Avaya Configuring OSI Services User manual

Configuring OSI Services

Router Software Version 10.0

Site Manager Software Version 4.0

Part No. 112947 Rev. A

January 1996

4401 Great America Parkway 8 Federal Street

Santa Clara, CA 95054 Billerica, MA 01821

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(continued)

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v

Contents

About This Guide

Audience ..........................................................................................................................xiii

Before You Begin .............................................................................................................xiii

Bay Networks Customer Support ....................................................................................xiv

CompuServe .............................................................................................................xiv

InfoFACTS ................................................................................................................. xv

World Wide Web ........................................................................................................ xv

How to Get Help .............................................................................................................. xv

Conventions .....................................................................................................................xvi

Ordering Bay Networks Publications ..............................................................................xvii

Acronyms ........................................................................................................................xvii

Chapter 1

OSI Overview

OSI Basic Reference Model ...........................................................................................1-2

OSI Network Organization ..............................................................................................1-3

Level 1 and Level 2 Routing .....................................................................................1-4

Level 1 Routing ..................................................................................................1-5

Level 2 Routing ..................................................................................................1-6

OSI Network Addressing ..........................................................................................1-6

NSAP Structure .................................................................................................1-7

Allocating NSAP Addresses ............................................................................1-13

OSI Basic Routing Algorithm ........................................................................................1-17

Update Process ......................................................................................................1-18

Decision Process ...................................................................................................1-20

Forwarding Process ...............................................................................................1-21

OSI Routing Protocols ..................................................................................................1-22

Connectionless-mode Network Service Protocol ...................................................1-22

End System to Intermediate System Routing Exchange Protocol .........................1-23

vi

Conﬁguration Reporting ...................................................................................1-23

Route Redirecting ............................................................................................1-24

Intermediate System to Intermediate System

Intra-Domain Routing Exchange Protocol ..............................................................1-26

Intra-Domain Routing ......................................................................................1-26

Inter-Domain Routing ......................................................................................1-28

Chapter 2

OSI Implementation Notes

Conﬁguring Area Address Aliases ..................................................................................2-2

Correcting Area Partitions ..............................................................................................2-5

Conﬁguring Static External Adjacencies ........................................................................2-7

Conﬁguring OSI over DDN X.25 .....................................................................................2-7

Conﬁguring DECnet IV to V Transition ............................................................................2-8

Conﬁguring OSI over Frame Relay .................................................................................2-8

Conﬁguration Overview ............................................................................................2-8

Frame Relay Circuit Modes ......................................................................................2-9

Direct Access .....................................................................................................2-9

Group Access ..................................................................................................2-10

Hybrid ..............................................................................................................2-11

Mixed Access ...................................................................................................2-11

Topology .................................................................................................................2-12

Full Mesh Topology ..........................................................................................2-12

Partial Mesh Topology .....................................................................................2-13

Route Redirecting ..................................................................................................2-14

Designated Router Selection .................................................................................2-15

IS Neighbor Detection ............................................................................................2-15

Circuits per Slot ......................................................................................................2-15

Chapter 3

Enabling OSI Services

Initial Conﬁguration of OSI Services ........................................................................3-1

Chapter 4

Editing OSI Parameters

Accessing OSI Parameters .............................................................................................4-2

Editing OSI Global Parameters .......................................................................................4-3

vii

Editing OSI Interface Parameters .................................................................................4-13

Conﬁguring Static End System Adjacencies ................................................................4-20

Adding a Static End System Adjacency .................................................................4-21

Copying a Static End System Adjacency ...............................................................4-24

Editing a Static End System Adjacency .................................................................4-24

Deleting a Static End System Adjacency ...............................................................4-24

Conﬁguring Static External Address Adjacencies ........................................................4-25

Adding Static External Address Adjacencies .........................................................4-26

Copying Static External Address Adjacencies .......................................................4-29

Editing Static External Address Adjacencies .........................................................4-29

Deleting Static External Address Adjacencies .......................................................4-29

Conﬁguring Static Routes .............................................................................................4-30

Adding Static Routes ..............................................................................................4-30

Copying Static Routes ............................................................................................4-33

Editing Static Routes ..............................................................................................4-33

Deleting Static Routes ............................................................................................4-34

Conﬁguring DECnet IV to V Transition ..........................................................................4-34

Creating the DECnet IV to V Transition ..................................................................4-35

Editing the DECnet IV to V Transition Parameters .................................................4-35

Deleting DECnet IV to V Transition .........................................................................4-37

Deleting OSI from the Router .......................................................................................4-37

Appendix A

IP-to-X.121 Address Mapping for DDN

IP-to-X.121 Address Mapping ....................................................................................... A-2

Overview ................................................................................................................. A-2

Background ............................................................................................................. A-3

Standard IP to X.121 Address Mapping ........................................................................ A-7

Class A .................................................................................................................... A-7

Class B .................................................................................................................... A-9

Class C .................................................................................................................. A-10

Appendix B

Site Manager Default Settings for OSI

Index

ix

Figures

Figure 1-1. OSI Network Organization .......................................................................1-4

Figure 1-2. L1 Routing within an Area and L2 Routing between Areas .....................1-5

Figure 1-3. Hierarchical Addressing Authority Structure ............................................1-7

Figure 1-4. Basic NSAP Address Structure ...............................................................1-8

Figure 1-5. GOSIP NSAP Address Format ................................................................1-9

Figure 1-6. ANSI NSAP Address Format .................................................................1-11

Figure 1-7. NSAP Area Address ..............................................................................1-13

Figure 1-8. Campus Routing Domain .......................................................................1-14

Figure 1-9. Assigning NSAP Addresses ...................................................................1-16

Figure 1-10. Router 1 Floods Area A with LSPs about the new End System ............1-19

Figure 1-11. Lowest Cost Path (Router A to B to ES) ................................................1-21

Figure 1-12. Route Redirecting ..................................................................................1-25

Figure 1-13. Static Inter-Domain Routing ...................................................................1-27

Figure 2-1. Original Area Addresses for Area XY ......................................................2-2

Figure 2-2. Assign Area Address Alias 456 to All Routers in Area XY .......................2-3

Figure 2-3. Assign Area Address 456 to Speciﬁc End Systems .................................2-4

Figure 2-4. Divide Area XB into Area X and Area Y ...................................................2-5

Figure 2-5. Routers B and C in an Area Partition Due to Improper

Network Design .......................................................................................2-6

Figure 2-6. Frame Relay Direct Access Mode ..........................................................2-10

Figure 2-7. Frame Relay Group Access Mode .........................................................2-11

Figure 2-8. Frame Relay Mixed Access Modes (Direct and Group) .........................2-12

Figure 2-9. Full Mesh Topology ................................................................................2-13

Figure 2-10. Partial Mesh in Hub and Spoke Topology ..............................................2-14

Figure 3-1. OSI Conﬁguration Window .......................................................................3-2

Figure 4-1. Conﬁguration Manager Window ...............................................................4-2

Figure 4-2. Edit OSI Global Parameters Window .......................................................4-4

Figure 4-3. OSI Interface Lists Window ....................................................................4-13

x

Figure 4-4. OSI Static ES Adjacency List Window ...................................................4-21

Figure 4-5. OSI Static ES Adjacency Conﬁguration Window ...................................4-22

Figure 4-6. OSI External Address Adjacency List Window ......................................4-25

Figure 4-7. OSI External Address Adjacency Conﬁguration Window .......................4-26

Figure 4-8. OSI Static Routes Window .....................................................................4-30

Figure 4-9. Static Route Conﬁguration Window .......................................................4-31

Figure 4-10. Selecting Protocols‘OSI‘Create DECnet IV to V Transition ....................4-35

Figure 4-11. Edit DECnet IV to V Transition Parameters Window ..............................4-36

Figure A-1. Class A Internet Address ........................................................................ A-4

Figure A-2. Class B Internet Address ........................................................................ A-5

Figure A-3. Class C Internet Address ........................................................................ A-6

xi

Tables

Table 1-1. OSI Reference Model and Common ISO Standards ...............................1-3

Table 1-2. NSAP Address Structure (Assigned by the ICD 0005 Subdomain) .......1-10

Table 1-3. NSAP Address Structure (Assigned by the DCC 840 Subdomain) .......1-12

Table 1-4. Link State Packet Types .........................................................................1-18

Table 2-1. Frame Relay Modes Used for OSI IS-IS Operations ................................2-9

Table 4-1. Suggested OSI Circuit Cost Values .......................................................4-15

Table B-1. OSI Initial Conﬁguration Parameters ....................................................... B-1

Table B-2. OSI Global Parameters ........................................................................... B-1

Table B-3. OSI Interface Parameters ....................................................................... B-2

Table B-4. OSI Static ES Adjacency Parameters ..................................................... B-3

Table B-5. OSI External Adjacency Parameters ...................................................... B-3

Table B-6. OSI Static Routes ................................................................................... B-3

Table B-7. DECnet 4 to 5 Transition Parameters ...................................................... B-4

xiii

About This Guide

If you are responsible for conﬁguring and managing Bay Networks routers, read

this guide to discover how to customize Bay Networks router software for OSI

services.

Refer to this guide for

• An overview of the OSI routing protocol and a description of how Bay

Networks routing services work (Chapter 1)

• Implementation notes on conﬁguring Bay Networks OSI routers with special

network requirements (Chapter 2)

• Instructions on

— Enabling OSI services (Chapter 3)

— Conﬁguring and editing OSI parameters (Chapter 4)

Audience

Written for system and network managers, this guide describes how to conﬁgure

the Bay Networks implementation of OSI services to suit your environment.

Before You Begin

Before using this guide, you must be familiar with the general conﬁguration

procedures in

Conﬁguring Routers.

Configuring OSI Services

xiv

Bay Networks Customer Support

Bay Networks provides live telephone technical support to our distributors,

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support centers. If you have purchased your Bay Networks product from a

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CompuServe

Bay Networks maintains an active forum on CompuServe. All you need to join us

online is a computer, a modem, and a CompuServe account. We also recommend

using the CompuServe Information Manager software, available from

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• In the United Kingdom, call Freephone 0800-289378.

xv

• In Germany, call 0130-37-32.

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World Wide Web

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Internet and a Web Browser (such as Mosaic or Netscape).

Bay Networks maintains a WWW Home Page that you can access at

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Customer Support Web Server, which offers technical documents, software

agents, and an E-mail capability for communicating with our technical support

engineers.

How to Get Help

For additional information or advice, contact the Bay Networks Technical

Response Center in your area:

United States 1-800-2LAN-WAN

Valbonne, France (33) 92-966-968

Sydney, Australia (61) 2-903-5800

Tokyo, Japan (81) 3-328-005

Configuring OSI Services

xvi

Conventions

This section describes the conventions used in this guide.

angle brackets (< >) Indicate that you choose the text to enter based on the

description inside the brackets. Do not type the

brackets when entering the command. Example: if

command syntax is

ping

<ip_address>

, you enter

ping

192.32.10.12

arrow character (

➔

) Separates menu and option names in instructions.

Example: Protocols

➔

AppleTalk identiﬁes the

AppleTalk option in the Protocols menu.

bold text

Indicates text that you need to enter and command

names in text. Example: Use the

dinfo

command.

brackets ([ ]) Indicate optional elements. You can choose none, one,

or all of the options.

italic text

Indicates variable values in command syntax

descriptions, new terms, ﬁle and directory names, and

book titles.

quotation marks (“ ”) Indicate the title of a chapter or section within a book.

screen text

Indicates data that appears on the screen. Example:

Set

Bay Networks Trap Monitor Filters

ellipsis points Horizontal (. . .) and vertical ellipsis points indicate

omitted information.

vertical line (|) Indicates that you enter only one of the parts of the

command. The vertical line separates choices. Do not

type the vertical line when entering the command.

Example: If the command syntax is

show at routes

|

nets

,

you enter either

show at routes

or

show at nets

, but not both.

.

()

xvii

Ordering Bay Networks Publications

To purchase additional copies of this document or other Bay Networks

publications, order by part number from Bay Networks Press™ at the following

numbers. You may also request a free catalog of Bay Networks Press product

publications.

Phone: 1-800-845-9523

FAX - U.S./Canada: 1-800-582-8000

FAX - International: 1-916-939-1010

Acronyms

AAI Administrative Authority Identiﬁer

ACSE Association Control Service Element

AFI Authority and Format Identiﬁer

ANSI American National Standards Institute

ARP Address Resolution Protocol

ASN.1 Abstract Syntax Notation One

CLNP Connectionless Network Protocol

CLNS Connectionless-mode Network Service

CSNP Complete Sequence Number Packets

DCA Defense Communication Agency

DCC Data Country Code

DCE Data-Circuit Terminating Equipment

DDN Defense Data Network

DFI Domain Format Identiﬁer

DLCI Data Link Connection Identiﬁer

DSP Domain Speciﬁc Part

DTE Data-Circuit Terminating Equipment

ES-IS End System to Intermediate System

FDDI Fiber Distributed Data Interface

FTAM File Transfer Access Management

GOSIP Government OSI Proﬁle

GSA General Services Administration

Configuring OSI Services

xviii

HDLC High Level Data Link Control

ICD International Code Designator

IDI Initial Domain Identiﬁer

IDP Initial Domain Part

IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers

ILI Intelligent Link Interface

IP Internet Protocol

IS-IS Intermediate System to Intermediate System

ISO International Organization for Standardization

ITU-T International Telecommunications Union -

Telecommunication Standardization Sector

L1 Level 1

L2 Level 2

LAN local area network

LSP Link State Packet

MAC Media Access Control

MIB Management Information Base

MOM Maintenance Operations Module

MOP Maintenance Operations Protocol

OSI Open Systems Interconnection

NSAP Network Service Access Point

PDN Public Data Network

PPP Point-to-Point Protocol

PSNP Partial Sequence Number Packet

PVC Permanent Virtual Circuit

RFC Request for Comment

RIP Routing Information Protocol

SNAP Subnetwork Access Protocol

SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol

SNPA Subnetwork Point of Attachment

TCP Transmission Control Protocol

VT Virtual Terminal

1-1

Chapter 1

OSI Overview

This chapter provides a general OSI networking overview and describes how OSI

routing services for Bay Networks routers work. It includes information on OSI

• Network organization

• Level 1 and Level 2 routing

• Network addressing

• Link-state routing algorithm

• Routing protocols

Note:

This document uses the terms

intermediate system

and

router

interchangeably.

Configuring OSI Services

1-2

OSI Basic Reference Model

OSI is a nonproprietary distributed processing architecture. The International

Organization for Standardization (ISO) developed OSI to provide communication

standards. These standards allow computer systems from different vendors to

communicate.

The OSI basic reference model combines a structured computer system

architecture with a set of common communication protocols. It comprises seven

layers. Each layer provides speciﬁc functions or services and follows the

corresponding OSI communication protocols to perform those services.

OSI is an “open system” architecture. Peer-to-peer common layers between

systems abolish the vendor-speciﬁc restrictions imposed by other architectures.

The principles of the OSI layering scheme include the following:

• Similar services are on the same layer.

• Services provided by lower layers are transparent to the layers above it.

• The lower the layer, the more basic the services it provides.

• The higher layers build upon the services offered by the layers below them.

OSI services for Bay Networks Version 7.60 and later software are United States

Government OSI Proﬁle (GOSIP) Version 2.0 compliant. In addition, Bay

Networks router software provides support for the ﬁrst three layers of the

ISO/CCITT (now ITU-T) recommended set of standards for international open

systems support and vendor interoperability. These layers are physical, data link,

and network.

T

able 1-1 lists some of the most common ISO standards implemented by OSI.

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