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Dell Configuration Guide for the S4810 System
9.7(0.0)
February 2015
Rev. A00
Notes, Cautions, and Warnings
NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your computer.
CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the
problem.
NOTE: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.
Copyright © 2015 Dell Inc. All rights reserved. This product is protected by U.S. and international copyright and intellectual property laws. Dell
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and
the Dell logo are trademarks of Dell Inc. in the United States and/or other jurisdictions. All other marks and names mentioned herein may be trademarks of
their respective companies.
Chapter 1: About this Guide........................................................................................................... 29
Audience............................................................................................................................................................................... 29
Conventions......................................................................................................................................................................... 29
Related Documents.............................................................................................................................................................29
Chapter 2: Configuration Fundamentals..........................................................................................30
Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................... 30
CLI Modes............................................................................................................................................................................ 30
Navigating CLI Modes...................................................................................................................................................32
The do Command................................................................................................................................................................ 34
Undoing Commands............................................................................................................................................................35
Obtaining Help..................................................................................................................................................................... 35
Entering and Editing Commands....................................................................................................................................... 36
Command History................................................................................................................................................................36
Filtering show Command Outputs.....................................................................................................................................37
Multiple Users in Configuration Mode.............................................................................................................................. 38
Chapter 3: Getting Started............................................................................................................ 39
Console Access....................................................................................................................................................................39
Serial Console.................................................................................................................................................................39
Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH.......................................................................................40
Default Configuration...........................................................................................................................................................41
Configuring a Host Name....................................................................................................................................................41
Accessing the System Remotely........................................................................................................................................41
Configure the Management Port IP Address.............................................................................................................42
Configure a Management Route................................................................................................................................. 42
Configuring a Username and Password......................................................................................................................42
Configuring the Enable Password..................................................................................................................................... 42
Configuration File Management........................................................................................................................................ 43
Copy Files to and from the System.............................................................................................................................43
Mounting an NFS File System..................................................................................................................................... 44
Save the Running-Configuration................................................................................................................................. 45
Configure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario...................................................................................................46
Viewing Files...................................................................................................................................................................46
Compressing Configuration Files................................................................................................................................. 47
Managing the File System..................................................................................................................................................49
Enabling Software Features on Devices Using a Command Option.............................................................................49
View Command History......................................................................................................................................................50
Upgrading Dell Networking OS..........................................................................................................................................50
Using Hashes to Validate Software Images.............................................................................................................50
Using HTTP for File Transfers............................................................................................................................................51
Chapter 4: Management................................................................................................................ 52
Configuring Privilege Levels...............................................................................................................................................52
Contents
Contents 3
Removing a Command from EXEC Mode..................................................................................................................53
Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode........................................................................... 53
Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands....................................................................................... 53
Allowing Access to the Following Modes................................................................................................................... 53
Applying a Privilege Level to a Username...................................................................................................................55
Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line............................................................................................................. 55
Configuring Logging............................................................................................................................................................55
Audit and Security Logs................................................................................................................................................55
Configuring Logging Format .................................................................................................................................57
Display the Logging Buffer and the Logging Configuration..................................................................................... 57
Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server.......................................................................................58
Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server......................................................................................................... 59
Log Messages in the Internal Buffer.................................................................................................................................59
Disabling System Logging.................................................................................................................................................. 59
Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................... 59
Configuring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server........................................................................................................ 60
Changing System Logging Settings..................................................................................................................................60
Display the Logging Buffer and the Logging Configuration............................................................................................61
Configuring a UNIX Logging Facility Level........................................................................................................................61
Synchronizing Log Messages............................................................................................................................................ 62
Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages........................................................................................................................63
File Transfer Services......................................................................................................................................................... 63
Enabling the FTP Server...............................................................................................................................................63
Configuring FTP Server Parameters...........................................................................................................................64
Configuring FTP Client Parameters............................................................................................................................ 64
Terminal Lines...................................................................................................................................................................... 64
Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line...................................................................................................65
Configuring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines................................................................................................65
Setting Time Out of EXEC Privilege Mode......................................................................................................................66
Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device............................................................................................................ 66
Lock CONFIGURATION Mode.......................................................................................................................................... 67
Recovering from a Forgotten Password..........................................................................................................................68
Recovering from a Forgotten Enable Password....................................................................................................... 68
Recovering from a Failed Start..........................................................................................................................................69
Restoring the Factory Default Settings............................................................................................................................69
Restoring Factory Default Environment Variables.................................................................................................... 70
Chapter 5: 802.1ag........................................................................................................................ 72
Ethernet CFM...................................................................................................................................................................... 72
Maintenance Domains.........................................................................................................................................................73
Maintenance Points.............................................................................................................................................................73
Maintenance End Points.....................................................................................................................................................74
Implementation Information............................................................................................................................................... 74
Configuring the CFM...........................................................................................................................................................74
Enabling Ethernet CFM...................................................................................................................................................... 75
Creating a Maintenance Domain....................................................................................................................................... 75
Creating a Maintenance Association.................................................................................................................................75
Create Maintenance Points................................................................................................................................................75
Creating a Maintenance End Point..............................................................................................................................76
Creating a Maintenance Intermediate Point.............................................................................................................. 76
4
Contents
Displaying the MP Databases.......................................................................................................................................77
Continuity Check Messages...............................................................................................................................................77
Enabling CCM.................................................................................................................................................................78
Enabling Cross-Checking..............................................................................................................................................78
Sending Loopback Messages and Responses................................................................................................................. 79
Sending Linktrace Messages and Responses.................................................................................................................. 79
Caching Link Trace........................................................................................................................................................ 79
Enabling CFM SNMP Traps...............................................................................................................................................80
Displaying Ethernet CFM Statistics................................................................................................................................... 81
Chapter 6: 802.1X......................................................................................................................... 83
The Port-Authentication Process..................................................................................................................................... 84
EAP over RADIUS..........................................................................................................................................................85
Configuring 802.1X..............................................................................................................................................................86
Important Points to Remember.........................................................................................................................................86
Enabling 802.1X....................................................................................................................................................................87
Configuring Request Identity Re-Transmissions............................................................................................................. 88
Configuring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication.........................................................................................89
Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port...................................................................................................................89
Re-Authenticating a Port................................................................................................................................................... 90
Configuring Timeouts.......................................................................................................................................................... 91
Configuring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication..............................................................................92
Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs..............................................................................................................................93
Configuring a Guest VLAN........................................................................................................................................... 93
Configuring an Authentication-Fail VLAN.................................................................................................................. 93
Chapter 7: Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM)............ 95
Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs......................................................................95
Guidelines for Configuring ACL VLAN groups.................................................................................................................96
Configuring ACL VLAN Groups and Configuring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters................................................... 96
Configuring ACL VLAN Groups................................................................................................................................... 96
Configuring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters............................................................................................................ 97
Viewing CAM Usage........................................................................................................................................................... 98
Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes....................................................................................................................... 99
Chapter 8: Access Control Lists (ACLs).........................................................................................100
IP Access Control Lists (ACLs)........................................................................................................................................ 101
CAM Usage....................................................................................................................................................................101
Implementing ACLs on Dell Networking OS............................................................................................................. 102
Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................................... 103
Configuration Task List for Route Maps...................................................................................................................103
Configuring Match Routes..........................................................................................................................................105
Configuring Set Conditions.........................................................................................................................................106
Configure a Route Map for Route Redistribution.................................................................................................... 107
Configure a Route Map for Route Tagging.............................................................................................................. 108
Continue Clause........................................................................................................................................................... 108
IP Fragment Handling........................................................................................................................................................108
IP Fragments ACL Examples...................................................................................................................................... 108
Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples...................................................................................................................................... 109
Contents
5
Configure a Standard IP ACL............................................................................................................................................110
Configuring a Standard IP ACL Filter......................................................................................................................... 110
Configure an Extended IP ACL..........................................................................................................................................111
Configuring Filters with a Sequence Number............................................................................................................ 111
Configuring Filters Without a Sequence Number.....................................................................................................112
Configure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs............................................................................................................................... 113
Assign an IP ACL to an Interface......................................................................................................................................113
Applying an IP ACL............................................................................................................................................................. 114
Counting ACL Hits........................................................................................................................................................ 114
Configure Ingress ACLs..................................................................................................................................................... 114
Configure Egress ACLs......................................................................................................................................................115
Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane)........................................................................................................116
IP Prefix Lists.......................................................................................................................................................................117
Configuration Task List for Prefix Lists......................................................................................................................117
ACL Resequencing.............................................................................................................................................................120
Resequencing an ACL or Prefix List........................................................................................................................... 121
Route Maps........................................................................................................................................................................ 122
Logging of ACL Processes................................................................................................................................................122
Guidelines for Configuring ACL Logging................................................................................................................... 123
Configuring ACL Logging............................................................................................................................................ 123
Flow-Based Monitoring Support for ACLs..................................................................................................................... 123
Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring............................................................................................................................... 125
Chapter 9: Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD)..................................................................... 126
How BFD Works.................................................................................................................................................................126
BFD Packet Format..................................................................................................................................................... 127
BFD Sessions................................................................................................................................................................ 128
BFD Three-Way Handshake....................................................................................................................................... 129
Session State Changes................................................................................................................................................130
Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................................... 130
Configure BFD....................................................................................................................................................................130
Configure BFD for Physical Ports...............................................................................................................................131
Configure BFD for Static Routes............................................................................................................................... 133
Configure BFD for OSPF............................................................................................................................................ 135
Configure BFD for OSPFv3........................................................................................................................................ 137
Configure BFD for IS-IS.............................................................................................................................................. 138
Configure BFD for BGP...............................................................................................................................................140
Configure BFD for VRRP............................................................................................................................................ 146
Configuring Protocol Liveness....................................................................................................................................149
Troubleshooting BFD...................................................................................................................................................149
Chapter 10: Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4)....................................................................... 151
Autonomous Systems (AS)...............................................................................................................................................151
Sessions and Peers............................................................................................................................................................153
Establish a Session.......................................................................................................................................................153
Route Reflectors................................................................................................................................................................154
BGP Attributes...................................................................................................................................................................155
Best Path Selection Criteria....................................................................................................................................... 155
Weight........................................................................................................................................................................... 157
6
Contents
Local Preference.......................................................................................................................................................... 157
Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs).............................................................................................................................. 158
Origin............................................................................................................................................................................. 159
AS Path......................................................................................................................................................................... 159
Next Hop.......................................................................................................................................................................160
Multiprotocol BGP............................................................................................................................................................. 160
Implement BGP with Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................... 160
Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes............................................................................................ 161
Ignore Router-ID for Some Best-Path Calculations................................................................................................. 161
Four-Byte AS Numbers................................................................................................................................................161
AS4 Number Representation......................................................................................................................................162
AS Number Migration..................................................................................................................................................163
BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)........................................................................................................... 164
Important Points to Remember..................................................................................................................................165
Configuration Information.................................................................................................................................................165
BGP Configuration.............................................................................................................................................................166
Enabling BGP................................................................................................................................................................166
Configuring AS4 Number Representations...............................................................................................................169
Configuring Peer Groups..............................................................................................................................................171
Configuring BGP Fast Fall-Over.................................................................................................................................173
Configuring Passive Peering....................................................................................................................................... 174
Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration.....................................................................................175
Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path...........................................................................................175
Enabling Graceful Restart........................................................................................................................................... 176
Enabling Neighbor Graceful Restart...........................................................................................................................177
Filtering on an AS-Path Attribute...............................................................................................................................177
Regular Expressions as Filters.................................................................................................................................... 178
Redistributing Routes.................................................................................................................................................. 180
Enabling Additional Paths............................................................................................................................................180
Configuring IP Community Lists..................................................................................................................................181
Configuring an IP Extended Community List............................................................................................................182
Filtering Routes with Community Lists......................................................................................................................182
Manipulating the COMMUNITY Attribute................................................................................................................ 183
Changing MED Attributes...........................................................................................................................................184
Changing the LOCAL_PREFERENCE Attribute......................................................................................................184
Changing the NEXT_HOP Attribute......................................................................................................................... 185
Changing the WEIGHT Attribute............................................................................................................................... 185
Enabling Multipath....................................................................................................................................................... 186
Filtering BGP Routes................................................................................................................................................... 186
Filtering BGP Routes Using Route Maps.................................................................................................................. 187
Filtering BGP Routes Using AS-PATH Information................................................................................................. 187
Configuring BGP Route Reflectors............................................................................................................................188
Aggregating Routes..................................................................................................................................................... 188
Configuring BGP Confederations...............................................................................................................................189
Enabling Route Flap Dampening.................................................................................................................................189
Changing BGP Timers.................................................................................................................................................. 191
Enabling BGP Neighbor Soft-Reconfiguration.........................................................................................................192
Route Map Continue....................................................................................................................................................193
Enabling MBGP Configurations........................................................................................................................................193
BGP Regular Expression Optimization............................................................................................................................ 194
Contents
7
Debugging BGP..................................................................................................................................................................194
Storing Last and Bad PDUs........................................................................................................................................ 195
Capturing PDUs............................................................................................................................................................195
PDU Counters.............................................................................................................................................................. 196
Sample Configurations...................................................................................................................................................... 197
Chapter 11: Content Addressable Memory (CAM)...........................................................................203
CAM Allocation..................................................................................................................................................................203
Test CAM Usage...............................................................................................................................................................205
View CAM-ACL Settings................................................................................................................................................. 205
View CAM Usage.............................................................................................................................................................. 207
CAM Optimization.............................................................................................................................................................207
Troubleshoot CAM Profiling.............................................................................................................................................207
QoS CAM Region Limitation...................................................................................................................................... 207
Chapter 12: Control Plane Policing (CoPP)....................................................................................209
Configure Control Plane Policing..................................................................................................................................... 210
Configuring CoPP for Protocols................................................................................................................................. 211
Configuring CoPP for CPU Queues...........................................................................................................................212
CoPP for OSPFv3 Packets.........................................................................................................................................213
Configuring CoPP for OSPFv3...................................................................................................................................215
Show Commands......................................................................................................................................................... 216
Chapter 13: Data Center Bridging (DCB)........................................................................................218
Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging......................................................................................................... 218
Priority-Based Flow Control........................................................................................................................................219
Enhanced Transmission Selection.............................................................................................................................220
Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx)...................................................................................................221
Data Center Bridging in a Traffic Flow...................................................................................................................... 221
Enabling Data Center Bridging......................................................................................................................................... 221
QoS dot1p Traffic Classification and Queue Assignment.............................................................................................222
DCB Maps and its Attributes...........................................................................................................................................223
Data Center Bridging: Default Configuration.................................................................................................................225
Configuring PFC and ETS in a DCB Map.......................................................................................................................226
Configuring Priority-Based Flow Control....................................................................................................................... 228
Configuring Lossless Queues.....................................................................................................................................228
Configure Enhanced Transmission Selection.................................................................................................................229
ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions...........................................................................................................................229
Creating an ETS Priority Group.................................................................................................................................229
ETS Operation with DCBx..........................................................................................................................................230
Configuring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN.................................................................................................... 230
Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack........................................................................................................................ 231
Configure a DCBx Operation............................................................................................................................................231
DCBx Operation............................................................................................................................................................231
DCBx Port Roles..........................................................................................................................................................232
DCB Configuration Exchange.................................................................................................................................... 233
Configuration Source Election................................................................................................................................... 233
Propagation of DCB Information............................................................................................................................... 234
Auto-Detection and Manual Configuration of the DCBx Version......................................................................... 234
8
Contents
Behavior of Tagged Packets......................................................................................................................................234
Configuration Example for DSCP and PFC Priorities............................................................................................. 235
DCBx Example............................................................................................................................................................. 235
DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions........................................................................................................................236
Configuring DCBx........................................................................................................................................................236
Verifying the DCB Configuration.....................................................................................................................................239
Using PFC and ETS to Manage Data Center Traffic....................................................................................................248
Using PFC and ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Traffic............................................................................... 250
Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies...................................................................................................... 250
Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buffer Method....................................................................................... 251
Configuring the Dynamic Buffer Method.......................................................................................................................252
Sample Configurations......................................................................................................................................................253
Chapter 14: Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)............................................................. 257
DHCP Packet Format and Options.................................................................................................................................257
Assign an IP Address using DHCP.................................................................................................................................. 258
Implementation Information.............................................................................................................................................259
Configure the System to be a DHCP Server.................................................................................................................260
Configuring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation.....................................................................................260
Specifying a Default Gateway.................................................................................................................................... 261
Configure a Method of Hostname Resolution..........................................................................................................261
Using DNS for Address Resolution........................................................................................................................... 262
Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution.........................................................................................................262
Creating Manual Binding Entries............................................................................................................................... 262
Debugging the DHCP Server.....................................................................................................................................262
Using DHCP Clear Commands.................................................................................................................................. 263
Configure the System to be a Relay Agent................................................................................................................... 263
Configure the System to be a DHCP Client.................................................................................................................. 264
Configuring the DHCP Client System.......................................................................................................................265
DHCP Client on a Management Interface............................................................................................................... 266
DHCP Client Operation with Other Features.......................................................................................................... 267
Configure the System for User Port Stacking (Option 230).......................................................................................267
Configure Secure DHCP.................................................................................................................................................. 268
Option 82......................................................................................................................................................................268
DHCP Snooping...........................................................................................................................................................268
Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only........................................................................................................ 271
Dynamic ARP Inspection............................................................................................................................................. 271
Configuring Dynamic ARP Inspection....................................................................................................................... 272
Source Address Validation................................................................................................................................................273
Enabling IP Source Address Validation..................................................................................................................... 273
DHCP MAC Source Address Validation....................................................................................................................274
Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation.......................................................................................................... 274
Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets.......................................................................................................274
Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets...................................................................................................... 275
Chapter 15: Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)................................................................................... 276
ECMP for Flow-Based Affinity........................................................................................................................................ 276
Configuring the Hash Algorithm................................................................................................................................ 276
Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop.................................................................................................................. 276
Contents
9
Configuring the Hash Algorithm Seed...................................................................................................................... 276
Link Bundle Monitoring..................................................................................................................................................... 277
Managing ECMP Group Paths...................................................................................................................................277
Creating an ECMP Group Bundle..............................................................................................................................278
Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold.................................................................................................................... 278
Chapter 16: FCoE Transit............................................................................................................. 280
Fibre Channel over Ethernet............................................................................................................................................280
Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network............................................................................................... 280
FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges...................................................................................................................................281
FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack...................................................................................................................................... 283
Using FIP Snooping...........................................................................................................................................................283
FIP Snooping Prerequisites........................................................................................................................................ 283
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................283
Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature........................................................................................................................... 284
Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs.................................................................................................................................284
Configure the FC-MAP Value....................................................................................................................................285
Configure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link.......................................................................................................... 285
Configure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link.............................................................................................................. 285
Impact on Other Software Features.........................................................................................................................285
FIP Snooping Restrictions..........................................................................................................................................285
Configuring FIP Snooping...........................................................................................................................................286
Displaying FIP Snooping Information.............................................................................................................................. 286
FCoE Transit Configuration Example.............................................................................................................................. 291
Chapter 17: Enabling FIPS Cryptography....................................................................................... 293
Configuration Tasks.......................................................................................................................................................... 293
Preparing the System.......................................................................................................................................................293
Enabling FIPS Mode..........................................................................................................................................................293
Generating Host-Keys...................................................................................................................................................... 294
Monitoring FIPS Mode Status.........................................................................................................................................294
Disabling FIPS Mode.........................................................................................................................................................295
Chapter 18: Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)...................................................................... 296
Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................................................ 296
Ring Status...................................................................................................................................................................297
Multiple FRRP Rings................................................................................................................................................... 297
Important FRRP Points...............................................................................................................................................297
Important FRRP Concepts.........................................................................................................................................298
Implementing FRRP.......................................................................................................................................................... 299
FRRP Configuration..........................................................................................................................................................299
Creating the FRRP Group..........................................................................................................................................299
Configuring the Control VLAN...................................................................................................................................299
Configuring and Adding the Member VLANs.......................................................................................................... 300
Setting the FRRP Timers............................................................................................................................................ 301
Clearing the FRRP Counters...................................................................................................................................... 301
Viewing the FRRP Configuration.............................................................................................................................. 302
Viewing the FRRP Information.................................................................................................................................. 302
Troubleshooting FRRP..................................................................................................................................................... 302
10
Contents
Sample Configuration and Topology...............................................................................................................................302
Chapter 19: GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP).................................................................. 304
Configure GVRP................................................................................................................................................................305
Enabling GVRP Globally....................................................................................................................................................305
Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface...........................................................................................................................306
Configure GVRP Registration..........................................................................................................................................306
Configure a GARP Timer..................................................................................................................................................307
RPM Redundancy............................................................................................................................................................. 307
Chapter 20: High Availability (HA)................................................................................................ 308
Component Redundancy..................................................................................................................................................308
Automatic and Manual Stack Unit Failover..............................................................................................................308
Synchronization between Management and Standby Units................................................................................. 309
Forcing an Stack Unit Failover...................................................................................................................................309
Specifying an Auto-Failover Limit............................................................................................................................. 309
Disabling Auto-Reboot.................................................................................................................................................310
Manually Synchronizing Management and Standby Units..................................................................................... 310
Pre-Configuring a Stack Unit Slot................................................................................................................................... 310
Removing a Provisioned Logical Stack Unit................................................................................................................... 310
Hitless Behavior.................................................................................................................................................................. 311
Graceful Restart..................................................................................................................................................................311
Software Resiliency............................................................................................................................................................ 311
Software Component Health Monitoring.................................................................................................................. 311
System Health Monitoring........................................................................................................................................... 311
Failure and Event Logging...........................................................................................................................................312
Hot-Lock Behavior.............................................................................................................................................................312
Chapter 21: Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP).............................................................. 313
IGMP Protocol Overview..................................................................................................................................................313
IGMP Version 2............................................................................................................................................................ 313
IGMP Version 3............................................................................................................................................................ 314
Configure IGMP..................................................................................................................................................................317
Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces....................................................................................................................................317
Selecting an IGMP Version............................................................................................................................................... 318
Viewing IGMP Groups....................................................................................................................................................... 318
Adjusting Timers.................................................................................................................................................................319
Adjusting Query and Response Timers......................................................................................................................319
Preventing a Host from Joining a Group........................................................................................................................ 319
Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave.....................................................................................................................................321
IGMP Snooping..................................................................................................................................................................322
Configuring IGMP Snooping...................................................................................................................................... 322
Removing a Group-Port Association.........................................................................................................................322
Disabling Multicast Flooding.......................................................................................................................................323
Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router..........................................................................................323
Configuring the Switch as Querier............................................................................................................................323
Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes......................................................................................................324
Egress Interface Selection (EIS) for HTTP and IGMP Applications........................................................................... 324
Designating a Multicast Router Interface...................................................................................................................... 330
Contents
11
Chapter 22: Interfaces................................................................................................................. 331
Interface Types..................................................................................................................................................................332
View Basic Interface Information.................................................................................................................................... 332
Enabling a Physical Interface........................................................................................................................................... 333
Physical Interfaces............................................................................................................................................................ 334
Configuration Task List for Physical Interfaces.......................................................................................................334
Overview of Layer Modes.......................................................................................................................................... 334
Configuring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode.....................................................................................................................335
Configuring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode......................................................................................................................335
Configuring Layer 3 (Network) Mode...................................................................................................................... 335
Configuring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode......................................................................................................................336
Egress Interface Selection (EIS)..................................................................................................................................... 336
Configuring EIS............................................................................................................................................................336
Management Interfaces................................................................................................................................................... 337
Configuring Management Interfaces........................................................................................................................ 337
Configuring Management Interfaces on the S-Series............................................................................................338
VLAN Interfaces................................................................................................................................................................339
Loopback Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................... 339
Null Interfaces....................................................................................................................................................................340
Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................................................... 340
Port Channel Definition and Standards.................................................................................................................... 340
Port Channel Benefits.................................................................................................................................................340
Port Channel Implementation..................................................................................................................................... 341
10/100/1000 Mbps Interfaces in Port Channels......................................................................................................341
Configuration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces.................................................................................................... 341
Creating a Port Channel............................................................................................................................................. 342
Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel........................................................................................................ 342
Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel................................................................................................... 343
Configuring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel.................................................................................. 344
....................................................................................................................................................................................... 344
Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel..............................................................................................................345
Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel.........................................................................................................................345
Load Balancing Through Port Channels................................................................................................................... 345
Load-Balancing Method............................................................................................................................................. 346
Changing the Hash Algorithm....................................................................................................................................346
Bulk Configuration.............................................................................................................................................................347
Interface Range........................................................................................................................................................... 347
Bulk Configuration Examples......................................................................................................................................347
Defining Interface Range Macros................................................................................................................................... 349
Define the Interface Range........................................................................................................................................349
Choosing an Interface-Range Macro........................................................................................................................349
Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces...........................................................................................................................349
Maintenance Using TDR.............................................................................................................................................350
Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports............................................................................................................................... 351
Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port......................................................................................351
Link Dampening................................................................................................................................................................. 356
Enabling Link Dampening............................................................................................................................................356
Link Bundle Monitoring.....................................................................................................................................................357
Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control........................................................................................................... 358
12
Contents
Enabling Pause Frames...............................................................................................................................................358
Configure the MTU Size on an Interface.......................................................................................................................359
Port-Pipes.......................................................................................................................................................................... 359
Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces...................................................................................................................... 359
Setting the Speed and Duplex Mode of Ethernet Interfaces................................................................................360
Set Auto-Negotiation Options....................................................................................................................................361
View Advanced Interface Information............................................................................................................................362
Configuring the Interface Sampling Size..................................................................................................................362
Dynamic Counters.............................................................................................................................................................363
Clearing Interface Counters.......................................................................................................................................364
Enhanced Validation of Interface Ranges...................................................................................................................... 364
Chapter 23: Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)............................................................................. 365
Configuring IPSec ............................................................................................................................................................ 365
Chapter 24: IPv4 Routing.............................................................................................................367
IP Addresses...................................................................................................................................................................... 368
Configuration Tasks for IP Addresses............................................................................................................................ 368
Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface..........................................................................................................................368
Configuring Static Routes................................................................................................................................................369
Configure Static Routes for the Management Interface..............................................................................................371
IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview...............................................................................................................................371
Using the Configured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages..................................................................................... 372
Configuring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection............................................................................................372
Enabling Directed Broadcast............................................................................................................................................373
Resolution of Host Names................................................................................................................................................373
Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names................................................................................................................373
Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains.......................................................................................374
Configuring DNS with Traceroute...................................................................................................................................374
ARP..................................................................................................................................................................................... 375
Configuration Tasks for ARP........................................................................................................................................... 375
Configuring Static ARP Entries....................................................................................................................................... 375
Enabling Proxy ARP.......................................................................................................................................................... 375
Clearing ARP Cache..........................................................................................................................................................376
ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP...................................................................................................................................376
Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................... 376
ARP Learning via ARP Request....................................................................................................................................... 377
Configuring ARP Retries...................................................................................................................................................377
ICMP................................................................................................................................................................................... 378
Configuration Tasks for ICMP......................................................................................................................................... 378
Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages..........................................................................................................................378
UDP Helper.........................................................................................................................................................................378
Enabling UDP Helper.........................................................................................................................................................379
Configuring a Broadcast Address....................................................................................................................................379
Configurations Using UDP Helper...................................................................................................................................380
UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses....................................................................................................................380
UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses............................................................................................................380
UDP Helper with Configured Broadcast Addresses......................................................................................................381
UDP Helper with No Configured Broadcast Addresses................................................................................................381
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Troubleshooting UDP Helper............................................................................................................................................381
Chapter 25: IPv6 Routing.............................................................................................................383
Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................................................ 383
Extended Address Space........................................................................................................................................... 383
Stateless Autoconfiguration.......................................................................................................................................383
IPv6 Headers................................................................................................................................................................384
IPv6 Header Fields...................................................................................................................................................... 385
Extension Header Fields............................................................................................................................................. 386
Addressing.................................................................................................................................................................... 387
Implementing IPv6 with Dell Networking OS.................................................................................................................388
ICMPv6...............................................................................................................................................................................389
Path MTU Discovery........................................................................................................................................................ 390
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery..................................................................................................................................................390
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets...............................................................................................................391
Configuration Task List for IPv6 RDNSS........................................................................................................................391
Configuring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server............................................................................................................391
Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host .........................................................................................392
Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information......................................................................................................................... 392
Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport................................................................................................................. 393
Configuration Tasks for IPv6...........................................................................................................................................393
Adjusting Your CAM-Profile.......................................................................................................................................393
Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface.............................................................................................................. 394
Assigning a Static IPv6 Route....................................................................................................................................394
Configuring Telnet with IPv6.....................................................................................................................................395
SNMP over IPv6......................................................................................................................................................... 395
Showing IPv6 Information..........................................................................................................................................395
Showing an IPv6 Interface.........................................................................................................................................396
Showing IPv6 Routes................................................................................................................................................. 396
Showing the Running-Configuration for an Interface.............................................................................................397
Clearing IPv6 Routes.................................................................................................................................................. 398
Configuring IPv6 RA Guard..............................................................................................................................................398
Configuring IPv6 RA Guard on an Interface............................................................................................................ 399
Monitoring IPv6 RA Guard.........................................................................................................................................400
Chapter 26: iSCSI Optimization.................................................................................................... 401
iSCSI Optimization Overview........................................................................................................................................... 401
Monitoring iSCSI Traffic Flows..................................................................................................................................402
Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Traffic Flows........................................................................................ 402
Information Monitored in iSCSI Traffic Flows..........................................................................................................403
Detection and Auto-Configuration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays.............................................................................. 403
Configuring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays................................................................................ 404
Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer.................................................................. 404
Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization.....................................................................................................................404
Default iSCSI Optimization Values..................................................................................................................................405
iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites.................................................................................................................................... 405
Configuring iSCSI Optimization.......................................................................................................................................406
Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information.....................................................................................................................407
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Chapter 27: Intermediate System to Intermediate System..............................................................409
IS-IS Protocol Overview...................................................................................................................................................409
IS-IS Addressing................................................................................................................................................................ 409
Multi-Topology IS-IS..........................................................................................................................................................410
Transition Mode........................................................................................................................................................... 410
Interface Support.........................................................................................................................................................410
Adjacencies................................................................................................................................................................... 410
Graceful Restart..................................................................................................................................................................411
Timers.............................................................................................................................................................................411
Implementation Information...............................................................................................................................................411
Configuration Information.................................................................................................................................................412
Configuration Tasks for IS-IS......................................................................................................................................412
Configuring the Distance of a Route......................................................................................................................... 419
Changing the IS-Type..................................................................................................................................................419
Redistributing IPv4 Routes......................................................................................................................................... 421
Redistributing IPv6 Routes.........................................................................................................................................422
Configuring Authentication Passwords.................................................................................................................... 422
Setting the Overload Bit.............................................................................................................................................423
Debugging IS-IS........................................................................................................................................................... 423
IS-IS Metric Styles............................................................................................................................................................ 424
Configure Metric Values...................................................................................................................................................425
Maximum Values in the Routing Table..................................................................................................................... 425
Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only................................................................................................... 425
Leaks from One Level to Another............................................................................................................................. 426
Sample Configurations......................................................................................................................................................427
Chapter 28: Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP).................................................................. 430
Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP......................................................................................................................430
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................430
LACP Modes.................................................................................................................................................................431
Configuring LACP Commands....................................................................................................................................431
LACP Configuration Tasks................................................................................................................................................431
Creating a LAG............................................................................................................................................................ 432
Configuring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic............................................................................................................432
Setting the LACP Long Timeout............................................................................................................................... 432
Monitoring and Debugging LACP..............................................................................................................................433
Shared LAG State Tracking............................................................................................................................................. 433
Configuring Shared LAG State Tracking.................................................................................................................. 434
Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking..............................................................................................435
LACP Basic Configuration Example................................................................................................................................436
Configure a LAG on ALPHA.......................................................................................................................................436
Chapter 29: Layer 2..................................................................................................................... 444
Manage the MAC Address Table.................................................................................................................................... 444
Clearing the MAC Address Table.............................................................................................................................. 444
Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries............................................................................................................444
Configuring a Static MAC Address........................................................................................................................... 445
Displaying the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................... 445
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MAC Learning Limit.......................................................................................................................................................... 445
Setting the MAC Learning Limit................................................................................................................................446
mac learning-limit Dynamic........................................................................................................................................ 446
mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky..................................................................................................................... 446
mac learning-limit station-move................................................................................................................................ 446
mac learning-limit no-station-move.......................................................................................................................... 446
Learning Limit Violation Actions.................................................................................................................................447
Setting Station Move Violation Actions....................................................................................................................447
Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations.............................................................................. 448
NIC Teaming...................................................................................................................................................................... 448
Configure Redundant Pairs..............................................................................................................................................449
Far-End Failure Detection................................................................................................................................................ 452
FEFD State Changes.................................................................................................................................................. 452
Configuring FEFD........................................................................................................................................................ 453
Enabling FEFD on an Interface.................................................................................................................................. 454
Debugging FEFD..........................................................................................................................................................454
Chapter 30: Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP).........................................................................456
802.1AB (LLDP) Overview...............................................................................................................................................456
Protocol Data Units.....................................................................................................................................................456
Optional TLVs.................................................................................................................................................................... 457
Management TLVs......................................................................................................................................................457
TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview...................................................................................................................................459
TIA Organizationally Specific TLVs........................................................................................................................... 459
Configure LLDP................................................................................................................................................................. 462
CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Configurations............................................................................................... 463
Enabling LLDP....................................................................................................................................................................463
Disabling and Undoing LLDP......................................................................................................................................464
Enabling LLDP on Management Ports........................................................................................................................... 464
Disabling and Undoing LLDP on Management Ports..............................................................................................464
Advertising TLVs............................................................................................................................................................... 464
Viewing the LLDP Configuration.....................................................................................................................................465
Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents........................................................................................ 466
Configuring LLDPDU Intervals.........................................................................................................................................467
Configuring Transmit and Receive Mode.......................................................................................................................467
Configuring a Time to Live...............................................................................................................................................468
Debugging LLDP............................................................................................................................................................... 469
Relevant Management Objects.......................................................................................................................................469
Chapter 31: Microsoft Network Load Balancing.............................................................................. 474
Configuring a Switch for NLB .........................................................................................................................................475
....................................................................................................................................................................................... 475
Chapter 32: Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP).............................................................. 477
Anycast RP.........................................................................................................................................................................478
Implementation Information............................................................................................................................................. 479
Configure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol........................................................................................................... 479
Related Configuration Tasks...................................................................................................................................... 479
Enable MSDP.....................................................................................................................................................................483
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Manage the Source-Active Cache..................................................................................................................................484
Viewing the Source-Active Cache............................................................................................................................ 484
Limiting the Source-Active Cache............................................................................................................................ 484
Clearing the Source-Active Cache............................................................................................................................484
Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache...........................................................................................................485
Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check.........................................................................................485
Specifying Source-Active Messages.............................................................................................................................. 489
Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer......................................................................................................490
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source..........................................................................................................490
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source..................................................................................................... 490
Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source..................................................................................................... 491
Logging Changes in Peership States..............................................................................................................................492
Terminating a Peership.....................................................................................................................................................492
Clearing Peer Statistics.................................................................................................................................................... 492
Debugging MSDP..............................................................................................................................................................493
MSDP with Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................... 493
Configuring Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................... 494
Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding............................................................................................................495
Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages..................................................................................................495
MSDP Sample Configurations......................................................................................................................................... 497
Chapter 33: Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP).................................................................... 501
Spanning Tree Variations................................................................................................................................................. 502
Implementation Information.......................................................................................................................................502
Configure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol...................................................................................................................502
Related Configuration Tasks......................................................................................................................................502
Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally......................................................................................................................... 503
Adding and Removing Interfaces.................................................................................................................................... 503
Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances...................................................................................................................503
Influencing MSTP Root Selection...................................................................................................................................504
Interoperate with Non-Dell Networking OS Bridges....................................................................................................505
Changing the Region Name or Revision........................................................................................................................ 505
Modifying Global Parameters.......................................................................................................................................... 505
Modifying the Interface Parameters.............................................................................................................................. 506
Configuring an EdgePort..................................................................................................................................................507
Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change.......................................................................................................... 508
MSTP Sample Configurations......................................................................................................................................... 508
Debugging and Verifying MSTP Configurations.............................................................................................................511
Chapter 34: Multicast Features.....................................................................................................513
Enabling IP Multicast......................................................................................................................................................... 513
Implementation Information..............................................................................................................................................513
Multicast Policies............................................................................................................................................................... 514
IPv4 Multicast Policies.................................................................................................................................................514
Chapter 35: Object Tracking........................................................................................................ 520
Object Tracking Overview............................................................................................................................................... 520
Track Layer 2 Interfaces............................................................................................................................................. 521
Track Layer 3 Interfaces............................................................................................................................................. 521
Contents
17
Track IPv4 and IPv6 Routes....................................................................................................................................... 521
Set Tracking Delays.....................................................................................................................................................522
VRRP Object Tracking................................................................................................................................................522
Object Tracking Configuration........................................................................................................................................ 523
Tracking a Layer 2 Interface...................................................................................................................................... 523
Tracking a Layer 3 Interface...................................................................................................................................... 524
Track an IPv4/IPv6 Route......................................................................................................................................... 525
Displaying Tracked Objects..............................................................................................................................................527
Chapter 36: Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3)........................................................ 530
Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................................................ 530
Autonomous System (AS) Areas.............................................................................................................................. 530
Area Types.................................................................................................................................................................... 531
Networks and Neighbors............................................................................................................................................532
Router Types................................................................................................................................................................532
Designated and Backup Designated Routers...........................................................................................................533
Link-State Advertisements (LSAs)...........................................................................................................................533
Virtual Links..................................................................................................................................................................534
Router Priority and Cost.............................................................................................................................................534
OSPF with Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................................... 535
Graceful Restart..........................................................................................................................................................535
Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only).................................................................................................................536
Multi-Process OSPFv2 (IPv4 only)...........................................................................................................................536
OSPF ACK Packing..................................................................................................................................................... 537
Setting OSPF Adjacency with Cisco Routers..........................................................................................................537
Configuration Information................................................................................................................................................ 538
Configuration Task List for OSPFv2 (OSPF for IPv4)........................................................................................... 538
Configuration Task List for OSPFv3 (OSPF for IPv6).................................................................................................550
Enabling IPv6 Unicast Routing................................................................................................................................... 551
Assigning IPv6 Addresses on an Interface................................................................................................................551
Assigning Area ID on an Interface..............................................................................................................................551
Assigning OSPFv3 Process ID and Router ID Globally............................................................................................551
Assigning OSPFv3 Process ID and Router ID to a VRF......................................................................................... 552
Configuring Stub Areas.............................................................................................................................................. 552
Configuring Passive-Interface................................................................................................................................... 552
Redistributing Routes................................................................................................................................................. 553
Configuring a Default Route...................................................................................................................................... 553
Enabling OSPFv3 Graceful Restart...........................................................................................................................553
OSPFv3 Authentication Using IPsec........................................................................................................................ 555
Troubleshooting OSPFv3............................................................................................................................................561
Chapter 37: Policy-based Routing (PBR).......................................................................................562
Overview............................................................................................................................................................................ 562
Implementing Policy-based Routing with Dell Networking OS................................................................................... 563
Configuration Task List for Policy-based Routing........................................................................................................ 564
Sample Configuration....................................................................................................................................................... 568
Chapter 38: PIM Sparse-Mode (PIM-SM)......................................................................................572
Implementation Information............................................................................................................................................. 572
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Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................................................ 572
Requesting Multicast Traffic......................................................................................................................................572
Refuse Multicast Traffic............................................................................................................................................. 573
Send Multicast Traffic................................................................................................................................................ 573
Configuring PIM-SM.........................................................................................................................................................573
Related Configuration Tasks...................................................................................................................................... 573
Enable PIM-SM..................................................................................................................................................................574
Configuring S,G Expiry Timers.........................................................................................................................................575
Configuring a Static Rendezvous Point......................................................................................................................... 575
Overriding Bootstrap Router Updates......................................................................................................................576
Configuring a Designated Router....................................................................................................................................576
Creating Multicast Boundaries and Domains.................................................................................................................576
Chapter 39: PIM Source-Specific Mode (PIM-SSM).......................................................................577
Implementation Information............................................................................................................................................. 577
Configure PIM-SMM.........................................................................................................................................................577
Enabling PIM-SSM............................................................................................................................................................578
Use PIM-SSM with IGMP Version 2 Hosts................................................................................................................... 578
Chapter 40: Port Monitoring.........................................................................................................581
Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................................... 581
Port Monitoring..................................................................................................................................................................581
Configuring Port Monitoring............................................................................................................................................583
Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring.................................................................................................................................... 584
Remote Port Mirroring..................................................................................................................................................... 585
Remote Port Mirroring Example................................................................................................................................585
Configuring Remote Port Mirroring.......................................................................................................................... 586
Displaying Remote-Port Mirroring Configurations.................................................................................................. 587
Configuring the Sample Remote Port Mirroring..................................................................................................... 588
Configuring the Encapsulated Remote Port Mirroring................................................................................................. 591
ERPM Behavior on a typical Dell Networking OS ........................................................................................................593
Chapter 41: Private VLANs (PVLAN)............................................................................................. 595
Private VLAN Concepts...................................................................................................................................................595
Using the Private VLAN Commands.............................................................................................................................. 596
Configuration Task List.....................................................................................................................................................597
Creating PVLAN ports................................................................................................................................................ 597
Creating a Primary VLAN........................................................................................................................................... 598
Creating a Community VLAN.................................................................................................................................... 598
Creating an Isolated VLAN.........................................................................................................................................599
Private VLAN Configuration Example............................................................................................................................ 600
Inspecting the Private VLAN Configuration................................................................................................................... 601
Chapter 42: Per-VLAN Spanning Tree Plus (PVST+)...................................................................... 603
Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................................................ 603
Implementation Information.............................................................................................................................................604
Configure Per-VLAN Spanning Tree Plus......................................................................................................................604
Enabling PVST+................................................................................................................................................................ 605
Disabling PVST+................................................................................................................................................................605
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Influencing PVST+ Root Selection................................................................................................................................. 605
Modifying Global PVST+ Parameters.............................................................................................................................607
Modifying Interface PVST+ Parameters........................................................................................................................607
Configuring an EdgePort..................................................................................................................................................608
PVST+ in Multi-Vendor Networks..................................................................................................................................609
Enabling PVST+ Extend System ID................................................................................................................................ 609
PVST+ Sample Configurations.........................................................................................................................................610
Chapter 43: Quality of Service (QoS)............................................................................................ 612
Implementation Information..............................................................................................................................................614
Port-Based QoS Configurations...................................................................................................................................... 614
Setting dot1p Priorities for Incoming Traffic.............................................................................................................614
Honoring dot1p Priorities on Ingress Traffic............................................................................................................. 615
Configuring Port-Based Rate Policing.......................................................................................................................615
Configuring Port-Based Rate Shaping......................................................................................................................615
Policy-Based QoS Configurations....................................................................................................................................616
Classify Traffic..............................................................................................................................................................616
Create a QoS Policy.....................................................................................................................................................619
Create Policy Maps......................................................................................................................................................621
DSCP Color Maps............................................................................................................................................................. 624
Creating a DSCP Color Map...................................................................................................................................... 624
Displaying DSCP Color Maps.....................................................................................................................................625
Displaying a DSCP Color Policy Configuration ....................................................................................................... 625
Enabling QoS Rate Adjustment....................................................................................................................................... 626
Enabling Strict-Priority Queueing....................................................................................................................................626
Weighted Random Early Detection.................................................................................................................................626
Creating WRED Profiles..............................................................................................................................................627
Applying a WRED Profile to Traffic...........................................................................................................................627
Displaying Default and Configured WRED Profiles................................................................................................. 628
Displaying WRED Drop Statistics.............................................................................................................................. 628
Pre-Calculating Available QoS CAM Space................................................................................................................... 628
Configuring Weights and ECN for WRED .....................................................................................................................629
Configuring WRED and ECN Attributes.........................................................................................................................630
Guidelines for Configuring ECN for Classifying and Color-Marking Packets.............................................................631
Sample configuration to mark non-ecn packets as “yellow” with Multiple traffic class.................................... 632
Classifying Incoming Packets Using ECN and Color-Marking...............................................................................632
Sample configuration to mark non-ecn packets as “yellow” with single traffic class........................................ 633
Applying Layer 2 Match Criteria on a Layer 3 Interface...............................................................................................634
Applying DSCP and VLAN Match Criteria on a Service Queue.................................................................................. 635
Classifying Incoming Packets Using ECN and Color-Marking.....................................................................................635
Guidelines for Configuring ECN for Classifying and Color-Marking Packets............................................................ 637
Sample configuration to mark non-ecn packets as “yellow” with Multiple traffic class.......................................... 637
Sample configuration to mark non-ecn packets as “yellow” with single traffic class.............................................. 638
Chapter 44: Routing Information Protocol (RIP)............................................................................ 640
Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................................................ 640
RIPv1............................................................................................................................................................................. 640
RIPv2............................................................................................................................................................................ 640
Implementation Information.............................................................................................................................................640
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