Dell PowerSwitch S4810P User guide

Dell Conguration Guide for the S4810 System

9.11(2.0P1)

Notes, cautions, and warnings

NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product.

CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.

WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.

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2017 - 05

Rev. A00

Contents

1 About this Guide...........................................................................................................................................34

Audience............................................................................................................................................................................34

Conventions......................................................................................................................................................................34

Related Documents......................................................................................................................................................... 34

2 Conguration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................ 35

Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................35

CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................35

Navigating CLI Modes............................................................................................................................................... 37

The do Command............................................................................................................................................................ 40

Undoing Commands........................................................................................................................................................ 40

Obtaining Help...................................................................................................................................................................41

Entering and Editing Commands.................................................................................................................................... 41

Command History............................................................................................................................................................ 42

Filtering show Command Outputs.................................................................................................................................42

Example of the grep Keyword.................................................................................................................................. 42

Multiple Users in Conguration Mode...........................................................................................................................43

3 Getting Started............................................................................................................................................44

Console Access................................................................................................................................................................45

Serial Console.............................................................................................................................................................45

Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH....................................................................................46

Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection..............................................................................................46

Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection........................................................................................46

Default Conguration.......................................................................................................................................................47

Conguring a Host Name................................................................................................................................................47

Accessing the System Remotely....................................................................................................................................47

Accessing the System Remotely..............................................................................................................................47

Congure the Management Port IP Address......................................................................................................... 47

Congure a Management Route..............................................................................................................................48

Conguring a Username and Password..................................................................................................................48

Conguring the Enable Password..................................................................................................................................48

Conguration File Management.....................................................................................................................................49

Copy Files to and from the System......................................................................................................................... 49

Mounting an NFS File System..................................................................................................................................50

Save the Running-Conguration.............................................................................................................................. 51

Congure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario............................................................................................... 52

Viewing Files...............................................................................................................................................................52

Compressing Conguration Files............................................................................................................................. 53

Managing the File System.............................................................................................................................................. 56

Enabling Software Features on Devices Using a Command Option......................................................................... 56

View Command History...................................................................................................................................................57

Contents

3

Upgrading Dell Networking OS.......................................................................................................................................57

Verify Software Images Before Installation...................................................................................................................57

Using HTTP for File Transfers........................................................................................................................................ 58

4 Management............................................................................................................................................... 60

Conguring Privilege Levels........................................................................................................................................... 60

Creating a Custom Privilege Level............................................................................................................................61

Removing a Command from EXEC Mode............................................................................................................... 61

Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode........................................................................ 61

Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands.....................................................................................61

Allowing Access to Dierent Modes........................................................................................................................ 61

Applying a Privilege Level to a Username............................................................................................................... 63

Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line.......................................................................................................... 63

Conguring Logging........................................................................................................................................................ 63

Audit and Security Logs............................................................................................................................................ 64

Conguring Logging Format ...................................................................................................................................66

Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration..................................................................................66

Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server.............................................................................................67

Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server......................................................................................................68

Track Login Activity......................................................................................................................................................... 68

Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity...................................................................................................................68

Conguring Login Activity Tracking......................................................................................................................... 68

Display Login Statistics..............................................................................................................................................69

Limit Concurrent Login Sessions....................................................................................................................................70

Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions.............................................................................70

Conguring Concurrent Session Limit......................................................................................................................71

Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions..................................................................................................... 71

Enabling Secured CLI Mode............................................................................................................................................72

Log Messages in the Internal Buer..............................................................................................................................72

Conguration Task List for System Log Management.......................................................................................... 72

Disabling System Logging............................................................................................................................................... 72

Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................ 73

Conguring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.....................................................................................................73

Changing System Logging Settings...............................................................................................................................73

Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration........................................................................................ 74

Conguring a UNIX Logging Facility Level....................................................................................................................75

Synchronizing Log Messages......................................................................................................................................... 76

Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages.................................................................................................................... 76

File Transfer Services.......................................................................................................................................................77

Conguration Task List for File Transfer Services.................................................................................................. 77

Enabling the FTP Server........................................................................................................................................... 77

Conguring FTP Server Parameters........................................................................................................................77

Conguring FTP Client Parameters......................................................................................................................... 78

Terminal Lines................................................................................................................................................................... 78

Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line................................................................................................79

Conguring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines.............................................................................................80

4

Contents

Setting Timeout for EXEC Privilege Mode....................................................................................................................81

Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device...........................................................................................................81

Lock CONFIGURATION Mode....................................................................................................................................... 82

Viewing the Conguration Lock Status...................................................................................................................82

Recovering from a Forgotten Password....................................................................................................................... 82

Recovering from a Forgotten Enable Password.....................................................................................................83

Recovering from a Failed Start.......................................................................................................................................84

Restoring the Factory Default Settings.........................................................................................................................84

Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................85

Restoring Factory Default Environment Variables................................................................................................. 85

5 802.1X..........................................................................................................................................................87

Port-Authentication Process..........................................................................................................................................89

EAP over RADIUS......................................................................................................................................................89

Conguring 802.1X...........................................................................................................................................................90

Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 90

Important Points to Remember......................................................................................................................................90

Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................. 91

Conguring MAC addresses for a do1x Prole.............................................................................................................92

Conguring Request Identity Re-Transmissions...........................................................................................................93

Conguring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication..................................................................................... 93

Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port............................................................................................................... 94

Re-Authenticating a Port................................................................................................................................................95

Conguring Timeouts......................................................................................................................................................96

Conguring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication...........................................................................97

Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs.......................................................................................................................... 98

Conguring a Guest VLAN....................................................................................................................................... 98

Conguring an Authentication-Fail VLAN...............................................................................................................98

Conguring dot1x Prole ................................................................................................................................................99

Conguring the Static MAB and MAB Prole ........................................................................................................... 100

Conguring Critical VLAN .............................................................................................................................................101

6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM).................................. 102

Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs................................................................. 102

Guidelines for Conguring ACL VLAN Groups........................................................................................................... 103

Conguring ACL VLAN Groups and Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters...............................................103

Conguring ACL VLAN Groups.............................................................................................................................. 103

Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters.......................................................................................................104

Viewing CAM Usage...................................................................................................................................................... 105

Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes.................................................................................................................. 106

7 Access Control Lists (ACLs)....................................................................................................................... 108

IP Access Control Lists (ACLs).....................................................................................................................................109

CAM Usage................................................................................................................................................................110

Implementing ACLs on Dell Networking OS.......................................................................................................... 110

Important Points to Remember.....................................................................................................................................112

Contents

5

Conguration Task List for Route Maps.................................................................................................................112

Conguring Match Routes.......................................................................................................................................114

Conguring Set Conditions......................................................................................................................................115

Congure a Route Map for Route Redistribution..................................................................................................116

Congure a Route Map for Route Tagging............................................................................................................ 117

Continue Clause.........................................................................................................................................................117

IP Fragment Handling..................................................................................................................................................... 118

IP Fragments ACL Examples................................................................................................................................... 118

Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples................................................................................................................................... 118

Congure a Standard IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................119

Conguring a Standard IP ACL Filter..................................................................................................................... 120

Congure an Extended IP ACL......................................................................................................................................121

Conguring Filters with a Sequence Number........................................................................................................121

Conguring Filters Without a Sequence Number.................................................................................................122

Congure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs............................................................................................................................123

Assign an IP ACL to an Interface..................................................................................................................................124

Applying an IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................................124

Counting ACL Hits....................................................................................................................................................125

Congure Ingress ACLs................................................................................................................................................. 125

Congure Egress ACLs..................................................................................................................................................125

Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane).................................................................................................... 126

IP Prex Lists...................................................................................................................................................................127

Implementation Information.....................................................................................................................................127

Conguration Task List for Prex Lists.................................................................................................................. 127

ACL Resequencing..........................................................................................................................................................131

Resequencing an ACL or Prex List........................................................................................................................131

Route Maps.....................................................................................................................................................................133

Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 133

Logging of ACL Processes............................................................................................................................................ 133

Guidelines for Conguring ACL Logging................................................................................................................134

Conguring ACL Logging.........................................................................................................................................134

Flow-Based Monitoring Support for ACLs.................................................................................................................. 135

Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring.......................................................................................................................135

Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring............................................................................................................................136

8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD).................................................................................................. 138

How BFD Works............................................................................................................................................................. 138

BFD Packet Format..................................................................................................................................................139

BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................ 140

BFD Three-Way Handshake.....................................................................................................................................141

Session State Changes............................................................................................................................................143

Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................... 143

Congure BFD................................................................................................................................................................ 143

Congure BFD for Physical Ports...........................................................................................................................144

Congure BFD for Static Routes............................................................................................................................145

Congure BFD for OSPF.........................................................................................................................................148

6

Contents

Congure BFD for OSPFv3......................................................................................................................................151

Congure BFD for IS-IS...........................................................................................................................................152

Congure BFD for BGP...........................................................................................................................................154

Congure BFD for VRRP......................................................................................................................................... 161

Conguring Protocol Liveness................................................................................................................................ 164

Troubleshooting BFD................................................................................................................................................164

Establishing Sessions for Static Routes................................................................................................................ 165

9 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4).................................................................................................... 168

Autonomous Systems (AS)...........................................................................................................................................168

Sessions and Peers.........................................................................................................................................................170

Establish a Session................................................................................................................................................... 170

Route Reectors..............................................................................................................................................................171

BGP Attributes................................................................................................................................................................172

Best Path Selection Criteria.................................................................................................................................... 172

Weight........................................................................................................................................................................ 174

Local Preference....................................................................................................................................................... 174

Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)...........................................................................................................................175

Origin..........................................................................................................................................................................176

AS Path...................................................................................................................................................................... 177

Next Hop....................................................................................................................................................................177

Multiprotocol BGP.......................................................................................................................................................... 177

Implement BGP with Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................178

Additional Path (Add-Path) Support...................................................................................................................... 178

Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes.........................................................................................178

Ignore Router-ID in Best-Path Calculation............................................................................................................ 179

Four-Byte AS Numbers............................................................................................................................................179

AS4 Number Representation.................................................................................................................................. 179

AS Number Migration............................................................................................................................................... 181

BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)........................................................................................................182

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 182

Conguration Information..............................................................................................................................................183

BGP Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 183

Enabling BGP............................................................................................................................................................ 184

Conguring AS4 Number Representations........................................................................................................... 187

Conguring Peer Groups.........................................................................................................................................189

Conguring BGP Fast Fall-Over..............................................................................................................................191

Conguring Passive Peering................................................................................................................................... 193

Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration................................................................................. 193

Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path....................................................................................... 194

Enabling Graceful Restart....................................................................................................................................... 195

Enabling Neighbor Graceful Restart...................................................................................................................... 196

Enabling or disabling BGP neighbors..................................................................................................................... 196

Filtering on an AS-Path Attribute........................................................................................................................... 198

Regular Expressions as Filters.................................................................................................................................199

Redistributing Routes..............................................................................................................................................200

Contents

7

Enabling Additional Paths........................................................................................................................................ 201

Conguring IP Community Lists............................................................................................................................. 201

Conguring an IP Extended Community List....................................................................................................... 202

Filtering Routes with Community Lists................................................................................................................. 203

Manipulating the COMMUNITY Attribute............................................................................................................204

Changing MED Attributes.......................................................................................................................................205

Changing the LOCAL_PREFERENCE Attribute..................................................................................................206

Conguring the local System or a Dierent System to be the Next Hop for BGP-Learned Routes............ 206

Changing the WEIGHT Attribute........................................................................................................................... 207

Enabling Multipath................................................................................................................................................... 207

Filtering BGP Routes...............................................................................................................................................208

Filtering BGP Routes Using Route Maps..............................................................................................................209

Filtering BGP Routes Using AS-PATH Information.............................................................................................. 210

Conguring BGP Route Reectors........................................................................................................................ 210

Aggregating Routes.................................................................................................................................................. 211

Conguring BGP Confederations............................................................................................................................211

Enabling Route Flap Dampening.............................................................................................................................212

Changing BGP Timers..............................................................................................................................................214

Enabling BGP Neighbor Soft-Reconguration..................................................................................................... 215

Enabling or disabling BGP neighbors..................................................................................................................... 216

Route Map Continue................................................................................................................................................ 217

Enabling MBGP Congurations.................................................................................................................................... 217

Congure IPv6 NH Automatically for IPv6 Prex Advertised over IPv4 Neighbor.......................................... 218

BGP Regular Expression Optimization.........................................................................................................................218

Debugging BGP.............................................................................................................................................................. 219

Storing Last and Bad PDUs.....................................................................................................................................219

Capturing PDUs....................................................................................................................................................... 220

PDU Counters...........................................................................................................................................................221

Sample Congurations.................................................................................................................................................. 222

10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM).......................................................................................................228

CAM Allocation...............................................................................................................................................................228

Test CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................230

View CAM-ACL Settings.............................................................................................................................................. 230

View CAM Usage...........................................................................................................................................................232

CAM Optimization......................................................................................................................................................... 232

Troubleshoot CAM Proling..........................................................................................................................................232

QoS CAM Region Limitation...................................................................................................................................232

11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP).................................................................................................................. 234

Congure Control Plane Policing................................................................................................................................. 235

Conguring CoPP for Protocols............................................................................................................................ 236

Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues...................................................................................................................... 238

CoPP for OSPFv3 Packets.....................................................................................................................................239

Conguring CoPP for OSPFv3.............................................................................................................................. 242

Displaying CoPP Conguration ............................................................................................................................. 242

8

Contents

12 Data Center Bridging (DCB)..................................................................................................................... 245

Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging..................................................................................................... 245

Priority-Based Flow Control................................................................................................................................... 246

Enhanced Transmission Selection..........................................................................................................................247

Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx)...............................................................................................248

Data Center Bridging in a Trac Flow...................................................................................................................249

Enabling Data Center Bridging..................................................................................................................................... 249

DCB Maps and its Attributes................................................................................................................................. 250

QoS dot1p Trac Classication and Queue Assignment...........................................................................................251

Data Center Bridging: Default Conguration..............................................................................................................252

Conguring Priority-Based Flow Control....................................................................................................................252

Conguring Lossless Queues................................................................................................................................. 253

Conguring PFC in a DCB Map................................................................................................................................... 254

PFC Conguration Notes........................................................................................................................................254

PFC Prerequisites and Restrictions.......................................................................................................................255

Applying a DCB Map on a Port....................................................................................................................................255

Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buer Method................................................................................... 256

Pause and Resume of Trac..................................................................................................................................256

Buer Sizes for Lossless or PFC Packets............................................................................................................ 256

Conguring PFC without a DCB Map.........................................................................................................................257

Conguring Lossless QueuesExample:..................................................................................................................257

Behavior of Tagged Packets.........................................................................................................................................259

Conguration Example for DSCP and PFC Priorities................................................................................................259

Using PFC to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac.................................................................................................. 260

Congure Enhanced Transmission Selection............................................................................................................. 260

ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions....................................................................................................................... 260

Creating an ETS Priority Group.............................................................................................................................. 261

ETS Operation with DCBx......................................................................................................................................262

Conguring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN.................................................................................................262

Conguring ETS in a DCB Map..............................................................................................................................263

Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies................................................................................................... 264

Using ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac.............................................................................................265

Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack.................................................................................................................... 265

Congure a DCBx Operation........................................................................................................................................265

DCBx Operation.......................................................................................................................................................266

DCBx Port Roles......................................................................................................................................................266

DCB Conguration Exchange.................................................................................................................................267

Conguration Source Election................................................................................................................................268

Propagation of DCB Information............................................................................................................................268

Auto-Detection and Manual Conguration of the DCBx Version...................................................................... 268

DCBx Example......................................................................................................................................................... 269

DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions.....................................................................................................................269

Conguring DCBx.................................................................................................................................................... 270

Verifying the DCB Conguration..................................................................................................................................273

QoS dot1p Trac Classication and Queue Assignment.......................................................................................... 282

Contents

9

Conguring the Dynamic Buer Method....................................................................................................................283

Sample DCB Conguration...........................................................................................................................................284

PFC and ETS Conguration Command Examples...............................................................................................286

13 Dynamic Host Conguration Protocol (DHCP)......................................................................................... 287

DHCP Packet Format and Options..............................................................................................................................287

Assign an IP Address using DHCP...............................................................................................................................289

Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 290

Congure the System to be a DHCP Server............................................................................................................. 290

Conguring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation.................................................................................. 291

Specifying a Default Gateway................................................................................................................................ 292

Congure a Method of Hostname Resolution..................................................................................................... 292

Using DNS for Address Resolution........................................................................................................................292

Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution..................................................................................................... 293

Creating Manual Binding Entries............................................................................................................................293

Debugging the DHCP Server................................................................................................................................. 293

Using DHCP Clear Commands.............................................................................................................................. 294

Congure the System to be a Relay Agent................................................................................................................ 294

Congure the System to be a DHCP Client...............................................................................................................296

Conguring the DHCP Client System...................................................................................................................296

DHCP Client on a Management Interface............................................................................................................ 297

DHCP Client Operation with Other Features.......................................................................................................298

Congure the System for User Port Stacking (Option 230)................................................................................... 299

Congure Secure DHCP...............................................................................................................................................299

Option 82..................................................................................................................................................................299

DHCP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................................300

Conguring the DHCP secondary-subnet............................................................................................................303

Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only....................................................................................................304

Dynamic ARP Inspection........................................................................................................................................ 304

Conguring Dynamic ARP Inspection...................................................................................................................305

Source Address Validation............................................................................................................................................ 306

Enabling IP Source Address Validation..................................................................................................................306

DHCP MAC Source Address Validation................................................................................................................ 307

Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation.......................................................................................................307

Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets................................................................................................... 308

Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets...................................................................................................308

14 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)................................................................................................................309

Conguring the Hash Algorithm.................................................................................................................................. 309

Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop.................................................................................................................... 309

Conguring the Hash Algorithm Seed........................................................................................................................ 309

Link Bundle Monitoring.................................................................................................................................................. 310

Managing ECMP Group Paths................................................................................................................................310

Creating an ECMP Group Bundle............................................................................................................................311

Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold.................................................................................................................. 311

10

Contents

15 FIP Snooping............................................................................................................................................ 313

Fibre Channel over Ethernet.........................................................................................................................................313

Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network.............................................................................................313

FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges...............................................................................................................................315

FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack....................................................................................................................................317

Using FIP Snooping........................................................................................................................................................ 317

FIP Snooping Prerequisites......................................................................................................................................317

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 317

Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature.........................................................................................................................318

Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs............................................................................................................................. 319

Congure the FC-MAP Value................................................................................................................................. 319

Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link........................................................................................................319

Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link............................................................................................................319

Impact on Other Software Features...................................................................................................................... 319

FIP Snooping Restrictions...................................................................................................................................... 320

Conguring FIP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................320

Displaying FIP Snooping Information............................................................................................................................321

FCoE Transit Conguration Example...........................................................................................................................326

16 FIPS Cryptography...................................................................................................................................328

Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................................... 328

Preparing the System....................................................................................................................................................328

Enabling FIPS Mode...................................................................................................................................................... 329

Generating Host-Keys...................................................................................................................................................329

Monitoring FIPS Mode Status......................................................................................................................................329

Disabling FIPS Mode..................................................................................................................................................... 330

17 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)....................................................................................................331

Protocol Overview..........................................................................................................................................................331

Ring Status............................................................................................................................................................... 332

Multiple FRRP Rings................................................................................................................................................332

Important FRRP Points...........................................................................................................................................333

Important FRRP Concepts..................................................................................................................................... 334

Implementing FRRP.......................................................................................................................................................335

FRRP Conguration...................................................................................................................................................... 335

Creating the FRRP Group.......................................................................................................................................335

Conguring the Control VLAN...............................................................................................................................336

Conguring and Adding the Member VLANs.......................................................................................................337

Setting the FRRP Timers........................................................................................................................................338

Clearing the FRRP Counters..................................................................................................................................338

Viewing the FRRP Conguration...........................................................................................................................338

Viewing the FRRP Information...............................................................................................................................338

Troubleshooting FRRP.................................................................................................................................................. 339

Conguration Checks..............................................................................................................................................339

Sample Conguration and Topology............................................................................................................................339

Contents

11

FRRP Support on VLT...................................................................................................................................................340

Example Scenario..................................................................................................................................................... 341

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................342

18 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)..............................................................................................343

Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................................343

Congure GVRP............................................................................................................................................................ 344

Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 344

Enabling GVRP Globally................................................................................................................................................ 345

Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface........................................................................................................................345

Congure GVRP Registration...................................................................................................................................... 345

Congure a GARP Timer.............................................................................................................................................. 346

RPM Redundancy..........................................................................................................................................................346

19 High Availability (HA)............................................................................................................................... 348

Component Redundancy.............................................................................................................................................. 348

Automatic and Manual Stack Unit Failover.......................................................................................................... 348

Synchronization between Management and Standby Units..............................................................................349

Forcing a Stack Unit Failover................................................................................................................................. 349

Specifying an Auto-Failover Limit..........................................................................................................................350

Disabling Auto-Reboot............................................................................................................................................ 350

Manually Synchronizing Management and Standby Units.................................................................................350

Pre-Conguring a Stack Unit Slot...............................................................................................................................350

Removing a Provisioned Logical Stack Unit................................................................................................................ 351

Hitless Behavior.............................................................................................................................................................. 351

Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................................. 351

Software Resiliency....................................................................................................................................................... 352

Software Component Health Monitoring............................................................................................................. 352

System Health Monitoring......................................................................................................................................352

Failure and Event Logging.......................................................................................................................................352

Hot-Lock Behavior.........................................................................................................................................................353

20 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP).........................................................................................354

IGMP Implementation Information.............................................................................................................................. 354

IGMP Protocol Overview..............................................................................................................................................354

IGMP Version 2........................................................................................................................................................ 354

IGMP Version 3........................................................................................................................................................356

Congure IGMP............................................................................................................................................................. 359

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................359

Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces...............................................................................................................................360

Selecting an IGMP Version...........................................................................................................................................360

Viewing IGMP Groups...................................................................................................................................................360

Adjusting Timers............................................................................................................................................................. 361

Adjusting Query and Response Timers..................................................................................................................361

Preventing a Host from Joining a Group.................................................................................................................... 362

Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave................................................................................................................................ 365

12

Contents

IGMP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................................365

IGMP Snooping Implementation Information.......................................................................................................365

Conguring IGMP Snooping.................................................................................................................................. 365

Removing a Group-Port Association.....................................................................................................................366

Disabling Multicast Flooding...................................................................................................................................366

Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router.......................................................................................367

Conguring the Switch as Querier.........................................................................................................................367

Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes...................................................................................................368

Egress Interface Selection (EIS) for HTTP and IGMP Applications........................................................................368

Protocol Separation.................................................................................................................................................368

Enabling and Disabling Management Egress Interface Selection...................................................................... 369

Handling of Management Route Conguration................................................................................................... 370

Handling of Switch-Initiated Trac........................................................................................................................ 371

Handling of Switch-Destined Trac.......................................................................................................................371

Handling of Transit Trac (Trac Separation).....................................................................................................372

Mapping of Management Applications and Trac Type..................................................................................... 372

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Initiated Trac ............................................................................ 373

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Destined Trac ...........................................................................374

Interworking of EIS With Various Applications..................................................................................................... 375

Designating a Multicast Router Interface................................................................................................................... 375

21 Interfaces................................................................................................................................................. 377

Basic Interface Conguration....................................................................................................................................... 377

Advanced Interface Conguration............................................................................................................................... 377

Interface Types............................................................................................................................................................... 378

View Basic Interface Information................................................................................................................................. 378

Resetting an Interface to its Factory Default State...................................................................................................380

Enabling a Physical Interface........................................................................................................................................380

Physical Interfaces..........................................................................................................................................................381

Conguration Task List for Physical Interfaces.....................................................................................................381

Overview of Layer Modes....................................................................................................................................... 381

Conguring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode..................................................................................................................382

Conguring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode...................................................................................................................382

Conguring Layer 3 (Network) Mode...................................................................................................................382

Conguring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode.................................................................................................................. 383

Egress Interface Selection (EIS)..................................................................................................................................384

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 384

Conguring EIS........................................................................................................................................................ 384

Management Interfaces................................................................................................................................................385

Conguring Management Interfaces.................................................................................................................... 385

Conguring a Management Interface on an Ethernet Port............................................................................... 386

VLAN Interfaces.............................................................................................................................................................387

Loopback Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................388

Null Interfaces................................................................................................................................................................ 388

Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................................................388

Port Channel Denition and Standards.................................................................................................................389

Contents

13

Port Channel Benets.............................................................................................................................................389

Port Channel Implementation.................................................................................................................................389

Interfaces in Port Channels.................................................................................................................................... 390

Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces.................................................................................................390

Creating a Port Channel......................................................................................................................................... 390

Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel..................................................................................................... 391

Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel................................................................................................392

Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel.............................................................................. 393

Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN............................................................................................. 393

Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel.......................................................................................................... 394

Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel.....................................................................................................................395

Load Balancing Through Port Channels............................................................................................................... 395

Changing the Hash Algorithm................................................................................................................................395

Bulk Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 396

Interface Range....................................................................................................................................................... 396

Bulk Conguration Examples..................................................................................................................................397

Dening Interface Range Macros................................................................................................................................ 398

Dene the Interface Range.................................................................................................................................... 398

Choosing an Interface-Range Macro....................................................................................................................399

Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces....................................................................................................................... 399

Maintenance Using TDR.........................................................................................................................................400

Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports........................................................................................................................... 400

Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port...................................................................................401

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 402

Example Scenarios...................................................................................................................................................402

Conguring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics................................................................................................405

Link Dampening............................................................................................................................................................. 406

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 406

Enabling Link Dampening........................................................................................................................................406

Link Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................................................. 408

Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control........................................................................................................ 408

Enabling Pause Frames...........................................................................................................................................409

Congure the MTU Size on an Interface....................................................................................................................409

Port-Pipes....................................................................................................................................................................... 410

Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces....................................................................................................................410

Setting the Speed of Ethernet Interfaces..............................................................................................................411

Set Auto-Negotiation Options................................................................................................................................ 412

View Advanced Interface Information..........................................................................................................................413

Conguring the Interface Sampling Size............................................................................................................... 413

Conguring the Trac Sampling Size Globally..................................................................................................... 414

Dynamic Counters.......................................................................................................................................................... 416

Clearing Interface Counters.................................................................................................................................... 416

22 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)........................................................................................................... 418

Conguring IPSec ..........................................................................................................................................................418

14

Contents

23 IPv4 Routing............................................................................................................................................420

IP Addresses....................................................................................................................................................................421

Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 421

Conguration Tasks for IP Addresses.......................................................................................................................... 421

Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface........................................................................................................................421

Conguring Static Routes.............................................................................................................................................422

Congure Static Routes for the Management Interface.......................................................................................... 423

IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview...........................................................................................................................424

Using the Congured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages..................................................................................424

Conguring the ICMP Source Interface................................................................................................................424

Conguring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection........................................................................................ 425

Enabling Directed Broadcast........................................................................................................................................ 425

Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................................................425

Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................426

Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains................................................................................... 426

Conguring DNS with Traceroute................................................................................................................................427

ARP..................................................................................................................................................................................427

Conguration Tasks for ARP........................................................................................................................................ 428

Conguring Static ARP Entries....................................................................................................................................428

Enabling Proxy ARP.......................................................................................................................................................428

Clearing ARP Cache......................................................................................................................................................429

ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................................429

Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................429

ARP Learning via ARP Request................................................................................................................................... 429

Conguring ARP Retries...............................................................................................................................................430

ICMP................................................................................................................................................................................ 431

Conguration Tasks for ICMP.......................................................................................................................................431

Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages....................................................................................................................... 431

UDP Helper......................................................................................................................................................................431

Congure UDP Helper............................................................................................................................................. 431

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................432

Enabling UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................432

Congurations Using UDP Helper............................................................................................................................... 432

UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses.................................................................................................................432

UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses.........................................................................................................433

UDP Helper with Congured Broadcast Addresses.................................................................................................. 434

UDP Helper with No Congured Broadcast Addresses............................................................................................434

Troubleshooting UDP Helper........................................................................................................................................ 434

24 IPv6 Routing............................................................................................................................................ 436

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................436

Extended Address Space........................................................................................................................................437

Stateless Autoconguration....................................................................................................................................437

IPv6 Headers............................................................................................................................................................ 437

IPv6 Header Fields...................................................................................................................................................438

Contents

15

Extension Header Fields..........................................................................................................................................440

Addressing.................................................................................................................................................................441

Implementing IPv6 with Dell Networking OS............................................................................................................. 442

ICMPv6...........................................................................................................................................................................443

Path MTU Discovery..................................................................................................................................................... 444

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery.............................................................................................................................................. 444

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets...........................................................................................................445

Conguration Task List for IPv6 RDNSS.................................................................................................................... 445

Conguring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server....................................................................................................... 445

Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host .....................................................................................446

Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information......................................................................................................................447

Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport.............................................................................................................. 447

Conguration Tasks for IPv6........................................................................................................................................ 448

Adjusting Your CAM-Prole....................................................................................................................................448

Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface...........................................................................................................449

Assigning a Static IPv6 Route................................................................................................................................449

Conguring Telnet with IPv6..................................................................................................................................450

SNMP over IPv6......................................................................................................................................................450

Displaying IPv6 Information....................................................................................................................................450

Displaying an IPv6 Interface Information............................................................................................................... 451

Showing IPv6 Routes...............................................................................................................................................451

Showing the Running-Conguration for an Interface.........................................................................................453

Clearing IPv6 Routes...............................................................................................................................................453

Disabling ND Entry Timeout................................................................................................................................... 453

Conguring IPv6 RA Guard.......................................................................................................................................... 454

Conguring IPv6 RA Guard on an Interface.........................................................................................................455

Monitoring IPv6 RA Guard..................................................................................................................................... 456

25 iSCSI Optimization...................................................................................................................................457

iSCSI Optimization Overview....................................................................................................................................... 457

Monitoring iSCSI Trac Flows...............................................................................................................................459

Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Trac Flows..................................................................................... 459

Information Monitored in iSCSI Trac Flows.......................................................................................................459

Detection and Auto-Conguration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays...........................................................................460

Conguring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays.............................................................................460

Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer..................................................................461

Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization..................................................................................................................461

Default iSCSI Optimization Values...............................................................................................................................462

iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites................................................................................................................................. 462

Conguring iSCSI Optimization....................................................................................................................................462

Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information..................................................................................................................464

26 Intermediate System to Intermediate System.......................................................................................... 466

IS-IS Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................................... 466

IS-IS Addressing.............................................................................................................................................................466

Multi-Topology IS-IS.......................................................................................................................................................467

16

Contents

Transition Mode........................................................................................................................................................467

Interface Support.....................................................................................................................................................468

Adjacencies...............................................................................................................................................................468

Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................................................468

Timers....................................................................................................................................................................... 468

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................468

Conguration Information.............................................................................................................................................469

Conguration Tasks for IS-IS..................................................................................................................................470

Conguring the Distance of a Route..................................................................................................................... 477

Changing the IS-Type.............................................................................................................................................. 478

Redistributing IPv4 Routes.....................................................................................................................................480

Redistributing IPv6 Routes......................................................................................................................................481

Conguring Authentication Passwords.................................................................................................................482

Setting the Overload Bit......................................................................................................................................... 482

Debugging IS-IS....................................................................................................................................................... 483

IS-IS Metric Styles.........................................................................................................................................................484

Congure Metric Values................................................................................................................................................484

Maximum Values in the Routing Table.................................................................................................................. 484

Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only................................................................................................484

Leaks from One Level to Another..........................................................................................................................486

Sample Congurations.................................................................................................................................................. 487

27 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)...............................................................................................489

Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP.................................................................................................................. 489

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 489

LACP Modes............................................................................................................................................................ 490

Conguring LACP Commands...............................................................................................................................490

LACP Conguration Tasks.............................................................................................................................................491

Creating a LAG......................................................................................................................................................... 491

Conguring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic.........................................................................................................491

Setting the LACP Long Timeout............................................................................................................................492

Monitoring and Debugging LACP..........................................................................................................................492

Shared LAG State Tracking.......................................................................................................................................... 493

Conguring Shared LAG State Tracking............................................................................................................... 493

Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking...........................................................................................495

LACP Basic Conguration Example............................................................................................................................ 495

Congure a LAG on ALPHA................................................................................................................................... 495

28 Layer 2.................................................................................................................................................... 504

Manage the MAC Address Table................................................................................................................................. 504

Clearing the MAC Address Table...........................................................................................................................504

Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries........................................................................................................504

Conguring a Static MAC Address....................................................................................................................... 505

Displaying the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................505

MAC Learning Limit.......................................................................................................................................................505

Setting the MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................ 506

Contents

17

mac learning-limit Dynamic.................................................................................................................................... 506

mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky................................................................................................................. 506

mac learning-limit station-move.............................................................................................................................507

mac learning-limit no-station-move.......................................................................................................................507

Learning Limit Violation Actions............................................................................................................................. 507

Setting Station Move Violation Actions................................................................................................................ 508

Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations...........................................................................508

Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System................................................................................................ 509

NIC Teaming...................................................................................................................................................................509

Congure Redundant Pairs........................................................................................................................................... 510

Important Points about Conguring Redundant Pairs......................................................................................... 512

Far-End Failure Detection..............................................................................................................................................513

FEFD State Changes................................................................................................................................................514

Conguring FEFD.....................................................................................................................................................515

Enabling FEFD on an Interface............................................................................................................................... 515

Debugging FEFD.......................................................................................................................................................516

29 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)......................................................................................................518

802.1AB (LLDP) Overview............................................................................................................................................ 518

Protocol Data Units.................................................................................................................................................. 518

Optional TLVs..................................................................................................................................................................519

Management TLVs................................................................................................................................................... 519

TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview................................................................................................................................. 521

TIA Organizationally Specic TLVs.........................................................................................................................521

Congure LLDP............................................................................................................................................................. 525

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................525

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 525

LLDP Compatibility..................................................................................................................................................526

CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Congurations............................................................................................ 526

Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................................................526

Disabling and Undoing LLDP.................................................................................................................................. 527

Enabling LLDP on Management Ports........................................................................................................................ 527

Disabling and Undoing LLDP on Management Ports.......................................................................................... 527

Advertising TLVs............................................................................................................................................................ 527

Viewing the LLDP Conguration................................................................................................................................. 529

Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents..................................................................................... 529

Conguring LLDPDU Intervals.....................................................................................................................................530

Conguring Transmit and Receive Mode.................................................................................................................... 531

Conguring the Time to Live Value.............................................................................................................................. 531

Debugging LLDP............................................................................................................................................................532

Relevant Management Objects................................................................................................................................... 533

30 Microsoft Network Load Balancing.......................................................................................................... 538

NLB Unicast Mode Scenario........................................................................................................................................538

NLB Multicast Mode Scenario.....................................................................................................................................538

Limitations of the NLB Feature....................................................................................................................................539

18

Contents

Microsoft Clustering......................................................................................................................................................539

Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding ............................................................................................................................ 539

Conguring a Switch for NLB .....................................................................................................................................539

Enabling a Switch for Multicast NLB.................................................................................................................... 540

31 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP).......................................................................................... 541

Protocol Overview..........................................................................................................................................................541

Anycast RP.....................................................................................................................................................................542

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................543

Congure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol........................................................................................................543

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................543

Enable MSDP................................................................................................................................................................. 547

Manage the Source-Active Cache.............................................................................................................................. 548

Viewing the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................548

Limiting the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................548

Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................549

Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache....................................................................................................... 549

Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check......................................................................................549

Specifying Source-Active Messages...........................................................................................................................552

Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer...................................................................................................553

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source.......................................................................................................553

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source.................................................................................................. 554

Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source................................................................................................. 554

Logging Changes in Peership States.......................................................................................................................... 555

Terminating a Peership..................................................................................................................................................555

Clearing Peer Statistics.................................................................................................................................................556

Debugging MSDP..........................................................................................................................................................556

MSDP with Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................557

Conguring Anycast RP............................................................................................................................................... 558

Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding........................................................................................................ 559

Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages..............................................................................................559

MSDP Sample Congurations...................................................................................................................................... 561

32 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)................................................................................................ 564

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................564

Spanning Tree Variations.............................................................................................................................................. 565

Implementation Information................................................................................................................................... 565

Congure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol................................................................................................................565

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................566

Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally...................................................................................................................... 566

Adding and Removing Interfaces.................................................................................................................................566

Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances................................................................................................................ 567

Inuencing MSTP Root Selection................................................................................................................................568

Interoperate with Non-Dell Bridges.............................................................................................................................568

Changing the Region Name or Revision.....................................................................................................................569

Modifying Global Parameters.......................................................................................................................................569

Contents

19

Modifying the Interface Parameters............................................................................................................................570

Conguring an EdgePort............................................................................................................................................... 571

Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change........................................................................................................572

MSTP Sample Congurations...................................................................................................................................... 572

Router 1 Running-CongurationRouter 2 Running-CongurationRouter 3 Running-

CongurationSFTOS Example Running-Conguration....................................................................................... 573

Debugging and Verifying MSTP Congurations........................................................................................................ 576

33 Multicast Features................................................................................................................................... 578

Enabling IP Multicast.....................................................................................................................................................578

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................578

Multicast Policies........................................................................................................................................................... 579

IPv4 Multicast Policies............................................................................................................................................ 579

Understanding Multicast Traceroute (mtrace).......................................................................................................... 586

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................587

Printing Multicast Traceroute (mtrace) Paths............................................................................................................587

Supported Error Codes.................................................................................................................................................588

mtrace Scenarios...........................................................................................................................................................589

34 Object Tracking....................................................................................................................................... 595

Object Tracking Overview............................................................................................................................................ 595

Track Layer 2 Interfaces......................................................................................................................................... 596

Track Layer 3 Interfaces......................................................................................................................................... 596

Track IPv4 and IPv6 Routes................................................................................................................................... 597

Set Tracking Delays................................................................................................................................................. 598

VRRP Object Tracking............................................................................................................................................ 598

Object Tracking Conguration..................................................................................................................................... 598

Tracking a Layer 2 Interface................................................................................................................................... 598

Tracking a Layer 3 Interface................................................................................................................................... 599

Track an IPv4/IPv6 Route.......................................................................................................................................601

Displaying Tracked Objects...........................................................................................................................................604

35 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3)................................................................................... 606

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................606

Autonomous System (AS) Areas........................................................................................................................... 606

Area Types................................................................................................................................................................ 607

Networks and Neighbors........................................................................................................................................608

Router Types............................................................................................................................................................ 608

Designated and Backup Designated Routers........................................................................................................610

Link-State Advertisements (LSAs).........................................................................................................................610

Router Priority and Cost.......................................................................................................................................... 611

OSPF with Dell Networking OS....................................................................................................................................612

Graceful Restart....................................................................................................................................................... 613

Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only)...............................................................................................................614

Multi-Process OSPFv2 with VRF...........................................................................................................................614

OSPF ACK Packing.................................................................................................................................................. 614

20

Contents

Dell PowerSwitch S4810P User guide

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