Dell C9010 Modular Chassis Switch User guide

Dell Networking Configuration Guide for the

C9000 Series

Version 9.10(0.1)

Notes, Cautions, and Warnings

NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your computer.

CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the

problem.

WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.

Dell

™

and the Dell logo are trademarks of Dell Inc. in the United States and/or other jurisdictions. All other marks and names mentioned herein

may be trademarks of their respective companies.

2016 - 05

Rev. A00

Contents

1 About this Guide.................................................................................................................................................... 33

Audience.....................................................................................................................................................................33

Conventions.............................................................................................................................................................. 33

Related Documents................................................................................................................................................. 33

2 Configuration Fundamentals..............................................................................................................................34

Accessing the Command Line...............................................................................................................................34

CLI Modes.................................................................................................................................................................. 34

Navigating CLI Modes........................................................................................................................................36

The do Command....................................................................................................................................................39

Undoing Commands............................................................................................................................................... 39

Obtaining Help..........................................................................................................................................................40

Entering and Editing Commands..........................................................................................................................40

Command History.................................................................................................................................................... 41

Filtering show Command Outputs....................................................................................................................... 41

Multiple Users in Configuration Mode.................................................................................................................43

3 Getting Started...................................................................................................................................................... 44

Console Access........................................................................................................................................................ 44

Serial Console......................................................................................................................................................45

Mounting an NFS File System................................................................................................................................ 46

Important Points to Remember...................................................................................................................... 46

Default Configuration..............................................................................................................................................47

Configuring a Host Name.......................................................................................................................................47

Accessing the System Remotely...........................................................................................................................48

Accessing the System Remotely..................................................................................................................... 48

Configure the Management Port IP Address................................................................................................48

Configure a Management Route.....................................................................................................................48

Configuring a Username and Password........................................................................................................49

Configuring the Enable Password........................................................................................................................ 49

Manage Configuration Files................................................................................................................................... 49

File Storage.......................................................................................................................................................... 50

Copy Files to and from the System................................................................................................................ 50

Save the Running-Configuration.....................................................................................................................51

Configure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario......................................................................................52

Viewing Files........................................................................................................................................................ 52

Changes in Configuration Files........................................................................................................................53

Viewing Command History.................................................................................................................................... 53

Upgrading the Dell Networking OS......................................................................................................................53

4 Switch Management.............................................................................................................................................54

Configuring Privilege Levels...................................................................................................................................54

Creating a Custom Privilege Level..................................................................................................................54

Contents

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Removing a Command from EXEC Mode.................................................................................................... 54

Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode............................................................. 54

Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands.........................................................................55

Allowing Access to the Following Modes......................................................................................................55

Applying a Privilege Level to a Username..................................................................................................... 56

Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line................................................................................................57

Configuring Logging................................................................................................................................................ 57

Audit and Security Logs..................................................................................................................................... 57

Configuring Logging Format ......................................................................................................................... 59

Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server................................................................................... 59

Track Login Activity.................................................................................................................................................. 61

Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity..........................................................................................................61

Configuring Login Activity Tracking................................................................................................................61

Display Login Statistics.......................................................................................................................................61

Limit Concurrent Login Sessions.......................................................................................................................... 63

Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions.................................................................63

Configuring Concurrent Session Limit...........................................................................................................63

Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions...........................................................................................63

Log Messages in the Internal Buffer.....................................................................................................................64

Configuration Task List for System Log Management............................................................................... 64

Disabling System Logging...................................................................................................................................... 65

Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server....................................................................................................65

Configuring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server............................................................................................ 65

Display the Logging Buffer and the Logging Configuration........................................................................... 66

Changing System Logging Settings......................................................................................................................66

Configuring a UNIX Logging Facility Level..........................................................................................................67

Synchronizing Log Messages................................................................................................................................ 68

Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages.......................................................................................................... 68

File Transfer Services............................................................................................................................................... 69

Configuration Task List for File Transfer Services........................................................................................69

Enabling the FTP Server.................................................................................................................................... 69

Configuring FTP Server Parameters................................................................................................................70

Configuring FTP Client Parameters................................................................................................................ 70

Terminal Lines............................................................................................................................................................71

Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line.....................................................................................71

Configuring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines.................................................................................71

Setting Time Out of EXEC Privilege Mode...........................................................................................................72

Using Telnet to Access Another Network Device..............................................................................................73

Lock CONFIGURATION Mode............................................................................................................................... 73

Viewing the Configuration Lock Status..........................................................................................................73

Recovering from a Forgotten Password .............................................................................................................74

Ignoring the Startup Configuration and Booting from the Factory-Default Configuration.....................75

Recovering from a Failed Start...............................................................................................................................75

Restoring Factory-Default Settings.......................................................................................................................75

Important Point to Remember.........................................................................................................................76

Restoring Factory-Default Boot Environment Variables............................................................................76

Using Hashes to Verify Software Images Before Installation...........................................................................77

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Verifying System Images on C9010 Components............................................................................................ 78

When System Images on C9010 Components Do Not Match.................................................................79

Manually Resetting the System Image on a C9010 Component.............................................................80

Logging in to the Virtual Console of a C9010 Component......................................................................80

Booting the C9010 from an Image on a Network Server..........................................................................80

Configuring C9010 Components to Boot from the RPM CP Image.......................................................81

5 802.1X......................................................................................................................................................................82

The Port-Authentication Process......................................................................................................................... 84

EAP over RADIUS................................................................................................................................................ 85

Configuring 802.1X.................................................................................................................................................. 86

Related Configuration Tasks............................................................................................................................ 86

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................ 86

Enabling 802.1X........................................................................................................................................................ 87

Configuring dot1x Profile ...................................................................................................................................... 89

Configuring MAC addresses for a do1x Profile.................................................................................................. 89

Configuring the Static MAB and MAB Profile .................................................................................................... 90

Configuring Critical VLAN ......................................................................................................................................91

Configuring Request Identity Re-Transmissions............................................................................................... 91

Configuring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication............................................................................... 92

Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port.................................................................................................... 93

Re-Authenticating a Port........................................................................................................................................94

Configuring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication.............................................................. 94

Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs..................................................................................................................95

Configuring a Guest VLAN................................................................................................................................96

Configuring an Authentication-Fail VLAN..................................................................................................... 97

Configuring Timeouts....................................................................................................................................... 98

Multi-Host Authentication......................................................................................................................................99

Configuring Multi-Host AuthenticationConfiguring Single-Host Authentication..............................100

Multi-Supplicant Authentication......................................................................................................................... 102

Configuring Multi-Supplicant AuthenticationRestricting Multi-Supplicant Authentication.............102

MAC Authentication Bypass.................................................................................................................................103

MAB in Single-host and Multi-Host Mode.................................................................................................. 103

MAB in Multi-Supplicant Authentication Mode......................................................................................... 104

Configuring MAC Authentication Bypass....................................................................................................104

Dynamic CoS with 802.1X.................................................................................................................................... 105

6 Access Control Lists (ACLs)............................................................................................................................... 107

IP Access Control Lists (ACLs)..............................................................................................................................107

CAM Usage........................................................................................................................................................ 108

User-Configurable CAM Allocation..............................................................................................................109

Allocating CAM for Ingress ACLs on the Port Extender........................................................................... 109

Allocating CAM for Egress ACLs on the Port Extender............................................................................. 111

Implementing ACLs ......................................................................................................................................... 112

IP Fragment Handling............................................................................................................................................ 113

IP Fragments ACL Examples........................................................................................................................... 113

Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples...........................................................................................................................114

Contents

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Configure a Standard IP ACL................................................................................................................................114

Configuring a Standard IP ACL Filter.............................................................................................................115

Configure an Extended IP ACL.............................................................................................................................116

Configuring Filters with a Sequence Number.............................................................................................116

Configuring Filters Without a Sequence Number......................................................................................118

Configure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs...................................................................................................................118

Using ACL VLAN Groups....................................................................................................................................... 119

Guidelines for Configuring ACL VLAN Groups........................................................................................... 119

Configuring an ACL VLAN Group..................................................................................................................120

Allocating ACL VLAN CAM.............................................................................................................................. 121

Applying an IP ACL to an Interface......................................................................................................................121

Applying Ingress ACLs on the Port Extender.............................................................................................. 122

Applying Egress ACLs.......................................................................................................................................122

Applying Layer 3 Egress ACLs on Control-Plane Traffic.......................................................................... 123

Counting ACL Hits............................................................................................................................................124

IP Prefix Lists............................................................................................................................................................124

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................124

Configuration Task List for Prefix Lists.........................................................................................................124

ACL Resequencing................................................................................................................................................. 128

Resequencing an ACL or Prefix List..............................................................................................................129

Route Maps..............................................................................................................................................................130

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................130

Important Points to Remember.......................................................................................................................... 130

Configuration Task List for Route Maps...................................................................................................... 130

Configuring Match Routes..............................................................................................................................133

Configuring Set Conditions............................................................................................................................134

Configure a Route Map for Route Redistribution...................................................................................... 135

Configure a Route Map for Route Tagging.................................................................................................135

Continue Clause............................................................................................................................................... 136

Configuring a UDF ACL.........................................................................................................................................136

Hot-Lock Behavior.................................................................................................................................................138

7 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD)......................................................................................................139

How BFD Works......................................................................................................................................................139

BFD Packet Format.......................................................................................................................................... 140

BFD Sessions...................................................................................................................................................... 141

BFD Three-Way Handshake........................................................................................................................... 142

Session State Changes.................................................................................................................................... 144

Important Points to Remember.......................................................................................................................... 144

Configure BFD.........................................................................................................................................................144

Configure BFD for Static Routes................................................................................................................... 145

Configure BFD for OSPF..................................................................................................................................147

Configure BFD for OSPFv3............................................................................................................................. 150

Configure BFD for IS-IS................................................................................................................................... 151

Configure BFD for BGP................................................................................................................................... 154

Configure BFD for VRRP................................................................................................................................. 160

Configuring Protocol Liveness...................................................................................................................... 163

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8 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4)......................................................................................................... 164

Autonomous Systems (AS)................................................................................................................................... 164

Sessions and Peers.................................................................................................................................................166

Establish a Session............................................................................................................................................167

Route Reflectors..................................................................................................................................................... 167

Communities.....................................................................................................................................................168

BGP Attributes.........................................................................................................................................................168

Best Path Selection Criteria............................................................................................................................169

Weight................................................................................................................................................................. 170

Local Preference................................................................................................................................................171

Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)................................................................................................................... 171

Origin...................................................................................................................................................................172

AS Path................................................................................................................................................................ 172

Next Hop.............................................................................................................................................................173

Multiprotocol BGP..................................................................................................................................................173

Implement BGP ......................................................................................................................................................173

Additional Path (Add-Path) Support..............................................................................................................173

Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes............................................................................... 174

Ignore Router-ID for Some Best-Path Calculations................................................................................. 174

Four-Byte AS Numbers....................................................................................................................................174

AS4 Number Representation..........................................................................................................................175

AS Number Migration.......................................................................................................................................176

BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)............................................................................................... 178

Important Points to Remember.....................................................................................................................178

Configuration Information....................................................................................................................................179

BGP Configuration................................................................................................................................................. 179

Enabling BGP.....................................................................................................................................................180

Configuring AS4 Number Representations.................................................................................................183

Configuring Peer Groups................................................................................................................................184

Configuring BGP Fast Fail-Over.....................................................................................................................187

Configuring Passive Peering.......................................................................................................................... 188

Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration......................................................................189

Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path............................................................................ 190

Enabling Neighbor Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................190

Filtering on an AS-Path Attribute................................................................................................................... 191

Regular Expressions as Filters........................................................................................................................ 192

Redistributing Routes.......................................................................................................................................194

Enabling Additional Paths............................................................................................................................... 194

Configuring IP Community Lists................................................................................................................... 195

Configuring an IP Extended Community List............................................................................................. 196

Filtering Routes with Community Lists........................................................................................................ 197

Manipulating the COMMUNITY Attribute.................................................................................................... 197

Changing MED Attributes............................................................................................................................... 199

Changing the LOCAL_PREFERENCE Attribute...........................................................................................199

Configuring the local System or a Different System to be the Next Hop for BGP-Learned

Routes.................................................................................................................................................................200

Contents

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Changing the WEIGHT Attribute...................................................................................................................200

Enabling Multipath............................................................................................................................................201

Filtering BGP Routes........................................................................................................................................ 201

Filtering BGP Routes Using Route Maps..................................................................................................... 202

Filtering BGP Routes Using AS-PATH Information................................................................................... 203

Configuring BGP Route Reflectors.............................................................................................................. 204

Aggregating Routes......................................................................................................................................... 204

Configuring BGP Confederations.................................................................................................................205

Enabling Route Flap Dampening.................................................................................................................. 205

Changing BGP Timers..................................................................................................................................... 207

Enabling BGP Neighbor Soft-Reconfiguration..........................................................................................208

Route Map Continue....................................................................................................................................... 209

Enabling MBGP Configurations.......................................................................................................................... 209

BGP Regular Expression Optimization...............................................................................................................210

Debugging BGP...................................................................................................................................................... 210

Storing Last and Bad PDUs..............................................................................................................................211

Capturing PDUs.................................................................................................................................................212

PDU Counters....................................................................................................................................................213

Sample Configurations..........................................................................................................................................213

9 Content Addressable Memory (CAM)..............................................................................................................222

CAM Allocation....................................................................................................................................................... 222

Test CAM Usage..................................................................................................................................................... 224

View CAM-ACL Settings....................................................................................................................................... 224

View CAM Usage.................................................................................................................................................... 225

Return to the Default CAM Configuration........................................................................................................ 225

CAM Optimization................................................................................................................................................. 226

Applications for CAM Profiling............................................................................................................................ 226

LAG HashingLAG Hashing Based on Bidirectional Flow..........................................................................226

Unified Forwarding Table (UFT) Modes.............................................................................................................226

Configuring UFT Modes.................................................................................................................................. 227

10 Control Plane Policing (CoPP)........................................................................................................................228

CoPP Implementation...........................................................................................................................................228

Protocol-based Control Plane Policing...................................................................................................... 228

Queue-based Control Plane Policing..........................................................................................................228

CoPP Example........................................................................................................................................................ 230

Configure Control Plane Policing....................................................................................................................... 231

Configuring CoPP for Protocols....................................................................................................................231

Examples of Configuring CoPP for Protocols............................................................................................232

Configuring CoPP for CPU Queues............................................................................................................. 233

Examples of Configuring CoPP for CPU Queues......................................................................................234

Displaying CoPP Configuration.....................................................................................................................235

Troubleshooting CoPP Operation......................................................................................................................238

Enabling CPU Traffic Statistics...................................................................................................................... 238

Viewing CPU Traffic Statistics........................................................................................................................238

Troubleshooting CPU Packet Loss...............................................................................................................239

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Viewing Per-Protocol CoPP Counters........................................................................................................ 240

Viewing Per-Queue CoPP Counters............................................................................................................243

11 Data Center Bridging (DCB)............................................................................................................................ 244

Enabling Data Center Bridging............................................................................................................................244

Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging...........................................................................................245

Priority-Based Flow Control.......................................................................................................................... 246

Enhanced Transmission Selection................................................................................................................247

Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx).....................................................................................248

Data Center Bridging in a Traffic Flow.........................................................................................................248

QoS dot1p Traffic Classification and Queue Assignment............................................................................. 249

SNMP Support for PFC and Buffer Statistics Tracking................................................................................... 249

DCB Maps and its Attributes................................................................................................................................ 250

DCB Map: Configuration Procedure............................................................................................................250

Important Points to Remember.....................................................................................................................251

Applying a DCB Map on a Port...................................................................................................................... 251

Configuring PFC without a DCB Map.......................................................................................................... 252

Configuring Lossless Queues........................................................................................................................ 252

Applying a DCB Map on a Line Card............................................................................................................ 253

Data Center Bridging: Default Configuration...................................................................................................253

Configuration Notes: PFC and ETS in a DCB Map..........................................................................................254

PFC Configuration Notes................................................................................................................................254

ETS Configuration Notes................................................................................................................................ 255

ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions................................................................................................................256

Priority-Group Configuration Notes............................................................................................................ 256

Configuring Priority-Based Flow Control......................................................................................................... 256

Configuring Lossless Queues........................................................................................................................ 257

Configuring Enhanced Transmission Selection...............................................................................................258

Creating an ETS Priority Group..................................................................................................................... 258

ETS Operation with DCBx.............................................................................................................................. 259

Configure a DCBx Operation.............................................................................................................................. 259

DCBx Operation............................................................................................................................................... 260

DCBx Port Roles...............................................................................................................................................260

DCB Configuration Exchange........................................................................................................................261

Configuration Source Election......................................................................................................................262

Propagation of DCB Information..................................................................................................................262

Auto-Detection and Manual Configuration of the DCBx Version.........................................................262

Behavior of Tagged Packets.......................................................................................................................... 263

Configuration Example for DSCP and PFC Priorities................................................................................263

DCBx Example.................................................................................................................................................. 265

DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions............................................................................................................265

Configuring DCBx............................................................................................................................................266

Verifying the DCB Configuration........................................................................................................................269

Performing PFC Using DSCP Bits Instead of 802.1p Bits...............................................................................279

PFC and ETS Configuration Examples...............................................................................................................279

Using PFC and ETS to Manage Data Center Traffic........................................................................................279

PFC and ETS Configuration Command Examples.....................................................................................281

Contents

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Using PFC and ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Traffic................................................................... 281

Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies.........................................................................................281

Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buffer Method....................................................................... 282

Pause and Resume of Traffic......................................................................................................................... 282

Buffer Sizes for Lossless or PFC Packets.....................................................................................................283

Configuring the Dynamic Buffer Method......................................................................................................... 283

12 Debugging and Diagnostics............................................................................................................................285

Offline Diagnostics.................................................................................................................................................285

Running Port Extender Offline Diagnostics on the Switch..................................................................... 285

Running Offline Diagnostics on a Standalone Switch.............................................................................. 291

TRACE Logs..............................................................................................................................................................312

Auto Save on Reload, Crash, or Rollover.....................................................................................................312

Uploading Trace Logs......................................................................................................................................312

Last Restart Reason................................................................................................................................................ 313

show hardware Commands.................................................................................................................................313

Environmental Monitoring....................................................................................................................................315

Displaying Port Extender Environment Information ................................................................................ 315

Display Power Supply Status.......................................................................................................................... 316

Display Fan Status.............................................................................................................................................316

Display Transceiver Type.................................................................................................................................317

Recognize an Over-Temperature Condition..............................................................................................318

Troubleshoot an Over-Temperature Condition........................................................................................ 319

Troubleshooting Packet Loss...............................................................................................................................321

Displaying Drop Counters.............................................................................................................................. 322

Displaying Dataplane Statistics......................................................................................................................322

Displaying Line-Card Counters.....................................................................................................................324

Accessing Application Core Dumps...................................................................................................................325

Mini Core Dumps................................................................................................................................................... 325

Full Kernel Core Dumps........................................................................................................................................326

Enabling TCP Dumps............................................................................................................................................ 326

Accessing Port Extender Core and Mini Core Dumps................................................................................... 327

13 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)...........................................................................................328

DHCP Packet Format and Options.....................................................................................................................328

Assign an IP Address using DHCP...................................................................................................................... 330

Implementation Information................................................................................................................................331

Configure the System to be a DHCP Server..................................................................................................... 331

Configuring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation...................................................................... 332

Specifying a Default Gateway........................................................................................................................333

Configure a Method of Hostname Resolution...........................................................................................334

Using DNS for Address Resolution............................................................................................................... 334

Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution............................................................................................ 334

Creating Manual Binding Entries...................................................................................................................334

Debugging the DHCP Server......................................................................................................................... 335

Using DHCP Clear Commands..................................................................................................................... 335

Configure the System to be a Relay Agent.......................................................................................................335

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Configure the System to be a DHCP Client......................................................................................................337

DHCP Client on a Management Interface...................................................................................................337

DHCP Client Operation with Other Features............................................................................................. 337

Configure Secure DHCP.......................................................................................................................................338

Option 82...........................................................................................................................................................338

DHCP Snooping................................................................................................................................................339

Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only.......................................................................................... 341

Dynamic ARP Inspection................................................................................................................................ 342

Configuring Dynamic ARP Inspection......................................................................................................... 343

Source Address Validation................................................................................................................................... 344

Enabling IP Source Address Validation........................................................................................................344

DHCP MAC Source Address Validation....................................................................................................... 345

Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation.............................................................................................345

Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets..........................................................................................345

Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets.........................................................................................346

14 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)........................................................................................................................347

ECMP for Flow-Based Affinity............................................................................................................................. 347

Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop..................................................................................................... 347

Configuring the Hash Algorithm Seed.........................................................................................................347

Link Bundle Monitoring...................................................................................................................................348

Managing ECMP Group Paths.............................................................................................................................348

Creating an ECMP Group Bundle.......................................................................................................................349

Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold............................................................................................................. 349

BGP Multipath Operation with Link Bankwidth............................................................................................... 350

Dynamic Re-calculation of Link Bankwidth......................................................................................................351

Weighted ECMP for Static Routes...................................................................................................................... 352

ECMP Support in L3 Host and LPM Tables....................................................................................................... 352

15 FCoE Transit....................................................................................................................................................... 353

Fibre Channel over Ethernet................................................................................................................................353

Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network..................................................................................353

FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges......................................................................................................................355

FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack........................................................................................................................... 357

Using FIP Snooping................................................................................................................................................357

FIP Snooping Prerequisites.............................................................................................................................357

Important Points to Remember.....................................................................................................................357

Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature............................................................................................................... 358

Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs.....................................................................................................................358

Configure the FC-MAP Value........................................................................................................................ 358

Configure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link............................................................................................ 359

Configure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link................................................................................................. 359

Impact on Other Software Features.............................................................................................................359

FIP Snooping Restrictions...............................................................................................................................359

Configuring FIP Snooping....................................................................................................................................360

Displaying FIP Snooping Information.................................................................................................................361

FCoE Transit Configuration Example.................................................................................................................366

Contents

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16 FIPS Cryptography............................................................................................................................................368

Configuration Tasks...............................................................................................................................................368

Preparing the System............................................................................................................................................ 368

Enabling FIPS Mode...............................................................................................................................................369

Generating Host-Keys...........................................................................................................................................369

Monitoring FIPS Mode Status.............................................................................................................................. 369

Disabling FIPS Mode.............................................................................................................................................. 370

17 Flex Hash and Optimized Boot-Up.................................................................................................................371

Flex Hash Capability Overview.............................................................................................................................371

Configuring the Flex Hash Mechanism..............................................................................................................371

LACP Fast Switchover............................................................................................................................................372

Configuring LACP Fast Switchover.....................................................................................................................372

LACP..........................................................................................................................................................................372

LACP Fast Switchover......................................................................................................................................372

RDMA Over Converged Ethernet (RoCE) Overview........................................................................................372

Sample Configurations..........................................................................................................................................374

..............................................................................................................................................................................374

Preserving 802.1Q VLAN Tag Value for Lite Subinterfaces............................................................................377

18 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)........................................................................................................378

Protocol Overview................................................................................................................................................. 378

Ring Status......................................................................................................................................................... 379

Multiple FRRP Rings......................................................................................................................................... 379

Important FRRP Points....................................................................................................................................380

Implementing FRRP.........................................................................................................................................380

Important FRRP Concepts.............................................................................................................................. 381

FRRP Configuration............................................................................................................................................... 382

Creating the FRRP Group............................................................................................................................... 382

Configuring the Control VLAN...................................................................................................................... 382

Configuring and Adding the Member VLANs.............................................................................................383

Setting the FRRP Timers................................................................................................................................. 384

Clearing the FRRP Counters.......................................................................................................................... 385

Viewing the FRRP Configuration...................................................................................................................385

Viewing the FRRP Information...................................................................................................................... 385

Troubleshooting FRRP.......................................................................................................................................... 385

Configuration Checks..................................................................................................................................... 385

Sample Configuration and Topology................................................................................................................ 386

19 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)...................................................................................................388

Important Points to Remember..........................................................................................................................388

Configure GVRP..................................................................................................................................................... 389

Related Configuration Tasks..........................................................................................................................389

Enabling GVRP Globally........................................................................................................................................389

Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface...............................................................................................................390

Configure GVRP Registration.............................................................................................................................. 390

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Configure a GARP Timer.......................................................................................................................................391

20 High Availability (HA)....................................................................................................................................... 392

High Availability on Chassis..................................................................................................................................392

High Availability in a PE Stack..............................................................................................................................392

Online Insertion and Removal.............................................................................................................................392

RPM Online Insertion.......................................................................................................................................393

Line Card Online Insertion............................................................................................................................. 393

Pre-configuring a Slot for a Line-Card Type..............................................................................................393

Replacing a Line Card..................................................................................................................................... 394

Hitless Behavior......................................................................................................................................................394

Graceful Restart......................................................................................................................................................395

Software Resiliency................................................................................................................................................395

System Health Monitoring..............................................................................................................................395

Failure and Event Logging.............................................................................................................................. 395

Trace Log........................................................................................................................................................... 395

Core Dumps...................................................................................................................................................... 395

System Log........................................................................................................................................................ 396

Control Plane Redundancy..................................................................................................................................396

Control-Plane Failover....................................................................................................................................396

RPM Synchronization...................................................................................................................................... 397

Forcing an RPM Failover................................................................................................................................. 397

Specifying an Auto-Failover Limit.................................................................................................................398

Disabling Auto-Reboot................................................................................................................................... 398

21 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)............................................................................................399

IGMP Implementation Information....................................................................................................................399

IGMP Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................399

IGMP Version 2................................................................................................................................................. 399

IGMP Version 3..................................................................................................................................................401

Configure IGMP......................................................................................................................................................403

Related Configuration Tasks..........................................................................................................................404

Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces...................................................................................................................... 404

Selecting an IGMP Version...................................................................................................................................404

Viewing IGMP Groups...........................................................................................................................................405

Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave.......................................................................................................................405

IGMP Snooping...................................................................................................................................................... 405

IGMP Snooping Implementation Information........................................................................................... 406

Configuring IGMP Snooping......................................................................................................................... 406

Removing a Group-Port Association...........................................................................................................406

Disabling Multicast Flooding..........................................................................................................................407

Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router............................................................................ 407

Configuring the Switch as Querier...............................................................................................................407

Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes.........................................................................................408

Designating a Multicast Router Interface......................................................................................................... 408

22 Interfaces........................................................................................................................................................... 409

Contents

13

Basic Interface Configuration............................................................................................................................. 409

Advanced Interface Configuration.....................................................................................................................409

Port Numbering......................................................................................................................................................410

Interface Types........................................................................................................................................................413

View Basic Interface Information........................................................................................................................413

Resetting an Interface to its Factory Default State..........................................................................................419

Enabling a Physical Interface............................................................................................................................... 419

Physical Interfaces................................................................................................................................................. 420

Port Pipes...........................................................................................................................................................420

Setting the Speed and Duplex Mode of Ethernet Interfaces.................................................................. 420

Configuration Task List for Physical Interfaces.......................................................................................... 421

Overview of Layer Modes............................................................................................................................... 421

Configuring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode......................................................................................................... 422

Configuring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode..........................................................................................................422

Configuring Layer 3 (Network) Mode.......................................................................................................... 422

Configuring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode..........................................................................................................423

Egress Interface Selection (EIS)...........................................................................................................................424

Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................... 424

Configuring EIS.................................................................................................................................................424

Management Interfaces........................................................................................................................................425

Configuring a Dedicated Management Interface .....................................................................................425

Configuring a Management Interface on an Ethernet Port.................................................................... 426

Port Extender Interfaces....................................................................................................................................... 427

VLAN Interfaces...................................................................................................................................................... 427

Loopback Interfaces..............................................................................................................................................428

Null Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................................428

Port Channel Interfaces........................................................................................................................................429

Port Channel Definition and Standards.......................................................................................................429

Port Channel Benefits..................................................................................................................................... 429

Port Channel Implementation.......................................................................................................................429

10/40 Gbps Interfaces in Port Channels.....................................................................................................430

Configuration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces......................................................................................430

Creating a Port Channel................................................................................................................................. 430

Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel...........................................................................................431

Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel......................................................................................433

Configuring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel..................................................................433

Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN...................................................................................434

Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel.................................................................................................434

Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel.......................................................................................................... 434

Load Balancing Through Port Channels..................................................................................................... 435

Changing the Hash Algorithm.......................................................................................................................435

Bulk Configuration.................................................................................................................................................436

Interface Range................................................................................................................................................ 436

Bulk Configuration Examples........................................................................................................................ 436

Defining Interface Range Macros.......................................................................................................................438

Define the Interface Range............................................................................................................................ 438

Choosing an Interface-Range Macro.......................................................................................................... 438

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Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces............................................................................................................. 438

Maintenance Using TDR................................................................................................................................. 439

Displaying Traffic Statistics on HiGig Ports...................................................................................................... 440

Link Bundle Monitoring........................................................................................................................................ 440

Monitoring HiGig Link Bundles............................................................................................................................441

Guidelines for Monitoring HiGig Link-Bundles .........................................................................................442

Enabling HiGig Link-Bundle Monitoring..................................................................................................... 442

Non Dell-Qualified Transceivers........................................................................................................................ 443

Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports.................................................................................................................... 444

Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port....................................................................444

Configuring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics.................................................................................... 445

Link Dampening..................................................................................................................................................... 446

Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................446

Enabling Link Dampening.............................................................................................................................. 446

Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control..............................................................................................448

Threshold Settings........................................................................................................................................... 448

Enabling Pause Frames................................................................................................................................... 449

Configure the MTU Size on an Interface.......................................................................................................... 449

Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces.........................................................................................................450

Set Auto-Negotiation Options...................................................................................................................... 450

View Advanced Interface Information............................................................................................................... 451

Configuring the Interface Sampling Size.................................................................................................... 452

Dynamic Counters.................................................................................................................................................453

Clearing Interface Counters...........................................................................................................................453

23 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)................................................................................................................. 455

Configuring IPSec ................................................................................................................................................. 455

24 IPv4 Routing...................................................................................................................................................... 457

IP Addresses.............................................................................................................................................................457

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................457

Configuration Tasks for IP Addresses................................................................................................................458

Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface..............................................................................................................458

Configuring Static Routes.................................................................................................................................... 459

Configure Static Routes for the Management Interface............................................................................... 460

Enabling Directed Broadcast...............................................................................................................................460

Resolution of Host Names...................................................................................................................................460

Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names.................................................................................................461

Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains........................................................................461

Configuring DNS with Traceroute......................................................................................................................462

ARP............................................................................................................................................................................462

Configuration Tasks for ARP..........................................................................................................................463

Configuring Static ARP Entries...................................................................................................................... 463

Configuring ARP Inspection Trust................................................................................................................464

Configuring ARP Timeout.............................................................................................................................. 464

Enabling Proxy ARP..........................................................................................................................................464

Clearing ARP Cache........................................................................................................................................ 464

Contents

15

ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP..................................................................................................................465

Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP.................................................................................................465

ARP Learning via ARP Request...................................................................................................................... 466

Configuring ARP Retries................................................................................................................................. 466

ICMP..........................................................................................................................................................................467

Configuration Tasks for ICMP........................................................................................................................467

Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages....................................................................................................... 467

25 IPv6 Routing...................................................................................................................................................... 468

Protocol Overview.................................................................................................................................................468

Extended Address Space................................................................................................................................ 468

Stateless Autoconfiguration...........................................................................................................................468

IPv6 Headers..................................................................................................................................................... 469

IPv6 Header Fields............................................................................................................................................470

Extension Header Fields..................................................................................................................................472

IPv6 Addressing.................................................................................................................................................473

IPv6 Implementation on the Dell Networking OS.......................................................................................... 474

Configuring the LPM Table for IPv6 Extended Prefixes................................................................................. 475

ICMPv6..................................................................................................................................................................... 476

Path MTU Discovery.............................................................................................................................................. 476

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery......................................................................................................................................476

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets.................................................................................................. 477

Configuring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server............................................................................................... 477

Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport.......................................................................................................479

Configuration Tasks for IPv6............................................................................................................................... 479

Adjusting Your CAM Profile............................................................................................................................479

Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface..................................................................................................480

Assigning a Static IPv6 Route.........................................................................................................................481

Configuring Telnet with IPv6......................................................................................................................... 481

SNMP over IPv6.................................................................................................................................................481

Displaying IPv6 Information...........................................................................................................................482

Displaying an IPv6 Configuration................................................................................................................. 482

Displaying IPv6 Routes....................................................................................................................................483

Displaying the Running Configuration for an Interface...........................................................................484

Clearing IPv6 Routes....................................................................................................................................... 484

26 Intermediate System to Intermediate System.............................................................................................486

IS-IS Protocol Overview....................................................................................................................................... 486

IS-IS Addressing..................................................................................................................................................... 486

Multi-Topology IS-IS............................................................................................................................................. 487

Transition Mode................................................................................................................................................487

Interface Support............................................................................................................................................. 488

Adjacencies....................................................................................................................................................... 488

Graceful Restart......................................................................................................................................................488

Timers.................................................................................................................................................................488

Implementation Information...............................................................................................................................489

Configuration Information...................................................................................................................................489

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Configuration Tasks for IS-IS.........................................................................................................................490

Configuring the Distance of a Route........................................................................................................... 497

Changing the IS-Type.....................................................................................................................................498

Redistributing IPv4 Routes.............................................................................................................................500

Redistributing IPv6 Routes..............................................................................................................................501

Configuring Authentication Passwords.......................................................................................................502

Setting the Overload Bit..................................................................................................................................502

Debugging IS-IS................................................................................................................................................503

IS-IS Metric Styles.................................................................................................................................................. 504

Configure Metric Values.......................................................................................................................................504

Maximum Values in the Routing Table........................................................................................................504

Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only......................................................................................504

Leaks from One Level to Another.................................................................................................................506

Sample Configurations..........................................................................................................................................507

27 iSCSI Optimization............................................................................................................................................509

iSCSI Optimization Overview.............................................................................................................................. 509

Default iSCSI Optimization Values...................................................................................................................... 511

iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites......................................................................................................................... 511

Configuring iSCSI Optimization...........................................................................................................................511

Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information.......................................................................................................513

Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization............................................................................................................. 514

Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer...........................................................515

Monitoring iSCSI Traffic Flows.............................................................................................................................515

Information Monitored in iSCSI Traffic Flows...................................................................................................515

Detection and Auto-Configuration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays....................................................................516

Configuring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays...................................................................... 516

Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Traffic Flows................................................................................. 517

28 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)..................................................................................................518

Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP.........................................................................................................518

Important Points to Remember.....................................................................................................................518

LACP Modes.......................................................................................................................................................519

Configuring LACP Commands...................................................................................................................... 519

LACP Configuration Tasks....................................................................................................................................520

Creating a LAG..................................................................................................................................................520

Configuring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic..............................................................................................520

Setting the LACP Long Timeout.................................................................................................................... 521

Monitoring and Debugging LACP................................................................................................................. 521

Shared LAG State Tracking...................................................................................................................................522

Configuring Shared LAG State Tracking......................................................................................................522

Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking................................................................................. 523

LACP Basic Configuration Example................................................................................................................... 524

Configure a LAG on ALPHA............................................................................................................................524

29 Layer 2.................................................................................................................................................................532

Manage the MAC Address Table......................................................................................................................... 532

Contents

17

Clearing the MAC Address Table...................................................................................................................532

Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries...............................................................................................532

Configuring a Static MAC Address................................................................................................................533

Displaying the MAC Address Table...............................................................................................................533

MAC Learning Limit................................................................................................................................................533

Setting the MAC Learning Limit.....................................................................................................................534

mac learning-limit Dynamic.......................................................................................................................... 534

mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky...................................................................................................... 534

mac learning-limit station-move..................................................................................................................535

mac learning-limit no-station-move........................................................................................................... 535

Learning Limit Violation Actions....................................................................................................................535

Setting Station Move Violation Actions........................................................................................................535

Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations............................................................... 536

Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System.......................................................................................536

NIC Teaming............................................................................................................................................................537

Configure Redundant Pairs..................................................................................................................................538

Important Points about Configuring Redundant Pairs.............................................................................540

Far-End Failure Detection.....................................................................................................................................541

FEFD State Changes.........................................................................................................................................542

Configuring FEFD............................................................................................................................................. 543

Enabling FEFD on an Interface...................................................................................................................... 543

Debugging FEFD...............................................................................................................................................544

30 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)...........................................................................................................546

802.1AB (LLDP) Overview.....................................................................................................................................546

Protocol Data Units......................................................................................................................................... 546

Optional TLVs..........................................................................................................................................................547

Management TLVs........................................................................................................................................... 548

TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview........................................................................................................................ 549

TIA Organizationally Specific TLVs............................................................................................................... 550

Configure LLDP.......................................................................................................................................................553

Related Configuration Tasks.......................................................................................................................... 553

Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................... 554

LLDP Compatibility.......................................................................................................................................... 554

CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Configurations...................................................................................554

Enabling LLDP......................................................................................................................................................... 555

Disabling and Undoing LLDP......................................................................................................................... 555

Enabling LLDP on Management Ports...............................................................................................................555

Disabling and Undoing LLDP on Management Ports............................................................................... 555

Advertising TLVs..................................................................................................................................................... 556

Viewing the LLDP Configuration.........................................................................................................................557

Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents...........................................................................558

Configuring LLDPDU Intervals............................................................................................................................ 558

Configuring Transmit and Receive Mode......................................................................................................... 559

Configuring a Time to Live.................................................................................................................................. 560

Debugging LLDP.....................................................................................................................................................561

Relevant Management Objects........................................................................................................................... 561

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31 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)..............................................................................................567

Protocol Overview................................................................................................................................................. 567

Anycast RP...............................................................................................................................................................568

Implementation Information............................................................................................................................... 569

Configure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol.............................................................................................569

Related Configuration Tasks..........................................................................................................................569

Enable MSDP............................................................................................................................................................571

Manage the Source-Active Cache...................................................................................................................... 571

Viewing the Source-Active Cache................................................................................................................ 571

Limiting the Source-Active Cache................................................................................................................572

Clearing the Source-Active Cache............................................................................................................... 572

Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache..............................................................................................572

Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check............................................................................. 572

Specifying Source-Active Messages...................................................................................................................575

Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer......................................................................................... 575

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source............................................................................................. 575

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source........................................................................................ 576

Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source........................................................................................ 577

Logging Changes in Peership States.................................................................................................................. 577

Terminating a Peership......................................................................................................................................... 578

Clearing Peer Statistics..........................................................................................................................................578

Debugging MSDP................................................................................................................................................... 579

MSDP with Anycast RP.......................................................................................................................................... 579

Configuring Anycast RP........................................................................................................................................580

Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding...............................................................................................581

Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages.......................................................................................581

MSDP Sample Configurations............................................................................................................................. 583

32 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)..................................................................................................... 588

Protocol Overview.................................................................................................................................................588

Spanning Tree Variations......................................................................................................................................589

Implementation Information......................................................................................................................... 589

Configure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol.................................................................................................... 589

Related Configuration Tasks..........................................................................................................................589

Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally........................................................................................................... 590

Adding and Removing Interfaces....................................................................................................................... 590

Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances......................................................................................................590

Influencing MSTP Root Selection....................................................................................................................... 591

Interoperate with Non-Dell Bridges...................................................................................................................592

Changing the Region Name or Revision...........................................................................................................592

Modifying Global Parameters.............................................................................................................................. 593

Modifying the Interface Parameters...................................................................................................................594

Configuring an EdgePort......................................................................................................................................595

Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change............................................................................................. 595

MSTP Sample Configurations..............................................................................................................................596

Contents

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Router 1 Running-ConfigurationRouter 2 Running-ConfigurationRouter 3 Running-

ConfigurationExample Running-Configuration........................................................................................ 596

Debugging and Verifying MSTP Configurations..............................................................................................599

33 Multicast Features.............................................................................................................................................601

Enabling IP Multicast............................................................................................................................................. 601

Implementation Information............................................................................................................................... 601

First Packet Forwarding for Lossless Multicast................................................................................................602

Multicast Policies....................................................................................................................................................602

IPv4 Multicast Policies.....................................................................................................................................602

34 Object Tracking.................................................................................................................................................610

Object Tracking Overview....................................................................................................................................610

Track Layer 2 Interfaces...................................................................................................................................611

Track Layer 3 Interfaces...................................................................................................................................611

Track IPv4 and IPv6 Routes............................................................................................................................612

Track a Metric Threshold................................................................................................................................ 612

Tracking a Metric Threshold...........................................................................................................................612

Track Route Reachability................................................................................................................................ 614

Tracking Route Reachability...........................................................................................................................614

Set Tracking Delays.......................................................................................................................................... 615

VRRP Object Tracking......................................................................................................................................615

Object Tracking Configuration............................................................................................................................616

Tracking a Layer 2 Interface...........................................................................................................................616

Tracking a Layer 3 Interface........................................................................................................................... 617

Displaying Tracked Objects..................................................................................................................................618

35 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3)......................................................................................... 620

Protocol Overview.................................................................................................................................................620

Autonomous System (AS) Areas....................................................................................................................620

Area Types..........................................................................................................................................................621

Networks and Neighbors................................................................................................................................622

Router Types..................................................................................................................................................... 622

Designated and Backup Designated Routers.............................................................................................624

Link-State Advertisements (LSAs)................................................................................................................. 624

Router Priority and Cost................................................................................................................................. 625

OSPF Implementation...........................................................................................................................................626

Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only).......................................................................................................627

Multi-Process OSPFv2 (IPv4 only).................................................................................................................627

RFC-2328 Compliant OSPF Flooding.......................................................................................................... 627

OSPF ACK Packing...........................................................................................................................................628

Setting OSPF Adjacency with Cisco Routers..............................................................................................628

Configuration Information...................................................................................................................................629

Configuration Task List for OSPFv2 (OSPF for IPv4).................................................................................629

Sample Configurations for OSPFv2....................................................................................................................641

Basic OSPFv2 Router Topology.....................................................................................................................641

OSPF Area 0 — Te 1/1 and 1/2....................................................................................................................... 641

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Dell C9010 Modular Chassis Switch User guide

Dell C9010 Modular Chassis Switch User guide

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