Dell PowerSwitch S4820T Owner's manual

Dell Conguration Guide for the S4820T System

9.14.1.5

Notes, cautions, and warnings

NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product.

CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.

WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.

may be trademarks of their respective owners.

2019 - 05

Rev. A00

Contents

1 About this Guide...........................................................................................................................................35

Audience........................................................................................................................................................................... 35

Conventions......................................................................................................................................................................35

Related Documents......................................................................................................................................................... 35

2 Conguration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................ 36

Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................36

CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................36

Navigating CLI Modes............................................................................................................................................... 38

The do Command............................................................................................................................................................. 41

Undoing Commands.........................................................................................................................................................41

Obtaining Help..................................................................................................................................................................42

Entering and Editing Commands....................................................................................................................................42

Command History............................................................................................................................................................ 43

Filtering show Command Outputs.................................................................................................................................43

Example of the grep Keyword.................................................................................................................................. 43

Multiple Users in Conguration Mode...........................................................................................................................44

3 Getting Started............................................................................................................................................45

Console Access................................................................................................................................................................46

Serial Console.............................................................................................................................................................46

Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH....................................................................................47

Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection..............................................................................................47

Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection........................................................................................ 47

Default Conguration...................................................................................................................................................... 48

Conguring a Host Name............................................................................................................................................... 48

Accessing the System Remotely....................................................................................................................................48

Accessing the System Remotely..............................................................................................................................48

Congure the Management Port IP Address......................................................................................................... 48

Congure a Management Route..............................................................................................................................49

Conguring a Username and Password..................................................................................................................49

Conguring the Enable Password..................................................................................................................................50

Conguration File Management.....................................................................................................................................50

Copy Files to and from the System..........................................................................................................................51

Mounting an NFS File System...................................................................................................................................51

Save the Running-Conguration..............................................................................................................................53

Congure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario............................................................................................... 54

Viewing Files...............................................................................................................................................................54

Managing the File System.............................................................................................................................................. 55

Enabling Software Features on Devices Using a Command Option......................................................................... 55

View Command History.................................................................................................................................................. 56

Upgrading Dell EMC Networking OS.............................................................................................................................57

Contents

3

Using HTTP for File Transfers........................................................................................................................................ 57

Verify Software Images Before Installation...................................................................................................................58

4 Management............................................................................................................................................... 60

Conguring Privilege Levels........................................................................................................................................... 60

Creating a Custom Privilege Level............................................................................................................................61

Removing a Command from EXEC Mode............................................................................................................... 61

Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode........................................................................ 61

Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands.....................................................................................61

Allowing Access to Dierent Modes........................................................................................................................ 61

Applying a Privilege Level to a Username............................................................................................................... 63

Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line.......................................................................................................... 63

Conguring Logging........................................................................................................................................................ 63

Audit and Security Logs............................................................................................................................................ 64

Conguring Logging Format ...................................................................................................................................66

Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration..................................................................................66

Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server.............................................................................................67

Log Messages in the Internal Buer..............................................................................................................................68

Conguration Task List for System Log Management.......................................................................................... 68

Disabling System Logging............................................................................................................................................... 68

Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................68

Conguring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.....................................................................................................69

Track Login Activity......................................................................................................................................................... 69

Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity.................................................................................................................. 69

Conguring Login Activity Tracking.........................................................................................................................69

Display Login Statistics..............................................................................................................................................70

Limit Concurrent Login Sessions.....................................................................................................................................71

Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions............................................................................. 71

Conguring Concurrent Session Limit......................................................................................................................71

Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions.................................................................................................... 72

Enabling Secured CLI Mode............................................................................................................................................73

Changing System Logging Settings...............................................................................................................................73

Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration........................................................................................ 74

Conguring a UNIX Logging Facility Level.................................................................................................................... 74

Synchronizing Log Messages......................................................................................................................................... 75

Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages.................................................................................................................... 76

File Transfer Services.......................................................................................................................................................79

Conguration Task List for File Transfer Services..................................................................................................79

Enabling the FTP Server........................................................................................................................................... 79

Conguring FTP Server Parameters........................................................................................................................79

Conguring FTP Client Parameters.........................................................................................................................80

Terminal Lines...................................................................................................................................................................80

Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line.................................................................................................81

Conguring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines.............................................................................................82

Setting Timeout for EXEC Privilege Mode................................................................................................................... 83

Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device..........................................................................................................83

4

Contents

Lock CONFIGURATION Mode....................................................................................................................................... 84

Viewing the Conguration Lock Status...................................................................................................................84

Recovering from a Forgotten Password....................................................................................................................... 84

Recovering from a Forgotten Enable Password.................................................................................................... 85

Recovering from a Failed Start...................................................................................................................................... 86

Restoring the Factory Default Settings.........................................................................................................................87

Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................87

Restoring Factory Default Environment Variables..................................................................................................87

Dell EMC Networking OS Security Hardening............................................................................................................. 88

Dell EMC Networking OS Image Verication......................................................................................................... 89

Startup Conguration Verication...........................................................................................................................90

Conguring the root User Password........................................................................................................................91

Locking Access to GRUB Interface..........................................................................................................................91

Enabling User Lockout for Failed Login Attempts..................................................................................................92

5 802.1X..........................................................................................................................................................93

Port-Authentication Process..........................................................................................................................................95

EAP over RADIUS......................................................................................................................................................95

Conguring 802.1X...........................................................................................................................................................96

Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 96

Important Points to Remember......................................................................................................................................96

Enabling 802.1X.................................................................................................................................................................97

Conguring MAC addresses for a do1x Prole.............................................................................................................98

Conguring Request Identity Re-Transmissions...........................................................................................................99

Conguring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication..................................................................................... 99

Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port..............................................................................................................100

Re-Authenticating a Port............................................................................................................................................... 101

Conguring Timeouts.....................................................................................................................................................102

Conguring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication......................................................................... 103

Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs.........................................................................................................................104

Conguring a Guest VLAN......................................................................................................................................104

Conguring an Authentication-Fail VLAN............................................................................................................. 104

Conguring dot1x Prole .............................................................................................................................................. 105

Conguring the Static MAB and MAB Prole ........................................................................................................... 106

Conguring Critical VLAN ............................................................................................................................................ 107

6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM).................................. 108

Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs................................................................. 108

Guidelines for Conguring ACL VLAN Groups........................................................................................................... 109

Conguring ACL VLAN Groups and Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters...............................................109

Conguring ACL VLAN Groups.............................................................................................................................. 109

Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters........................................................................................................110

Viewing CAM Usage........................................................................................................................................................111

Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes................................................................................................................... 112

7 Access Control Lists (ACLs)........................................................................................................................114

Contents

5

IP Access Control Lists (ACLs)......................................................................................................................................115

CAM Usage................................................................................................................................................................116

Implementing ACLs on Dell EMC Networking OS.................................................................................................116

IP Fragment Handling..................................................................................................................................................... 118

IP Fragments ACL Examples................................................................................................................................... 118

Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples................................................................................................................................... 119

Congure a Standard IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................119

Conguring a Standard IP ACL Filter..................................................................................................................... 120

Congure an Extended IP ACL......................................................................................................................................121

Conguring Filters with a Sequence Number........................................................................................................121

Conguring Filters Without a Sequence Number.................................................................................................123

Congure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs............................................................................................................................123

Assign an IP ACL to an Interface..................................................................................................................................124

Applying an IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................................124

Counting ACL Hits....................................................................................................................................................125

Congure Ingress ACLs................................................................................................................................................. 125

Congure Egress ACLs.................................................................................................................................................. 126

Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane).....................................................................................................127

IP Prex Lists...................................................................................................................................................................127

Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 128

Conguration Task List for Prex Lists.................................................................................................................. 128

ACL Remarks................................................................................................................................................................... 131

Conguring a Remark............................................................................................................................................... 131

Deleting a Remark.................................................................................................................................................... 132

ACL Resequencing......................................................................................................................................................... 133

Resequencing an ACL or Prex List.......................................................................................................................133

Route Maps.....................................................................................................................................................................134

Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 134

Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................... 135

Conguration Task List for Route Maps................................................................................................................ 135

Conguring Match Routes...................................................................................................................................... 137

Conguring Set Conditions..................................................................................................................................... 138

Congure a Route Map for Route Redistribution.................................................................................................139

Congure a Route Map for Route Tagging........................................................................................................... 140

Continue Clause........................................................................................................................................................140

Logging of ACL Processes............................................................................................................................................. 141

Guidelines for Conguring ACL Logging.................................................................................................................141

Conguring ACL Logging.........................................................................................................................................142

Flow-Based Monitoring..................................................................................................................................................142

Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring.......................................................................................................................143

Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring............................................................................................................................144

8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD).................................................................................................. 146

How BFD Works............................................................................................................................................................. 146

BFD Packet Format..................................................................................................................................................147

BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................ 148

6

Contents

BFD Three-Way Handshake.................................................................................................................................... 149

Session State Changes.............................................................................................................................................151

Important Points to Remember.....................................................................................................................................151

Congure BFD................................................................................................................................................................ 152

Congure BFD for Physical Ports...........................................................................................................................152

Congure BFD for Static Routes............................................................................................................................154

Congure BFD for OSPF.........................................................................................................................................156

Congure BFD for OSPFv3.....................................................................................................................................160

Congure BFD for IS-IS...........................................................................................................................................163

Congure BFD for BGP...........................................................................................................................................165

Congure BFD for VRRP.........................................................................................................................................173

Conguring Protocol Liveness................................................................................................................................ 176

Troubleshooting BFD................................................................................................................................................176

9 Border Gateway Protocol (BGP).................................................................................................................178

BGP IP version 4 (BGPv4) Overview.......................................................................................................................... 178

BGP Autonomous Systems..................................................................................................................................... 178

AS4 Number Representation.................................................................................................................................. 180

Four-Byte AS Numbers............................................................................................................................................182

BGP router ID............................................................................................................................................................182

Sessions and Peers...................................................................................................................................................182

Establish a Session................................................................................................................................................... 183

BGP Attributes for selecting Best Path.................................................................................................................183

Multiprotocol BGP....................................................................................................................................................188

BGP global and address family conguration........................................................................................................189

Implement BGP with Dell EMC Networking OS....................................................................................................191

Conguration Information........................................................................................................................................194

Basic BGP conguration tasks......................................................................................................................................194

Prerequisite for conguring a BGP network......................................................................................................... 194

Restrictions............................................................................................................................................................... 195

Enabling BGP............................................................................................................................................................ 195

Enabling four-byte autonomous system numbers................................................................................................ 197

Changing a BGP router ID.......................................................................................................................................198

Conguring AS4 Number Representations........................................................................................................... 198

Conguring a BGP peer..........................................................................................................................................200

Example-Conguring BGP routing between peers.............................................................................................. 201

BGP peer group....................................................................................................................................................... 202

Advanced BGP conguration tasks.............................................................................................................................208

Route-refresh and Soft-reconguration............................................................................................................... 209

Aggregating Routes.................................................................................................................................................. 211

Filtering BGP.............................................................................................................................................................213

Conguring BGP Fast Fall-Over............................................................................................................................ 220

Conguring Passive Peering................................................................................................................................... 221

Enabling Graceful Restart.......................................................................................................................................222

Redistributing Routes..............................................................................................................................................223

Enabling Additional Paths........................................................................................................................................224

Contents

7

Conguring IP Community Lists............................................................................................................................ 225

Conguring an IP Extended Community List....................................................................................................... 226

Congure BGP attributes........................................................................................................................................227

Enabling Multipath....................................................................................................................................................231

Route Reectors......................................................................................................................................................232

Enabling Route Flap Dampening............................................................................................................................ 233

Changing BGP keepalive and hold timers.............................................................................................................235

Setting the extended timer.................................................................................................................................... 236

Enabling or disabling BGP neighbors..................................................................................................................... 237

Route Map Continue............................................................................................................................................... 238

Conguring BGP Confederations.......................................................................................................................... 238

Conguring a BGP VRF address family................................................................................................................ 239

Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration................................................................................ 240

Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path....................................................................................... 241

Enabling MBGP Congurations..............................................................................................................................242

MBGP support for IPv6.......................................................................................................................................... 242

Conguring IPv6 MBGP between peers...............................................................................................................243

Example-Conguring IPv4 and IPv6 neighbors................................................................................................... 244

Congure IPv6 NH Automatically for IPv6 Prex Advertised over IPv4 Neighbor......................................... 246

BGP Regular Expression Optimization..................................................................................................................248

Debugging BGP........................................................................................................................................................248

10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM)....................................................................................................... 251

CAM Allocation............................................................................................................................................................... 251

Test CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................253

View CAM Proles.........................................................................................................................................................253

View CAM-ACL Settings.............................................................................................................................................. 254

View CAM Usage...........................................................................................................................................................255

Conguring CAM Threshold and Silence Period........................................................................................................256

Setting CAM Threshold and Silence Period......................................................................................................... 256

CAM Optimization..........................................................................................................................................................257

Troubleshoot CAM Proling..........................................................................................................................................257

QoS CAM Region Limitation...................................................................................................................................257

11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP).................................................................................................................. 259

Congure Control Plane Policing................................................................................................................................. 260

Conguring CoPP for Protocols............................................................................................................................. 261

Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues...................................................................................................................... 263

CoPP for OSPFv3 Packets.....................................................................................................................................264

Conguring CoPP for OSPFv3...............................................................................................................................267

Displaying CoPP Conguration ............................................................................................................................. 267

12 Data Center Bridging (DCB)..................................................................................................................... 270

Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging......................................................................................................270

Priority-Based Flow Control.................................................................................................................................... 271

Enhanced Transmission Selection..........................................................................................................................272

8

Contents

Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx)...............................................................................................273

Data Center Bridging in a Trac Flow...................................................................................................................274

Enabling Data Center Bridging......................................................................................................................................274

DCB Maps and its Attributes..................................................................................................................................275

Data Center Bridging: Default Conguration..............................................................................................................276

Conguring Priority-Based Flow Control.................................................................................................................... 276

Conguring Lossless Queues..................................................................................................................................277

Conguring PFC in a DCB Map....................................................................................................................................278

PFC Conguration Notes........................................................................................................................................278

PFC Prerequisites and Restrictions....................................................................................................................... 279

Applying a DCB Map on a Port.................................................................................................................................... 279

Conguring PFC without a DCB Map.........................................................................................................................280

Conguring Lossless QueuesExample:..................................................................................................................280

Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buer Method.................................................................................... 281

Pause and Resume of Trac..................................................................................................................................282

Buer Sizes for Lossless or PFC Packets.............................................................................................................282

Behavior of Tagged Packets.........................................................................................................................................282

Conguration Example for DSCP and PFC Priorities................................................................................................283

Using PFC to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac...................................................................................................284

Congure Enhanced Transmission Selection..............................................................................................................284

ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions....................................................................................................................... 284

Creating an ETS Priority Group..............................................................................................................................284

ETS Operation with DCBx......................................................................................................................................286

Conguring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN................................................................................................ 286

Conguring ETS in a DCB Map..............................................................................................................................287

Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies......................................................................................................... 288

Using ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac...................................................................................................289

Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack.................................................................................................................... 289

Congure a DCBx Operation........................................................................................................................................289

DCBx Operation.......................................................................................................................................................289

DCBx Port Roles......................................................................................................................................................290

DCB Conguration Exchange................................................................................................................................. 291

Conguration Source Election................................................................................................................................ 291

Propagation of DCB Information............................................................................................................................292

Auto-Detection and Manual Conguration of the DCBx Version...................................................................... 292

DCBx Example..........................................................................................................................................................293

DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions.....................................................................................................................293

Conguring DCBx....................................................................................................................................................293

Verifying the DCB Conguration..................................................................................................................................297

Sample DCB Conguration...........................................................................................................................................305

PFC and ETS Conguration Command Examples...............................................................................................307

QoS dot1p Trac Classication and Queue Assignment.......................................................................................... 307

Conguring the Dynamic Buer Method................................................................................................................... 308

13 Dynamic Host Conguration Protocol (DHCP)..........................................................................................310

DHCP Packet Format and Options.............................................................................................................................. 310

Contents

9

Assign an IP Address using DHCP................................................................................................................................312

Implementation Information.......................................................................................................................................... 313

Congure the System to be a DHCP Server.............................................................................................................. 313

Conguring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation...................................................................................314

Specifying a Default Gateway.................................................................................................................................315

Congure a Method of Hostname Resolution...................................................................................................... 315

Using DNS for Address Resolution.........................................................................................................................315

Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution...................................................................................................... 316

Creating Manual Binding Entries............................................................................................................................ 316

Debugging the DHCP Server..................................................................................................................................316

Using DHCP Clear Commands................................................................................................................................317

Congure the System to be a Relay Agent................................................................................................................. 317

Congure the System to be a DHCP Client................................................................................................................319

DHCP Client Operation with Other Features........................................................................................................319

DHCP Client on a Management Interface............................................................................................................320

Congure the System for User Port Stacking (Option 230).................................................................................... 321

Conguring DHCP relay source interface....................................................................................................................321

Global DHCP relay source IPv4 or IPv6 conguration ........................................................................................321

Interface level DHCP relay source IPv4 or IPv6 conguration ..........................................................................322

Congure Secure DHCP............................................................................................................................................... 323

Option 82.................................................................................................................................................................. 323

DHCPv6 relay agent options.................................................................................................................................. 324

DHCP Snooping....................................................................................................................................................... 324

Conguring the DHCP secondary-subnet............................................................................................................329

Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only....................................................................................................329

Dynamic ARP Inspection........................................................................................................................................ 330

Conguring Dynamic ARP Inspection................................................................................................................... 330

Source Address Validation............................................................................................................................................ 332

Enabling IP Source Address Validation.................................................................................................................. 332

DHCP MAC Source Address Validation................................................................................................................ 333

Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation.......................................................................................................333

Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets....................................................................................................334

Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets................................................................................................... 334

14 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)................................................................................................................ 335

ECMP for Flow-Based Anity.....................................................................................................................................335

Conguring the Hash Algorithm............................................................................................................................ 335

Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop.............................................................................................................. 335

Conguring the Hash Algorithm Seed.................................................................................................................. 336

Link Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................................................. 336

Managing ECMP Group Paths...............................................................................................................................337

Creating an ECMP Group Bundle.......................................................................................................................... 337

Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold.................................................................................................................337

RTAG7.............................................................................................................................................................................338

Flow-based Hashing for ECMP................................................................................................................................... 339

10

Contents

15 FIP Snooping............................................................................................................................................342

Fibre Channel over Ethernet........................................................................................................................................ 342

Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network............................................................................................ 342

FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges.............................................................................................................................. 344

FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack...................................................................................................................................346

Using FIP Snooping....................................................................................................................................................... 346

FIP Snooping Prerequisites.....................................................................................................................................346

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 346

Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature........................................................................................................................ 347

Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs.............................................................................................................................348

Congure the FC-MAP Value................................................................................................................................ 348

Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link.......................................................................................................348

Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link...........................................................................................................348

Impact on Other Software Features..................................................................................................................... 348

FIP Snooping Restrictions...................................................................................................................................... 349

Conguring FIP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................349

Displaying FIP Snooping Information...........................................................................................................................350

FCoE Transit Conguration Example.......................................................................................................................... 355

16 FIPS Cryptography...................................................................................................................................357

Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................................... 357

Preparing the System....................................................................................................................................................357

Enabling FIPS Mode......................................................................................................................................................358

Generating Host-Keys...................................................................................................................................................358

Monitoring FIPS Mode Status..................................................................................................................................... 358

Disabling FIPS Mode..................................................................................................................................................... 359

17 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)................................................................................................... 360

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................360

Ring Status................................................................................................................................................................361

Multiple FRRP Rings................................................................................................................................................ 361

Important FRRP Points...........................................................................................................................................362

Important FRRP Concepts..................................................................................................................................... 363

Implementing FRRP.......................................................................................................................................................364

FRRP Conguration...................................................................................................................................................... 364

Creating the FRRP Group.......................................................................................................................................364

Conguring the Control VLAN...............................................................................................................................365

Conguring and Adding the Member VLANs...................................................................................................... 366

Setting the FRRP Timers........................................................................................................................................367

Clearing the FRRP Counters.................................................................................................................................. 367

Viewing the FRRP Conguration........................................................................................................................... 367

Viewing the FRRP Information...............................................................................................................................367

Troubleshooting FRRP.................................................................................................................................................. 368

Conguration Checks..............................................................................................................................................368

Sample Conguration and Topology............................................................................................................................368

Contents

11

FRRP Support on VLT...................................................................................................................................................369

Example Scenario.....................................................................................................................................................370

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 371

18 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP).............................................................................................. 372

Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................................372

Congure GVRP.............................................................................................................................................................373

Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 373

Enabling GVRP Globally.................................................................................................................................................374

Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface........................................................................................................................ 374

Congure GVRP Registration.......................................................................................................................................374

Congure a GARP Timer...............................................................................................................................................375

RPM Redundancy..........................................................................................................................................................375

19 High Availability (HA)................................................................................................................................377

Component Redundancy...............................................................................................................................................377

RPM Redundancy.................................................................................................................................................... 377

Automatic and Manual Stack Unit Failover...........................................................................................................379

Support for RPM Redundancy by Dell EMC Networking OS Version.............................................................. 380

Synchronization between Management and Standby Units..............................................................................380

Conguring RPM Redundancy.............................................................................................................................. 380

Online Insertion and Removal........................................................................................................................................381

RPM Online Insertion and Removal........................................................................................................................381

Linecard Online Insertion and Removal................................................................................................................. 382

Hitless Behavior............................................................................................................................................................. 383

Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................................................383

Software Resiliency....................................................................................................................................................... 384

Software Component Health Monitoring............................................................................................................. 384

System Health Monitoring......................................................................................................................................384

Failure and Event Logging.......................................................................................................................................384

Hot-Lock Behavior.........................................................................................................................................................385

Process Restartability................................................................................................................................................... 385

Enabling Process Restartability..............................................................................................................................385

20 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)......................................................................................... 387

IGMP Implementation Information...............................................................................................................................387

IGMP Protocol Overview.............................................................................................................................................. 387

IGMP Version 2........................................................................................................................................................ 387

IGMP Version 3........................................................................................................................................................ 389

Congure IGMP............................................................................................................................................................. 392

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................392

Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces............................................................................................................................... 393

Selecting an IGMP Version...........................................................................................................................................393

Viewing IGMP Groups...................................................................................................................................................394

Adjusting Timers............................................................................................................................................................ 394

Adjusting Query and Response Timers................................................................................................................. 394

12

Contents

Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave................................................................................................................................ 395

IGMP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................................395

IGMP Snooping Implementation Information.......................................................................................................395

Conguring IGMP Snooping...................................................................................................................................396

Removing a Group-Port Association.....................................................................................................................396

Disabling Multicast Flooding................................................................................................................................... 397

Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router.......................................................................................397

Conguring the Switch as Querier.........................................................................................................................397

Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes...................................................................................................398

Egress Interface Selection (EIS) for HTTP and IGMP Applications........................................................................398

Protocol Separation.................................................................................................................................................399

Enabling and Disabling Management Egress Interface Selection......................................................................400

Handling of Management Route Conguration...................................................................................................400

Handling of Switch-Initiated Trac........................................................................................................................401

Handling of Switch-Destined Trac......................................................................................................................402

Handling of Transit Trac (Trac Separation).................................................................................................... 402

Mapping of Management Applications and Trac Type.....................................................................................402

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Initiated Trac ............................................................................ 403

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Destined Trac .......................................................................... 404

Interworking of EIS With Various Applications.....................................................................................................405

Designating a Multicast Router Interface...................................................................................................................406

21 Interfaces................................................................................................................................................. 407

Basic Interface Conguration.......................................................................................................................................407

Advanced Interface Conguration...............................................................................................................................407

Interface Types...............................................................................................................................................................408

View Basic Interface Information.................................................................................................................................408

Resetting an Interface to its Factory Default State................................................................................................... 410

Enabling Energy Ecient Ethernet............................................................................................................................... 411

View EEE Information.....................................................................................................................................................411

Clear EEE Counters........................................................................................................................................................415

Enabling a Physical Interface........................................................................................................................................ 416

Physical Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................... 416

Conguration Task List for Physical Interfaces.....................................................................................................417

Overview of Layer Modes....................................................................................................................................... 417

Conguring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode...................................................................................................................417

Conguring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode................................................................................................................... 418

Conguring Layer 3 (Network) Mode....................................................................................................................418

Conguring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode................................................................................................................... 419

Egress Interface Selection (EIS)...................................................................................................................................419

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 419

Conguring EIS........................................................................................................................................................ 420

Management Interfaces................................................................................................................................................420

Conguring Management Interfaces.....................................................................................................................420

Conguring a Management Interface on an Ethernet Port................................................................................422

VLAN Interfaces.............................................................................................................................................................422

Contents

13

Loopback Interfaces...................................................................................................................................................... 423

Null Interfaces................................................................................................................................................................ 424

Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................................................ 424

Port Channel Denition and Standards.................................................................................................................424

Port Channel Benets............................................................................................................................................. 424

Port Channel Implementation.................................................................................................................................424

Interfaces in Port Channels.................................................................................................................................... 425

Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces.................................................................................................425

Creating a Port Channel..........................................................................................................................................426

Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.....................................................................................................426

Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel................................................................................................428

Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel.............................................................................. 428

Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN............................................................................................. 429

Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel.......................................................................................................... 430

Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel.....................................................................................................................430

Load Balancing Through Port Channels................................................................................................................430

Changing the Hash Algorithm.................................................................................................................................431

Bulk Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 432

Interface Range........................................................................................................................................................432

Bulk Conguration Examples..................................................................................................................................432

Dening Interface Range Macros................................................................................................................................ 434

Dene the Interface Range.................................................................................................................................... 434

Choosing an Interface-Range Macro.................................................................................................................... 434

Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces........................................................................................................................434

Maintenance Using TDR.........................................................................................................................................435

Conguring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics................................................................................................436

Link Dampening..............................................................................................................................................................436

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................437

Conguration Example of Link Dampening...........................................................................................................437

Enabling Link Dampening........................................................................................................................................439

Link Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................................................. 440

Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control......................................................................................................... 441

Enabling Pause Frames............................................................................................................................................441

Congure the MTU Size on an Interface....................................................................................................................442

Port-Pipes.......................................................................................................................................................................443

Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces................................................................................................................... 443

Setting the Speed of Ethernet Interfaces............................................................................................................ 443

Set Auto-Negotiation Options................................................................................................................................444

View Advanced Interface Information.........................................................................................................................445

Conguring the Interface Sampling Size.............................................................................................................. 445

Conguring the Trac Sampling Size Globally...........................................................................................................447

Dynamic Counters......................................................................................................................................................... 448

Clearing Interface Counters....................................................................................................................................448

Compressing Conguration Files................................................................................................................................. 449

22 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec).......................................................................................................... 452

14

Contents

Conguring IPSec .........................................................................................................................................................452

23 IPv4 Routing............................................................................................................................................454

IP Addresses...................................................................................................................................................................455

Implementation Information................................................................................................................................... 455

Conguration Tasks for IP Addresses......................................................................................................................... 455

Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface.......................................................................................................................455

Conguring Static Routes............................................................................................................................................ 456

Adding description for IPv4 and IPv6 static routes............................................................................................. 457

Congure Static Routes for the Management Interface..........................................................................................458

IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview.......................................................................................................................... 458

Packet handling during MTU mismatch................................................................................................................459

Using the Congured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages..................................................................................459

Conguring the ICMP Source Interface............................................................................................................... 459

Conguring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection........................................................................................ 460

Enabling Directed Broadcast........................................................................................................................................ 460

Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................................................460

Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names.............................................................................................................461

Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains.................................................................................... 461

Conguring DNS with Traceroute................................................................................................................................462

ARP................................................................................................................................................................................. 462

Conguration Tasks for ARP........................................................................................................................................ 463

Conguring Static ARP Entries....................................................................................................................................463

Enabling Proxy ARP.......................................................................................................................................................463

Clearing ARP Cache......................................................................................................................................................464

ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................................464

Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................464

ARP Learning via ARP Request................................................................................................................................... 464

Conguring ARP Retries...............................................................................................................................................465

ICMP............................................................................................................................................................................... 466

Conguration Tasks for ICMP......................................................................................................................................466

Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages...................................................................................................................... 466

ICMP Redirects..............................................................................................................................................................466

UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................................467

Congure UDP Helper.............................................................................................................................................467

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 468

Enabling UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................468

Conguring a Broadcast Address................................................................................................................................ 468

Congurations Using UDP Helper............................................................................................................................... 469

UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses.................................................................................................................469

UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses.........................................................................................................470

UDP Helper with Congured Broadcast Addresses.................................................................................................. 470

UDP Helper with No Congured Broadcast Addresses.............................................................................................471

Troubleshooting UDP Helper.........................................................................................................................................471

24 IPv6 Routing............................................................................................................................................ 472

Contents

15

Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 472

Extended Address Space........................................................................................................................................473

Stateless Autoconguration....................................................................................................................................473

IPv6 Headers............................................................................................................................................................473

IPv6 Header Fields...................................................................................................................................................474

Extension Header Fields..........................................................................................................................................476

Addressing.................................................................................................................................................................477

Implementing IPv6 with Dell EMC Networking OS................................................................................................... 478

ICMPv6........................................................................................................................................................................... 479

Path MTU discovery..................................................................................................................................................... 480

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery..............................................................................................................................................480

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets........................................................................................................... 481

Conguration Task List for IPv6 RDNSS..................................................................................................................... 481

Conguring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server........................................................................................................ 481

Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host ..................................................................................... 482

Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information......................................................................................................................483

Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport.............................................................................................................. 483

Conguration Tasks for IPv6........................................................................................................................................ 484

Adjusting Your CAM-Prole....................................................................................................................................484

Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface...........................................................................................................485

Assigning a Static IPv6 Route................................................................................................................................485

Conguring Telnet with IPv6..................................................................................................................................486

SNMP over IPv6......................................................................................................................................................486

Displaying IPv6 Information....................................................................................................................................486

Displaying an IPv6 Interface Information...............................................................................................................487

Showing IPv6 Routes.............................................................................................................................................. 487

Showing the Running-Conguration for an Interface.........................................................................................489

Clearing IPv6 Routes...............................................................................................................................................489

Disabling ND Entry Timeout................................................................................................................................... 489

Conguring IPv6 RA Guard.......................................................................................................................................... 490

Conguring IPv6 RA Guard on an Interface..........................................................................................................491

Monitoring IPv6 RA Guard......................................................................................................................................492

25 iSCSI Optimization...................................................................................................................................493

iSCSI Optimization Overview....................................................................................................................................... 493

Monitoring iSCSI Trac Flows...............................................................................................................................495

Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Trac Flows..................................................................................... 495

Information Monitored in iSCSI Trac Flows.......................................................................................................495

Detection and Auto-Conguration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays...........................................................................496

Conguring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays.............................................................................496

Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer................................................................. 497

Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization................................................................................................................. 497

Default iSCSI Optimization Values...............................................................................................................................498

iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites................................................................................................................................. 498

Conguring iSCSI Optimization................................................................................................................................... 498

Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information................................................................................................................. 500

16

Contents

26 Intermediate System to Intermediate System.......................................................................................... 502

IS-IS Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................................... 502

IS-IS Addressing.............................................................................................................................................................502

Multi-Topology IS-IS...................................................................................................................................................... 503

Transition Mode....................................................................................................................................................... 503

Interface Support.................................................................................................................................................... 504

Adjacencies...............................................................................................................................................................504

Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................................ 504

Timers....................................................................................................................................................................... 504

Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 504

Conguration Information.............................................................................................................................................505

Conguration Tasks for IS-IS................................................................................................................................. 506

Conguring the Distance of a Route......................................................................................................................513

Changing the IS-Type...............................................................................................................................................514

Redistributing IPv4 Routes......................................................................................................................................516

Redistributing IPv6 Routes......................................................................................................................................517

Conguring Authentication Passwords..................................................................................................................518

Setting the Overload Bit..........................................................................................................................................518

Debugging IS-IS........................................................................................................................................................519

IS-IS Metric Styles.........................................................................................................................................................520

Congure Metric Values............................................................................................................................................... 520

Maximum Values in the Routing Table.................................................................................................................. 520

Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only................................................................................................520

Leaks from One Level to Another..........................................................................................................................522

Sample Congurations.................................................................................................................................................. 523

27 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)...............................................................................................525

Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP.................................................................................................................. 525

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 525

LACP Modes............................................................................................................................................................ 526

Conguring LACP Commands...............................................................................................................................526

LACP Conguration Tasks............................................................................................................................................ 527

Creating a LAG.........................................................................................................................................................527

Conguring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic........................................................................................................ 527

Setting the LACP Long Timeout............................................................................................................................528

Monitoring and Debugging LACP..........................................................................................................................528

Shared LAG State Tracking.......................................................................................................................................... 529

Conguring Shared LAG State Tracking...............................................................................................................529

Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking............................................................................................531

LACP Basic Conguration Example............................................................................................................................. 531

Congure a LAG on ALPHA....................................................................................................................................531

28 Layer 2.................................................................................................................................................... 540

Manage the MAC Address Table................................................................................................................................. 540

Clearing the MAC Address Table...........................................................................................................................540

Contents

17

Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries........................................................................................................540

Conguring a Static MAC Address........................................................................................................................ 541

Displaying the MAC Address Table.........................................................................................................................541

MAC Learning Limit........................................................................................................................................................541

Setting the MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................ 542

mac learning-limit Dynamic.....................................................................................................................................542

mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky................................................................................................................. 542

mac learning-limit station-move............................................................................................................................ 543

mac learning-limit no-station-move...................................................................................................................... 543

Learning Limit Violation Actions.............................................................................................................................543

Setting Station Move Violation Actions................................................................................................................ 544

Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations........................................................................... 544

Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System................................................................................................ 545

Enabling port security............................................................................................................................................. 545

NIC Teaming...................................................................................................................................................................545

Congure Redundant Pairs.......................................................................................................................................... 546

Important Points about Conguring Redundant Pairs........................................................................................ 548

Far-End Failure Detection.............................................................................................................................................549

FEFD State Changes.............................................................................................................................................. 550

Conguring FEFD.....................................................................................................................................................551

Enabling FEFD on an Interface............................................................................................................................... 551

Debugging FEFD......................................................................................................................................................552

29 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)..................................................................................................... 554

802.1AB (LLDP) Overview............................................................................................................................................554

Protocol Data Units................................................................................................................................................. 554

Optional TLVs.................................................................................................................................................................555

Management TLVs.................................................................................................................................................. 555

TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview................................................................................................................................ 557

TIA Organizationally Specic TLVs........................................................................................................................ 557

Congure LLDP.............................................................................................................................................................. 561

Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................561

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................561

LLDP Compatibility..................................................................................................................................................562

CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Congurations............................................................................................ 562

Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................................................562

Disabling and Undoing LLDP..................................................................................................................................563

Advertising TLVs............................................................................................................................................................ 563

Viewing the LLDP Conguration................................................................................................................................. 564

Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Neighbors................................................................................564

Examples of Viewing Information Advertised by Neighbors.............................................................................. 565

Conguring LLDPDU Intervals.....................................................................................................................................566

Conguring Transmit and Receive Mode....................................................................................................................567

Conguring the Time to Live Value............................................................................................................................. 568

Debugging LLDP............................................................................................................................................................568

Relevant Management Objects................................................................................................................................... 569

18

Contents

30 Microsoft Network Load Balancing.......................................................................................................... 575

NLB Unicast Mode Scenario........................................................................................................................................575

NLB Multicast Mode Scenario.....................................................................................................................................575

Limitations of the NLB Feature.................................................................................................................................... 576

Microsoft Clustering......................................................................................................................................................576

Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding .............................................................................................................................576

Conguring a Switch for NLB ..................................................................................................................................... 576

Enabling a Switch for Multicast NLB.....................................................................................................................577

31 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP).......................................................................................... 578

Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 578

Anycast RP.....................................................................................................................................................................579

Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 580

Congure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol........................................................................................................580

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................580

Enable MSDP................................................................................................................................................................. 584

Manage the Source-Active Cache..............................................................................................................................585

Viewing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................ 585

Limiting the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................585

Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................586

Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache....................................................................................................... 586

Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check..................................................................................... 586

Specifying Source-Active Messages...........................................................................................................................589

Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer...................................................................................................590

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source.......................................................................................................590

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source................................................................................................... 591

Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source.................................................................................................. 591

Logging Changes in Peership States...........................................................................................................................592

Terminating a Peership..................................................................................................................................................592

Clearing Peer Statistics.................................................................................................................................................593

Debugging MSDP.......................................................................................................................................................... 593

MSDP with Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................594

Conguring Anycast RP............................................................................................................................................... 595

Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding........................................................................................................ 596

Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages..............................................................................................596

MSDP Sample Congurations..................................................................................................................................... 598

32 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)................................................................................................. 601

Protocol Overview..........................................................................................................................................................601

Spanning Tree Variations.............................................................................................................................................. 602

Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................602

Congure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol................................................................................................................602

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................603

Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally...................................................................................................................... 603

Adding and Removing Interfaces.................................................................................................................................603

Contents

19

Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances................................................................................................................ 604

Inuencing MSTP Root Selection............................................................................................................................... 605

Interoperate with Non-Dell Bridges.............................................................................................................................605

Changing the Region Name or Revision.....................................................................................................................606

Modifying Global Parameters.......................................................................................................................................606

Modifying the Interface Parameters............................................................................................................................607

Setting STP path cost as constant.............................................................................................................................608

Conguring an EdgePort.............................................................................................................................................. 609

Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change....................................................................................................... 609

MSTP Sample Congurations.......................................................................................................................................610

Router 1 Running-CongurationRouter 2 Running-CongurationRouter 3 Running-

CongurationSFTOS Example Running-Conguration........................................................................................610

Debugging and Verifying MSTP Congurations......................................................................................................... 613

33 Multicast Features................................................................................................................................... 615

Enabling IP Multicast..................................................................................................................................................... 615

Implementation Information.......................................................................................................................................... 615

Multicast Policies............................................................................................................................................................616

IPv4 Multicast Policies.............................................................................................................................................616

Understanding Multicast Traceroute (mtrace)...........................................................................................................623

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................624

Printing Multicast Traceroute (mtrace) Paths........................................................................................................... 624

Supported Error Codes.................................................................................................................................................625

mtrace Scenarios...........................................................................................................................................................626

34 Object Tracking........................................................................................................................................632

Object Tracking Overview............................................................................................................................................ 632

Track Layer 2 Interfaces..........................................................................................................................................633

Track Layer 3 Interfaces..........................................................................................................................................633

Track IPv4 and IPv6 Routes................................................................................................................................... 634

Set Tracking Delays................................................................................................................................................. 635

VRRP Object Tracking............................................................................................................................................ 635

Object Tracking Conguration..................................................................................................................................... 635

Tracking a Layer 2 Interface................................................................................................................................... 635

Tracking a Layer 3 Interface................................................................................................................................... 636

Track an IPv4/IPv6 Route...................................................................................................................................... 638

Displaying Tracked Objects...........................................................................................................................................642

35 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3)....................................................................................644

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................644

Autonomous System (AS) Areas........................................................................................................................... 644

Area Types................................................................................................................................................................ 645

Networks and Neighbors........................................................................................................................................646

Router Types............................................................................................................................................................ 646

Designated and Backup Designated Routers....................................................................................................... 648

Link-State Advertisements (LSAs)........................................................................................................................648

20

Contents

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