Dell PowerSwitch S4820T Owner's manual

Category
Software
Type
Owner's manual
Dell Conguration Guide for the S4820T System
9.14.1.5
Notes, cautions, and warnings
NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product.
CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.
WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.
© 2019 Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved. Dell, EMC, and other trademarks are trademarks of Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. Other trademarks
may be trademarks of their respective owners.
2019 - 05
Rev. A00
Contents
1 About this Guide...........................................................................................................................................35
Audience........................................................................................................................................................................... 35
Conventions......................................................................................................................................................................35
Related Documents......................................................................................................................................................... 35
2 Conguration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................ 36
Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................36
CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................36
Navigating CLI Modes............................................................................................................................................... 38
The do Command............................................................................................................................................................. 41
Undoing Commands.........................................................................................................................................................41
Obtaining Help..................................................................................................................................................................42
Entering and Editing Commands....................................................................................................................................42
Command History............................................................................................................................................................ 43
Filtering show Command Outputs.................................................................................................................................43
Example of the grep Keyword.................................................................................................................................. 43
Multiple Users in Conguration Mode...........................................................................................................................44
3 Getting Started............................................................................................................................................45
Console Access................................................................................................................................................................46
Serial Console.............................................................................................................................................................46
Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH....................................................................................47
Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection..............................................................................................47
Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection........................................................................................ 47
Default Conguration...................................................................................................................................................... 48
Conguring a Host Name............................................................................................................................................... 48
Accessing the System Remotely....................................................................................................................................48
Accessing the System Remotely..............................................................................................................................48
Congure the Management Port IP Address......................................................................................................... 48
Congure a Management Route..............................................................................................................................49
Conguring a Username and Password..................................................................................................................49
Conguring the Enable Password..................................................................................................................................50
Conguration File Management.....................................................................................................................................50
Copy Files to and from the System..........................................................................................................................51
Mounting an NFS File System...................................................................................................................................51
Save the Running-Conguration..............................................................................................................................53
Congure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario............................................................................................... 54
Viewing Files...............................................................................................................................................................54
Managing the File System.............................................................................................................................................. 55
Enabling Software Features on Devices Using a Command Option......................................................................... 55
View Command History.................................................................................................................................................. 56
Upgrading Dell EMC Networking OS.............................................................................................................................57
Contents
3
Using HTTP for File Transfers........................................................................................................................................ 57
Verify Software Images Before Installation...................................................................................................................58
4 Management............................................................................................................................................... 60
Conguring Privilege Levels........................................................................................................................................... 60
Creating a Custom Privilege Level............................................................................................................................61
Removing a Command from EXEC Mode............................................................................................................... 61
Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode........................................................................ 61
Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands.....................................................................................61
Allowing Access to Dierent Modes........................................................................................................................ 61
Applying a Privilege Level to a Username............................................................................................................... 63
Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line.......................................................................................................... 63
Conguring Logging........................................................................................................................................................ 63
Audit and Security Logs............................................................................................................................................ 64
Conguring Logging Format ...................................................................................................................................66
Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration..................................................................................66
Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server.............................................................................................67
Log Messages in the Internal Buer..............................................................................................................................68
Conguration Task List for System Log Management.......................................................................................... 68
Disabling System Logging............................................................................................................................................... 68
Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................68
Conguring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.....................................................................................................69
Track Login Activity......................................................................................................................................................... 69
Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity.................................................................................................................. 69
Conguring Login Activity Tracking.........................................................................................................................69
Display Login Statistics..............................................................................................................................................70
Limit Concurrent Login Sessions.....................................................................................................................................71
Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions............................................................................. 71
Conguring Concurrent Session Limit......................................................................................................................71
Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions.................................................................................................... 72
Enabling Secured CLI Mode............................................................................................................................................73
Changing System Logging Settings...............................................................................................................................73
Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration........................................................................................ 74
Conguring a UNIX Logging Facility Level.................................................................................................................... 74
Synchronizing Log Messages......................................................................................................................................... 75
Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages.................................................................................................................... 76
File Transfer Services.......................................................................................................................................................79
Conguration Task List for File Transfer Services..................................................................................................79
Enabling the FTP Server........................................................................................................................................... 79
Conguring FTP Server Parameters........................................................................................................................79
Conguring FTP Client Parameters.........................................................................................................................80
Terminal Lines...................................................................................................................................................................80
Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line.................................................................................................81
Conguring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines.............................................................................................82
Setting Timeout for EXEC Privilege Mode................................................................................................................... 83
Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device..........................................................................................................83
4
Contents
Lock CONFIGURATION Mode....................................................................................................................................... 84
Viewing the Conguration Lock Status...................................................................................................................84
Recovering from a Forgotten Password....................................................................................................................... 84
Recovering from a Forgotten Enable Password.................................................................................................... 85
Recovering from a Failed Start...................................................................................................................................... 86
Restoring the Factory Default Settings.........................................................................................................................87
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................87
Restoring Factory Default Environment Variables..................................................................................................87
Dell EMC Networking OS Security Hardening............................................................................................................. 88
Dell EMC Networking OS Image Verication......................................................................................................... 89
Startup Conguration Verication...........................................................................................................................90
Conguring the root User Password........................................................................................................................91
Locking Access to GRUB Interface..........................................................................................................................91
Enabling User Lockout for Failed Login Attempts..................................................................................................92
5 802.1X..........................................................................................................................................................93
Port-Authentication Process..........................................................................................................................................95
EAP over RADIUS......................................................................................................................................................95
Conguring 802.1X...........................................................................................................................................................96
Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 96
Important Points to Remember......................................................................................................................................96
Enabling 802.1X.................................................................................................................................................................97
Conguring MAC addresses for a do1x Prole.............................................................................................................98
Conguring Request Identity Re-Transmissions...........................................................................................................99
Conguring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication..................................................................................... 99
Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port..............................................................................................................100
Re-Authenticating a Port............................................................................................................................................... 101
Conguring Timeouts.....................................................................................................................................................102
Conguring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication......................................................................... 103
Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs.........................................................................................................................104
Conguring a Guest VLAN......................................................................................................................................104
Conguring an Authentication-Fail VLAN............................................................................................................. 104
Conguring dot1x Prole .............................................................................................................................................. 105
Conguring the Static MAB and MAB Prole ........................................................................................................... 106
Conguring Critical VLAN ............................................................................................................................................ 107
6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM).................................. 108
Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs................................................................. 108
Guidelines for Conguring ACL VLAN Groups........................................................................................................... 109
Conguring ACL VLAN Groups and Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters...............................................109
Conguring ACL VLAN Groups.............................................................................................................................. 109
Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters........................................................................................................110
Viewing CAM Usage........................................................................................................................................................111
Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes................................................................................................................... 112
7 Access Control Lists (ACLs)........................................................................................................................114
Contents
5
IP Access Control Lists (ACLs)......................................................................................................................................115
CAM Usage................................................................................................................................................................116
Implementing ACLs on Dell EMC Networking OS.................................................................................................116
IP Fragment Handling..................................................................................................................................................... 118
IP Fragments ACL Examples................................................................................................................................... 118
Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples................................................................................................................................... 119
Congure a Standard IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................119
Conguring a Standard IP ACL Filter..................................................................................................................... 120
Congure an Extended IP ACL......................................................................................................................................121
Conguring Filters with a Sequence Number........................................................................................................121
Conguring Filters Without a Sequence Number.................................................................................................123
Congure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs............................................................................................................................123
Assign an IP ACL to an Interface..................................................................................................................................124
Applying an IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................................124
Counting ACL Hits....................................................................................................................................................125
Congure Ingress ACLs................................................................................................................................................. 125
Congure Egress ACLs.................................................................................................................................................. 126
Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane).....................................................................................................127
IP Prex Lists...................................................................................................................................................................127
Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 128
Conguration Task List for Prex Lists.................................................................................................................. 128
ACL Remarks................................................................................................................................................................... 131
Conguring a Remark............................................................................................................................................... 131
Deleting a Remark.................................................................................................................................................... 132
ACL Resequencing......................................................................................................................................................... 133
Resequencing an ACL or Prex List.......................................................................................................................133
Route Maps.....................................................................................................................................................................134
Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 134
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................... 135
Conguration Task List for Route Maps................................................................................................................ 135
Conguring Match Routes...................................................................................................................................... 137
Conguring Set Conditions..................................................................................................................................... 138
Congure a Route Map for Route Redistribution.................................................................................................139
Congure a Route Map for Route Tagging........................................................................................................... 140
Continue Clause........................................................................................................................................................140
Logging of ACL Processes............................................................................................................................................. 141
Guidelines for Conguring ACL Logging.................................................................................................................141
Conguring ACL Logging.........................................................................................................................................142
Flow-Based Monitoring..................................................................................................................................................142
Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring.......................................................................................................................143
Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring............................................................................................................................144
8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD).................................................................................................. 146
How BFD Works............................................................................................................................................................. 146
BFD Packet Format..................................................................................................................................................147
BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................ 148
6
Contents
BFD Three-Way Handshake.................................................................................................................................... 149
Session State Changes.............................................................................................................................................151
Important Points to Remember.....................................................................................................................................151
Congure BFD................................................................................................................................................................ 152
Congure BFD for Physical Ports...........................................................................................................................152
Congure BFD for Static Routes............................................................................................................................154
Congure BFD for OSPF.........................................................................................................................................156
Congure BFD for OSPFv3.....................................................................................................................................160
Congure BFD for IS-IS...........................................................................................................................................163
Congure BFD for BGP...........................................................................................................................................165
Congure BFD for VRRP.........................................................................................................................................173
Conguring Protocol Liveness................................................................................................................................ 176
Troubleshooting BFD................................................................................................................................................176
9 Border Gateway Protocol (BGP).................................................................................................................178
BGP IP version 4 (BGPv4) Overview.......................................................................................................................... 178
BGP Autonomous Systems..................................................................................................................................... 178
AS4 Number Representation.................................................................................................................................. 180
Four-Byte AS Numbers............................................................................................................................................182
BGP router ID............................................................................................................................................................182
Sessions and Peers...................................................................................................................................................182
Establish a Session................................................................................................................................................... 183
BGP Attributes for selecting Best Path.................................................................................................................183
Multiprotocol BGP....................................................................................................................................................188
BGP global and address family conguration........................................................................................................189
Implement BGP with Dell EMC Networking OS....................................................................................................191
Conguration Information........................................................................................................................................194
Basic BGP conguration tasks......................................................................................................................................194
Prerequisite for conguring a BGP network......................................................................................................... 194
Restrictions............................................................................................................................................................... 195
Enabling BGP............................................................................................................................................................ 195
Enabling four-byte autonomous system numbers................................................................................................ 197
Changing a BGP router ID.......................................................................................................................................198
Conguring AS4 Number Representations........................................................................................................... 198
Conguring a BGP peer..........................................................................................................................................200
Example-Conguring BGP routing between peers.............................................................................................. 201
BGP peer group....................................................................................................................................................... 202
Advanced BGP conguration tasks.............................................................................................................................208
Route-refresh and Soft-reconguration............................................................................................................... 209
Aggregating Routes.................................................................................................................................................. 211
Filtering BGP.............................................................................................................................................................213
Conguring BGP Fast Fall-Over............................................................................................................................ 220
Conguring Passive Peering................................................................................................................................... 221
Enabling Graceful Restart.......................................................................................................................................222
Redistributing Routes..............................................................................................................................................223
Enabling Additional Paths........................................................................................................................................224
Contents
7
Conguring IP Community Lists............................................................................................................................ 225
Conguring an IP Extended Community List....................................................................................................... 226
Congure BGP attributes........................................................................................................................................227
Enabling Multipath....................................................................................................................................................231
Route Reectors......................................................................................................................................................232
Enabling Route Flap Dampening............................................................................................................................ 233
Changing BGP keepalive and hold timers.............................................................................................................235
Setting the extended timer.................................................................................................................................... 236
Enabling or disabling BGP neighbors..................................................................................................................... 237
Route Map Continue............................................................................................................................................... 238
Conguring BGP Confederations.......................................................................................................................... 238
Conguring a BGP VRF address family................................................................................................................ 239
Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration................................................................................ 240
Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path....................................................................................... 241
Enabling MBGP Congurations..............................................................................................................................242
MBGP support for IPv6.......................................................................................................................................... 242
Conguring IPv6 MBGP between peers...............................................................................................................243
Example-Conguring IPv4 and IPv6 neighbors................................................................................................... 244
Congure IPv6 NH Automatically for IPv6 Prex Advertised over IPv4 Neighbor......................................... 246
BGP Regular Expression Optimization..................................................................................................................248
Debugging BGP........................................................................................................................................................248
10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM)....................................................................................................... 251
CAM Allocation............................................................................................................................................................... 251
Test CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................253
View CAM Proles.........................................................................................................................................................253
View CAM-ACL Settings.............................................................................................................................................. 254
View CAM Usage...........................................................................................................................................................255
Conguring CAM Threshold and Silence Period........................................................................................................256
Setting CAM Threshold and Silence Period......................................................................................................... 256
CAM Optimization..........................................................................................................................................................257
Troubleshoot CAM Proling..........................................................................................................................................257
QoS CAM Region Limitation...................................................................................................................................257
11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP).................................................................................................................. 259
Congure Control Plane Policing................................................................................................................................. 260
Conguring CoPP for Protocols............................................................................................................................. 261
Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues...................................................................................................................... 263
CoPP for OSPFv3 Packets.....................................................................................................................................264
Conguring CoPP for OSPFv3...............................................................................................................................267
Displaying CoPP Conguration ............................................................................................................................. 267
12 Data Center Bridging (DCB)..................................................................................................................... 270
Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging......................................................................................................270
Priority-Based Flow Control.................................................................................................................................... 271
Enhanced Transmission Selection..........................................................................................................................272
8
Contents
Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx)...............................................................................................273
Data Center Bridging in a Trac Flow...................................................................................................................274
Enabling Data Center Bridging......................................................................................................................................274
DCB Maps and its Attributes..................................................................................................................................275
Data Center Bridging: Default Conguration..............................................................................................................276
Conguring Priority-Based Flow Control.................................................................................................................... 276
Conguring Lossless Queues..................................................................................................................................277
Conguring PFC in a DCB Map....................................................................................................................................278
PFC Conguration Notes........................................................................................................................................278
PFC Prerequisites and Restrictions....................................................................................................................... 279
Applying a DCB Map on a Port.................................................................................................................................... 279
Conguring PFC without a DCB Map.........................................................................................................................280
Conguring Lossless QueuesExample:..................................................................................................................280
Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buer Method.................................................................................... 281
Pause and Resume of Trac..................................................................................................................................282
Buer Sizes for Lossless or PFC Packets.............................................................................................................282
Behavior of Tagged Packets.........................................................................................................................................282
Conguration Example for DSCP and PFC Priorities................................................................................................283
Using PFC to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac...................................................................................................284
Congure Enhanced Transmission Selection..............................................................................................................284
ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions....................................................................................................................... 284
Creating an ETS Priority Group..............................................................................................................................284
ETS Operation with DCBx......................................................................................................................................286
Conguring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN................................................................................................ 286
Conguring ETS in a DCB Map..............................................................................................................................287
Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies......................................................................................................... 288
Using ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac...................................................................................................289
Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack.................................................................................................................... 289
Congure a DCBx Operation........................................................................................................................................289
DCBx Operation.......................................................................................................................................................289
DCBx Port Roles......................................................................................................................................................290
DCB Conguration Exchange................................................................................................................................. 291
Conguration Source Election................................................................................................................................ 291
Propagation of DCB Information............................................................................................................................292
Auto-Detection and Manual Conguration of the DCBx Version...................................................................... 292
DCBx Example..........................................................................................................................................................293
DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions.....................................................................................................................293
Conguring DCBx....................................................................................................................................................293
Verifying the DCB Conguration..................................................................................................................................297
Sample DCB Conguration...........................................................................................................................................305
PFC and ETS Conguration Command Examples...............................................................................................307
QoS dot1p Trac Classication and Queue Assignment.......................................................................................... 307
Conguring the Dynamic Buer Method................................................................................................................... 308
13 Dynamic Host Conguration Protocol (DHCP)..........................................................................................310
DHCP Packet Format and Options.............................................................................................................................. 310
Contents
9
Assign an IP Address using DHCP................................................................................................................................312
Implementation Information.......................................................................................................................................... 313
Congure the System to be a DHCP Server.............................................................................................................. 313
Conguring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation...................................................................................314
Specifying a Default Gateway.................................................................................................................................315
Congure a Method of Hostname Resolution...................................................................................................... 315
Using DNS for Address Resolution.........................................................................................................................315
Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution...................................................................................................... 316
Creating Manual Binding Entries............................................................................................................................ 316
Debugging the DHCP Server..................................................................................................................................316
Using DHCP Clear Commands................................................................................................................................317
Congure the System to be a Relay Agent................................................................................................................. 317
Congure the System to be a DHCP Client................................................................................................................319
DHCP Client Operation with Other Features........................................................................................................319
DHCP Client on a Management Interface............................................................................................................320
Congure the System for User Port Stacking (Option 230).................................................................................... 321
Conguring DHCP relay source interface....................................................................................................................321
Global DHCP relay source IPv4 or IPv6 conguration ........................................................................................321
Interface level DHCP relay source IPv4 or IPv6 conguration ..........................................................................322
Congure Secure DHCP............................................................................................................................................... 323
Option 82.................................................................................................................................................................. 323
DHCPv6 relay agent options.................................................................................................................................. 324
DHCP Snooping....................................................................................................................................................... 324
Conguring the DHCP secondary-subnet............................................................................................................329
Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only....................................................................................................329
Dynamic ARP Inspection........................................................................................................................................ 330
Conguring Dynamic ARP Inspection................................................................................................................... 330
Source Address Validation............................................................................................................................................ 332
Enabling IP Source Address Validation.................................................................................................................. 332
DHCP MAC Source Address Validation................................................................................................................ 333
Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation.......................................................................................................333
Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets....................................................................................................334
Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets................................................................................................... 334
14 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)................................................................................................................ 335
ECMP for Flow-Based Anity.....................................................................................................................................335
Conguring the Hash Algorithm............................................................................................................................ 335
Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop.............................................................................................................. 335
Conguring the Hash Algorithm Seed.................................................................................................................. 336
Link Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................................................. 336
Managing ECMP Group Paths...............................................................................................................................337
Creating an ECMP Group Bundle.......................................................................................................................... 337
Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold.................................................................................................................337
RTAG7.............................................................................................................................................................................338
Flow-based Hashing for ECMP................................................................................................................................... 339
10
Contents
15 FIP Snooping............................................................................................................................................342
Fibre Channel over Ethernet........................................................................................................................................ 342
Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network............................................................................................ 342
FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges.............................................................................................................................. 344
FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack...................................................................................................................................346
Using FIP Snooping....................................................................................................................................................... 346
FIP Snooping Prerequisites.....................................................................................................................................346
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 346
Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature........................................................................................................................ 347
Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs.............................................................................................................................348
Congure the FC-MAP Value................................................................................................................................ 348
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link.......................................................................................................348
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link...........................................................................................................348
Impact on Other Software Features..................................................................................................................... 348
FIP Snooping Restrictions...................................................................................................................................... 349
Conguring FIP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................349
Displaying FIP Snooping Information...........................................................................................................................350
FCoE Transit Conguration Example.......................................................................................................................... 355
16 FIPS Cryptography...................................................................................................................................357
Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................................... 357
Preparing the System....................................................................................................................................................357
Enabling FIPS Mode......................................................................................................................................................358
Generating Host-Keys...................................................................................................................................................358
Monitoring FIPS Mode Status..................................................................................................................................... 358
Disabling FIPS Mode..................................................................................................................................................... 359
17 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)................................................................................................... 360
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................360
Ring Status................................................................................................................................................................361
Multiple FRRP Rings................................................................................................................................................ 361
Important FRRP Points...........................................................................................................................................362
Important FRRP Concepts..................................................................................................................................... 363
Implementing FRRP.......................................................................................................................................................364
FRRP Conguration...................................................................................................................................................... 364
Creating the FRRP Group.......................................................................................................................................364
Conguring the Control VLAN...............................................................................................................................365
Conguring and Adding the Member VLANs...................................................................................................... 366
Setting the FRRP Timers........................................................................................................................................367
Clearing the FRRP Counters.................................................................................................................................. 367
Viewing the FRRP Conguration........................................................................................................................... 367
Viewing the FRRP Information...............................................................................................................................367
Troubleshooting FRRP.................................................................................................................................................. 368
Conguration Checks..............................................................................................................................................368
Sample Conguration and Topology............................................................................................................................368
Contents
11
FRRP Support on VLT...................................................................................................................................................369
Example Scenario.....................................................................................................................................................370
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 371
18 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP).............................................................................................. 372
Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................................372
Congure GVRP.............................................................................................................................................................373
Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 373
Enabling GVRP Globally.................................................................................................................................................374
Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface........................................................................................................................ 374
Congure GVRP Registration.......................................................................................................................................374
Congure a GARP Timer...............................................................................................................................................375
RPM Redundancy..........................................................................................................................................................375
19 High Availability (HA)................................................................................................................................377
Component Redundancy...............................................................................................................................................377
RPM Redundancy.................................................................................................................................................... 377
Automatic and Manual Stack Unit Failover...........................................................................................................379
Support for RPM Redundancy by Dell EMC Networking OS Version.............................................................. 380
Synchronization between Management and Standby Units..............................................................................380
Conguring RPM Redundancy.............................................................................................................................. 380
Online Insertion and Removal........................................................................................................................................381
RPM Online Insertion and Removal........................................................................................................................381
Linecard Online Insertion and Removal................................................................................................................. 382
Hitless Behavior............................................................................................................................................................. 383
Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................................................383
Software Resiliency....................................................................................................................................................... 384
Software Component Health Monitoring............................................................................................................. 384
System Health Monitoring......................................................................................................................................384
Failure and Event Logging.......................................................................................................................................384
Hot-Lock Behavior.........................................................................................................................................................385
Process Restartability................................................................................................................................................... 385
Enabling Process Restartability..............................................................................................................................385
20 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)......................................................................................... 387
IGMP Implementation Information...............................................................................................................................387
IGMP Protocol Overview.............................................................................................................................................. 387
IGMP Version 2........................................................................................................................................................ 387
IGMP Version 3........................................................................................................................................................ 389
Congure IGMP............................................................................................................................................................. 392
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................392
Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces............................................................................................................................... 393
Selecting an IGMP Version...........................................................................................................................................393
Viewing IGMP Groups...................................................................................................................................................394
Adjusting Timers............................................................................................................................................................ 394
Adjusting Query and Response Timers................................................................................................................. 394
12
Contents
Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave................................................................................................................................ 395
IGMP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................................395
IGMP Snooping Implementation Information.......................................................................................................395
Conguring IGMP Snooping...................................................................................................................................396
Removing a Group-Port Association.....................................................................................................................396
Disabling Multicast Flooding................................................................................................................................... 397
Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router.......................................................................................397
Conguring the Switch as Querier.........................................................................................................................397
Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes...................................................................................................398
Egress Interface Selection (EIS) for HTTP and IGMP Applications........................................................................398
Protocol Separation.................................................................................................................................................399
Enabling and Disabling Management Egress Interface Selection......................................................................400
Handling of Management Route Conguration...................................................................................................400
Handling of Switch-Initiated Trac........................................................................................................................401
Handling of Switch-Destined Trac......................................................................................................................402
Handling of Transit Trac (Trac Separation).................................................................................................... 402
Mapping of Management Applications and Trac Type.....................................................................................402
Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Initiated Trac ............................................................................ 403
Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Destined Trac .......................................................................... 404
Interworking of EIS With Various Applications.....................................................................................................405
Designating a Multicast Router Interface...................................................................................................................406
21 Interfaces................................................................................................................................................. 407
Basic Interface Conguration.......................................................................................................................................407
Advanced Interface Conguration...............................................................................................................................407
Interface Types...............................................................................................................................................................408
View Basic Interface Information.................................................................................................................................408
Resetting an Interface to its Factory Default State................................................................................................... 410
Enabling Energy Ecient Ethernet............................................................................................................................... 411
View EEE Information.....................................................................................................................................................411
Clear EEE Counters........................................................................................................................................................415
Enabling a Physical Interface........................................................................................................................................ 416
Physical Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................... 416
Conguration Task List for Physical Interfaces.....................................................................................................417
Overview of Layer Modes....................................................................................................................................... 417
Conguring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode...................................................................................................................417
Conguring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode................................................................................................................... 418
Conguring Layer 3 (Network) Mode....................................................................................................................418
Conguring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode................................................................................................................... 419
Egress Interface Selection (EIS)...................................................................................................................................419
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 419
Conguring EIS........................................................................................................................................................ 420
Management Interfaces................................................................................................................................................420
Conguring Management Interfaces.....................................................................................................................420
Conguring a Management Interface on an Ethernet Port................................................................................422
VLAN Interfaces.............................................................................................................................................................422
Contents
13
Loopback Interfaces...................................................................................................................................................... 423
Null Interfaces................................................................................................................................................................ 424
Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................................................ 424
Port Channel Denition and Standards.................................................................................................................424
Port Channel Benets............................................................................................................................................. 424
Port Channel Implementation.................................................................................................................................424
Interfaces in Port Channels.................................................................................................................................... 425
Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces.................................................................................................425
Creating a Port Channel..........................................................................................................................................426
Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.....................................................................................................426
Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel................................................................................................428
Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel.............................................................................. 428
Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN............................................................................................. 429
Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel.......................................................................................................... 430
Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel.....................................................................................................................430
Load Balancing Through Port Channels................................................................................................................430
Changing the Hash Algorithm.................................................................................................................................431
Bulk Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 432
Interface Range........................................................................................................................................................432
Bulk Conguration Examples..................................................................................................................................432
Dening Interface Range Macros................................................................................................................................ 434
Dene the Interface Range.................................................................................................................................... 434
Choosing an Interface-Range Macro.................................................................................................................... 434
Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces........................................................................................................................434
Maintenance Using TDR.........................................................................................................................................435
Conguring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics................................................................................................436
Link Dampening..............................................................................................................................................................436
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................437
Conguration Example of Link Dampening...........................................................................................................437
Enabling Link Dampening........................................................................................................................................439
Link Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................................................. 440
Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control......................................................................................................... 441
Enabling Pause Frames............................................................................................................................................441
Congure the MTU Size on an Interface....................................................................................................................442
Port-Pipes.......................................................................................................................................................................443
Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces................................................................................................................... 443
Setting the Speed of Ethernet Interfaces............................................................................................................ 443
Set Auto-Negotiation Options................................................................................................................................444
View Advanced Interface Information.........................................................................................................................445
Conguring the Interface Sampling Size.............................................................................................................. 445
Conguring the Trac Sampling Size Globally...........................................................................................................447
Dynamic Counters......................................................................................................................................................... 448
Clearing Interface Counters....................................................................................................................................448
Compressing Conguration Files................................................................................................................................. 449
22 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec).......................................................................................................... 452
14
Contents
Conguring IPSec .........................................................................................................................................................452
23 IPv4 Routing............................................................................................................................................454
IP Addresses...................................................................................................................................................................455
Implementation Information................................................................................................................................... 455
Conguration Tasks for IP Addresses......................................................................................................................... 455
Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface.......................................................................................................................455
Conguring Static Routes............................................................................................................................................ 456
Adding description for IPv4 and IPv6 static routes............................................................................................. 457
Congure Static Routes for the Management Interface..........................................................................................458
IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview.......................................................................................................................... 458
Packet handling during MTU mismatch................................................................................................................459
Using the Congured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages..................................................................................459
Conguring the ICMP Source Interface............................................................................................................... 459
Conguring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection........................................................................................ 460
Enabling Directed Broadcast........................................................................................................................................ 460
Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................................................460
Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names.............................................................................................................461
Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains.................................................................................... 461
Conguring DNS with Traceroute................................................................................................................................462
ARP................................................................................................................................................................................. 462
Conguration Tasks for ARP........................................................................................................................................ 463
Conguring Static ARP Entries....................................................................................................................................463
Enabling Proxy ARP.......................................................................................................................................................463
Clearing ARP Cache......................................................................................................................................................464
ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................................464
Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................464
ARP Learning via ARP Request................................................................................................................................... 464
Conguring ARP Retries...............................................................................................................................................465
ICMP............................................................................................................................................................................... 466
Conguration Tasks for ICMP......................................................................................................................................466
Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages...................................................................................................................... 466
ICMP Redirects..............................................................................................................................................................466
UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................................467
Congure UDP Helper.............................................................................................................................................467
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 468
Enabling UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................468
Conguring a Broadcast Address................................................................................................................................ 468
Congurations Using UDP Helper............................................................................................................................... 469
UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses.................................................................................................................469
UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses.........................................................................................................470
UDP Helper with Congured Broadcast Addresses.................................................................................................. 470
UDP Helper with No Congured Broadcast Addresses.............................................................................................471
Troubleshooting UDP Helper.........................................................................................................................................471
24 IPv6 Routing............................................................................................................................................ 472
Contents
15
Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 472
Extended Address Space........................................................................................................................................473
Stateless Autoconguration....................................................................................................................................473
IPv6 Headers............................................................................................................................................................473
IPv6 Header Fields...................................................................................................................................................474
Extension Header Fields..........................................................................................................................................476
Addressing.................................................................................................................................................................477
Implementing IPv6 with Dell EMC Networking OS................................................................................................... 478
ICMPv6........................................................................................................................................................................... 479
Path MTU discovery..................................................................................................................................................... 480
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery..............................................................................................................................................480
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets........................................................................................................... 481
Conguration Task List for IPv6 RDNSS..................................................................................................................... 481
Conguring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server........................................................................................................ 481
Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host ..................................................................................... 482
Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information......................................................................................................................483
Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport.............................................................................................................. 483
Conguration Tasks for IPv6........................................................................................................................................ 484
Adjusting Your CAM-Prole....................................................................................................................................484
Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface...........................................................................................................485
Assigning a Static IPv6 Route................................................................................................................................485
Conguring Telnet with IPv6..................................................................................................................................486
SNMP over IPv6......................................................................................................................................................486
Displaying IPv6 Information....................................................................................................................................486
Displaying an IPv6 Interface Information...............................................................................................................487
Showing IPv6 Routes.............................................................................................................................................. 487
Showing the Running-Conguration for an Interface.........................................................................................489
Clearing IPv6 Routes...............................................................................................................................................489
Disabling ND Entry Timeout................................................................................................................................... 489
Conguring IPv6 RA Guard.......................................................................................................................................... 490
Conguring IPv6 RA Guard on an Interface..........................................................................................................491
Monitoring IPv6 RA Guard......................................................................................................................................492
25 iSCSI Optimization...................................................................................................................................493
iSCSI Optimization Overview....................................................................................................................................... 493
Monitoring iSCSI Trac Flows...............................................................................................................................495
Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Trac Flows..................................................................................... 495
Information Monitored in iSCSI Trac Flows.......................................................................................................495
Detection and Auto-Conguration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays...........................................................................496
Conguring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays.............................................................................496
Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer................................................................. 497
Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization................................................................................................................. 497
Default iSCSI Optimization Values...............................................................................................................................498
iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites................................................................................................................................. 498
Conguring iSCSI Optimization................................................................................................................................... 498
Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information................................................................................................................. 500
16
Contents
26 Intermediate System to Intermediate System.......................................................................................... 502
IS-IS Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................................... 502
IS-IS Addressing.............................................................................................................................................................502
Multi-Topology IS-IS...................................................................................................................................................... 503
Transition Mode....................................................................................................................................................... 503
Interface Support.................................................................................................................................................... 504
Adjacencies...............................................................................................................................................................504
Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................................ 504
Timers....................................................................................................................................................................... 504
Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 504
Conguration Information.............................................................................................................................................505
Conguration Tasks for IS-IS................................................................................................................................. 506
Conguring the Distance of a Route......................................................................................................................513
Changing the IS-Type...............................................................................................................................................514
Redistributing IPv4 Routes......................................................................................................................................516
Redistributing IPv6 Routes......................................................................................................................................517
Conguring Authentication Passwords..................................................................................................................518
Setting the Overload Bit..........................................................................................................................................518
Debugging IS-IS........................................................................................................................................................519
IS-IS Metric Styles.........................................................................................................................................................520
Congure Metric Values............................................................................................................................................... 520
Maximum Values in the Routing Table.................................................................................................................. 520
Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only................................................................................................520
Leaks from One Level to Another..........................................................................................................................522
Sample Congurations.................................................................................................................................................. 523
27 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)...............................................................................................525
Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP.................................................................................................................. 525
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 525
LACP Modes............................................................................................................................................................ 526
Conguring LACP Commands...............................................................................................................................526
LACP Conguration Tasks............................................................................................................................................ 527
Creating a LAG.........................................................................................................................................................527
Conguring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic........................................................................................................ 527
Setting the LACP Long Timeout............................................................................................................................528
Monitoring and Debugging LACP..........................................................................................................................528
Shared LAG State Tracking.......................................................................................................................................... 529
Conguring Shared LAG State Tracking...............................................................................................................529
Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking............................................................................................531
LACP Basic Conguration Example............................................................................................................................. 531
Congure a LAG on ALPHA....................................................................................................................................531
28 Layer 2.................................................................................................................................................... 540
Manage the MAC Address Table................................................................................................................................. 540
Clearing the MAC Address Table...........................................................................................................................540
Contents
17
Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries........................................................................................................540
Conguring a Static MAC Address........................................................................................................................ 541
Displaying the MAC Address Table.........................................................................................................................541
MAC Learning Limit........................................................................................................................................................541
Setting the MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................ 542
mac learning-limit Dynamic.....................................................................................................................................542
mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky................................................................................................................. 542
mac learning-limit station-move............................................................................................................................ 543
mac learning-limit no-station-move...................................................................................................................... 543
Learning Limit Violation Actions.............................................................................................................................543
Setting Station Move Violation Actions................................................................................................................ 544
Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations........................................................................... 544
Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System................................................................................................ 545
Enabling port security............................................................................................................................................. 545
NIC Teaming...................................................................................................................................................................545
Congure Redundant Pairs.......................................................................................................................................... 546
Important Points about Conguring Redundant Pairs........................................................................................ 548
Far-End Failure Detection.............................................................................................................................................549
FEFD State Changes.............................................................................................................................................. 550
Conguring FEFD.....................................................................................................................................................551
Enabling FEFD on an Interface............................................................................................................................... 551
Debugging FEFD......................................................................................................................................................552
29 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)..................................................................................................... 554
802.1AB (LLDP) Overview............................................................................................................................................554
Protocol Data Units................................................................................................................................................. 554
Optional TLVs.................................................................................................................................................................555
Management TLVs.................................................................................................................................................. 555
TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview................................................................................................................................ 557
TIA Organizationally Specic TLVs........................................................................................................................ 557
Congure LLDP.............................................................................................................................................................. 561
Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................561
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................561
LLDP Compatibility..................................................................................................................................................562
CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Congurations............................................................................................ 562
Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................................................562
Disabling and Undoing LLDP..................................................................................................................................563
Advertising TLVs............................................................................................................................................................ 563
Viewing the LLDP Conguration................................................................................................................................. 564
Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Neighbors................................................................................564
Examples of Viewing Information Advertised by Neighbors.............................................................................. 565
Conguring LLDPDU Intervals.....................................................................................................................................566
Conguring Transmit and Receive Mode....................................................................................................................567
Conguring the Time to Live Value............................................................................................................................. 568
Debugging LLDP............................................................................................................................................................568
Relevant Management Objects................................................................................................................................... 569
18
Contents
30 Microsoft Network Load Balancing.......................................................................................................... 575
NLB Unicast Mode Scenario........................................................................................................................................575
NLB Multicast Mode Scenario.....................................................................................................................................575
Limitations of the NLB Feature.................................................................................................................................... 576
Microsoft Clustering......................................................................................................................................................576
Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding .............................................................................................................................576
Conguring a Switch for NLB ..................................................................................................................................... 576
Enabling a Switch for Multicast NLB.....................................................................................................................577
31 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP).......................................................................................... 578
Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 578
Anycast RP.....................................................................................................................................................................579
Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 580
Congure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol........................................................................................................580
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................580
Enable MSDP................................................................................................................................................................. 584
Manage the Source-Active Cache..............................................................................................................................585
Viewing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................ 585
Limiting the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................585
Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................586
Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache....................................................................................................... 586
Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check..................................................................................... 586
Specifying Source-Active Messages...........................................................................................................................589
Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer...................................................................................................590
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source.......................................................................................................590
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source................................................................................................... 591
Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source.................................................................................................. 591
Logging Changes in Peership States...........................................................................................................................592
Terminating a Peership..................................................................................................................................................592
Clearing Peer Statistics.................................................................................................................................................593
Debugging MSDP.......................................................................................................................................................... 593
MSDP with Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................594
Conguring Anycast RP............................................................................................................................................... 595
Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding........................................................................................................ 596
Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages..............................................................................................596
MSDP Sample Congurations..................................................................................................................................... 598
32 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)................................................................................................. 601
Protocol Overview..........................................................................................................................................................601
Spanning Tree Variations.............................................................................................................................................. 602
Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................602
Congure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol................................................................................................................602
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................603
Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally...................................................................................................................... 603
Adding and Removing Interfaces.................................................................................................................................603
Contents
19
Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances................................................................................................................ 604
Inuencing MSTP Root Selection............................................................................................................................... 605
Interoperate with Non-Dell Bridges.............................................................................................................................605
Changing the Region Name or Revision.....................................................................................................................606
Modifying Global Parameters.......................................................................................................................................606
Modifying the Interface Parameters............................................................................................................................607
Setting STP path cost as constant.............................................................................................................................608
Conguring an EdgePort.............................................................................................................................................. 609
Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change....................................................................................................... 609
MSTP Sample Congurations.......................................................................................................................................610
Router 1 Running-CongurationRouter 2 Running-CongurationRouter 3 Running-
CongurationSFTOS Example Running-Conguration........................................................................................610
Debugging and Verifying MSTP Congurations......................................................................................................... 613
33 Multicast Features................................................................................................................................... 615
Enabling IP Multicast..................................................................................................................................................... 615
Implementation Information.......................................................................................................................................... 615
Multicast Policies............................................................................................................................................................616
IPv4 Multicast Policies.............................................................................................................................................616
Understanding Multicast Traceroute (mtrace)...........................................................................................................623
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................624
Printing Multicast Traceroute (mtrace) Paths........................................................................................................... 624
Supported Error Codes.................................................................................................................................................625
mtrace Scenarios...........................................................................................................................................................626
34 Object Tracking........................................................................................................................................632
Object Tracking Overview............................................................................................................................................ 632
Track Layer 2 Interfaces..........................................................................................................................................633
Track Layer 3 Interfaces..........................................................................................................................................633
Track IPv4 and IPv6 Routes................................................................................................................................... 634
Set Tracking Delays................................................................................................................................................. 635
VRRP Object Tracking............................................................................................................................................ 635
Object Tracking Conguration..................................................................................................................................... 635
Tracking a Layer 2 Interface................................................................................................................................... 635
Tracking a Layer 3 Interface................................................................................................................................... 636
Track an IPv4/IPv6 Route...................................................................................................................................... 638
Displaying Tracked Objects...........................................................................................................................................642
35 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3)....................................................................................644
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................644
Autonomous System (AS) Areas........................................................................................................................... 644
Area Types................................................................................................................................................................ 645
Networks and Neighbors........................................................................................................................................646
Router Types............................................................................................................................................................ 646
Designated and Backup Designated Routers....................................................................................................... 648
Link-State Advertisements (LSAs)........................................................................................................................648
20
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Dell PowerSwitch S4820T Owner's manual

Category
Software
Type
Owner's manual

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