Nortel Secure Router 8000 Series
Release: 5.3
Publication: NN46240-503
Document Revision: 01.01
Document status: Standard
Document release date: 30 March 2009
Copyright © 2009 Nortel Networks
All Rights Reserved.
Printed in Canada, India, and the United States of America
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While the information in this document is believed to be accurate and reliable, except as otherwise expressly
agreed to in writing NORTEL PROVIDES THIS DOCUMENT "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OR CONDITION OF
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ATTENTION
For information about the safety precautions, read "Safety messages" in this guide.
For information about the software license, read "Software license" in this guide.
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Configuration -WAN Access
Issue 5.3 (30 March 2009)
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Contents
About this document.......................................................................................................................1
1 WAN access overview ...............................................................................................................1-1
1.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................................1-2
1.1.1 WAN interface types .........................................................................................................................1-2
1.1.2 Link layer protocols of WAN............................................................................................................1-4
1.2 Configuring WAN interface parameters......................................................................................................1-6
1.2.1 Establishing the configuration task ...................................................................................................1-6
1.2.2 Entering the WAN interface view......................................................................................................1-7
1.2.3 Configuring interface description......................................................................................................1-7
1.2.4 Configuring interval of flow statistics...............................................................................................1-8
1.2.5 Enabling the WAN interface..............................................................................................................1-9
1.2.6 Checking the configuration...............................................................................................................1-9
1.3 Maintaining interfaces...............................................................................................................................1-10
1.3.1 Clearing interface statistics .............................................................................................................1-10
1.3.2 Debugging interfaces.......................................................................................................................1-10
2 Serial interface configuration ..................................................................................................2-1
2.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................................2-2
2.1.1 Synchronous serial interface .............................................................................................................2-2
2.1.2 HSSI interface...................................................................................................................................2-2
2.2 Configuring the synchronous serial interface..............................................................................................2-3
2.2.1 Establishing the configuration task ...................................................................................................2-3
2.2.2 Configuring link layer protocol type.................................................................................................2-4
2.2.3 Configuring baud rate........................................................................................................................2-4
2.2.4 Configuring clock inversion..............................................................................................................2-5
2.2.5 Configuring DCD or DSR signal detection.......................................................................................2-5
2.2.6 Configuring link coding mode ..........................................................................................................2-6
2.2.7 Configuring idle mark between frames .............................................................................................2-7
2.2.8 Configuring the MTU........................................................................................................................2-7
2.2.9 Configuring the parity bit..................................................................................................................2-8
2.2.10 Checking the configuration .............................................................................................................2-9
2.3 Configuring the HSSI interface.................................................................................................................2-10
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2.3.1 Establishing the configuration task .................................................................................................2-10
2.3.2 Configuring the link layer protocol.................................................................................................2-10
2.3.3 Configuring the MTU......................................................................................................................2-11
2.3.4 Configuring the parity bit................................................................................................................2-11
2.3.5 Configuring the loopback mode......................................................................................................2-12
2.3.6 Checking the configuration.............................................................................................................2-12
2.4 Maintaining serial interface.......................................................................................................................2-12
2.4.1 Resetting interface statistics............................................................................................................2-12
2.4.2 Setting loopback to detect whether the interface is normal.............................................................2-13
3 E-Carrier and T-carrier interface configuration ...................................................................3-1
3.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................................3-2
3.1.1 E-carrier and t-carrier........................................................................................................................3-2
3.1.2 Related concepts................................................................................................................................3-2
3.1.3 Introduction to E1 interface...............................................................................................................3-3
3.1.4 Introduction to CE1 interface............................................................................................................3-3
3.1.5 Introduction to CT1 interfaces ..........................................................................................................3-4
3.1.6 Introduction to CE3 Interfaces ..........................................................................................................3-5
3.2 Configuring E1 interfaces............................................................................................................................3-5
3.2.1 Establishing the configuration task ...................................................................................................3-5
3.2.2 Configuring working mode of E1 interface.......................................................................................3-6
3.2.3 Configuring coding or decoding format of E1 interface....................................................................3-6
3.2.4 Configuring clock mode of E1 interface...........................................................................................3-7
3.2.5 Configuring timeslot binding of E1 interface....................................................................................3-8
3.2.6 Configuring cable mode of E1 interface............................................................................................3-8
3.2.7 Checking the configuration...............................................................................................................3-9
3.3 Configuring CE1 interfaces.........................................................................................................................3-9
3.3.1 Establishing the configuration task ...................................................................................................3-9
3.3.2 Configuring working mode of CE1 interface..................................................................................3-10
3.3.3 Configuring coding or decoding format of CE1 interface...............................................................3-11
3.3.4 Configuring clock mode of CE1 interface.......................................................................................3-12
3.3.5 Configuring frame format of CE1 interface....................................................................................3-12
3.3.6 Configuring timeslot binding of CE1 interface...............................................................................3-13
3.3.7 Configuring cable mode of CE1 interface.......................................................................................3-13
3.3.8 Checking the configuration.............................................................................................................3-14
3.4 Configuring CT1 interfaces.......................................................................................................................3-14
3.4.1 Establishing the configuration task .................................................................................................3-15
3.4.2 Configuring working mode of CT1 interface..................................................................................3-16
3.4.3 Configuring coding or decoding format of CT1 interface...............................................................3-16
3.4.4 Configuring clock mode of CT1 interface.......................................................................................3-17
3.4.5 Configuring frame format of CT1 interface....................................................................................3-17
3.4.6 Configuring timeslot binding of CT1 interface...............................................................................3-18
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3.4.7 Configuring cable mode of CT1 interface.......................................................................................3-18
3.4.8 Checking the configuration.............................................................................................................3-19
3.5 Configuring CE3 interfaces.......................................................................................................................3-20
3.5.1 Establishing the configuration task .................................................................................................3-20
3.5.2 Configuring working mode of CE3 interface..................................................................................3-20
3.5.3 Configuring clock mode of CE3 interface.......................................................................................3-21
3.5.4 Configuring national bit of CE3 interface.......................................................................................3-21
3.5.5 Checking the configuration.............................................................................................................3-22
3.6 Configuring CE1channels of CE3 interfaces.............................................................................................3-22
3.6.1 Establishing the configuration task .................................................................................................3-22
3.6.2 Configuring working mode of CE1 channel....................................................................................3-23
3.6.3 Configuring clock mode of CE1 channel ........................................................................................3-24
3.6.4 Configuring Frame Format of CE1 Channel...................................................................................3-24
3.6.5 Disabling or enabling CE1 channel.................................................................................................3-25
3.6.6 Checking the configuration.............................................................................................................3-25
3.7 Configuring synchronous serial interfaces ................................................................................................3-26
3.7.1 Establishing the configuration task .................................................................................................3-26
3.7.2 Configuring attribute parameters of synchronous serial interface...................................................3-27
3.7.3 Configuring link layer protocol of synchronous serial interface.....................................................3-28
3.7.4 Configuring hold-interval of the link layer protocol of the synchronous serial interface................3-28
3.7.5 Checking the configuration.............................................................................................................3-29
3.8 Maintaining e-carrier and t-carrier interface..............................................................................................3-30
3.8.1 Resetting interface statistics............................................................................................................3-30
3.8.2 Setting loopback to detect whether the interface is normal.............................................................3-30
3.9 Configuration examples.............................................................................................................................3-30
3.9.1 Example for configuring communication over CE1 interfaces bundle ...........................................3-31
3.9.2 Example for configuring communication over E1 interfaces Bundle .............................................3-34
3.9.3 Example for configuring CE3 interfaces.........................................................................................3-38
4 POS and CPOS interface configuration.................................................................................4-1
4.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................................4-2
4.1.1 SONET..............................................................................................................................................4-2
4.1.2 SDH...................................................................................................................................................4-2
4.1.3 POS ...................................................................................................................................................4-6
4.1.4 CPOS.................................................................................................................................................4-6
4.2 Configuring POS interfaces.........................................................................................................................4-9
4.2.1 Establishing the configuration task ...................................................................................................4-9
4.2.2 Configuring link layer protocol.......................................................................................................4-10
4.2.3 Configuring clock mode..................................................................................................................4-10
4.2.4 Configuring overhead bytes ............................................................................................................4-11
4.2.5 Configuring frame format ...............................................................................................................4-11
4.2.6 Configuring scramble function........................................................................................................4-12
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4.2.7 Configuring check word length of CRC..........................................................................................4-12
4.2.8 Configuring MTU ...........................................................................................................................4-13
4.2.9 Checking the configuration.............................................................................................................4-14
4.3 Configuring STM-1 CPOS interfaces........................................................................................................4-15
4.3.1 Establishing the configuration task .................................................................................................4-15
4.3.2 Configuring clock mode..................................................................................................................4-15
4.3.3 Configuring frame format ...............................................................................................................4-16
4.3.4 Configuring overhead bytes ............................................................................................................4-17
4.3.5 Configuring AUG multiplexing route .............................................................................................4-17
4.3.6 Checking the configuration.............................................................................................................4-18
4.4 Configuring E1/T1 channels of the CPOS interface..................................................................................4-18
4.4.1 Establishing the configuration task .................................................................................................4-18
4.4.2 Creating E1/T1 channels.................................................................................................................4-19
4.4.3 Configuring frame format ...............................................................................................................4-20
4.4.4 Configuring clock mode..................................................................................................................4-21
4.4.5 Disabling or enabling the E1/T1 channel........................................................................................4-21
4.4.6 Checking the configuration.............................................................................................................4-22
4.5 Configuring synchronous serial interfaces ................................................................................................4-23
4.5.1 Establishing the configuration task .................................................................................................4-23
4.5.2 Configuring attribute parameters of synchronous serial interface...................................................4-24
4.5.3 Configuring link layer protocol of synchronous serial interface.....................................................4-24
4.5.4 Configuring hold-interval of the link layer protocol for synchronous serial interface....................4-25
4.5.5 Checking the configuration.............................................................................................................4-25
4.6 Maintaining POS and CPOS interface.......................................................................................................4-26
4.6.1 Resetting interface statistics............................................................................................................4-26
4.6.2 Setting loopback to detect whether the interface is normal.............................................................4-26
4.7 Configuration examples.............................................................................................................................4-27
4.7.1 Example for directly connecting routers through POS interfaces ...................................................4-27
4.7.2 Example for configuring STM-1 CPOS interfaces..........................................................................4-29
4.8 Troubleshooting.........................................................................................................................................4-34
4.8.1 Physical status of POS interfaces is Down......................................................................................4-34
4.8.2 Line protocol status of POS interfaces is Down..............................................................................4-35
4.8.3 Severe packet loss on a POS interface.............................................................................................4-35
5 Logical interface configuration ...............................................................................................5-1
5.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................................5-2
5.1.1 Sub-interface overview......................................................................................................................5-2
5.1.2 Virtual template and virtual access interface.....................................................................................5-3
5.1.3 Virtual ethernet interface...................................................................................................................5-3
5.1.4 Loopback interface............................................................................................................................5-4
5.1.5 Null interface.....................................................................................................................................5-4
5.2 Creating sub-interfaces................................................................................................................................5-4
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5.2.1 Establishing the configuration task ...................................................................................................5-4
5.2.2 Creating FR sub-interfaces................................................................................................................5-5
5.2.3 Creating X.25 sub-interfaces.............................................................................................................5-6
5.2.4 Creating ATM sub-interfaces.............................................................................................................5-7
5.2.5 Checking the configuration...............................................................................................................5-7
5.3 Configuring the virtual template..................................................................................................................5-8
5.3.1 Establishing the configuration task ...................................................................................................5-8
5.3.2 Creating a VT....................................................................................................................................5-9
5.3.3 Setting maximum number of links supported by a VT......................................................................5-9
5.3.4 Checking the configuration.............................................................................................................5-10
5.4 Configuring virtual ethernet interfaces......................................................................................................5-11
5.4.1 Establishing the configuration task .................................................................................................5-11
5.4.2 Creating a VE interface...................................................................................................................5-12
5.4.3 Configuring a MAC address for a VE interface..............................................................................5-12
5.4.4 Checking the configuration.............................................................................................................5-13
5.5 Configuring a loopback interface..............................................................................................................5-13
5.5.1 Establishing the configuration task .................................................................................................5-13
5.5.2 Creating a loopback interface and configuring its IP address..........................................................5-14
5.5.3 Checking the configuration.............................................................................................................5-14
5.6 Configuring a null interface.......................................................................................................................5-15
5.6.1 Establishing the configuration task .................................................................................................5-15
5.6.2 Entering the null interface view ......................................................................................................5-15
5.6.3 Checking the configuration.............................................................................................................5-16
5.7 Configuration examples.............................................................................................................................5-16
5.7.1 Example for configuring the sub-interface......................................................................................5-16
5.7.2 Example for configuring the virtual template..................................................................................5-18
5.7.3 Example for configuring the loopback interface.............................................................................5-18
5.8 Troubleshooting.........................................................................................................................................5-20
6 PPP and MP configuration .......................................................................................................6-1
6.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................................6-3
6.1.1 PPP....................................................................................................................................................6-3
6.1.2 MP.....................................................................................................................................................6-5
6.1.3 references ..........................................................................................................................................6-6
6.2 Encapsulating an interface with PPP and MRU negotiation........................................................................6-7
6.2.1 Establishing the configuration task ...................................................................................................6-7
6.2.2 Encapsulating the interface with PPP................................................................................................6-8
6.2.3 Enabling PPP MRU negotiation........................................................................................................6-8
6.2.4 Checking the configuration...............................................................................................................6-9
6.3 Configuring unidirectional PAP ..................................................................................................................6-9
6.3.1 Establishing the configuration task ...................................................................................................6-9
6.3.2 Configuring a local router to authenticate iIts peer in PAP mode....................................................6-10
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6.3.3 Configuring the peer to be authenticated by the local router in PAP mode.....................................6-11
6.3.4 Checking the configuration.............................................................................................................6-11
6.4 Configuring unidirectional CHAP.............................................................................................................6-12
6.4.1 Establishing the configuration task .................................................................................................6-12
6.4.2 Configuring a local router with user a name to authenticate its peer in CHAP mode .....................6-13
6.4.3 Configuring a local router without user name to authenticate its peer in CHAP mode...................6-15
6.4.4 Checking the configuration.............................................................................................................6-17
6.5 Configuring PPP optional parameters........................................................................................................6-17
6.5.1 Establishing the configuration task .................................................................................................6-17
6.5.2 Configuring the call back................................................................................................................6-19
6.5.3 Configuring packet or packet header compression..........................................................................6-20
6.5.4 Configuring the timeout period of negotiation................................................................................6-22
6.5.5 Configuring the timeout period of polling.......................................................................................6-22
6.5.6 Configuring DNS server address negotiation..................................................................................6-23
6.5.7 Configuring the PPP link quality detection .....................................................................................6-23
6.5.8 Configuring peer host router to be suppressed for adding into the local end direct routing table...6-24
6.5.9 Checking the configuration.............................................................................................................6-25
6.6 Configuring MP direct binding through the VT ........................................................................................6-26 T
6.6.1 Establishing the configuration task .................................................................................................6-26
6.6.2 Creating a VT and assigning an IP address .....................................................................................6-27
6.6.3 Directly binding the interface to an existing VT.............................................................................6-27
6.6.4 Checking the configuration.............................................................................................................6-28
6.7 Configuring MP authentication binding through the VT...........................................................................6-29
6.7.1 Establishing the configuration task .................................................................................................6-29
6.7.2 Creating a VT..................................................................................................................................6-30
6.7.3 Configuring a PPP interface to work in MP mode ..........................................................................6-31
6.7.4 Checking the configuration.............................................................................................................6-32
6.8 Configuring MP binding using the MP-group...........................................................................................6-33
6.8.1 Establishing the configuration task .................................................................................................6-33
6.8.2 Adding an interface to an MP-group ...............................................................................................6-34
6.8.3 Disabling the endpoint discriminator negotiation............................................................................6-36
6.8.4 Checking the configuration.............................................................................................................6-37
6.9 Configuring MP limiting parameters.........................................................................................................6-38
6.9.1 Establishing the configuration task .................................................................................................6-38
6.9.2 Configuring the MTU of the MP group...........................................................................................6-39
6.9.3 Configuring the maximum number of MP bundled links................................................................6-39
6.9.4 Configuring the minimum number of MP bundled links ................................................................6-40
6.9.5 Configuring the damping of the MP bundled links .........................................................................6-41
6.9.6 Checking the configuration.............................................................................................................6-41
6.10 Configuring MP fragment function .........................................................................................................6-42
6.10.1 Establishing the configuration task ...............................................................................................6-42
6.10.2 Configuring the minimum packet length of the fragment of the outbound packet........................6-43
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6.10.3 Disabling the re-group of the fragments of the MP packets..........................................................6-43
6.10.4 Configuring the packet order guarantee function on the MP-group interface...............................6-44
6.10.5 Checking the configuration ...........................................................................................................6-45
6.11 Maintaining PPP and MP.........................................................................................................................6-46
6.12 Configuration examples...........................................................................................................................6-47
6.12.1 Example for configuring PAP authentication ................................................................................6-47
6.12.2 Example for configuring unidirectional CHAP authentication .....................................................6-50
6.12.3 Example for configuring bidirectional CHAP authentication .......................................................6-52
6.12.4 Example for binding MPs into the MP-group...............................................................................6-54
6.12.5 Example for configuring MP direct binding using the VT............................................................6-59
6.12.6 Example for configuring MP authentication binding using the VT...............................................6-62
6.13 Troubleshooting.......................................................................................................................................6-68
6.13.1 Physical link is not in the up state.................................................................................................6-68
6.13.2 Link is always in the down state....................................................................................................6-69
6.13.3 CHAP authentication of a PPP link fails .......................................................................................6-69
6.13.4 MP configured through the VT works abnormally........................................................................6-70
7 LAPB and X.25 configuration...................................................................................................7-1
7.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................................7-3
7.1.1 X.25...................................................................................................................................................7-3
7.1.2 X.25 Principle....................................................................................................................................7-4
7.1.3 LAPB.................................................................................................................................................7-5
7.1.4 X.25 switching function....................................................................................................................7-6
7.1.5 X.25 load balancing...........................................................................................................................7-6
7.1.6 XOT ..................................................................................................................................................7-8
7.2 LAPB configuration....................................................................................................................................7-9
7.2.1 Establishing the configuration task ...................................................................................................7-9
7.2.2 Configuring the link layer protocol of an interface as LAPB..........................................................7-10
7.2.3 Configuring LAPB parameters........................................................................................................7-10
7.2.4 Checking the configuration.............................................................................................................7-12
7.3 Configuring an X.25 interface...................................................................................................................7-12
7.3.1 Establishing the configuration task .................................................................................................7-12
7.3.2 Configuring X.25 attributes.............................................................................................................7-13
7.3.3 Configuring X.25 interface supplementary parameter ....................................................................7-18
7.3.4 Configuring an X.25 sub-interface..................................................................................................7-21
7.3.5 Checking the configuration.............................................................................................................7-22
7.4 Configuring X.25 datagram transmission..................................................................................................7-22
7.4.1 Establishing the configuration tTask ...............................................................................................7-22
7.4.2 Configuring X.25 datagram transmission........................................................................................7-23
7.4.3 Configuring supplementary parameters of X.25 datagram Transmission .......................................7-25
7.4.4 Configuring X.25 switching............................................................................................................7-29
7.4.5 Checking the configuration.............................................................................................................7-30
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7.5 Configuring load balancing.......................................................................................................................7-31
7.5.1 Establishing the configuration task .................................................................................................7-31
7.5.2 Enabling or disabling X.25 switching .............................................................................................7-32
7.5.3 Configuring X.25 hunt group..........................................................................................................7-32
7.5.4 Configuring X.25 switching route...................................................................................................7-33
7.5.5 Checking the configuration.............................................................................................................7-33
7.6 Configuring XOT......................................................................................................................................7-34
7.6.1 Establishing the configuration task .................................................................................................7-34
7.6.2 Starting X.25 switching...................................................................................................................7-34
7.6.3 Configuring local switching (SVC).................................................................................................7-35
7.6.4 Configuring XOT route...................................................................................................................7-35
7.6.5 Configuring optional keepalive and Xot-source attributes..............................................................7-36
7.6.6 Checking the configuration.............................................................................................................7-37
7.7 Maintaining LAPB and X.25.....................................................................................................................7-37
7.7.1 Clearing the serial interface LAPB statistics...................................................................................7-37
7.7.2 Debugging X.25..............................................................................................................................7-38
7.8 Configuration examples.............................................................................................................................7-38
7.8.1 Example for configuring LAPB ......................................................................................................7-39
7.8.2 Example for directly connecting two routers by Using X.25..........................................................7-41
7.8.3 Example for connecting routers to an X.25 public packet network.................................................7-44
7.8.4 Example for configuring the VC range...........................................................................................7-48
7.8.5 Example for transmitting IP datagrams through X.25 PVC............................................................7-50
7.8.6 Example for configuring X.25 sub-interfaces .................................................................................7-52
7.8.7 Example for configuring the SVC function of XOT.......................................................................7-57
7.8.8 Example for configuring the PVC function of XOT.......................................................................7-61
7.8.9 Example for configuring the X.25 load balancing...........................................................................7-65
7.8.10 Example for configuring the X.25 load balancing carrying IP Datagrams....................................7-69
7.8.11 Example for configuring the TCP/IP header compression ............................................................7-73
7.9 Troubleshooting.........................................................................................................................................7-75
7.9.1 LAPB is always disconnected.........................................................................................................7-75
7.9.2 LAPB protocol is up, VC cannot be established .............................................................................7-75
7.9.3 X.25 Protocol cannot enter the up status.........................................................................................7-76
7.9.4 X.25 Protocol is up, VC cannot be established ...............................................................................7-76
7.9.5 Frequently reset or cleared during data transmission ......................................................................7-77
7.9.6 Request to set PVCs is rejected.......................................................................................................7-77
7.9.7 After SVC application of XOT is configured, the ping fails ...........................................................7-78
7.9.8 After PVC application of XOT is configured, the ping fails ...........................................................7-78
8 Frame relay configuration ........................................................................................................8-1
8.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................................8-3
8.1.1 FR protocol and related concepts......................................................................................................8-3
8.1.2 PVC standby of frame relay switching..............................................................................................8-7
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8.1.3 Frame relay compression...................................................................................................................8-8
8.1.4 multilink frame relay.........................................................................................................................8-8
8.1.5 References.........................................................................................................................................8-9
8.2 Configuring frame relay ..............................................................................................................................8-9
8.2.1 Establishing the configuration task ...................................................................................................8-9
8.2.2 Configuring frame relay UNI interworking.....................................................................................8-10
8.2.3 Configuring frame relay NNI interworking.....................................................................................8-12
8.2.4 Configuring frame relay sub-interfaces capability ..........................................................................8-13
8.2.5 Checking the configuration.............................................................................................................8-14
8.3 Configuring frame relay static address mapping.......................................................................................8-14
8.3.1 Establishing the configuration task .................................................................................................8-14
8.3.2 Configuring frame relay static address mapping.............................................................................8-15
8.3.3 Checking the configuration.............................................................................................................8-16
8.4 Configuring MFR......................................................................................................................................8-16
8.4.1 Establishing the configuration task .................................................................................................8-16
8.4.2 Creating and configuring an MFR interface....................................................................................8-17
8.4.3 Bundling an interface to the MFR interface....................................................................................8-19
8.4.4 Checking the configuration.............................................................................................................8-20
8.5 Configuring frame relay LMI type and related parameters.......................................................................8-21
8.5.1 Establishing the configuration task .................................................................................................8-21
8.5.2 Configuring frame relay LMI and related parameters of DTE........................................................8-21
8.5.3 Configuring frame relay LMI and related parameters of DCE........................................................8-22
8.5.4 Checking the configuration.............................................................................................................8-23
8.6 Configuring frame relay switching............................................................................................................8-23
8.6.1 Establishing the configuration task .................................................................................................8-23
8.6.2 Configuring frame relay switching route.........................................................................................8-24
8.6.3 Configuring the PVC used for frame relay switching.....................................................................8-25
8.6.4 Checking the configuration.............................................................................................................8-25
8.7 Configuring PVC standby groups of frame relay switching......................................................................8-26
8.7.1 Establishing the configuration task .................................................................................................8-26
8.7.2 Configuring the switching PVC backup function............................................................................8-27
8.7.3 Configuring the automatic switching mode.....................................................................................8-28
8.7.4 Configuring the manual switching mode.........................................................................................8-29
8.7.5 Checking the configuration.............................................................................................................8-29
8.8 Configuring frame relay over an IP network.............................................................................................8-30
8.8.1 Establishing the configuration task .................................................................................................8-30
8.8.2 Configuring frame relay switching route.........................................................................................8-31
8.8.3 Configuring frame relay switching PVC.........................................................................................8-32
8.8.4 Checking the configuration.............................................................................................................8-32
8.9 Configuring frame relay FRF.9 compression ............................................................................................8-32
8.9.1 Establishing the configuration task .................................................................................................8-32
8.9.2 Configuring FRF.9 compression on a point-to-point sub-interface.................................................8-33
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8.9.3 Configuring FR FRF.9 compression on a main-interface or a point-to-multipoint sub-interface....8-34
8.9.4 Checking the configuration.............................................................................................................8-35
8.10 Configuring frame relay IP header compression.....................................................................................8-36
8.10.1 Establishing the configuration task ...............................................................................................8-36
8.10.2 Configuring IPHC on an frame relay main interface.....................................................................8-37
8.10.3 Configuring IPHC on an freame relay P2MP sub-interface..........................................................8-37
8.10.4 Checking the configuration ...........................................................................................................8-38
8.11 Configuring MFR bundle and MFR bundle Link....................................................................................8-38
8.11.1 Establishing the configuration task................................................................................................8-38
8.11.2 Configuring MFR bundle identifier...............................................................................................8-39
8.11.3 Configuring MFR bundle link identifier........................................................................................8-40
8.11.4 Configuring hello packet parameters of MFR bundle link............................................................8-40
8.11.5 Checking the configuration ...........................................................................................................8-41
8.12 Configuring MFR restriction parameters.................................................................................................8-41
8.12.1 Establishing the configuration task ...............................................................................................8-41
8.12.2 Configuring the MFR fragment size..............................................................................................8-42
8.12.3 Configuring the MFR sliding window size ...................................................................................8-43
8.12.4 Checking the configuration ...........................................................................................................8-44
8.13 Maintaining frame relay and MFR..........................................................................................................8-44
8.13.1 Clearing the statistics of frame relay and dynamic address mapping entries ................................8-44
8.13.2 Debugging frame relay and MFR..................................................................................................8-45
8.14 Configuration examples...........................................................................................................................8-45
8.14.1 Example for connecting LANs through the frame relay network..................................................8-46
8.14.2 Example for connecting LANs through the private line................................................................8-49
8.14.3 Example for configuring frame relay switching routes.................................................................8-51
8.14.4 Example for configuring the frame realy switching PVC .............................................................8-55
8.14.5 Example for configuring the PVC backup of frame relay switching.............................................8-58
8.14.6 Example for configuring the backup of frame relay over IP.........................................................8-61
8.14.7 Example for configuring frame relay over IP................................................................................8-66
8.14.8 Example for configuring the frame relay frf9 compression ..........................................................8-69
8.14.9 Example for configuring MFR......................................................................................................8-71
8.15 Troubleshooting.......................................................................................................................................8-73
8.15.1 Failure of binding MFR interface to a specified interface.............................................................8-73
8.15.2 Failure of pinging the peer after configuring the frame relay........................................................8-74
8.15.3 Failure of pinging the peer after configuring the frame relay switch over IP................................8-74
8.15.4 Only one end can ping through the other end after configuring the frame relay PVC..................8-75
9 HDLC configuration..................................................................................................................9-1
9.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................................9-2
9.2 Configuring HDLC......................................................................................................................................9-2
9.2.1 Establishing the configuration task ...................................................................................................9-2
9.2.2 Encapsulating an interface with HDLC.............................................................................................9-2
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9.2.3 Configuring the IP address of the interface.......................................................................................9-3
9.2.4 Setting the Polling Interval................................................................................................................9-4
9.2.5 Checking the configuration...............................................................................................................9-4
9.3 Maintaining HDLC......................................................................................................................................9-4
9.3.1 Clearing HDLC statistics...................................................................................................................9-5
9.3.2 Debugging HDLC.............................................................................................................................9-5
9.4 Configuration examples...............................................................................................................................9-5
9.4.1 Example for configuring HDLC........................................................................................................9-6
9.4.2 Example for configuring IP address unnumbered for HDLC............................................................9-8
10 Low-speed ATM configuration...........................................................................................10-1
10.1 Introduction.............................................................................................................................................10-3
10.1.1 ATM protocol stack.......................................................................................................................10-3
10.1.2 ATM interface................................................................................................................................10-4
10.1.3 ATM OAM ....................................................................................................................................10-5
10.1.4 ATM applications ..........................................................................................................................10-5
10.1.5 references ......................................................................................................................................10-6
10.2 Configuring ATM interfaces....................................................................................................................10-7
10.2.1 Establishing the configuration task ...............................................................................................10-7
10.2.2 Configuring the parameters of ATM OC-3/STM-1 interfaces.......................................................10-7
10.2.3 Configuring the parameters of the ATM E3 interface .................................................................10-10
10.2.4 Checking the configuration .........................................................................................................10-12
10.3 Configuring ATM-classes......................................................................................................................10-13
10.3.1 Establishing the configuration task .............................................................................................10-13
10.3.2 Creating an ATM-class................................................................................................................10-13
10.3.3 Applying the ATM-class..............................................................................................................10-14
10.3.4 Checking the configuration .........................................................................................................10-15
10.4 Configuring the IPoA application..........................................................................................................10-16
10.4.1 Establishing the configuration task .............................................................................................10-16
10.4.2 Configuring IPoA mapping on a PVC.........................................................................................10-16
10.4.3 Checking the configuration .........................................................................................................10-17
10.5 Configuring the IPoEoA application .....................................................................................................10-18
10.5.1 Establishing the configuration task .............................................................................................10-18
10.5.2 Configuring IPoEoA mapping on a PVC ....................................................................................10-18
10.5.3 Checking the configuration .........................................................................................................10-19
10.6 Configuring the PPPoA application.......................................................................................................10-20
10.6.1 Establishing the configuration task .............................................................................................10-20
10.6.2 Configuring PPPoA mapping on a PVC......................................................................................10-20
10.6.3 Checking the configuration .........................................................................................................10-21
10.7 Configuring the PPPoEoA application..................................................................................................10-22
10.7.1 Establishing the configuration task .............................................................................................10-22
10.7.2 Configuring PPPoEoA mapping on a PVC .................................................................................10-22
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10.7.3 Checking the configuration .........................................................................................................10-23
10.8 Creating a PVC-group and configuring the PVC service mapping.......................................................10-24
10.8.1 Establishing the configuration task .............................................................................................10-24
10.8.2 Creating a PVC-group and configuring PVC service mapping...................................................10-25
10.8.3 Checking the configuration .........................................................................................................10-26
10.9 Configuring the service type of PVC and the OAM parameters ...........................................................10-26
10.9.1 Establishing the configuration task .............................................................................................10-26
10.9.2 Configuring the service type of a PVC........................................................................................10-28
10.9.3 Configuring the OAM F5 loopback ............................................................................................10-28
10.9.4 Checking the configuration .........................................................................................................10-29
10.10 Maintaining ATM ................................................................................................................................10-29
10.10.1 Clearing the ATM interface statistics ........................................................................................10-29
10.10.2 Setting loopback to detect if the interface is normal .................................................................10-29
10.10.3 Debugging ATM........................................................................................................................10-30
10.11 Configuration examples.......................................................................................................................10-31
10.11.1 Example for configuring IPoA..................................................................................................10-31
10.11.2 Example for configuring IPoEoA..............................................................................................10-34
10.11.3 Example for configuring PPPoA...............................................................................................10-36
10.11.4 Example for configuring PPPoEoA...........................................................................................10-38
10.12 Troubleshooting...................................................................................................................................10-41
10.12.1 ATM Interface is down..............................................................................................................10-41
10.12.2 Interfaces cannot successfully ping each other..........................................................................10-42
10.12.3 PVC is down though the ATM interface is up...........................................................................10-42
10.12.4 Pinging the peer fails though PVC is UP ..................................................................................10-43
10.12.5 Severe packet dropping and CRC errors occur though the ping succeeds.................................10-44
10.12.6 Link is not up when using IPoA or PPPoA ...............................................................................10-44
10.12.7 Packet loss caused by the deletion of some PVCs in the PVC-group .......................................10-45
11 High-speed ATM configuration..........................................................................................11-1
11.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................................................11-2
11.1.1 ATM protocol stack .......................................................................................................................11-2
11.1.2 ATM interface................................................................................................................................11-3
11.1.3 ATM applications ..........................................................................................................................11-4
11.1.4 references.......................................................................................................................................11-4
11.2 Configuring ATM interfaces....................................................................................................................11-4
11.2.1 Establishing the configuration task................................................................................................11-4
11.2.2 Configuring the clock mode..........................................................................................................11-5
11.2.3 Configuring the frame format........................................................................................................11-6
11.2.4 Configuring the overhead byte ......................................................................................................11-6
11.2.5 Configuring the scrambling...........................................................................................................11-7
11.2.6 Configuring the loopback mode....................................................................................................11-8
11.2.7 Checking the configuration ...........................................................................................................11-8
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11.3 Configuring the IPoA application............................................................................................................11-9
11.3.1 Establishing the configuration task................................................................................................11-9
11.3.2 Configuring IPoA mapping on a PVC.........................................................................................11-10
11.3.3 Checking the configuration .........................................................................................................11-11
11.4 Configuring the service type of PVC and PVP......................................................................................11-11
11.4.1 Establishing the configuration task..............................................................................................11-11
11.4.2 Configuring the service type of a PVC........................................................................................11-12
11.4.3 Configuring the service type of a PVP........................................................................................11-13
11.4.4 Checking the configuration .........................................................................................................11-13
11.5 Maintaining ATM ..................................................................................................................................11-14
11.6 Configuration example of IPoA.............................................................................................................11-14
12 PPPoE configuration..............................................................................................................12-1
12.1 Introduction.............................................................................................................................................12-2
12.1.1 Concept of PPPoE.........................................................................................................................12-2
12.1.2 Phase of discovery.........................................................................................................................12-2
12.1.3 Phase of PPP session.....................................................................................................................12-3
12.2 Configuring basic PPPoE functions ........................................................................................................12-3
12.2.1 Establishing the configuration task ...............................................................................................12-3
12.2.2 Enabling PPPoE ............................................................................................................................12-4
12.2.3 Configuring the PPPoE service name at the server side................................................................12-4
12.2.4 Checking the configuration ...........................................................................................................12-5
12.3 Configuring PPPoE parameters...............................................................................................................12-5
12.3.1 Establishing the configuration task ...............................................................................................12-5
12.3.2 Configuring to log the state changes of PPPoE users....................................................................12-6
12.3.3 Setting the maximum number of sessions available on a local MAC address ..............................12-6
12.3.4 Setting the maximum number of sessions available on a peer MAC address ...............................12-7
12.3.5 Setting the maximum number of sessions available on the local system......................................12-7
12.3.6 Checking the configuration ...........................................................................................................12-7
12.4 Maintaining PPPoE .................................................................................................................................12-8
12.5 Configuration examples...........................................................................................................................12-8
12.6 Troubleshooting.....................................................................................................................................12-10
13 Medium-MIB configuration ................................................................................................13-1
13.1 Introduction.............................................................................................................................................13-2
13.2 Configuring attributes of the medium-MIB.............................................................................................13-2
13.2.1 Establishing the configuration task ...............................................................................................13-2
13.2.2 Enabling the MIB collecting of the interface ................................................................................13-3
13.2.3 Enabling the router to send the trap packet ...................................................................................13-3
A Glossary .................................................................................................................................... A-1
B Acronyms and Abbreviations ................................................................................................B-1
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Index ................................................................................................................................................ i-1
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Figures
Figure 3-1 CE1 interfaces binding..................................................................................................................3-31
Figure 3-2 E1 interfaces binding ....................................................................................................................3-35
Figure 3-3 Schematic diagram of CE3 interface configuration......................................................................3-38
Figure 4-1 STM-N frame structure...................................................................................................................4-3
Figure 4-2 Process of multiplexing E1 to STM-1.............................................................................................4-4
Figure 4-3 Process of multiplexing T1 to STM-1.............................................................................................4-4
Figure 4-4 Sequence of arrangement of TUG-3, TUG-2 and TU-12 in VC-4..................................................4-5
Figure 4-5 Networking diagram of connecting routers directly through POS interfaces ...............................4-27
Figure 4-6 Networking diagram of using STM-1 CPOS interface.................................................................4-30
Figure 5-1 Networking diagram of configuring the sub-interface..................................................................5-16
Figure 5-2 Networking diagram of configuring the loopback interface .........................................................5-18
Figure 6-1 PPP link operation process..............................................................................................................6-4
Figure 6-2 Networking diagram of PAP or CHAP authentication..................................................................6-47
Figure 6-3 Networking diagram of the MP-group binding.............................................................................6-54
Figure 6-4 Networking diagram of the MP binding .......................................................................................6-59
Figure 6-5 Networking diagram of the MP configuration ..............................................................................6-70
Figure 7-1 X.25 network model........................................................................................................................7-3
Figure 7-2 X.25 protocol Layer........................................................................................................................7-4
Figure 7-3 X.25 packet and LAPB frame.........................................................................................................7-5
Figure 7-4 Interrelationship between LAPB, X.25 and X.25 switching...........................................................7-6
Figure 7-5 Diagram of X.25 network load balancing.......................................................................................7-7
Figure 7-6 XOT typical application diagram....................................................................................................7-8
Figure 7-7 X.25 channel division...................................................................................................................7-16
Figure 7-8 LAN interconnection through X.25..............................................................................................7-24
Figure 7-9 X.25 switching networking diagram.............................................................................................7-30
Figure 7-10 Direct connection between two routers through serial interfaces (LAPB)..................................7-39
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Figure 7-11 Direct connection of two routers through serial interface (X.25)................................................7-41
Figure 7-12 Connecting routers to an X.25 public packet network................................................................7-45
Figure 7-13 Networking diagram for configuring VC....................................................................................7-48
Figure 7-14 X.25 PVC bearing IP datagram...................................................................................................7-50
Figure 7-15 One VC consisting of several LCs..............................................................................................7-51
Figure 7-16 Diagram of X.25 sub-interface configuration.............................................................................7-53
Figure 7-17 SVC application networking diagram of XOT ...........................................................................7-57 T
Figure 7-18 Networking diagram of typical configuration of X.25 hunt group..............................................7-65
Figure 7-19 X.25 hunt group carrying IP data transmission...........................................................................7-69
Figure 7-20 Direct connection of two routers through serial interfaces (X.25)..............................................7-73
Figure 8-1 FR interface type.............................................................................................................................8-3
Figure 8-2 Schematic diagram of switching in a PVC standby group..............................................................8-7
Figure 8-3 Schematic diagram of bundle and bundle links ..............................................................................8-9
Figure 8-4 Typical application diagram of FR over IP...................................................................................8-30
Figure 8-5 Interconnecting LANs through FR network..................................................................................8-46
Figure 8-6 Connecting LANs through private line.........................................................................................8-49
Figure 8-7 Networking diagram of FR switching routes................................................................................8-51
Figure 8-8 Networking diagram of PVC standby groups of FR switching.....................................................8-59
Figure 8-9 Networking diagram of the FR standby groups over IP................................................................8-61
Figure 8-10 Networking diagram of FR over IP.............................................................................................8-66
Figure 8-11 Networking diagram of FR compression ....................................................................................8-69
Figure 8-12 Networking diagram of MFR bundle configuration....................................................................8-71
Figure 8-13 Diagram of configuring the FR PVC..........................................................................................8-75
Figure 9-1 Networking diagram of the HDLC functions..................................................................................9-6
Figure 9-2 Networking diagram of the HDLC basic function..........................................................................9-8
Figure 10-1 ATM protocol model...................................................................................................................10-4
Figure 10-2 Networking diagram for IPoA configuration............................................................................10-31
Figure 10-3 Networking diagram of IPoEoA configuration.........................................................................10-34
Figure 10-4 PPPoA configuration networking diagram................................................................................10-36
Figure 10-5 PPPoEoA configuration networking diagram ...........................................................................10-39
Figure 11-1 ATM protocol model...................................................................................................................11-3
Figure 11-2 Networking diagram for IPoA configuration ............................................................................11-15
Figure 12-1 PPPoE networking diagram........................................................................................................12-8
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Tables
Table 1-1 Command line views and prompts of WAN physical interfaces.......................................................1-2
Table 1-2 Command line views and prompts of WAN logical interfaces.........................................................1-3
Table 1-3 Interface numbering..........................................................................................................................1-6
Table 2-1 Index mode of the synchronous serial interface................................................................................2-2
Table 7-1 Description of X.25 channel range delimitation parameters...........................................................7-16
Table 7-2 X.25 layer 3 timer...........................................................................................................................7-19
Table 8-1 Meanings of FR LMI protocol parameters .......................................................................................8-5
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