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Force10 MXL Blade

Dell Force10 MXL Blade User guide

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Dell Networking Conguration Guide for the MXL
10/40GbE Switch I/O Module
9.11(2.0P1)
Notes, cautions, and warnings
NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product.
CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.
WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.
Copyright © 2017 Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved. Dell, EMC, and other trademarks are trademarks of Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. Other
trademarks may be trademarks of their respective owners.
2017 - 05
Rev. A00
Contents
1 About this Guide...........................................................................................................................................32
Audience............................................................................................................................................................................32
Conventions......................................................................................................................................................................32
Information Symbols........................................................................................................................................................32
Related Documents......................................................................................................................................................... 33
2 Conguration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................ 34
Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................34
CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................34
Navigating CLI Modes...............................................................................................................................................35
The do Command............................................................................................................................................................ 38
Undoing Commands........................................................................................................................................................ 38
Obtaining Help..................................................................................................................................................................39
Entering and Editing Commands....................................................................................................................................39
Command History............................................................................................................................................................40
Filtering show Command Outputs.................................................................................................................................40
Multiple Users in Conguration Mode............................................................................................................................41
3 Getting Started............................................................................................................................................43
Console Access................................................................................................................................................................ 44
Serial Console............................................................................................................................................................. 44
External Serial Port with a USB Connector............................................................................................................46
Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH....................................................................................46
Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection..............................................................................................46
Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection........................................................................................46
Boot Process.................................................................................................................................................................... 47
Default Conguration...................................................................................................................................................... 48
Conguring a Host Name............................................................................................................................................... 48
Conguring a Unique Host Name on the System........................................................................................................49
Accessing the System Remotely....................................................................................................................................49
Accessing the Switch Remotely...............................................................................................................................49
Congure the Management Port IP Address......................................................................................................... 49
Congure a Management Route..............................................................................................................................50
Conguring a Username and Password..................................................................................................................50
Conguring the Enable Password..................................................................................................................................50
Conguration File Management......................................................................................................................................51
Copy Files to and from the System.......................................................................................................................... 51
Save the Running-Conguration..............................................................................................................................52
Viewing Files...............................................................................................................................................................53
Managing the File System.............................................................................................................................................. 54
View the Command History........................................................................................................................................... 55
Using HTTP for File Transfers........................................................................................................................................55
Contents
3
Upgrading and Downgrading the Dell Networking OS................................................................................................56
Verify Software Images Before Installation...................................................................................................................56
4 Management............................................................................................................................................... 58
Conguring Privilege Levels........................................................................................................................................... 58
Creating a Custom Privilege Level...........................................................................................................................59
Customizing a Privilege Level...................................................................................................................................59
Applying a Privilege Level to a Username................................................................................................................61
Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line...........................................................................................................61
Conguring Logging......................................................................................................................................................... 61
Audit and Security Logs............................................................................................................................................ 62
Conguring Logging Format ...................................................................................................................................63
Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server.............................................................................................64
Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration........................................................................................65
Log Messages in the Internal Buer..............................................................................................................................65
Conguration Task List for System Log Management..........................................................................................66
Disabling System Logging............................................................................................................................................... 66
Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................66
Conguring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.....................................................................................................66
Changing System Logging Settings...............................................................................................................................67
Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration........................................................................................68
Conguring a UNIX Logging Facility Level....................................................................................................................68
Synchronizing Log Messages.........................................................................................................................................69
Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages.................................................................................................................... 70
Enabling Secure Management Mode............................................................................................................................ 70
Enabling Secured CLI Mode............................................................................................................................................ 71
File Transfer Services....................................................................................................................................................... 71
Conguration Task List for File Transfer Services...................................................................................................71
Enabling the FTP Server............................................................................................................................................71
Conguring FTP Server Parameters........................................................................................................................72
Conguring FTP Client Parameters......................................................................................................................... 72
Terminal Lines................................................................................................................................................................... 73
Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line................................................................................................ 73
Conguring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines............................................................................................. 74
Setting Time Out of EXEC Privilege Mode................................................................................................................... 74
Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device..........................................................................................................75
Lock CONFIGURATION Mode....................................................................................................................................... 76
Viewing the Conguration Lock Status...................................................................................................................76
Limit Concurrent Login Sessions....................................................................................................................................76
Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions.............................................................................77
Conguring Concurrent Session Limit.....................................................................................................................77
Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions.....................................................................................................77
Track Login Activity..........................................................................................................................................................78
Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity...................................................................................................................78
Conguring Login Activity Tracking......................................................................................................................... 78
Display Login Statistics..............................................................................................................................................79
4
Contents
Recovering from a Forgotten Password....................................................................................................................... 80
Recovering from a Forgotten Enable Password........................................................................................................... 81
Recovering from a Failed Start.......................................................................................................................................82
5 802.1X..........................................................................................................................................................83
The Port-Authentication Process.................................................................................................................................. 86
EAP over RADIUS...................................................................................................................................................... 87
Conguring 802.1X........................................................................................................................................................... 87
Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 87
Important Points to Remember......................................................................................................................................88
Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................ 88
Conguring Request Identity Re-Transmissions.....................................................................................................89
Conguring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication..................................................................................... 90
Conguring dot1x Prole .................................................................................................................................................91
Conguring MAC addresses for a do1x Prole..............................................................................................................91
Conguring the Static MAB and MAB Prole .............................................................................................................92
Conguring Critical VLAN ..............................................................................................................................................92
Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port............................................................................................................... 93
Re-Authenticating a Port................................................................................................................................................94
Conguring Timeouts......................................................................................................................................................95
Conguring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication.......................................................................... 96
Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs.....................................................................................................................97
Conguring a Guest VLAN....................................................................................................................................... 98
Conguring an Authentication-Fail VLAN...............................................................................................................98
6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM).................................. 100
Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs................................................................. 100
Guidelines for Conguring ACL VLAN groups.............................................................................................................101
Conguring ACL VLAN Groups and Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters...............................................102
Conguring ACL VLAN Groups.............................................................................................................................. 102
Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters.......................................................................................................103
Viewing CAM Usage...................................................................................................................................................... 103
Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes.................................................................................................................. 105
7 Access Control Lists (ACLs)....................................................................................................................... 106
IP Access Control Lists (ACLs)..................................................................................................................................... 107
Implementing ACL on the Dell Networking OS...........................................................................................................108
ACLs and VLANs............................................................................................................................................................108
ACL Optimization........................................................................................................................................................... 108
Determine the Order in which ACLs are Used to Classify Trac.............................................................................108
Example of the order Keyword to Determine ACL Sequence.............................................................................108
IP Fragment Handling.................................................................................................................................................... 109
IP Fragments ACL Examples.........................................................................................................................................109
Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples.........................................................................................................................................109
Congure a Standard IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................110
Conguring a Standard IP ACL Filter.............................................................................................................................111
Contents
5
Congure an Extended IP ACL......................................................................................................................................112
Conguring Filters with a Sequence Number..............................................................................................................112
Conguring Filters Without a Sequence Number....................................................................................................... 113
Established Flag...............................................................................................................................................................113
Congure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs............................................................................................................................ 113
Assign an IP ACL to an Interface...................................................................................................................................114
Applying an IP ACL..........................................................................................................................................................114
Counting ACL Hits.......................................................................................................................................................... 115
Congure Ingress ACLs..................................................................................................................................................115
Congure Egress ACLs...................................................................................................................................................116
Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane)...........................................................................................................116
IP Prex Lists................................................................................................................................................................... 117
Implementation Information..................................................................................................................................... 117
Conguration Task List for Prex Lists......................................................................................................................... 117
Creating a Prex List.......................................................................................................................................................118
Creating a Prex List Without a Sequence Number...................................................................................................118
Viewing Prex Lists.........................................................................................................................................................119
Applying a Prex List for Route Redistribution...........................................................................................................120
Applying a Filter to a Prex List (OSPF)......................................................................................................................120
ACL Resequencing..........................................................................................................................................................121
Resequencing an ACL or Prex List..............................................................................................................................121
Route Maps..................................................................................................................................................................... 123
Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 123
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................... 123
Conguration Task List for Route Maps...................................................................................................................... 123
Creating a Route Map....................................................................................................................................................123
Congure Route Map Filters.........................................................................................................................................125
Conguring Match Routes............................................................................................................................................ 125
Conguring Set Conditions........................................................................................................................................... 126
Congure a Route Map for Route Redistribution....................................................................................................... 127
Congure a Route Map for Route Tagging..................................................................................................................127
Continue Clause..............................................................................................................................................................128
Logging of ACL Processes............................................................................................................................................ 128
Guidelines for Conguring ACL Logging......................................................................................................................129
Conguring ACL Logging...............................................................................................................................................129
Flow-Based Monitoring Support for ACLs..................................................................................................................130
Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring.......................................................................................................................130
Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring...................................................................................................................................131
8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD).................................................................................................. 133
How BFD Works............................................................................................................................................................. 133
BFD Packet Format..................................................................................................................................................134
BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................ 135
BFD Three-Way Handshake.................................................................................................................................... 136
Session State Changes............................................................................................................................................138
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................... 138
6
Contents
Congure BFD................................................................................................................................................................ 138
Congure BFD for Physical Ports...........................................................................................................................139
Enabling BFD Globally.............................................................................................................................................. 139
Changing Physical Port Session Parameters........................................................................................................ 140
Disabling and Re-Enabling BFD.............................................................................................................................. 140
Congure BFD for Static Routes...................................................................................................................................141
Related Conguration Tasks.....................................................................................................................................141
Establishing Sessions for Static Routes................................................................................................................. 141
Establishing Static Route Sessions on Specic Neighbors................................................................................. 142
Changing Static Route Session Parameters..........................................................................................................143
Disabling BFD for Static Routes............................................................................................................................. 143
Congure BFD for OSPF...............................................................................................................................................143
Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................144
Establishing Sessions with OSPF Neighbors........................................................................................................ 144
Changing OSPF Session Parameters.....................................................................................................................145
Disabling BFD for OSPF.......................................................................................................................................... 145
Congure BFD for OSPFv3...........................................................................................................................................146
Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................146
Establishing Sessions with OSPFv3 Neighbors.................................................................................................... 146
Changing OSPFv3 Session Parameters.................................................................................................................146
Disabling BFD for OSPFv3.......................................................................................................................................147
Congure BFD for BGP................................................................................................................................................. 147
Prerequisites..............................................................................................................................................................147
Establishing Sessions with BGP Neighbors...........................................................................................................147
Disabling BFD for BGP.............................................................................................................................................149
Use BFD in a BGP Peer Group............................................................................................................................... 150
Displaying BFD for BGP Information......................................................................................................................150
Congure BFD for VRRP...............................................................................................................................................154
Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................154
Establishing Sessions with All VRRP Neighbors...................................................................................................154
Establishing VRRP Sessions on VRRP Neighbors................................................................................................155
Changing VRRP Session Parameters.................................................................................................................... 156
Disabling BFD for VRRP.......................................................................................................................................... 156
Congure BFD for VLANs.............................................................................................................................................156
Related Conguration Task......................................................................................................................................157
Establish Sessions with VLAN Neighbors..............................................................................................................157
Changing VLAN Session Parameters.....................................................................................................................158
Disabling BFD for VLANs.........................................................................................................................................158
Congure BFD for Port-Channels................................................................................................................................158
Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................158
Establish Sessions on Port-Channels.....................................................................................................................159
Changing Physical Port Session Parameters........................................................................................................ 159
Disabling BFD for Port-Channels............................................................................................................................160
Conguring Protocol Liveness...................................................................................................................................... 160
Troubleshooting BFD......................................................................................................................................................160
Contents
7
9 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4).................................................................................................... 162
Autonomous Systems (AS)........................................................................................................................................... 162
Sessions and Peers........................................................................................................................................................ 164
Establish a Session................................................................................................................................................... 164
Route Reectors.............................................................................................................................................................165
Communities............................................................................................................................................................. 166
BGP Attributes................................................................................................................................................................166
Best Path Selection Criteria....................................................................................................................................166
Weight........................................................................................................................................................................168
Local Preference.......................................................................................................................................................168
Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)...........................................................................................................................169
Origin..........................................................................................................................................................................170
AS Path.......................................................................................................................................................................171
Next Hop.................................................................................................................................................................... 171
Multiprotocol BGP...........................................................................................................................................................171
Implement BGP with the Dell Networking OS............................................................................................................ 172
Additional Path (Add-Path) Support...................................................................................................................... 172
Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes.........................................................................................172
Ignore Router-ID for Some Best-Path Calculations..............................................................................................173
Four-Byte AS Numbers............................................................................................................................................173
AS4 Number Representation.................................................................................................................................. 173
AS Number Migration.............................................................................................................................................. 175
BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)........................................................................................................176
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 176
Conguration Information.............................................................................................................................................. 177
BGP Conguration..........................................................................................................................................................177
Enabling BGP............................................................................................................................................................ 178
Enabling MBGP Congurations............................................................................................................................. 208
BGP Regular Expression Optimization........................................................................................................................209
Debugging BGP............................................................................................................................................................. 209
Storing Last and Bad PDUs.....................................................................................................................................210
PDU Counters............................................................................................................................................................211
Sample Congurations....................................................................................................................................................211
10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM).......................................................................................................220
CAM Allocation.............................................................................................................................................................. 220
Test CAM Usage.............................................................................................................................................................221
View CAM-ACL Settings............................................................................................................................................... 221
CAM Optimization......................................................................................................................................................... 222
11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP).................................................................................................................. 223
Congure Control Plane Policing................................................................................................................................. 224
Conguring CoPP for Protocols............................................................................................................................ 225
Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues...................................................................................................................... 226
Show Commands.....................................................................................................................................................227
8
Contents
12 Data Center Bridging (DCB).....................................................................................................................229
Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging..................................................................................................... 229
Priority-Based Flow Control................................................................................................................................... 230
Enhanced Transmission Selection...........................................................................................................................231
Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx)...............................................................................................232
Data Center Bridging in a Trac Flow...................................................................................................................233
Enabling Data Center Bridging..................................................................................................................................... 233
Conguring DCB Maps and its Attributes............................................................................................................ 234
Data Center Bridging: Default Conguration..............................................................................................................237
Interworking of DCB Map With DCB Buer Threshold Settings.............................................................................237
Conguring Priority-Based Flow Control.................................................................................................................... 238
Conguring Lossless Queues................................................................................................................................. 239
Conguring the PFC Buer in a Switch Stack.................................................................................................... 240
Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buer Method..............................................................................240
Congure Enhanced Transmission Selection..............................................................................................................242
ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions........................................................................................................................242
Creating an ETS Priority Group..............................................................................................................................242
ETS Operation with DCBx...................................................................................................................................... 243
Conguring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN.................................................................................................244
Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies................................................................................................... 245
Applying DCB Policies with an ETS Conguration.....................................................................................................245
PFC and ETS Conguration Examples........................................................................................................................245
Using PFC and ETS to Manage Data Center Trac........................................................................................... 246
Using PFC and ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac in a Switch Stack..............................................248
Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack.................................................................................................................... 248
Congure a DCBx Operation........................................................................................................................................ 248
DCBx Operation....................................................................................................................................................... 248
DCBx Port Roles...................................................................................................................................................... 249
DCB Conguration Exchange................................................................................................................................ 250
Conguration Source Election............................................................................................................................... 250
Propagation of DCB Information............................................................................................................................ 251
Auto-Detection and Manual Conguration of the DCBx Version....................................................................... 251
DCBx Example..........................................................................................................................................................252
DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions.....................................................................................................................253
Conguring DCBx....................................................................................................................................................253
Verifying the DCB Conguration................................................................................................................................. 256
QoS dot1p Trac Classication and Queue Assignment..........................................................................................264
Conguring the Dynamic Buer Method................................................................................................................... 265
13 Debugging and Diagnostics.......................................................................................................................267
Oine Diagnostics......................................................................................................................................................... 267
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................267
Running Oine Diagnostics....................................................................................................................................268
Trace Logs.......................................................................................................................................................................270
Auto Save on Crash or Rollover............................................................................................................................. 270
Contents
9
Using the Show Hardware Commands....................................................................................................................... 270
Enabling Environmental Monitoring............................................................................................................................. 272
Recognize an Over-Temperature Condition..........................................................................................................273
Troubleshoot an Over-Temperature Condition......................................................................................................273
Recognize an Under-Voltage Condition.................................................................................................................274
Troubleshoot an Under-Voltage Condition............................................................................................................ 274
Troubleshooting Packet Loss........................................................................................................................................275
Displaying Drop Counters........................................................................................................................................275
Dataplane Statistics................................................................................................................................................. 276
Display Stack Port Statistics...................................................................................................................................277
Displaying Stack Member Counters.......................................................................................................................278
Enabling Application Core Dumps................................................................................................................................ 279
Mini Core Dumps............................................................................................................................................................279
Enabling TCP Dumps.....................................................................................................................................................280
Enabling Buer Statistics Tracking ..............................................................................................................................281
14 Dynamic Host Conguration Protocol (DHCP)......................................................................................... 283
DHCP Packet Format and Options............................................................................................................................. 283
Assign an IP Address using DHCP.........................................................................................................................285
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................285
Congure the System to be a DHCP Server..............................................................................................................286
Conguring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation..................................................................................286
Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................................287
Specifying a Default Gateway................................................................................................................................ 288
Enabling the DHCP Server..................................................................................................................................... 288
Congure a Method of Hostname Resolution..................................................................................................... 289
Creating Manual Binding Entries............................................................................................................................290
Debugging the DHCP Server.................................................................................................................................290
Using DHCP Clear Commands.............................................................................................................................. 290
Congure the System to be a Relay Agent................................................................................................................. 291
Congure the System to be a DHCP Client............................................................................................................... 293
Conguring the DHCP Client System................................................................................................................... 293
DHCP Client on a Management Interface............................................................................................................296
DHCP Client Operation with Other Features....................................................................................................... 297
Congure Secure DHCP...............................................................................................................................................298
Option 82..................................................................................................................................................................298
DHCP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................................298
Conguring the DHCP secondary-subnet............................................................................................................302
Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only....................................................................................................302
Dynamic ARP Inspection.........................................................................................................................................303
Conguring Dynamic ARP Inspection................................................................................................................... 304
Source Address Validation...................................................................................................................................... 305
15 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)................................................................................................................ 307
ECMP for Flow-Based Anity..................................................................................................................................... 307
Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop...............................................................................................................307
10
Contents
Link Bundle Monitoring..................................................................................................................................................307
Managing ECMP Group Paths.....................................................................................................................................308
RTAG7.............................................................................................................................................................................308
Flow-based Hashing for ECMP................................................................................................................................... 309
16 FC FLEXIO FPORT................................................................................................................................... 313
FC FLEXIO FPORT.........................................................................................................................................................313
Conguring Switch Mode to FCF Port Mode.............................................................................................................314
Name Server...................................................................................................................................................................315
FCoE Maps......................................................................................................................................................................315
Creating an FCoE Map.................................................................................................................................................. 316
Zoning...............................................................................................................................................................................317
Creating Zone and Adding Members........................................................................................................................... 318
Creating Zone Alias and Adding Members.................................................................................................................. 318
Creating Zonesets.......................................................................................................................................................... 318
Activating a Zoneset...................................................................................................................................................... 319
Displaying the Fabric Parameters................................................................................................................................. 319
17 FCoE Transit.............................................................................................................................................322
Fibre Channel over Ethernet........................................................................................................................................ 322
Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network............................................................................................ 322
FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges.............................................................................................................................. 324
FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack...................................................................................................................................325
Using FIP Snooping....................................................................................................................................................... 326
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 326
Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature........................................................................................................................ 326
Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs............................................................................................................................. 327
Congure the FC-MAP Value.................................................................................................................................327
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link....................................................................................................... 327
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link........................................................................................................... 327
Impact on Other Software Features......................................................................................................................327
FIP Snooping Prerequisites.....................................................................................................................................328
FIP Snooping Restrictions...................................................................................................................................... 328
Conguring FIP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................329
Displaying FIP Snooping Information...........................................................................................................................329
FCoE Transit Conguration Example...........................................................................................................................334
18 FIPS Cryptography................................................................................................................................... 337
Preparing the System....................................................................................................................................................337
Enabling FIPS Mode...................................................................................................................................................... 337
Generating Host-Keys...................................................................................................................................................338
Monitoring FIPS Mode Status......................................................................................................................................338
Disabling FIPS Mode..................................................................................................................................................... 339
19 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)................................................................................................... 340
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................340
Contents
11
Ring Status................................................................................................................................................................341
Multiple FRRP Rings................................................................................................................................................342
Important FRRP Points...........................................................................................................................................343
Important FRRP Concepts..................................................................................................................................... 344
Implementing FRRP.......................................................................................................................................................345
FRRP Conguration...................................................................................................................................................... 345
Creating the FRRP Group.......................................................................................................................................345
Conguring the Control VLAN...............................................................................................................................345
Conguring and Adding the Member VLANs.......................................................................................................347
Setting the FRRP Timers........................................................................................................................................348
Clearing the FRRP Counters..................................................................................................................................348
Viewing the FRRP Conguration...........................................................................................................................348
Viewing the FRRP Information...............................................................................................................................349
Troubleshooting FRRP.................................................................................................................................................. 349
Conguration Checks..............................................................................................................................................349
Sample Conguration and Topology............................................................................................................................350
FRRP Support on VLT................................................................................................................................................... 351
Example Scenario.................................................................................................................................................... 352
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 353
20 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)............................................................................................. 354
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................... 354
Congure GVRP............................................................................................................................................................ 354
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................355
Enabling GVRP Globally................................................................................................................................................355
Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface........................................................................................................................356
Congure GVRP Registration...................................................................................................................................... 356
Congure a GARP Timer...............................................................................................................................................357
21 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)......................................................................................... 358
IGMP Protocol Overview..............................................................................................................................................358
IGMP Version 2........................................................................................................................................................358
IGMP Version 3........................................................................................................................................................360
IGMP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................................363
IGMP Snooping Implementation Information.......................................................................................................363
Conguring IGMP Snooping...................................................................................................................................364
Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave...........................................................................................................................364
Disabling Multicast Flooding...................................................................................................................................365
Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router...................................................................................... 365
Conguring the Switch as Querier........................................................................................................................ 365
Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes...................................................................................................366
Designating a Multicast Router Interface................................................................................................................... 366
22 Interfaces.................................................................................................................................................367
Basic Interface Conguration....................................................................................................................................... 367
Advanced Interface Conguration...............................................................................................................................367
12
Contents
Interface Types...............................................................................................................................................................368
View Basic Interface Information.................................................................................................................................368
Conguring the Default Interface................................................................................................................................ 370
Enabling a Physical Interface.........................................................................................................................................371
Physical Interfaces..........................................................................................................................................................371
Conguration Task List for Physical Interfaces.....................................................................................................371
Overview of Layer Modes.......................................................................................................................................372
Conguring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode..................................................................................................................372
Conguring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode...................................................................................................................372
Conguring Layer 3 (Network) Mode................................................................................................................... 373
Conguring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode...................................................................................................................373
Management Interfaces................................................................................................................................................ 374
Conguring Management Interfaces on the Switch........................................................................................... 375
VLAN Interfaces.............................................................................................................................................................376
Loopback Interfaces...................................................................................................................................................... 376
Null Interfaces.................................................................................................................................................................377
Port Channel Interfaces.................................................................................................................................................377
Port Channel Denition and Standards................................................................................................................. 377
Port Channel Benets............................................................................................................................................. 378
Port Channel Implementation.................................................................................................................................378
100/1000/10000 Mbps Interfaces in Port Channels...........................................................................................378
Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces.................................................................................................379
Creating a Port Channel..........................................................................................................................................379
Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.....................................................................................................379
Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel.................................................................................................381
Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel.............................................................................. 382
Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN............................................................................................. 382
Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel.......................................................................................................... 383
Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel..................................................................................................................... 383
Load Balancing through Port Channels.......................................................................................................................383
Changing the Hash Algorithm......................................................................................................................................383
Server Ports................................................................................................................................................................... 384
Default Conguration without Start-up Cong................................................................................................... 384
Bulk Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 385
Interface Range....................................................................................................................................................... 385
Bulk Conguration Examples..................................................................................................................................386
Dening Interface Range Macros................................................................................................................................ 387
Dene the Interface Range.....................................................................................................................................387
Choosing an Interface-Range Macro.................................................................................................................... 387
Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces....................................................................................................................... 388
Maintenance Using TDR......................................................................................................................................... 389
Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports........................................................................................................................... 389
Merging SFP+ Ports to QSFP 40G Ports............................................................................................................ 390
Congure the MTU Size on an Interface..............................................................................................................390
Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port...................................................................................391
Contents
13
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 391
Example Scenarios................................................................................................................................................... 391
Conguring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics................................................................................................392
Layer 2 Flow Control Using Ethernet Pause Frames................................................................................................ 392
Enabling Pause Frames........................................................................................................................................... 393
Congure MTU Size on an Interface...........................................................................................................................393
Port-Pipes.......................................................................................................................................................................394
Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces...................................................................................................................394
Setting the Speed and Duplex Mode of Ethernet Interfaces.............................................................................394
View Advanced Interface Information.........................................................................................................................396
Conguring the Interface Sampling Size...............................................................................................................397
Conguring the Trac Sampling Size Globally.....................................................................................................398
Dynamic Counters................................................................................................................................................... 400
Enhanced Control of Remote Fault Indication Processing........................................................................................401
Assigning a Front-end Port to a Management VRF...................................................................................................401
23 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)...........................................................................................................402
Conguring IPSec .........................................................................................................................................................402
24 IPv4 Routing............................................................................................................................................ 404
IP Addresses...................................................................................................................................................................404
Implementation Information................................................................................................................................... 405
Conguration Tasks for IP Addresses................................................................................................................... 405
IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview...........................................................................................................................407
Using the Congured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages..................................................................................408
Conguring the ICMP Source Interface............................................................................................................... 408
Conguring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection........................................................................................ 408
Enabling Directed Broadcast........................................................................................................................................ 409
Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................................................409
Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names......................................................................................................409
Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains.............................................................................. 410
Conguring DNS with Traceroute.......................................................................................................................... 410
ARP................................................................................................................................................................................... 411
Conguration Tasks for ARP....................................................................................................................................411
ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................................ 413
ARP Learning via ARP Request.................................................................................................................................... 413
Conguring ARP Retries................................................................................................................................................414
ICMP................................................................................................................................................................................ 415
Conguration Tasks for ICMP.................................................................................................................................415
UDP Helper..................................................................................................................................................................... 415
Congure UDP Helper............................................................................................................................................. 415
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 415
Enabling UDP Helper................................................................................................................................................416
Congurations Using UDP Helper................................................................................................................................ 416
UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses........................................................................................................... 416
UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses....................................................................................................417
14
Contents
UDP Helper with Congured Broadcast Addresses.............................................................................................417
UDP Helper with No Congured Broadcast Addresses.......................................................................................418
Troubleshooting UDP Helper.........................................................................................................................................418
25 IPv6 Addressing.......................................................................................................................................420
Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 420
Extended Address Space.........................................................................................................................................421
Stateless Autoconguration.................................................................................................................................... 421
IPv6 Header Fields.........................................................................................................................................................422
Version (4 bits).........................................................................................................................................................422
Trac Class (8 bits).................................................................................................................................................422
Flow Label (20 bits).................................................................................................................................................422
Payload Length (16 bits)......................................................................................................................................... 422
Next Header (8 bits)............................................................................................................................................... 423
Hop Limit (8 bits).....................................................................................................................................................423
Source Address (128 bits).......................................................................................................................................424
Destination Address (128 bits)............................................................................................................................... 424
Extension Header Fields................................................................................................................................................424
Hop-by-Hop Options Header................................................................................................................................. 424
Addressing...................................................................................................................................................................... 425
Link-local Addresses................................................................................................................................................425
Static and Dynamic Addressing............................................................................................................................. 425
Implementing IPv6 with the Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................... 426
ICMPv6...........................................................................................................................................................................429
Path MTU Discovery.....................................................................................................................................................430
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery..............................................................................................................................................430
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets........................................................................................................... 431
Conguring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server........................................................................................................ 431
Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host .....................................................................................432
Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information......................................................................................................................432
IPv6 Multicast................................................................................................................................................................ 432
Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport.............................................................................................................. 432
Conguration Task List for IPv6...................................................................................................................................433
Adjusting Your CAM-Prole....................................................................................................................................433
Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface........................................................................................................... 434
Assigning a Static IPv6 Route................................................................................................................................434
Conguring Telnet with IPv6..................................................................................................................................435
SNMP over IPv6......................................................................................................................................................435
Showing IPv6 Information...................................................................................................................................... 435
Showing an IPv6 Interface..................................................................................................................................... 436
Showing IPv6 Routes..............................................................................................................................................436
Showing the Running-Conguration for an Interface......................................................................................... 437
Clearing IPv6 Routes...............................................................................................................................................438
Disabling ND Entry Timeout................................................................................................................................... 438
26 iSCSI Optimization...................................................................................................................................439
Contents
15
iSCSI Optimization Overview....................................................................................................................................... 439
Monitoring iSCSI Trac Flows................................................................................................................................441
Information Monitored in iSCSI Trac Flows........................................................................................................441
Detection and Auto-Conguration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays............................................................................441
Conguring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays.............................................................................442
iSCSI Optimization: Operation................................................................................................................................442
Default iSCSI Optimization Values.........................................................................................................................442
Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information..................................................................................................................443
27 Intermediate System to Intermediate System...........................................................................................445
IS-IS Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................................... 445
IS-IS Addressing.............................................................................................................................................................445
Multi-Topology IS-IS...................................................................................................................................................... 446
Transition Mode....................................................................................................................................................... 446
Interface Support.....................................................................................................................................................447
Adjacencies...............................................................................................................................................................447
Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................................................447
Timers........................................................................................................................................................................447
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................448
Conguration Information.............................................................................................................................................448
Conguration Tasks for IS-IS..................................................................................................................................449
IS-IS Metric Styles.........................................................................................................................................................463
Congure Metric Values............................................................................................................................................... 463
Maximum Values in the Routing Table.................................................................................................................. 463
Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only................................................................................................463
Leaks from One Level to Another..........................................................................................................................465
Sample Congurations..................................................................................................................................................466
28 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)...............................................................................................470
Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP...................................................................................................................470
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................470
LACP Modes............................................................................................................................................................. 471
Conguring LACP Commands................................................................................................................................471
LACP Conguration Tasks............................................................................................................................................ 472
Creating a LAG.........................................................................................................................................................472
Conguring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic........................................................................................................ 472
Setting the LACP Long Timeout............................................................................................................................473
Shared LAG State Tracking...........................................................................................................................................474
Conguring Shared LAG State Tracking..................................................................................................................... 474
Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking........................................................................................... 476
LACP Basic Conguration Example.............................................................................................................................476
Congure a LAG on ALPHA................................................................................................................................... 476
29 Layer 2.................................................................................................................................................... 485
Manage the MAC Address Table................................................................................................................................. 485
Clearing the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................... 485
16
Contents
Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries........................................................................................................485
Conguring a Static MAC Address........................................................................................................................486
Displaying the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................486
MAC Learning Limit.......................................................................................................................................................486
Setting the MAC Learning Limit.............................................................................................................................487
mac learning-limit Dynamic.....................................................................................................................................487
mac learning-limit station-move.............................................................................................................................487
Learning Limit Violation Actions............................................................................................................................. 487
Setting Station Move Violation Actions................................................................................................................ 488
Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations........................................................................... 488
Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System.................................................................................................489
NIC Teaming................................................................................................................................................................... 489
MAC Move Optimization.........................................................................................................................................491
30 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)..................................................................................................... 492
802.1AB (LLDP) Overview............................................................................................................................................492
Protocol Data Units................................................................................................................................................. 492
Optional TLVs................................................................................................................................................................. 493
Management TLVs...................................................................................................................................................493
TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview................................................................................................................................ 495
TIA Organizationally Specic TLVs........................................................................................................................ 495
Extended Power via MDI TLV................................................................................................................................ 499
Congure LLDP............................................................................................................................................................. 499
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................499
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 500
LLDP Compatibility..................................................................................................................................................500
CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Congurations............................................................................................500
Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................................................ 501
Disabling and Undoing LLDP...................................................................................................................................501
Advertising TLVs.............................................................................................................................................................501
Viewing the LLDP Conguration................................................................................................................................. 502
Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents..................................................................................... 503
Conguring LLDPDU Intervals.....................................................................................................................................504
Conguring Transmit and Receive Mode................................................................................................................... 504
Conguring a Time to Live........................................................................................................................................... 505
Debugging LLDP............................................................................................................................................................506
Relevant Management Objects....................................................................................................................................507
31 Microsoft Network Load Balancing........................................................................................................... 512
NLB Unicast Mode Scenario.........................................................................................................................................512
NLB Multicast Mode Scenario......................................................................................................................................512
Limitations With Enabling NLB on Switches...............................................................................................................513
Benets and Working of Microsoft Clustering............................................................................................................513
Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding ............................................................................................................................. 513
Conguring a Switch for NLB ......................................................................................................................................513
Multicast NLB Mode................................................................................................................................................514
Contents
17
32 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)..........................................................................................515
Protocol Overview..........................................................................................................................................................515
Anycast RP......................................................................................................................................................................517
Implementation Information.......................................................................................................................................... 518
Congure the Multicast Source Discovery Protocol..................................................................................................518
Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................518
Enabling MSDP.............................................................................................................................................................. 522
Manage the Source-Active Cache.............................................................................................................................. 523
Viewing the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................523
Limiting the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................523
Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................ 524
Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache....................................................................................................... 524
Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check......................................................................................524
Specifying Source-Active Messages...........................................................................................................................528
Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer...................................................................................................529
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source.......................................................................................................529
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source.................................................................................................. 530
Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source................................................................................................. 530
Logging Changes in Peership States............................................................................................................................531
Terminating a Peership...................................................................................................................................................531
Clearing Peer Statistics.................................................................................................................................................532
Debugging MSDP.......................................................................................................................................................... 532
MSDP with Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................533
Conguring Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................534
Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding........................................................................................................ 535
Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages.............................................................................................. 535
MSDP Sample Congurations......................................................................................................................................537
33 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)................................................................................................ 540
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................540
Spanning Tree Variations............................................................................................................................................... 541
Implementation Information.......................................................................................................................................... 541
Congure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol.................................................................................................................541
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................542
Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally...................................................................................................................... 542
Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances................................................................................................................ 542
Inuencing MSTP Root Selection................................................................................................................................543
Interoperate with Non-Dell Networking OS Bridges................................................................................................. 544
Changing the Region Name or Revision..................................................................................................................... 544
Modifying Global Parameters....................................................................................................................................... 545
Enable BPDU Filtering Globally.................................................................................................................................... 546
Modifying the Interface Parameters........................................................................................................................... 546
Conguring an EdgePort.............................................................................................................................................. 547
Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change....................................................................................................... 548
MSTP Sample Congurations......................................................................................................................................548
18
Contents
Router 1 Running-CongurationRouter 2 Running-CongurationRouter 3 Running-
CongurationSFTOS Example Running-Conguration.......................................................................................549
Debugging and Verifying MSTP Congurations........................................................................................................ 552
34 Multicast Features...................................................................................................................................554
Enabling IP Multicast.....................................................................................................................................................554
Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 554
First Packet Forwarding for Lossless Multicast.........................................................................................................555
Multicast Policies...........................................................................................................................................................555
IPv4 Multicast Policies..................................................................................................................................................555
Limiting the Number of Multicast Routes............................................................................................................ 556
Preventing a Host from Joining a Group.............................................................................................................. 556
Rate Limiting IGMP Join Requests........................................................................................................................559
Preventing a PIM Router from Forming an Adjacency....................................................................................... 559
Preventing a Source from Registering with the RP............................................................................................ 559
Preventing a PIM Router from Processing a Join............................................................................................... 562
Understanding Multicast Traceroute (mtrace).......................................................................................................... 562
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 563
Printing Multicast Traceroute (mtrace) Paths........................................................................................................... 563
Supported Error Codes.................................................................................................................................................564
mtrace Scenarios...........................................................................................................................................................565
35 Object Tracking........................................................................................................................................ 571
Object Tracking Overview............................................................................................................................................. 571
Track Layer 2 Interfaces..........................................................................................................................................572
Track Layer 3 Interfaces..........................................................................................................................................572
Track IPv4 and IPv6 Routes................................................................................................................................... 572
Set Tracking Delays..................................................................................................................................................572
VRRP Object Tracking.............................................................................................................................................573
Object Tracking Conguration......................................................................................................................................573
Tracking a Layer 2 Interface................................................................................................................................... 573
Tracking a Layer 3 Interface....................................................................................................................................574
Track an IPv4/IPv6 Route...................................................................................................................................... 575
Displaying Tracked Objects........................................................................................................................................... 576
36 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3)....................................................................................578
Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 578
Autonomous System (AS) Areas............................................................................................................................578
Area Types................................................................................................................................................................ 579
Networks and Neighbors........................................................................................................................................580
Router Types............................................................................................................................................................ 580
Link-State Advertisements (LSAs)........................................................................................................................582
Router Priority and Cost.........................................................................................................................................583
OSPF with the Dell Networking OS............................................................................................................................584
Graceful Restart...................................................................................................................................................... 585
Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only)..............................................................................................................586
Contents
19
Processing SNMP and Sending SNMP Traps......................................................................................................586
OSPF ACK Packing................................................................................................................................................. 586
Setting OSPF Adjacency with Cisco Routers...................................................................................................... 586
Conguration Information............................................................................................................................................. 587
Conguration Task List for OSPFv2 (OSPF for IPv4).........................................................................................587
Troubleshooting OSPFv2........................................................................................................................................598
Conguration Task List for OSPFv3 (OSPF for IPv6).............................................................................................. 602
Enabling IPv6 Unicast Routing...............................................................................................................................603
Applying cost for OSPFv3...................................................................................................................................... 603
Assigning IPv6 Addresses on an Interface............................................................................................................603
Assigning Area ID on an Interface..........................................................................................................................604
Assigning OSPFv3 Process ID and Router ID Globally........................................................................................604
Conguring Stub Areas...........................................................................................................................................605
Conguring Passive-Interface................................................................................................................................605
Redistributing Routes..............................................................................................................................................605
Conguring a Default Route...................................................................................................................................606
Enabling OSPFv3 Graceful Restart....................................................................................................................... 606
Displaying Graceful Restart.................................................................................................................................... 607
OSPFv3 Authentication Using IPsec.....................................................................................................................608
37 Policy-based Routing (PBR).....................................................................................................................616
Overview......................................................................................................................................................................... 616
Implementing Policy-based Routing with Dell Networking OS.................................................................................618
Conguration Task List for Policy-based Routing.......................................................................................................618
PBR Exceptions (Permit)....................................................................................................................................... 620
Apply a Redirect-list to an Interface using a Redirect-group....................................................................................622
Show Redirect List Conguration..........................................................................................................................623
Sample Conguration....................................................................................................................................................624
Create the Redirect-List GOLDAssign Redirect-List GOLD to Interface 2/11View Redirect-List GOLD......624
38 PIM Sparse-Mode (PIM-SM).................................................................................................................. 628
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................628
Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 628
Requesting Multicast Trac...................................................................................................................................629
Refuse Multicast Trac..........................................................................................................................................629
Send Multicast Trac............................................................................................................................................. 629
Conguring PIM-SM.....................................................................................................................................................630
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................630
Enable PIM-SM..............................................................................................................................................................630
Conguring S,G Expiry Timers...................................................................................................................................... 631
Conguring a Static Rendezvous Point...................................................................................................................... 632
Overriding Bootstrap Router Updates.................................................................................................................. 632
Conguring a Designated Router.................................................................................................................................633
Creating Multicast Boundaries and Domains............................................................................................................. 633
Enabling PIM-SM Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................634
20
Contents
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