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Force10 MXL Blade

Dell Force10 MXL Blade User guide

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Dell Networking Conguration Guide for the MXL
10/40GbE Switch I/O Module
9.7(0.0)
Notes, Cautions, and Warnings
NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your computer.
CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the
problem.
WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.
Copyright © 2015 Dell Inc. All rights reserved. This product is protected by U.S. and international copyright and intellectual property laws. Dell
™
and the Dell logo are trademarks of Dell Inc. in the United States and/or other jurisdictions. All other marks and names mentioned herein may be
trademarks of their respective companies.
2015 - 01
Rev. A00
Contents
1 About this Guide............................................................................................................ 30
Audience.......................................................................................................................................................................... 30
Conventions..................................................................................................................................................................... 30
Information Symbols.........................................................................................................................................................30
Related Documents...........................................................................................................................................................31
2 Conguration Fundamentals..........................................................................................32
Accessing the Command Line.......................................................................................................................................... 32
CLI Modes........................................................................................................................................................................32
Navigating CLI Modes................................................................................................................................................ 33
The do Command.............................................................................................................................................................36
Undoing Commands.........................................................................................................................................................36
Obtaining Help..................................................................................................................................................................37
Entering and Editing Commands.......................................................................................................................................37
Command History............................................................................................................................................................ 38
Filtering show Command Outputs.................................................................................................................................... 38
Multiple Users in Conguration Mode...............................................................................................................................39
3 Getting Started..............................................................................................................41
Console Access................................................................................................................................................................ 42
Serial Console.............................................................................................................................................................42
External Serial Port with a USB Connector.................................................................................................................44
Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH........................................................................................... 44
Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection....................................................................................................44
Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection.............................................................................................. 44
Boot Process....................................................................................................................................................................45
Default Conguration....................................................................................................................................................... 46
Conguring a Host Name.................................................................................................................................................46
Conguring a Host Name................................................................................................................................................. 47
Accessing the System Remotely.......................................................................................................................................47
Accessing the MXL Switch Remotely.........................................................................................................................47
Congure the Management Port IP Address.............................................................................................................. 47
Congure a Management Route.................................................................................................................................48
Conguring a Username and Password...................................................................................................................... 48
Conguring the Enable Password.....................................................................................................................................48
Conguration File Management........................................................................................................................................49
Copy Files to and from the System............................................................................................................................ 49
Save the Running-Conguration................................................................................................................................ 50
Viewing Files............................................................................................................................................................... 51
Managing the File System................................................................................................................................................ 52
View the Command History..............................................................................................................................................53
Using HTTP for File Transfers.......................................................................................................................................... 53
3
Upgrading and Downgrading the Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................... 53
Using Hashes to Validate Software Images...................................................................................................................... 53
4 Management.................................................................................................................55
Conguring Privilege Levels............................................................................................................................................. 55
Creating a Custom Privilege Level..............................................................................................................................55
Customizing a Privilege Level.....................................................................................................................................56
Applying a Privilege Level to a Username....................................................................................................................57
Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line............................................................................................................... 57
Conguring Logging......................................................................................................................................................... 58
Audit and Security Logs............................................................................................................................................. 58
Conguring Logging Format .....................................................................................................................................60
Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server...................................................................................................60
Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration................................................................................................61
Log Messages in the Internal Buer................................................................................................................................. 62
Conguration Task List for System Log Management................................................................................................ 62
Disabling System Logging.................................................................................................................................................62
Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server................................................................................................................. 62
Conguring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server..........................................................................................................62
Changing System Logging Settings..................................................................................................................................63
Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration............................................................................................... 64
Conguring a UNIX Logging Facility Level........................................................................................................................ 64
Synchronizing Log Messages........................................................................................................................................... 65
Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages........................................................................................................................ 66
Enabling Secure Mode..................................................................................................................................................... 66
File Transfer Services........................................................................................................................................................67
Conguration Task List for File Transfer Services........................................................................................................67
Enabling the FTP Server.............................................................................................................................................67
Conguring FTP Server Parameters...........................................................................................................................67
Conguring FTP Client Parameters............................................................................................................................ 68
Terminal Lines...................................................................................................................................................................68
Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line......................................................................................................68
Conguring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines...................................................................................................69
Setting Time Out of EXEC Privilege Mode....................................................................................................................... 70
Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device............................................................................................................... 70
Lock CONFIGURATION Mode.......................................................................................................................................... 71
Viewing the Conguration Lock Status....................................................................................................................... 71
Recovering from a Forgotten Password............................................................................................................................72
Recovering from a Forgotten Enable Password................................................................................................................ 73
Recovering from a Failed Start......................................................................................................................................... 73
5 802.1X........................................................................................................................... 75
The Port-Authentication Process..................................................................................................................................... 76
EAP over RADIUS.......................................................................................................................................................77
Conguring 802.1X........................................................................................................................................................... 78
Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................... 78
4
Important Points to Remember........................................................................................................................................ 78
Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................ 79
Conguring Request Identity Re-Transmissions..........................................................................................................80
Conguring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication.............................................................................................81
Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port.................................................................................................................... 82
Re-Authenticating a Port..................................................................................................................................................82
Conguring Timeouts....................................................................................................................................................... 83
Conguring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication................................................................................... 84
Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs........................................................................................................................ 85
Conguring a Guest VLAN......................................................................................................................................... 86
Conguring an Authentication-Fail VLAN................................................................................................................... 86
6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM)..... 88
Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs............................................................................88
Guidelines for Conguring ACL VLAN groups...................................................................................................................89
Conguring ACL VLAN Groups and Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters........................................................... 89
Conguring ACL VLAN Groups.................................................................................................................................. 89
Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters............................................................................................................. 90
Viewing CAM Usage......................................................................................................................................................... 91
Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes........................................................................................................................ 92
7 Access Control Lists (ACLs).......................................................................................... 94
IP Access Control Lists (ACLs).........................................................................................................................................94
Implementing ACL on the Dell Networking OS................................................................................................................. 95
ACLs and VLANs..............................................................................................................................................................95
ACL Optimization............................................................................................................................................................. 95
Determine the Order in which ACLs are Used to Classify Trac...................................................................................... 95
Example of the order Keyword to Determine ACL Sequence......................................................................................95
IP Fragment Handling.......................................................................................................................................................96
IP Fragments ACL Examples............................................................................................................................................ 96
Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples............................................................................................................................................ 96
Congure a Standard IP ACL............................................................................................................................................97
Conguring a Standard IP ACL Filter................................................................................................................................98
Congure an Extended IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................99
Conguring Filters with a Sequence Number................................................................................................................... 99
Conguring Filters Without a Sequence Number............................................................................................................100
Established Flag..............................................................................................................................................................100
Congure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs...............................................................................................................................100
Assign an IP ACL to an Interface..................................................................................................................................... 101
Applying an IP ACL.......................................................................................................................................................... 101
Counting ACL Hits.......................................................................................................................................................... 102
Congure Ingress ACLs...................................................................................................................................................102
Congure Egress ACLs................................................................................................................................................... 103
Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane)................................................................................................................103
IP Prex Lists..................................................................................................................................................................104
Implementation Information...................................................................................................................................... 104
5
Conguration Task List for Prex Lists............................................................................................................................104
Creating a Prex List...................................................................................................................................................... 105
Creating a Prex List Without a Sequence Number........................................................................................................105
Viewing Prex Lists.........................................................................................................................................................106
Applying a Prex List for Route Redistribution................................................................................................................ 107
Applying a Filter to a Prex List (OSPF)..........................................................................................................................107
ACL Resequencing..........................................................................................................................................................108
Resequencing an ACL or Prex List................................................................................................................................ 108
Route Maps.....................................................................................................................................................................110
Implementation Information.......................................................................................................................................110
Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................................... 110
Conguration Task List for Route Maps...........................................................................................................................110
Creating a Route Map......................................................................................................................................................110
Congure Route Map Filters............................................................................................................................................112
Conguring Match Routes...............................................................................................................................................112
Conguring Set Conditions..............................................................................................................................................113
Congure a Route Map for Route Redistribution............................................................................................................. 114
Congure a Route Map for Route Tagging.......................................................................................................................114
Continue Clause.............................................................................................................................................................. 115
Logging of ACL Processes...............................................................................................................................................115
Guidelines for Conguring ACL Logging...........................................................................................................................116
Conguring ACL Logging.................................................................................................................................................116
Flow-Based Monitoring Support for ACLs....................................................................................................................... 117
Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring...........................................................................................................................117
Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring..................................................................................................................................... 119
8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD)....................................................................120
How BFD Works............................................................................................................................................................. 120
BFD Packet Format................................................................................................................................................... 121
BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................122
BFD Three-Way Handshake...................................................................................................................................... 123
Session State Changes............................................................................................................................................. 125
Important Points to Remember.......................................................................................................................................125
Congure BFD................................................................................................................................................................ 125
Congure BFD for Physical Ports..............................................................................................................................126
Enabling BFD Globally............................................................................................................................................... 126
Establishing a Session on Physical Ports................................................................................................................... 127
Changing Physical Port Session Parameters............................................................................................................. 128
Disabling and Re-Enabling BFD.................................................................................................................................129
Congure BFD for Static Routes.....................................................................................................................................129
Related Conguration Tasks......................................................................................................................................129
Establishing Sessions for Static Routes.....................................................................................................................130
Changing Static Route Session Parameters.............................................................................................................. 130
Disabling BFD for Static Routes.................................................................................................................................131
Congure BFD for OSPF................................................................................................................................................. 131
Related Conguration Tasks.......................................................................................................................................131
6
Establishing Sessions with OSPF Neighbors............................................................................................................. 132
Changing OSPF Session Parameters........................................................................................................................ 133
Disabling BFD for OSPF............................................................................................................................................133
Congure BFD for OSPFv3.............................................................................................................................................133
Related Conguration Tasks......................................................................................................................................134
Establishing Sessions with OSPFv3 Neighbors......................................................................................................... 134
Changing OSPFv3 Session Parameters.....................................................................................................................134
Disabling BFD for OSPFv3........................................................................................................................................ 134
Congure BFD for BGP.................................................................................................................................................. 135
Prerequisites............................................................................................................................................................. 135
Establishing Sessions with BGP Neighbors...............................................................................................................135
Disabling BFD for BGP.............................................................................................................................................. 137
Use BFD in a BGP Peer Group.................................................................................................................................. 137
Displaying BFD for BGP Information......................................................................................................................... 138
Congure BFD for VRRP................................................................................................................................................ 142
Related Conguration Tasks......................................................................................................................................142
Establishing Sessions with All VRRP Neighbors........................................................................................................ 142
Establishing VRRP Sessions on VRRP Neighbors..................................................................................................... 143
Changing VRRP Session Parameters........................................................................................................................ 143
Disabling BFD for VRRP............................................................................................................................................144
Congure BFD for VLANs...............................................................................................................................................144
Related Conguration Task....................................................................................................................................... 144
Establish Sessions with VLAN Neighbors..................................................................................................................145
Changing VLAN Session Parameters........................................................................................................................ 145
Disabling BFD for VLANs.......................................................................................................................................... 146
Congure BFD for Port-Channels................................................................................................................................... 146
Related Conguration Tasks......................................................................................................................................146
Establish Sessions on Port-Channels........................................................................................................................ 146
Changing Physical Port Session Parameters............................................................................................................. 147
Disabling BFD for Port-Channels...............................................................................................................................147
Conguring Protocol Liveness.........................................................................................................................................147
Troubleshooting BFD.......................................................................................................................................................148
9 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4)...................................................................... 149
Autonomous Systems (AS)............................................................................................................................................. 149
Sessions and Peers..........................................................................................................................................................151
Establish a Session.................................................................................................................................................... 151
Route Reectors.............................................................................................................................................................152
Communities.............................................................................................................................................................153
BGP Attributes............................................................................................................................................................... 153
Best Path Selection Criteria......................................................................................................................................153
Weight......................................................................................................................................................................155
Local Preference.......................................................................................................................................................155
Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)............................................................................................................................. 156
Origin........................................................................................................................................................................ 157
AS Path.....................................................................................................................................................................157
7
Next Hop..................................................................................................................................................................158
Multiprotocol BGP.......................................................................................................................................................... 158
Implement BGP with the Dell Networking OS.................................................................................................................158
Additional Path (Add-Path) Support......................................................................................................................... 158
Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes...............................................................................................159
Ignore Router-ID for Some Best-Path Calculations................................................................................................... 159
Four-Byte AS Numbers.............................................................................................................................................159
AS4 Number Representation.................................................................................................................................... 160
AS Number Migration................................................................................................................................................ 161
BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB).............................................................................................................163
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................163
Conguration Information............................................................................................................................................... 164
BGP Conguration..........................................................................................................................................................164
Enabling BGP............................................................................................................................................................165
Enabling MBGP Congurations.................................................................................................................................194
BGP Regular Expression Optimization............................................................................................................................ 194
Debugging BGP.............................................................................................................................................................. 194
Storing Last and Bad PDUs...................................................................................................................................... 195
PDU Counters...........................................................................................................................................................196
Sample Congurations....................................................................................................................................................196
10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM)........................................................................205
CAM Allocation.............................................................................................................................................................. 205
Test CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................206
View CAM-ACL Settings................................................................................................................................................206
CAM Optimization..........................................................................................................................................................207
11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP)....................................................................................208
Congure Control Plane Policing....................................................................................................................................209
Conguring CoPP for Protocols................................................................................................................................210
Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues........................................................................................................................... 211
Show Commands......................................................................................................................................................212
12 Data Center Bridging (DCB)....................................................................................... 214
Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging............................................................................................................214
Priority-Based Flow Control......................................................................................................................................215
Enhanced Transmission Selection............................................................................................................................. 215
Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx)..................................................................................................... 216
Data Center Bridging in a Trac Flow....................................................................................................................... 217
Enabling Data Center Bridging........................................................................................................................................ 217
QoS dot1p Trac Classication and Queue Assignment..................................................................................................218
Conguring Priority-Based Flow Control.........................................................................................................................219
Conguring Lossless Queues....................................................................................................................................220
Conguring the PFC Buer in a Switch Stack..........................................................................................................220
Congure Enhanced Transmission Selection................................................................................................................... 221
ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions........................................................................................................................... 221
8
Creating an ETS Priority Group................................................................................................................................ 222
ETS Operation with DCBx........................................................................................................................................223
Conguring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN...................................................................................................... 223
Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack........................................................................................................................ 224
Applying DCB Policies with an ETS Conguration.......................................................................................................... 224
Congure a DCBx Operation.......................................................................................................................................... 225
DCBx Operation....................................................................................................................................................... 225
DCBx Port Roles...................................................................................................................................................... 225
DCB Conguration Exchange................................................................................................................................... 227
Conguration Source Election.................................................................................................................................. 227
Propagation of DCB Information.............................................................................................................................. 228
Auto-Detection and Manual Conguration of the DCBx Version.............................................................................. 228
DCBx Example......................................................................................................................................................... 228
DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions........................................................................................................................ 229
Conguring DCBx.................................................................................................................................................... 229
Verifying the DCB Conguration.................................................................................................................................... 233
PFC and ETS Conguration Examples............................................................................................................................ 241
Using PFC and ETS to Manage Data Center Trac.................................................................................................. 241
Using PFC and ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac in a Switch Stack........................................................ 244
Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies........................................................................................................ 245
Conguring DCB Maps and its Attributes.......................................................................................................................245
DCB Map: Conguration Procedure......................................................................................................................... 245
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................ 246
Applying a DCB Map on a Port.................................................................................................................................246
Conguring PFC without a DCB Map.......................................................................................................................247
Conguring Lossless Queues....................................................................................................................................247
Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buer Method........................................................................................... 248
Pause and Resume of Trac....................................................................................................................................248
Buer Sizes for Lossless or PFC Packets.................................................................................................................249
Interworking of DCB Map With DCB Buer Threshold Settings.....................................................................................249
Conguring the Dynamic Buer Method........................................................................................................................250
13 Debugging and Diagnostics........................................................................................252
Oine Diagnostics......................................................................................................................................................... 252
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................ 252
Running Oine Diagnostics......................................................................................................................................252
Trace Logs..................................................................................................................................................................... 255
Auto Save on Crash or Rollover................................................................................................................................255
Using the Show Hardware Commands...........................................................................................................................255
Enabling Environmental Monitoring................................................................................................................................ 256
Recognize an Over-Temperature Condition.............................................................................................................. 258
Troubleshoot an Over-Temperature Condition.......................................................................................................... 258
Recognize an Under-Voltage Condition....................................................................................................................259
Troubleshoot an Under-Voltage Condition................................................................................................................259
Buer Tuning................................................................................................................................................................. 259
Deciding to Tune Buers...........................................................................................................................................261
9
Using a Pre-Dened Buer Prole........................................................................................................................... 263
Sample Buer Prole Conguration......................................................................................................................... 264
Troubleshooting Packet Loss..........................................................................................................................................264
Displaying Drop Counters......................................................................................................................................... 264
Dataplane Statistics................................................................................................................................................. 266
Display Stack Port Statistics.....................................................................................................................................267
Display Stack Member Counters.............................................................................................................................. 267
Enabling Application Core Dumps................................................................................................................................... 267
Mini Core Dumps............................................................................................................................................................268
Enabling TCP Dumps..................................................................................................................................................... 269
14 Dynamic Host Conguration Protocol (DHCP)...........................................................270
DHCP Packet Format and Options.................................................................................................................................270
Assign an IP Address using DHCP............................................................................................................................ 272
Implementation Information............................................................................................................................................272
Congure the System to be a DHCP Server...................................................................................................................273
Conguring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation......................................................................................... 273
Conguration Tasks.................................................................................................................................................. 274
Specifying a Default Gateway...................................................................................................................................275
Enabling the DHCP Server....................................................................................................................................... 275
Congure a Method of Hostname Resolution...........................................................................................................275
Creating Manual Binding Entries...............................................................................................................................276
Debugging the DHCP Server....................................................................................................................................277
Using DHCP Clear Commands................................................................................................................................. 277
Congure the System to be a Relay Agent..................................................................................................................... 277
Congure the System to be a DHCP Client....................................................................................................................279
Conguring the DHCP Client System.......................................................................................................................279
DHCP Client on a Management Interface................................................................................................................ 282
DHCP Client Operation with Other Features............................................................................................................283
Congure Secure DHCP.................................................................................................................................................284
Option 82.................................................................................................................................................................284
DHCP Snooping....................................................................................................................................................... 284
Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only......................................................................................................... 287
Dynamic ARP Inspection..........................................................................................................................................288
Conguring Dynamic ARP Inspection.......................................................................................................................289
Source Address Validation........................................................................................................................................290
15 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)................................................................................. 292
ECMP for Flow-Based Anity....................................................................................................................................... 292
Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop...................................................................................................................292
Link Bundle Monitoring...................................................................................................................................................292
Managing ECMP Group Paths....................................................................................................................................... 293
16 FC FLEXIO FPORT.................................................................................................... 294
FC FLEXIO FPORT........................................................................................................................................................ 294
Conguring Switch Mode to FCF Port Mode.................................................................................................................294
10
Name Server..................................................................................................................................................................295
FCoE Maps....................................................................................................................................................................295
Creating an FCoE Map...................................................................................................................................................296
Zoning............................................................................................................................................................................ 297
Creating Zone and Adding Members.............................................................................................................................. 297
Creating Zone Alias and Adding Members......................................................................................................................298
Creating Zonesets..........................................................................................................................................................298
Activating a Zoneset...................................................................................................................................................... 298
Displaying the Fabric Parameters................................................................................................................................... 299
17 FCoE Transit.............................................................................................................. 302
Fibre Channel over Ethernet.......................................................................................................................................... 302
Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network...................................................................................................302
FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges................................................................................................................................. 303
FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack..................................................................................................................................... 305
Using FIP Snooping........................................................................................................................................................305
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................305
Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature...........................................................................................................................305
Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs............................................................................................................................... 306
Congure the FC-MAP Value...................................................................................................................................306
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link............................................................................................................306
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link............................................................................................................... 306
Impact on Other Software Features.........................................................................................................................306
FIP Snooping Prerequisites.......................................................................................................................................307
FIP Snooping Restrictions........................................................................................................................................ 307
Conguring FIP Snooping.........................................................................................................................................307
Displaying FIP Snooping Information.............................................................................................................................. 308
FCoE Transit Conguration Example...............................................................................................................................313
18 FIPS Cryptography.....................................................................................................316
Preparing the System..................................................................................................................................................... 316
Enabling FIPS Mode........................................................................................................................................................316
Generating Host-Keys.....................................................................................................................................................317
Monitoring FIPS Mode Status.........................................................................................................................................317
Disabling FIPS Mode....................................................................................................................................................... 318
19 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)..................................................................... 319
Protocol Overview.......................................................................................................................................................... 319
Ring Status.............................................................................................................................................................. 320
Multiple FRRP Rings................................................................................................................................................. 321
Important FRRP Points............................................................................................................................................ 322
Important FRRP Concepts....................................................................................................................................... 323
Implementing FRRP....................................................................................................................................................... 324
FRRP Conguration....................................................................................................................................................... 324
Creating the FRRP Group........................................................................................................................................ 324
Conguring the Control VLAN..................................................................................................................................324
11
Conguring and Adding the Member VLANs........................................................................................................... 326
Setting the FRRP Timers..........................................................................................................................................327
Clearing the FRRP Counters.................................................................................................................................... 327
Viewing the FRRP Conguration.............................................................................................................................. 327
Viewing the FRRP Information................................................................................................................................. 327
Troubleshooting FRRP....................................................................................................................................................328
Conguration Checks...............................................................................................................................................328
Sample Conguration and Topology............................................................................................................................... 328
20 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)............................................................... 331
Important Points to Remember.......................................................................................................................................331
Congure GVRP............................................................................................................................................................. 331
Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 332
Enabling GVRP Globally..................................................................................................................................................332
Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface............................................................................................................................333
Congure GVRP Registration.........................................................................................................................................333
Congure a GARP Timer................................................................................................................................................334
21 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)...........................................................335
IGMP Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................................... 335
IGMP Version 2........................................................................................................................................................335
IGMP Version 3........................................................................................................................................................336
IGMP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................................339
IGMP Snooping Implementation Information............................................................................................................339
Conguring IGMP Snooping.....................................................................................................................................340
Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave............................................................................................................................. 340
Disabling Multicast Flooding......................................................................................................................................341
Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router..............................................................................................341
Conguring the Switch as Querier............................................................................................................................ 341
Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes..........................................................................................................341
Designating a Multicast Router Interface....................................................................................................................... 342
22 Interfaces..................................................................................................................343
Basic Interface Conguration......................................................................................................................................... 343
Advanced Interface Conguration..................................................................................................................................343
Interface Types...............................................................................................................................................................343
View Basic Interface Information....................................................................................................................................344
Enabling a Physical Interface..........................................................................................................................................346
Physical Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................... 346
Conguration Task List for Physical Interfaces......................................................................................................... 346
Overview of Layer Modes........................................................................................................................................ 346
Conguring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode......................................................................................................................347
Conguring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode...................................................................................................................... 347
Conguring Layer 3 (Network) Mode...................................................................................................................... 348
Conguring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode...................................................................................................................... 348
Management Interfaces................................................................................................................................................. 349
12
Conguring Management Interfaces on the MXL Switch.........................................................................................349
VLAN Interfaces............................................................................................................................................................. 351
Loopback Interfaces........................................................................................................................................................351
Null Interfaces................................................................................................................................................................352
Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................................................. 352
Port Channel Denition and Standards.....................................................................................................................352
Port Channel Benets.............................................................................................................................................. 352
Port Channel Implementation...................................................................................................................................353
100/1000/10000 Mbps Interfaces in Port Channels.................................................................................................353
Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces...................................................................................................... 353
Creating a Port Channel...........................................................................................................................................354
Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel..........................................................................................................354
Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel..................................................................................................... 356
Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel......................................................................................356
Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN................................................................................................... 357
Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel............................................................................................................... 357
Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel.........................................................................................................................357
Server Ports...................................................................................................................................................................358
Default Conguration without Start-up Cong.........................................................................................................358
Bulk Conguration..........................................................................................................................................................358
Interface Range....................................................................................................................................................... 358
Bulk Conguration Examples....................................................................................................................................359
Dening Interface Range Macros...................................................................................................................................360
Dene the Interface Range...................................................................................................................................... 360
Choosing an Interface-Range Macro........................................................................................................................360
Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces............................................................................................................................ 361
Maintenance Using TDR.......................................................................................................................................... 362
Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports...............................................................................................................................362
Merging SFP+ Ports to QSFP 40G Ports.................................................................................................................363
Congure the MTU Size on an Interface..................................................................................................................363
Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port......................................................................................... 364
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................ 364
Support for LM4 Optics...........................................................................................................................................365
Example Scenarios...................................................................................................................................................365
Layer 2 Flow Control Using Ethernet Pause Frames.......................................................................................................370
Enabling Pause Frames.............................................................................................................................................370
Congure MTU Size on an Interface............................................................................................................................... 371
Port-Pipes...................................................................................................................................................................... 372
Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces........................................................................................................................372
Setting the Speed and Duplex Mode of Ethernet Interfaces.................................................................................... 372
View Advanced Interface Information............................................................................................................................. 374
Conguring the Interface Sampling Size...................................................................................................................375
Dynamic Counters.................................................................................................................................................... 376
Enhanced Validation of Interface Ranges........................................................................................................................377
Enhanced Control of Remote Fault Indication Processing...............................................................................................377
13
23 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)............................................................................ 378
Conguring IPSec ..........................................................................................................................................................378
24 IPv4 Routing............................................................................................................. 380
IP Addresses.................................................................................................................................................................. 380
Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................380
Conguration Tasks for IP Addresses....................................................................................................................... 380
IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview..............................................................................................................................383
Using the Congured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages......................................................................................... 384
Conguring the ICMP Source Interface................................................................................................................... 384
Conguring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection............................................................................................... 384
Enabling Directed Broadcast.......................................................................................................................................... 385
Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................................................. 385
Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names...........................................................................................................385
Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains.....................................................................................386
Conguring DNS with Traceroute.............................................................................................................................386
ARP................................................................................................................................................................................387
Conguration Tasks for ARP.....................................................................................................................................387
ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP...................................................................................................................................388
ARP Learning via ARP Request......................................................................................................................................389
Conguring ARP Retries................................................................................................................................................ 389
ICMP............................................................................................................................................................................. 390
Conguration Tasks for ICMP.................................................................................................................................. 390
UDP Helper....................................................................................................................................................................390
Congure UDP Helper..............................................................................................................................................390
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................391
Enabling UDP Helper.................................................................................................................................................391
Congurations Using UDP Helper................................................................................................................................... 391
UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses................................................................................................................391
UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses........................................................................................................ 392
UDP Helper with Congured Broadcast Addresses..................................................................................................393
UDP Helper with No Congured Broadcast Addresses............................................................................................ 393
Troubleshooting UDP Helper.......................................................................................................................................... 393
25 IPv6 Addressing........................................................................................................ 395
Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 395
Extended Address Space......................................................................................................................................... 395
Stateless Autoconguration..................................................................................................................................... 395
IPv6 Header Fields.........................................................................................................................................................396
Version (4 bits)......................................................................................................................................................... 397
Trac Class (8 bits)..................................................................................................................................................397
Flow Label (20 bits)..................................................................................................................................................397
Payload Length (16 bits)...........................................................................................................................................397
Next Header (8 bits)................................................................................................................................................ 397
Hop Limit (8 bits).....................................................................................................................................................398
14
Source Address (128 bits)........................................................................................................................................ 398
Destination Address (128 bits)..................................................................................................................................398
Extension Header Fields.................................................................................................................................................398
Hop-by-Hop Options Header................................................................................................................................... 398
Addressing..................................................................................................................................................................... 399
Link-local Addresses.................................................................................................................................................399
Static and Dynamic Addressing................................................................................................................................399
Implementing IPv6 with the Dell Networking OS........................................................................................................... 400
ICMPv6..........................................................................................................................................................................402
Path MTU Discovery......................................................................................................................................................402
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery................................................................................................................................................403
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets............................................................................................................... 403
Conguring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server............................................................................................................ 403
Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host ............................................................................................404
Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information.........................................................................................................................405
IPv6 Multicast................................................................................................................................................................ 407
Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport................................................................................................................... 407
Conguration Task List for IPv6......................................................................................................................................407
Adjusting Your CAM-Prole......................................................................................................................................408
Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface............................................................................................................... 408
Assigning a Static IPv6 Route.................................................................................................................................. 409
Conguring Telnet with IPv6....................................................................................................................................409
SNMP over IPv6.......................................................................................................................................................410
Showing IPv6 Information.........................................................................................................................................410
Showing an IPv6 Interface........................................................................................................................................410
Showing IPv6 Routes................................................................................................................................................ 411
Showing the Running-Conguration for an Interface................................................................................................ 412
Clearing IPv6 Routes................................................................................................................................................ 412
26 iSCSI Optimization.....................................................................................................414
iSCSI Optimization Overview.......................................................................................................................................... 414
Monitoring iSCSI Trac Flows..................................................................................................................................415
Information Monitored in iSCSI Trac Flows.............................................................................................................415
Detection and Auto-Conguration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays....................................................................................416
Conguring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays..................................................................................... 416
iSCSI Optimization: Operation...................................................................................................................................416
Default iSCSI Optimization Values.............................................................................................................................417
Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information.......................................................................................................................417
27 Intermediate System to Intermediate System.............................................................419
IS-IS Protocol Overview..................................................................................................................................................419
IS-IS Addressing..............................................................................................................................................................419
Multi-Topology IS-IS....................................................................................................................................................... 420
Transition Mode....................................................................................................................................................... 420
Interface Support.....................................................................................................................................................420
Adjacencies..............................................................................................................................................................420
15
Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................................. 421
Timers.......................................................................................................................................................................421
Implementation Information............................................................................................................................................ 421
Conguration Information...............................................................................................................................................422
Conguration Tasks for IS-IS....................................................................................................................................422
IS-IS Metric Styles......................................................................................................................................................... 436
Congure Metric Values.................................................................................................................................................436
Maximum Values in the Routing Table...................................................................................................................... 437
Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only......................................................................................................437
Leaks from One Level to Another.............................................................................................................................438
Sample Congurations................................................................................................................................................... 439
28 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)................................................................ 444
Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP.......................................................................................................................444
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................ 444
LACP Modes............................................................................................................................................................445
Conguring LACP Commands................................................................................................................................. 445
LACP Conguration Tasks..............................................................................................................................................446
Creating a LAG.........................................................................................................................................................446
Conguring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic.............................................................................................................446
Setting the LACP Long Timeout...............................................................................................................................447
Shared LAG State Tracking............................................................................................................................................ 448
Conguring Shared LAG State Tracking......................................................................................................................... 448
Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking................................................................................................. 449
LACP Basic Conguration Example................................................................................................................................450
Congure a LAG on ALPHA..................................................................................................................................... 450
29 Layer 2......................................................................................................................458
Manage the MAC Address Table....................................................................................................................................458
Clearing the MAC Address Table..............................................................................................................................458
Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries.............................................................................................................458
Conguring a Static MAC Address...........................................................................................................................459
Displaying the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................... 459
MAC Learning Limit........................................................................................................................................................459
Setting the MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................... 460
mac learning-limit Dynamic...................................................................................................................................... 460
mac learning-limit station-move............................................................................................................................... 460
Learning Limit Violation Actions................................................................................................................................460
Setting Station Move Violation Actions....................................................................................................................460
Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations....................................................................................461
NIC Teaming................................................................................................................................................................... 461
MAC Move Optimization..........................................................................................................................................463
30 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP).......................................................................464
802.1AB (LLDP) Overview............................................................................................................................................. 464
Protocol Data Units..................................................................................................................................................464
16
Optional TLVs.................................................................................................................................................................465
Management TLVs...................................................................................................................................................465
TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview....................................................................................................................................467
TIA Organizationally Specic TLVs............................................................................................................................467
Extended Power via MDI TLV...................................................................................................................................470
Congure LLDP.............................................................................................................................................................. 471
Related Conguration Tasks......................................................................................................................................471
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................471
LLDP Compatibility................................................................................................................................................... 471
CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Congurations....................................................................................................471
Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................................................472
Disabling and Undoing LLDP.....................................................................................................................................472
Advertising TLVs............................................................................................................................................................ 472
Viewing the LLDP Conguration.................................................................................................................................... 473
Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents............................................................................................. 474
Conguring LLDPDU Intervals........................................................................................................................................475
Conguring Transmit and Receive Mode........................................................................................................................476
Conguring a Time to Live..............................................................................................................................................477
Debugging LLDP............................................................................................................................................................ 477
Relevant Management Objects...................................................................................................................................... 478
31 Microsoft Network Load Balancing............................................................................ 483
NLB Unicast Mode Scenario.......................................................................................................................................... 483
NLB Multicast Mode Scenario....................................................................................................................................... 483
Limitations With Enabling NLB on Switches...................................................................................................................484
Benets and Working of Microsoft Clustering................................................................................................................484
Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding ................................................................................................................................484
Conguring a Switch for NLB ........................................................................................................................................484
................................................................................................................................................................................ 485
32 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP).......................................................... 486
Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 486
Anycast RP.................................................................................................................................................................... 488
Implementation Information............................................................................................................................................488
Congure the Multicast Source Discovery Protocol....................................................................................................... 488
Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 489
Enabling MSDP.............................................................................................................................................................. 493
Manage the Source-Active Cache................................................................................................................................. 494
Viewing the Source-Active Cache............................................................................................................................494
Limiting the Source-Active Cache............................................................................................................................494
Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................... 495
Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache............................................................................................................495
Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check.............................................................................................495
Specifying Source-Active Messages.............................................................................................................................. 499
Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer........................................................................................................ 500
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source............................................................................................................500
17
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source.........................................................................................................501
Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source........................................................................................................ 501
Logging Changes in Peership States.............................................................................................................................. 502
Terminating a Peership...................................................................................................................................................502
Clearing Peer Statistics..................................................................................................................................................503
Debugging MSDP.......................................................................................................................................................... 503
MSDP with Anycast RP.................................................................................................................................................504
Conguring Anycast RP.................................................................................................................................................505
Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding............................................................................................................. 506
Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages....................................................................................................506
MSDP Sample Congurations........................................................................................................................................508
33 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)................................................................... 511
Protocol Overview........................................................................................................................................................... 511
Spanning Tree Variations.................................................................................................................................................512
Implementation Information............................................................................................................................................ 512
Congure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol..................................................................................................................... 512
Related Conguration Tasks......................................................................................................................................512
Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally........................................................................................................................... 513
Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances......................................................................................................................513
Inuencing MSTP Root Selection....................................................................................................................................514
Interoperate with Non-Dell Networking OS Bridges........................................................................................................515
Changing the Region Name or Revision..........................................................................................................................515
Modifying Global Parameters.......................................................................................................................................... 515
Enable BPDU Filtering Globally........................................................................................................................................517
Modifying the Interface Parameters................................................................................................................................517
Conguring an EdgePort.................................................................................................................................................518
Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change..............................................................................................................519
MSTP Sample Congurations.........................................................................................................................................519
Router 1 Running-CongurationRouter 2 Running-CongurationRouter 3 Running-CongurationSFTOS
Example Running-Conguration................................................................................................................................519
Debugging and Verifying MSTP Congurations..............................................................................................................522
34 Multicast Features.................................................................................................... 525
Enabling IP Multicast......................................................................................................................................................525
Multicast with ECMP.....................................................................................................................................................525
Implementation Information............................................................................................................................................526
First Packet Forwarding for Lossless Multicast...............................................................................................................527
Multicast Policies............................................................................................................................................................527
IPv4 Multicast Policies....................................................................................................................................................527
Limiting the Number of Multicast Routes.................................................................................................................527
Preventing a Host from Joining a Group...................................................................................................................528
Rate Limiting IGMP Join Requests...........................................................................................................................530
Preventing a PIM Router from Forming an Adjacency...............................................................................................531
Preventing a Source from Registering with the RP...................................................................................................531
Preventing a PIM Router from Processing a Join..................................................................................................... 533
18
35 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3)..................................................... 535
Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 535
Autonomous System (AS) Areas..............................................................................................................................535
Area Types............................................................................................................................................................... 536
Networks and Neighbors..........................................................................................................................................537
Router Types............................................................................................................................................................537
Link-State Advertisements (LSAs)...........................................................................................................................539
Router Priority and Cost.......................................................................................................................................... 540
OSPF with the Dell Networking OS................................................................................................................................ 541
Graceful Restart.......................................................................................................................................................542
Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only)..................................................................................................................543
Multi-Process OSPFv2 (IPv4 only).......................................................................................................................... 543
RFC-2328 Compliant OSPF Flooding....................................................................................................................... 543
OSPF ACK Packing..................................................................................................................................................544
Setting OSPF Adjacency with Cisco Routers........................................................................................................... 544
Conguration Information.............................................................................................................................................. 545
Conguration Task List for OSPFv2 (OSPF for IPv4)...............................................................................................545
Troubleshooting OSPFv2..........................................................................................................................................557
Conguration Task List for OSPFv3 (OSPF for IPv6).....................................................................................................560
Enabling IPv6 Unicast Routing.................................................................................................................................560
Assigning IPv6 Addresses on an Interface................................................................................................................560
Assigning Area ID on an Interface............................................................................................................................. 561
Assigning OSPFv3 Process ID and Router ID Globally...............................................................................................561
Conguring Stub Areas.............................................................................................................................................561
Conguring Passive-Interface.................................................................................................................................. 562
Redistributing Routes...............................................................................................................................................562
Conguring a Default Route.....................................................................................................................................562
Enabling OSPFv3 Graceful Restart.......................................................................................................................... 563
Displaying Graceful Restart......................................................................................................................................564
OSPFv3 Authentication Using IPsec........................................................................................................................565
36 Policy-based Routing (PBR)......................................................................................573
Overview........................................................................................................................................................................573
Implementing Policy-based Routing with Dell Networking OS........................................................................................ 574
Conguration Task List for Policy-based Routing............................................................................................................575
PBR Exceptions (Permit)......................................................................................................................................... 577
Sample Conguration.....................................................................................................................................................579
Create the Redirect-List GOLDAssign Redirect-List GOLD to Interface 2/11View Redirect-List GOLD....................580
37 PIM Sparse-Mode (PIM-SM)....................................................................................584
Implementation Information............................................................................................................................................584
Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 584
Requesting Multicast Trac.....................................................................................................................................584
Refuse Multicast Trac........................................................................................................................................... 585
Send Multicast Trac.............................................................................................................................................. 585
19
Conguring PIM-SM......................................................................................................................................................585
Related Conguration Tasks.....................................................................................................................................586
Enable PIM-SM..............................................................................................................................................................586
Conguring S,G Expiry Timers........................................................................................................................................587
Conguring a Static Rendezvous Point..........................................................................................................................588
Overriding Bootstrap Router Updates......................................................................................................................588
Conguring a Designated Router................................................................................................................................... 589
Creating Multicast Boundaries and Domains.................................................................................................................. 589
Enabling PIM-SM Graceful Restart................................................................................................................................589
38 PIM Source-Specic Mode (PIM-SSM)................................................................... 590
Congure PIM-SMM..................................................................................................................................................... 590
Related Conguration Tasks.....................................................................................................................................590
Implementation Information........................................................................................................................................... 590
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................590
Enabling PIM-SSM......................................................................................................................................................... 591
Use PIM-SSM with IGMP Version 2 Hosts..................................................................................................................... 591
Conguring PIM-SSM with IGMPv2.........................................................................................................................591
39 Port Monitoring.........................................................................................................593
Important Points to Remember......................................................................................................................................593
Conguring Port Monitoring...........................................................................................................................................594
Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring....................................................................................................................................595
Remote Port Mirroring................................................................................................................................................... 596
Remote Port Mirroring Example...............................................................................................................................596
Conguring Remote Port Mirroring.......................................................................................................................... 597
Displaying Remote-Port Mirroring Congurations.................................................................................................... 598
Conguring the Sample Remote Port Mirroring....................................................................................................... 599
Conguring the Encapsulated Remote Port Mirroring....................................................................................................602
Conguration steps for ERPM ................................................................................................................................ 602
ERPM Behavior on a typical Dell Networking OS .......................................................................................................... 603
Decapsulation of ERPM packets at the Destination IP/ Analyzer............................................................................. 603
40 Private VLANs (PVLAN)........................................................................................... 605
Private VLAN Concepts.................................................................................................................................................605
Using the Private VLAN Commands........................................................................................................................ 606
Conguration Task List.............................................................................................................................................607
Private VLAN Conguration Example....................................................................................................................... 610
41 Per-VLAN Spanning Tree Plus (PVST+)...................................................................... 614
Protocol Overview.......................................................................................................................................................... 614
Implementation Information...................................................................................................................................... 615
Congure Per-VLAN Spanning Tree Plus........................................................................................................................ 615
Related Conguration Tasks......................................................................................................................................615
Enabling PVST+..............................................................................................................................................................615
Disabling PVST+............................................................................................................................................................. 615
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