ZyXEL 35 SERIES User manual

ZyWALL 5/35/70 Series

Internet Security Appliance

User’s Guide

Version 4.00

12/2005

ZyWALL 5/35/70 Series User’s Guide

Copyright 2

Copyright

The contents of this publication may not be reproduced in any part or as a whole, transcribed,

stored in a retrieval system, translated into any language, or transmitted in any form or by any

means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, photocopying, manual, or

otherwise, without the prior written permission of ZyXEL Communications Corporation.

Disclaimer

ZyXEL does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any products, or

software described herein. Neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor the

patent rights of others. ZyXEL further reserves the right to make changes in any products

described herein without notice. This publication is subject to change without notice.

Trademarks

ZyNOS (ZyXEL Network Operating System) is a registered trademark of ZyXEL

Communications, Inc. Other trademarks mentioned in this publication are used for

identification purposes only and may be properties of their respective owners.

ZyWALL 5/35/70 Series User’s Guide

3 Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Interference Statement

Federal Communications

Commission (FCC) Interference

Statement

This device complies with Part 15 of FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two

conditions:

• This device may not cause harmful interference.

• This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause

undesired operations.

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital

device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable

protection against harmful interference in a commercial environment. This equipment

generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy, and if not installed and used in

accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications.

If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio/television reception, which can be

determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the

interference by one or more of the following measures:

• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.

• Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver.

• Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver

is connected.

• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.

Notice 1

Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance

could void the user's authority to operate the equipment.

This Class B digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES-003.

Cet appareil numérique de la classe B est conforme à la norme NMB-003 du Canada.

Certifications

1 Go to www.zyxel.com.

2 Select your product from the drop-down list box on the ZyXEL home page to go to that

product's page.

3 Select the certification you wish to view from this page.

ZyWALL 5/35/70 Series User’s Guide

Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Interference Statement 4

ZyWALL 5/35/70 Series User’s Guide

5 Safety Warnings

Safety Warnings

For your safety, be sure to read and follow all warning notices and instructions.

• Do NOT open the device or unit. Opening or removing covers can expose you to

dangerous high voltage points or other risks. ONLY qualified service personnel can

service the device. Please contact your vendor for further information.

• Connect the power cord to the right supply voltage (110V AC in North America or 230V

AC in Europe).

• Place connecting cables carefully so that no one will step on them or stumble over them.

Do NOT allow anything to rest on the power cord and do NOT locate the product where

anyone can walk on the power cord.

• If you wall mount your device, make sure that no electrical, gas or water pipes will be

damaged.

• Do NOT install nor use your device during a thunderstorm. There may be a remote risk of

electric shock from lightning.

• Do NOT expose your device to dampness, dust or corrosive liquids.

• Do NOT use this product near water, for example, in a wet basement or near a swimming

pool.

• Make sure to connect the cables to the correct ports.

• Do NOT obstruct the device ventilation slots, as insufficient airflow may harm your

device.

• Do NOT store things on the device.

• Connect ONLY suitable accessories to the device.

ZyWALL 5/35/70 Series User’s Guide

ZyXEL Limited Warranty 6

ZyXEL Limited Warranty

ZyXEL warrants to the original end user (purchaser) that this product is free from any defects

in materials or workmanship for a period of up to two years from the date of purchase. During

the warranty period, and upon proof of purchase, should the product have indications of failure

due to faulty workmanship and/or materials, ZyXEL will, at its discretion, repair or replace the

defective products or components without charge for either parts or labor, and to whatever

extent it shall deem necessary to restore the product or components to proper operating

condition. Any replacement will consist of a new or re-manufactured functionally equivalent

product of equal value, and will be solely at the discretion of ZyXEL. This warranty shall not

apply if the product is modified, misused, tampered with, damaged by an act of God, or

subjected to abnormal working conditions.

Note

Repair or replacement, as provided under this warranty, is the exclusive remedy of the

purchaser. This warranty is in lieu of all other warranties, express or implied, including any

implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular use or purpose. ZyXEL shall in

no event be held liable for indirect or consequential damages of any kind of character to the

purchaser.

To obtain the services of this warranty, contact ZyXEL's Service Center for your Return

Material Authorization number (RMA). Products must be returned Postage Prepaid. It is

recommended that the unit be insured when shipped. Any returned products without proof of

purchase or those with an out-dated warranty will be repaired or replaced (at the discretion of

ZyXEL) and the customer will be billed for parts and labor. All repaired or replaced products

will be shipped by ZyXEL to the corresponding return address, Postage Paid. This warranty

gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other rights that vary from country to

country.

ZyWALL 5/35/70 Series User’s Guide

7 Customer Support

Customer Support

Please have the following information ready when you contact customer support.

• Product model and serial number.

• Warranty Information.

• Date that you received your device.

• Brief description of the problem and the steps you took to solve it.

METHOD

LOCATION

SUPPORT E-MAIL TELEPHONE

A

WEB SITE

REGULAR MAIL

SALES E-MAIL FAX FTP SITE

CORPORATE

HEADQUARTERS

(WORLDWIDE)

[email protected] +886-3-578-3942 www.zyxel.com

www.europe.zyxel.com

ZyXEL Communications Corp.

6 Innovation Road II

Science Park

Hsinchu 300

Taiwan

[email protected] +886-3-578-2439 ftp.zyxel.com

ftp.europe.zyxel.com

CZECH REPUBLIC

[email protected]om +420-241-091-350 www.zyxel.cz ZyXEL Communications

Czech s.r.o.

Modranská 621

143 01 Praha 4 - Modrany

Ceská Republika

[email protected]om +420-241-091-359

DENMARK

[email protected] +45-39-55-07-00 www.zyxel.dk ZyXEL Communications A/S

Columbusvej

2860 Soeborg

Denmark

[email protected] +45-39-55-07-07

FINLAND

[email protected] +358-9-4780-8411 www.zyxel.fi ZyXEL Communications Oy

Malminkaari 10

00700 Helsinki

Finland

[email protected] +358-9-4780 8448

FRANCE

[email protected] +33-4-72-52-97-97 www.zyxel.fr ZyXEL France

1 rue des Vergers

Bat. 1 / C

69760 Limonest

France

+33-4-72-52-19-20

GERMANY

[email protected] +49-2405-6909-0 www.zyxel.de ZyXEL Deutschland GmbH.

Adenauerstr. 20/A2 D-52146

Wuerselen

Germany

[email protected] +49-2405-6909-99

HUNGARY

[email protected] +36-1-3361649 www.zyxel.hu ZyXEL Hungary

48, Zoldlomb Str.

H-1025, Budapest

Hungary

[email protected] +36-1-3259100

KAZAKHSTAN

http://zyxel.kz/support +7-3272-590-698 www.zyxel.kz ZyXEL Kazakhstan

43, Dostyk ave.,Office 414

Dostyk Business Centre

050010, Almaty

Republic of Kazakhstan

[email protected] +7-3272-590-689

NORTH AMERICA

[email protected] 1-800-255-4101

+1-714-632-0882

www.us.zyxel.com ZyXEL Communications Inc.

1130 N. Miller St.

Anaheim

CA 92806-2001

U.S.A.

[email protected] +1-714-632-0858 ftp.us.zyxel.com

NORWAY

[email protected] +47-22-80-61-80 www.zyxel.no ZyXEL Communications A/S

Nils Hansens vei 13

0667 Oslo

Norway

[email protected] +47-22-80-61-81

ZyWALL 5/35/70 Series User’s Guide

Customer Support 8

POLAND

[email protected] +48-22-5286603 www.pl.zyxel.com ZyXEL Communications

ul.Emilli Plater 53

00-113 Warszawa

Poland

+48-22-5206701

RUSSIA

http://zyxel.ru/support +7-095-542-89-29 www.zyxel.ru ZyXEL Russia

Ostrovityanova 37a Str.

Moscow, 117279

Russia

[email protected] +7-095-542-89-25

SPAIN

[email protected] +34-902-195-420 www.zyxel.es ZyXEL Communications

Alejandro Villegas 33

1º, 28043 Madrid

Spain

[email protected] +34-913-005-345

SWEDEN

[email protected] +46-31-744-7700 www.zyxel.se ZyXEL Communications A/S

Sjöporten 4, 41764 Göteborg

Sweden

[email protected] +46-31-744-7701

UKRAINE

[email protected] +380-44-247-69-78 www.ua.zyxel.com ZyXEL Ukraine

13, Pimonenko Str.

Kiev, 04050

Ukraine

[email protected] +380-44-494-49-32

UNITED KINGDOM

[email protected] +44-1344 303044

08707 555779 (UK only)

www.zyxel.co.uk ZyXEL Communications UK

Ltd.,11 The Courtyard,

Eastern Road, Bracknell,

Berkshire, RG12 2XB,

United Kingdom (UK)

[email protected] +44-1344 303034 ftp.zyxel.co.uk

a. “+” is the (prefix) number you enter to make an international telephone call.

METHOD

LOCATION

SUPPORT E-MAIL TELEPHONE

A

WEB SITE

REGULAR MAIL

SALES E-MAIL FAX FTP SITE

ZyWALL 5/35/70 Series User’s Guide

9 Customer Support

ZyWALL 5/35/70 Series User’s Guide

Table of Contents 10

Table of Contents

Copyright .................................................................................................................. 2

Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Interference Statement ............... 3

Safety Warnings ....................................................................................................... 5

ZyXEL Limited Warranty.......................................................................................... 6

Customer Support.................................................................................................... 7

Table of Contents ................................................................................................... 10

List of Figures ........................................................................................................ 32

List of Tables .......................................................................................................... 44

Preface .................................................................................................................... 52

Chapter 1

Getting to Know Your ZyWALL ............................................................................. 54

1.1 ZyWALL Internet Security Appliance Overview ..................................................54

1.2 ZyWALL Features ..............................................................................................54

1.2.1 Physical Features .....................................................................................55

1.2.2 Non-Physical Features .............................................................................56

1.3 Applications for the ZyWALL ..............................................................................62

1.3.1 Secure Broadband Internet Access via Cable or DSL Modem .................62

1.3.2 VPN Application ........................................................................................62

1.3.3 Front Panel LEDs .....................................................................................63

Chapter 2

Introducing the Web Configurator........................................................................ 66

2.1 Web Configurator Overview ...............................................................................66

2.2 Accessing the ZyWALL Web Configurator .........................................................66

2.3 Resetting the ZyWALL .......................................................................................67

2.3.1 Procedure To Use The Reset Button ........................................................68

2.3.2 Uploading a Configuration File Via Console Port .....................................68

2.4 Navigating the ZyWALL Web Configurator ........................................................68

2.4.1 Router Mode ..............................................................................................69

2.4.2 Bridge Mode ..............................................................................................71

2.4.3 Navigation Panel .......................................................................................74

2.4.4 System Statistics........................................................................................79

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11 Table of Contents

2.4.5 Show Statistics: Line Chart........................................................................80

2.4.6 DHCP Table Screen ..................................................................................81

2.4.7 VPN Status ................................................................................................82

Chapter 3

Wizard Setup .......................................................................................................... 84

3.1 Wizard Setup Overview ......................................................................................84

3.2 Internet Access .................................................................................................84

3.2.1 ISP Parameters ........................................................................................84

3.2.1.1 Ethernet ...........................................................................................84

3.2.1.2 PPPoE Encapsulation .....................................................................86

3.2.1.3 PPTP Encapsulation .......................................................................87

3.2.2 Internet Access Wizard: Second Screen ...................................................89

3.2.3 Internet Access Wizard: Registration.........................................................90

3.3 VPN Wizard Gateway Setting ............................................................................93

3.4 VPN Wizard Network Setting .............................................................................94

3.5 VPN Wizard IKE Tunnel Setting (IKE Phase 1) .................................................96

3.6 VPN Wizard IPSec Setting (IKE Phase 2) .........................................................98

3.7 VPN Wizard Status Summary ............................................................................99

3.8 VPN Wizard Setup Complete ...........................................................................102

Chapter 4

Registration .......................................................................................................... 104

4.1 myZyXEL.com overview ...................................................................................104

4.1.1 Subscription Services Available on the ZyWALL ....................................104

4.2 Registration ......................................................................................................105

4.3 Service .............................................................................................................107

Chapter 5

LAN Screens......................................................................................................... 110

5.1 LAN Overview ..................................................................................................110

5.2 DHCP Setup .....................................................................................................110

5.2.1 IP Pool Setup ..........................................................................................110

5.3 LAN TCP/IP ......................................................................................................110

5.3.1 Factory LAN Defaults ..............................................................................110

5.3.2 IP Address and Subnet Mask ................................................................. 111

5.3.3 RIP Setup ............................................................................................... 111

5.3.4 Multicast .................................................................................................. 112

5.4 DNS Servers ....................................................................................................112

5.5 LAN ..................................................................................................................112

5.6 LAN Static DHCP .............................................................................................115

5.7 LAN IP Alias .....................................................................................................116

5.8 LAN Port Roles ................................................................................................ 118

ZyWALL 5/35/70 Series User’s Guide

Table of Contents 12

Chapter 6

Bridge Screens..................................................................................................... 122

6.1 Bridge Loop ......................................................................................................122

6.2 Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) .........................................................................122

6.2.1 Rapid STP ..............................................................................................123

6.2.2 STP Terminology ....................................................................................123

6.2.3 How STP Works .....................................................................................123

6.2.4 STP Port States ......................................................................................124

6.3 Bridge ...............................................................................................................124

6.4 Bridge Port Roles ............................................................................................126

Chapter 7

WAN Screens........................................................................................................ 130

7.1 WAN Overview .................................................................................................130

7.2 Multiple WAN ....................................................................................................130

7.3 Load Balancing Introduction .............................................................................131

7.4 Load Balancing Algorithms ..............................................................................131

7.4.1 Least Load First ......................................................................................131

7.4.1.1 Example 1 .....................................................................................132

7.4.1.2 Example 2 .....................................................................................132

7.4.2 Weighted Round Robin ...........................................................................133

7.4.3 Spillover ..................................................................................................133

7.5 TCP/IP Priority (Metric) ....................................................................................134

7.6 WAN General ...................................................................................................134

7.7 Configuring Load Balancing .............................................................................137

7.7.1 Least Load First ......................................................................................138

7.7.2 Weighted Round Robin ...........................................................................139

7.7.3 Spillover ..................................................................................................139

7.8 WAN Route ......................................................................................................140

7.9 WAN IP Address Assignment ...........................................................................142

7.10 DNS Server Address Assignment ..................................................................142

7.11 WAN MAC Address ........................................................................................143

7.12 WAN ...............................................................................................................143

7.12.1 WAN Ethernet Encapsulation ...............................................................143

7.12.2 PPPoE Encapsulation ...........................................................................146

7.12.3 PPTP Encapsulation .............................................................................150

7.13 Traffic Redirect ...............................................................................................153

7.14 Configuring Traffic Redirect ............................................................................154

7.15 Configuring Dial Backup .................................................................................155

7.16 Advanced Modem Setup ................................................................................159

7.16.1 AT Command Strings ............................................................................159

7.16.2 DTR Signal ...........................................................................................159

7.16.3 Response Strings ..................................................................................159

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13 Table of Contents

7.17 Configuring Advanced Modem Setup ............................................................159

Chapter 8

DMZ Screens ........................................................................................................ 162

8.1 DMZ .................................................................................................................162

8.2 Configuring DMZ ..............................................................................................162

8.3 DMZ Static DHCP ............................................................................................165

8.4 DMZ IP Alias ....................................................................................................167

8.5 DMZ Public IP Address Example .....................................................................168

8.6 DMZ Private and Public IP Address Example ..................................................169

8.7 DMZ Port Roles ................................................................................................170

Chapter 9

Wireless LAN ........................................................................................................ 174

9.1 Wireless LAN Introduction ................................................................................174

9.1.1 Additional Installation Requirements for Using 802.1x ...........................174

9.2 Configuring WLAN ...........................................................................................174

9.3 WLAN Static DHCP ..........................................................................................177

9.4 WLAN IP Alias ..................................................................................................178

9.5 WLAN Port Roles .............................................................................................180

9.6 Wireless Security .............................................................................................182

9.6.1 Encryption ...............................................................................................183

9.6.2 Authentication .........................................................................................183

9.6.3 Restricted Access ...................................................................................184

9.6.4 Hide ZyWALL Identity .............................................................................184

9.7 Security Parameters Summary ........................................................................184

9.8 WEP Encryption ...............................................................................................184

9.9 802.1x Overview ..............................................................................................185

9.9.1 Introduction to RADIUS ..........................................................................185

9.9.1.1 Types of RADIUS Messages .........................................................185

9.9.2 EAP Authentication Overview .................................................................186

9.10 Dynamic WEP Key Exchange ........................................................................186

9.11 Introduction to WPA ........................................................................................187

9.11.1 User Authentication ...............................................................................187

9.11.2 Encryption .............................................................................................187

9.12 WPA-PSK Application Example .....................................................................188

9.13 Introduction to RADIUS ..................................................................................189

9.14 WPA with RADIUS Application Example ........................................................189

9.15 Wireless Client WPA Supplicants ...................................................................190

9.16 Wireless Card .................................................................................................190

9.16.1 Static WEP ............................................................................................192

9.16.2 WPA-PSK .............................................................................................193

9.16.3 WPA ......................................................................................................195

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Table of Contents 14

9.16.4 IEEE 802.1x + Dynamic WEP ..............................................................196

9.16.5 IEEE 802.1x + Static WEP ....................................................................197

9.16.6 IEEE 802.1x + No WEP ........................................................................198

9.16.7 No Access 802.1x + Static WEP ...........................................................199

9.16.8 No Access 802.1x + No WEP ...............................................................200

9.17 MAC Filter ......................................................................................................200

Chapter 10

Firewalls................................................................................................................ 202

10.1 Firewall Overview ...........................................................................................202

10.2 Types of Firewalls ..........................................................................................202

10.2.1 Packet Filtering Firewalls ......................................................................202

10.2.2 Application-level Firewalls ....................................................................202

10.2.3 Stateful Inspection Firewalls .................................................................203

10.3 Introduction to ZyXEL’s Firewall .....................................................................203

10.4 Denial of Service ............................................................................................204

10.4.1 Basics ...................................................................................................204

10.4.2 Types of DoS Attacks ...........................................................................205

10.4.2.1 ICMP Vulnerability ......................................................................207

10.4.2.2 Illegal Commands (NetBIOS and SMTP) ....................................207

10.4.2.3 Traceroute ...................................................................................208

10.5 Stateful Inspection ..........................................................................................208

10.5.1 Stateful Inspection Process ..................................................................209

10.5.2 Stateful Inspection and the ZyWALL .....................................................210

10.5.3 TCP Security .........................................................................................210

10.5.4 UDP/ICMP Security ..............................................................................211

10.5.5 Upper Layer Protocols ..........................................................................211

10.6 Guidelines For Enhancing Security With Your Firewall ..................................212

10.7 Packet Filtering Vs Firewall ............................................................................212

10.7.1 Packet Filtering: ....................................................................................212

10.7.1.1 When To Use Filtering .................................................................212

10.7.2 Firewall .................................................................................................213

10.7.2.1 When To Use The Firewall ..........................................................213

Chapter 11

Firewall Screens................................................................................................... 214

11.1 Access Methods .............................................................................................214

11.2 Firewall Policies Overview ..............................................................................214

11.3 Rule Logic Overview ......................................................................................216

11.3.1 Rule Checklist .......................................................................................216

11.3.2 Security Ramifications ..........................................................................216

11.3.3 Key Fields For Configuring Rules .........................................................216

11.3.3.1 Action ...........................................................................................216

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15 Table of Contents

11.3.3.2 Service .........................................................................................217

11.3.3.3 Source Address ...........................................................................217

11.3.3.4 Destination Address ....................................................................217

11.4 Connection Direction Examples .....................................................................217

11.4.1 LAN To WAN Rules ...............................................................................217

11.4.2 WAN To LAN Rules ...............................................................................218

11.5 Alerts ..............................................................................................................218

11.6 Firewall Default Rule (Router Mode) ..............................................................219

11.7 Firewall Default Rule (Bridge Mode) ............................................................220

11.8 Firewall Rule Summary .................................................................................222

11.8.1 Firewall Edit Rule ..............................................................................223

11.9 Anti-Probing ................................................................................................226

11.10 Firewall Threshold .....................................................................................227

11.10.1 Threshold Values ................................................................................227

11.10.2 Half-Open Sessions ............................................................................227

11.10.2.1 TCP Maximum Incomplete and Blocking Time ..........................228

11.11 Service .........................................................................................................230

11.11.1 Firewall Edit Custom Service ..............................................................232

11.11.2 Predefined Services ............................................................................233

11.12 Example Firewall Rule ..................................................................................235

Chapter 12

Intrusion Detection and Prevention (IDP) .......................................................... 240

12.1 Introduction to IDP .......................................................................................240

12.1.1 Firewalls and Intrusions ........................................................................240

12.1.2 IDS and IDP .........................................................................................241

12.1.3 Host IDP ..............................................................................................241

12.1.4 Network IDP .........................................................................................241

12.1.5 Example Intrusions ...............................................................................242

12.1.5.1 SQL Slammer Worm ...................................................................242

12.1.5.2 Blaster W32.Worm ......................................................................242

12.1.5.3 Nimda ..........................................................................................242

12.1.5.4 MyDoom ......................................................................................243

12.1.6 ZyWALL IDP .........................................................................................243

Chapter 13

Configuring IDP.................................................................................................... 244

13.1 Overview ........................................................................................................244

13.1.1 Interfaces ..............................................................................................244

13.2 General Setup ................................................................................................245

13.3 IDP Signatures ...............................................................................................246

13.3.1 Attack Types .........................................................................................246

13.3.2 Intrusion Severity ..................................................................................248

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Table of Contents 16

13.3.3 Signature Actions ..................................................................................248

13.3.4 Configuring IDP Signatures ..................................................................249

13.3.5 Query View ...........................................................................................251

13.3.5.1 Query Example 1 ........................................................................251

13.3.5.2 Query Example 2 ........................................................................253

13.4 Update ...........................................................................................................254

13.4.1 mySecurity Zone ...................................................................................254

13.4.2 Configuring IDP Update ........................................................................255

13.5 Backup and Restore .......................................................................................257

Chapter 14

Anti-Virus .............................................................................................................. 258

14.1 Anti-Virus Overview .......................................................................................258

14.1.1 Types of Computer Viruses .................................................................258

14.1.2 Computer Virus Infection and Prevention .............................................258

14.1.3 Types of Anti-Virus Scanner ................................................................259

14.2 Introduction to the ZyWALL Anti-Virus Scanner .............................................259

14.2.1 How the ZyWALL Anti-Virus Scanner Works .......................................260

14.2.2 Notes About the ZyWALL Anti-Virus .....................................................260

14.3 General Anti-Virus Setup ...............................................................................261

14.4 Signature Update .........................................................................................262

14.4.1 mySecurity Zone ...................................................................................263

14.4.2 Configuring Anti-virus Update ...............................................................263

Chapter 15

Anti-Spam ............................................................................................................. 266

15.1 Anti-Spam Overview ....................................................................................266

15.1.1 Anti-Spam External Database ...............................................................266

15.1.1.1 SpamBulk Engine ........................................................................267

15.1.1.2 SpamRepute Engine ...................................................................267

15.1.1.3 SpamContent Engine ..................................................................267

15.1.1.4 SpamTricks Engine .....................................................................268

15.1.2 Spam Threshold ....................................................................................268

15.1.3 Phishing ................................................................................................268

15.1.4 Whitelist ................................................................................................269

15.1.5 Blacklist .................................................................................................269

15.1.6 SMTP and POP3 ..................................................................................269

15.1.7 MIME Headers ......................................................................................270

15.2 Anti-Spam General Screen ............................................................................270

15.3 Anti-Spam External DB Screen .................................................................271

15.4 Anti-Spam Lists Screen .................................................................................273

15.5 Anti-Spam Rule Edit Screen .........................................................................275

ZyWALL 5/35/70 Series User’s Guide

17 Table of Contents

Chapter 16

Content Filtering Screens ................................................................................... 278

16.1 Content Filtering Overview .............................................................................278

16.1.1 Restrict Web Features ..........................................................................278

16.1.2 Create a Filter List ................................................................................278

16.1.3 Customize Web Site Access ................................................................278

16.2 Content Filter General .................................................................................278

16.3 Content Filtering with an External Database ..................................................280

16.4 Content Filter Categories ............................................................................281

16.5 Content Filter Customization .......................................................................288

16.6 Customizing Keyword Blocking URL Checking ..............................................290

16.6.1 Domain Name or IP Address URL Checking ........................................290

16.6.2 Full Path URL Checking .......................................................................290

16.6.3 File Name URL Checking .....................................................................290

16.7 Content Filtering Cache .................................................................................291

Chapter 17

Content Filtering Reports .................................................................................... 294

17.1 Checking Content Filtering Activation ............................................................294

17.2 Viewing Content Filtering Reports ..................................................................294

17.3 Web Site Submission .....................................................................................299

Chapter 18

Introduction to IPSec ........................................................................................... 302

18.1 VPN Overview ................................................................................................302

18.1.1 IPSec ....................................................................................................302

18.1.2 Security Association .............................................................................302

18.1.3 Other Terminology ................................................................................302

18.1.3.1 Encryption ...................................................................................302

18.1.3.2 Data Confidentiality .....................................................................303

18.1.3.3 Data Integrity ...............................................................................303

18.1.3.4 Data Origin Authentication ..........................................................303

18.1.4 VPN Applications ..................................................................................303

18.1.4.1 Linking Two or More Private Networks Together .........................303

18.1.4.2 Accessing Network Resources When NAT Is Enabled ...............303

18.1.4.3 Unsupported IP Applications .......................................................303

18.2 IPSec Architecture .........................................................................................304

18.2.1 IPSec Algorithms ..................................................................................304

18.2.2 Key Management ..................................................................................304

18.3 Encapsulation .................................................................................................304

18.3.1 Transport Mode ....................................................................................305

18.3.2 Tunnel Mode .........................................................................................305

18.4 IPSec and NAT ...............................................................................................305

ZyWALL 5/35/70 Series User’s Guide

Table of Contents 18

Chapter 19

VPN Screens......................................................................................................... 308

19.1 VPN/IPSec Overview .....................................................................................308

19.2 IPSec Algorithms ............................................................................................308

19.2.1 AH (Authentication Header) Protocol ....................................................308

19.2.2 ESP (Encapsulating Security Payload) Protocol ..................................308

19.3 My ZyWALL ....................................................................................................309

19.4 Remote Gateway Address .............................................................................309

19.4.1 Dynamic Remote Gateway Address .....................................................310

19.5 Nailed Up .......................................................................................................310

19.6 NAT Traversal ................................................................................................310

19.6.1 NAT Traversal Configuration .................................................................311

19.7 ID Type and Content ......................................................................................311

19.7.1 ID Type and Content Examples ............................................................312

19.8 IKE Phases ....................................................................................................313

19.8.1 Negotiation Mode ..................................................................................314

19.8.2 Pre-Shared Key ....................................................................................314

19.8.3 Diffie-Hellman (DH) Key Groups ...........................................................315

19.8.4 Perfect Forward Secrecy (PFS) ...........................................................315

19.9 X-Auth (Extended Authentication) ..................................................................315

19.9.1 Authentication Server ...........................................................................315

19.10 VPN Rules (IKE) .........................................................................................316

19.11 VPN Rules (IKE) Gateway Policy Edit .........................................................318

19.12 VPN Rules (IKE): Network Policy Edit ......................................................324

19.13 VPN Rules (IKE): Network Policy Move .....................................................328

19.14 VPN Rules (Manual) ...................................................................................329

19.15 VPN Rules (Manual): Edit .........................................................................331

19.15.1 Security Parameter Index (SPI) ..........................................................331

19.16 VPN SA Monitor .........................................................................................335

19.17 VPN Global Setting .....................................................................................336

19.18 Telecommuter VPN/IPSec Examples ...........................................................337

19.18.1 Telecommuters Sharing One VPN Rule Example ..............................337

19.18.2 Telecommuters Using Unique VPN Rules Example ...........................338

19.19 VPN and Remote Management ...................................................................340

Chapter 20

Certificates............................................................................................................ 342

20.1 Certificates Overview .....................................................................................342

20.1.1 Advantages of Certificates ....................................................................343

20.2 Self-signed Certificates ..................................................................................343

20.3 Configuration Summary .................................................................................343

20.4 My Certificates ..............................................................................................344

20.5 My Certificate Import ....................................................................................346

ZyWALL 5/35/70 Series User’s Guide

19 Table of Contents

20.5.1 Certificate File Formats .........................................................................346

20.6 My Certificate Create ...................................................................................347

20.7 My Certificate Details ...................................................................................350

20.8 Trusted CAs .................................................................................................353

20.9 Trusted CA Import ........................................................................................355

20.10 Trusted CA Details ......................................................................................356

20.11 Trusted Remote Hosts ................................................................................359

20.12 Verifying a Trusted Remote Host’s Certificate ..............................................361

20.12.1 Trusted Remote Host Certificate Fingerprints .....................................361

20.13 Trusted Remote Hosts Import ....................................................................362

20.14 Trusted Remote Host Certificate Details ....................................................363

20.15 Directory Servers ........................................................................................366

20.16 Directory Server Add or Edit ......................................................................367

Chapter 21

Authentication Server.......................................................................................... 370

21.1 Authentication Server Overview .....................................................................370

21.1.1 Local User Database ............................................................................370

21.1.2 RADIUS ................................................................................................370

21.2 Local User Database ....................................................................................370

21.3 RADIUS ........................................................................................................372

Chapter 22

Network Address Translation (NAT) ................................................................... 374

22.1 NAT Overview ................................................................................................374

22.1.1 NAT Definitions .....................................................................................374

22.1.2 What NAT Does ....................................................................................375

22.1.3 How NAT Works ...................................................................................375

22.1.4 NAT Application ....................................................................................376

22.1.5 Port Restricted Cone NAT ....................................................................377

22.1.6 NAT Mapping Types .............................................................................377

22.2 Using NAT ......................................................................................................378

22.2.1 SUA (Single User Account) Versus NAT ..............................................378

22.3 NAT Overview ..............................................................................................379

22.4 NAT Address Mapping .................................................................................380

22.4.1 NAT Address Mapping Edit ..................................................................382

22.5 Port Forwarding ..............................................................................................383

22.5.1 Default Server IP Address ....................................................................384

22.5.2 Port Forwarding: Services and Port Numbers ......................................384

22.5.3 Configuring Servers Behind Port Forwarding (Example) ......................384

22.5.4 NAT and Multiple WAN .........................................................................385

22.5.5 Port Translation ....................................................................................385

22.6 Port Forwarding .............................................................................................386

ZyWALL 5/35/70 Series User’s Guide

Table of Contents 20

22.7 Port Triggering ..............................................................................................388

Chapter 23

Static Route .......................................................................................................... 392

23.1 IP Static Route ............................................................................................392

23.2 IP Static Route ...............................................................................................392

23.2.1 IP Static Route Edit ..............................................................................394

Chapter 24

Policy Route ......................................................................................................... 396

24.1 Policy Route ..................................................................................................396

24.2 Benefits ..........................................................................................................396

24.3 Routing Policy ................................................................................................396

24.4 IP Routing Policy Setup .................................................................................397

24.5 Policy Route Edit ...........................................................................................398

Chapter 25

Bandwidth Management ...................................................................................... 402

25.1 Bandwidth Management Overview ...............................................................402

25.2 Bandwidth Classes and Filters .......................................................................402

25.3 Proportional Bandwidth Allocation .................................................................403

25.4 Application-based Bandwidth Management ...................................................403

25.5 Subnet-based Bandwidth Management .........................................................403

25.6 Application and Subnet-based Bandwidth Management ...............................404

25.7 Scheduler .......................................................................................................404

25.7.1 Priority-based Scheduler ......................................................................404

25.7.2 Fairness-based Scheduler ....................................................................404

25.7.3 Maximize Bandwidth Usage .................................................................404

25.7.4 Reserving Bandwidth for Non-Bandwidth Class Traffic ........................405

25.7.5 Maximize Bandwidth Usage Example ..................................................405

25.7.5.1 Priority-based Allotment of Unused and Unbudgeted Bandwidth 406

25.7.5.2 Fairness-based Allotment of Unused and Unbudgeted Bandwidth ...

406

25.8 Bandwidth Borrowing .....................................................................................407

25.8.1 Bandwidth Borrowing Example .............................................................407

25.9 Maximize Bandwidth Usage With Bandwidth Borrowing ................................408

25.10 Configuring Summary ..................................................................................408

25.11 Configuring Class Setup .............................................................................410

25.11.1 Bandwidth Manager Class Configuration ...........................................411

25.11.2 Bandwidth Management Statistics ...................................................414

25.12 Configuring Monitor ...................................................................................415

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