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Force10 MXL Blade

Dell Force10 MXL Blade User manual

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Dell Networking Conguration Guide for the MXL
10/40GbE Switch I/O Module
9.8(0.0)
Notes, cautions, and warnings
NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your computer.
CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the
problem.
WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.
Copyright © 2015 Dell Inc. All rights reserved. This product is protected by U.S. and international copyright and intellectual property laws. Dell
™
and the Dell logo are trademarks of Dell Inc. in the United States and/or other jurisdictions. All other marks and names mentioned herein may be
trademarks of their respective companies.
2015 - 05
Rev. A00
Contents
1 About this Guide............................................................................................................ 30
Audience.......................................................................................................................................................................... 30
Conventions..................................................................................................................................................................... 30
Information Symbols.........................................................................................................................................................30
Related Documents...........................................................................................................................................................31
2 Conguration Fundamentals..........................................................................................32
Accessing the Command Line.......................................................................................................................................... 32
CLI Modes........................................................................................................................................................................32
Navigating CLI Modes................................................................................................................................................ 33
The do Command.............................................................................................................................................................36
Undoing Commands.........................................................................................................................................................36
Obtaining Help..................................................................................................................................................................37
Entering and Editing Commands.......................................................................................................................................37
Command History............................................................................................................................................................ 38
Filtering show Command Outputs.................................................................................................................................... 38
Multiple Users in Conguration Mode...............................................................................................................................39
3 Getting Started..............................................................................................................41
Console Access................................................................................................................................................................ 42
Serial Console.............................................................................................................................................................42
External Serial Port with a USB Connector.................................................................................................................44
Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH........................................................................................... 44
Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection....................................................................................................44
Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection.............................................................................................. 44
Boot Process....................................................................................................................................................................45
Default Conguration....................................................................................................................................................... 46
Conguring a Host Name.................................................................................................................................................46
Conguring a Host Name................................................................................................................................................. 47
Accessing the System Remotely.......................................................................................................................................47
Accessing the MXL Switch Remotely.........................................................................................................................47
Congure the Management Port IP Address.............................................................................................................. 47
Congure a Management Route.................................................................................................................................48
Conguring a Username and Password...................................................................................................................... 48
Conguring the Enable Password.....................................................................................................................................48
Conguration File Management........................................................................................................................................49
Copy Files to and from the System............................................................................................................................ 49
Save the Running-Conguration................................................................................................................................ 50
Viewing Files............................................................................................................................................................... 51
Managing the File System................................................................................................................................................ 52
View the Command History..............................................................................................................................................53
Using HTTP for File Transfers.......................................................................................................................................... 53
3
Upgrading and Downgrading the Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................... 53
Using Hashes to Validate Software Images...................................................................................................................... 53
4 Management.................................................................................................................55
Conguring Privilege Levels............................................................................................................................................. 55
Creating a Custom Privilege Level..............................................................................................................................55
Customizing a Privilege Level.....................................................................................................................................56
Applying a Privilege Level to a Username....................................................................................................................57
Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line............................................................................................................... 57
Conguring Logging......................................................................................................................................................... 58
Audit and Security Logs............................................................................................................................................. 58
Conguring Logging Format .....................................................................................................................................60
Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server...................................................................................................60
Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration................................................................................................61
Log Messages in the Internal Buer................................................................................................................................. 62
Conguration Task List for System Log Management................................................................................................ 62
Disabling System Logging.................................................................................................................................................62
Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server................................................................................................................. 62
Conguring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server..........................................................................................................62
Changing System Logging Settings..................................................................................................................................63
Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration............................................................................................... 64
Conguring a UNIX Logging Facility Level........................................................................................................................ 64
Synchronizing Log Messages........................................................................................................................................... 65
Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages........................................................................................................................ 66
File Transfer Services....................................................................................................................................................... 66
Conguration Task List for File Transfer Services....................................................................................................... 66
Enabling the FTP Server............................................................................................................................................ 66
Conguring FTP Server Parameters...........................................................................................................................67
Conguring FTP Client Parameters............................................................................................................................ 67
Terminal Lines...................................................................................................................................................................68
Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line......................................................................................................68
Conguring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines...................................................................................................69
Setting Time Out of EXEC Privilege Mode....................................................................................................................... 70
Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device............................................................................................................... 70
Lock CONFIGURATION Mode.......................................................................................................................................... 71
Viewing the Conguration Lock Status....................................................................................................................... 71
Limit Concurrent Login Sessions....................................................................................................................................... 71
Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions.................................................................................... 72
Conguring Concurrent Session Limit.........................................................................................................................72
Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions..........................................................................................................72
Track Login Activity.......................................................................................................................................................... 73
Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity.......................................................................................................................73
Conguring Login Activity Tracking.............................................................................................................................73
Display Login Statistics............................................................................................................................................... 74
Recovering from a Forgotten Password............................................................................................................................74
Recovering from a Forgotten Enable Password................................................................................................................ 75
4
Recovering from a Failed Start......................................................................................................................................... 76
5 802.1X........................................................................................................................... 77
The Port-Authentication Process..................................................................................................................................... 78
EAP over RADIUS...................................................................................................................................................... 79
Conguring 802.1X........................................................................................................................................................... 80
Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................... 80
Important Points to Remember........................................................................................................................................ 80
Enabling 802.1X.................................................................................................................................................................81
Conguring Request Identity Re-Transmissions.......................................................................................................... 82
Conguring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication............................................................................................ 83
Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port.................................................................................................................... 84
Re-Authenticating a Port..................................................................................................................................................84
Conguring Timeouts.......................................................................................................................................................85
Conguring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication...................................................................................86
Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs........................................................................................................................ 87
Conguring a Guest VLAN......................................................................................................................................... 88
Conguring an Authentication-Fail VLAN................................................................................................................... 88
6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM)..... 90
Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs............................................................................90
Guidelines for Conguring ACL VLAN groups................................................................................................................... 91
Conguring ACL VLAN Groups and Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters............................................................ 91
Conguring ACL VLAN Groups................................................................................................................................... 91
Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters............................................................................................................. 92
Viewing CAM Usage.........................................................................................................................................................93
Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes........................................................................................................................ 94
7 Access Control Lists (ACLs)..........................................................................................96
IP Access Control Lists (ACLs).........................................................................................................................................96
Implementing ACL on the Dell Networking OS..................................................................................................................97
ACLs and VLANs..............................................................................................................................................................97
ACL Optimization..............................................................................................................................................................97
Determine the Order in which ACLs are Used to Classify Trac.......................................................................................97
Example of the order Keyword to Determine ACL Sequence......................................................................................97
IP Fragment Handling.......................................................................................................................................................98
IP Fragments ACL Examples............................................................................................................................................ 98
Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples............................................................................................................................................ 98
Congure a Standard IP ACL............................................................................................................................................99
Conguring a Standard IP ACL Filter.............................................................................................................................. 100
Congure an Extended IP ACL........................................................................................................................................ 101
Conguring Filters with a Sequence Number...................................................................................................................101
Conguring Filters Without a Sequence Number............................................................................................................ 102
Established Flag..............................................................................................................................................................102
Congure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs...............................................................................................................................102
Assign an IP ACL to an Interface.....................................................................................................................................103
5
Applying an IP ACL......................................................................................................................................................... 103
Counting ACL Hits.......................................................................................................................................................... 104
Congure Ingress ACLs...................................................................................................................................................104
Congure Egress ACLs...................................................................................................................................................105
Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane)............................................................................................................... 105
IP Prex Lists..................................................................................................................................................................106
Implementation Information...................................................................................................................................... 106
Conguration Task List for Prex Lists............................................................................................................................106
Creating a Prex List.......................................................................................................................................................107
Creating a Prex List Without a Sequence Number........................................................................................................ 107
Viewing Prex Lists.........................................................................................................................................................108
Applying a Prex List for Route Redistribution................................................................................................................109
Applying a Filter to a Prex List (OSPF)..........................................................................................................................109
ACL Resequencing.......................................................................................................................................................... 110
Resequencing an ACL or Prex List.................................................................................................................................110
Route Maps..................................................................................................................................................................... 112
Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................... 112
Important Points to Remember........................................................................................................................................112
Conguration Task List for Route Maps...........................................................................................................................112
Creating a Route Map......................................................................................................................................................112
Congure Route Map Filters............................................................................................................................................114
Conguring Match Routes...............................................................................................................................................114
Conguring Set Conditions..............................................................................................................................................115
Congure a Route Map for Route Redistribution............................................................................................................. 116
Congure a Route Map for Route Tagging.......................................................................................................................116
Continue Clause...............................................................................................................................................................117
Logging of ACL Processes............................................................................................................................................... 117
Guidelines for Conguring ACL Logging...........................................................................................................................118
Conguring ACL Logging.................................................................................................................................................118
Flow-Based Monitoring Support for ACLs....................................................................................................................... 119
Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring...........................................................................................................................119
Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring..................................................................................................................................... 121
8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD)....................................................................122
How BFD Works............................................................................................................................................................. 122
BFD Packet Format.................................................................................................................................................. 123
BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................124
BFD Three-Way Handshake...................................................................................................................................... 125
Session State Changes............................................................................................................................................. 127
Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................................... 127
Congure BFD................................................................................................................................................................ 127
Congure BFD for Physical Ports..............................................................................................................................128
Enabling BFD Globally............................................................................................................................................... 128
Establishing a Session on Physical Ports...................................................................................................................129
Changing Physical Port Session Parameters.............................................................................................................130
Disabling and Re-Enabling BFD..................................................................................................................................131
6
Congure BFD for Static Routes..................................................................................................................................... 131
Related Conguration Tasks.......................................................................................................................................131
Establishing Sessions for Static Routes.....................................................................................................................132
Changing Static Route Session Parameters.............................................................................................................. 132
Disabling BFD for Static Routes................................................................................................................................ 133
Congure BFD for OSPF.................................................................................................................................................133
Related Conguration Tasks......................................................................................................................................133
Establishing Sessions with OSPF Neighbors............................................................................................................. 134
Changing OSPF Session Parameters........................................................................................................................ 135
Disabling BFD for OSPF............................................................................................................................................135
Congure BFD for OSPFv3.............................................................................................................................................135
Related Conguration Tasks......................................................................................................................................136
Establishing Sessions with OSPFv3 Neighbors......................................................................................................... 136
Changing OSPFv3 Session Parameters.....................................................................................................................136
Disabling BFD for OSPFv3........................................................................................................................................ 136
Congure BFD for BGP...................................................................................................................................................137
Prerequisites............................................................................................................................................................. 137
Establishing Sessions with BGP Neighbors............................................................................................................... 137
Disabling BFD for BGP..............................................................................................................................................139
Use BFD in a BGP Peer Group..................................................................................................................................139
Displaying BFD for BGP Information......................................................................................................................... 140
Congure BFD for VRRP................................................................................................................................................ 144
Related Conguration Tasks......................................................................................................................................144
Establishing Sessions with All VRRP Neighbors........................................................................................................ 144
Establishing VRRP Sessions on VRRP Neighbors..................................................................................................... 145
Changing VRRP Session Parameters........................................................................................................................ 145
Disabling BFD for VRRP............................................................................................................................................146
Congure BFD for VLANs...............................................................................................................................................146
Related Conguration Task....................................................................................................................................... 146
Establish Sessions with VLAN Neighbors..................................................................................................................147
Changing VLAN Session Parameters.........................................................................................................................147
Disabling BFD for VLANs.......................................................................................................................................... 148
Congure BFD for Port-Channels................................................................................................................................... 148
Related Conguration Tasks......................................................................................................................................148
Establish Sessions on Port-Channels........................................................................................................................ 148
Changing Physical Port Session Parameters............................................................................................................. 149
Disabling BFD for Port-Channels...............................................................................................................................149
Conguring Protocol Liveness.........................................................................................................................................149
Troubleshooting BFD...................................................................................................................................................... 150
9 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4).......................................................................151
Autonomous Systems (AS)..............................................................................................................................................151
Sessions and Peers......................................................................................................................................................... 153
Establish a Session....................................................................................................................................................153
Route Reectors.............................................................................................................................................................154
Communities.............................................................................................................................................................155
7
BGP Attributes............................................................................................................................................................... 155
Best Path Selection Criteria......................................................................................................................................155
Weight...................................................................................................................................................................... 157
Local Preference....................................................................................................................................................... 157
Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)..............................................................................................................................158
Origin........................................................................................................................................................................159
AS Path.................................................................................................................................................................... 159
Next Hop..................................................................................................................................................................160
Multiprotocol BGP.......................................................................................................................................................... 160
Implement BGP with the Dell Networking OS.................................................................................................................160
Additional Path (Add-Path) Support......................................................................................................................... 160
Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes............................................................................................... 161
Ignore Router-ID for Some Best-Path Calculations....................................................................................................161
Four-Byte AS Numbers..............................................................................................................................................161
AS4 Number Representation.................................................................................................................................... 162
AS Number Migration............................................................................................................................................... 163
BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)............................................................................................................ 165
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................165
Conguration Information............................................................................................................................................... 166
BGP Conguration..........................................................................................................................................................166
Enabling BGP............................................................................................................................................................ 167
Enabling MBGP Congurations.................................................................................................................................196
BGP Regular Expression Optimization............................................................................................................................ 196
Debugging BGP.............................................................................................................................................................. 196
Storing Last and Bad PDUs.......................................................................................................................................197
PDU Counters...........................................................................................................................................................198
Sample Congurations....................................................................................................................................................198
10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM)........................................................................ 207
CAM Allocation...............................................................................................................................................................207
Test CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................ 208
View CAM-ACL Settings................................................................................................................................................208
CAM Optimization..........................................................................................................................................................209
11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP).................................................................................... 210
Congure Control Plane Policing......................................................................................................................................211
Conguring CoPP for Protocols................................................................................................................................212
Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues.......................................................................................................................... 213
Show Commands......................................................................................................................................................214
12 Data Center Bridging (DCB)....................................................................................... 216
Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging............................................................................................................216
Priority-Based Flow Control...................................................................................................................................... 217
Enhanced Transmission Selection..............................................................................................................................217
Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx)..................................................................................................... 219
Data Center Bridging in a Trac Flow.......................................................................................................................219
8
Enabling Data Center Bridging........................................................................................................................................ 219
Conguring DCB Maps and its Attributes.................................................................................................................220
Data Center Bridging: Default Conguration...................................................................................................................223
Interworking of DCB Map With DCB Buer Threshold Settings.....................................................................................223
Conguring Priority-Based Flow Control........................................................................................................................ 224
Conguring Lossless Queues....................................................................................................................................225
Conguring the PFC Buer in a Switch Stack..........................................................................................................226
Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buer Method..................................................................................... 227
Congure Enhanced Transmission Selection.................................................................................................................. 228
ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions...........................................................................................................................228
Creating an ETS Priority Group................................................................................................................................ 228
ETS Operation with DCBx........................................................................................................................................229
Conguring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN......................................................................................................230
Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies......................................................................................................... 231
Applying DCB Policies with an ETS Conguration...........................................................................................................231
PFC and ETS Conguration Examples............................................................................................................................ 231
Using PFC and ETS to Manage Data Center Trac................................................................................................. 232
Using PFC and ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac in a Switch Stack........................................................ 233
Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack........................................................................................................................ 234
Congure a DCBx Operation.......................................................................................................................................... 234
DCBx Operation....................................................................................................................................................... 234
DCBx Port Roles...................................................................................................................................................... 234
DCB Conguration Exchange...................................................................................................................................236
Conguration Source Election..................................................................................................................................236
Propagation of DCB Information...............................................................................................................................237
Auto-Detection and Manual Conguration of the DCBx Version...............................................................................237
DCBx Example..........................................................................................................................................................237
DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions........................................................................................................................ 238
Conguring DCBx.................................................................................................................................................... 238
Verifying the DCB Conguration.................................................................................................................................... 242
QoS dot1p Trac Classication and Queue Assignment.................................................................................................250
Conguring the Dynamic Buer Method.........................................................................................................................251
13 Debugging and Diagnostics........................................................................................253
Oine Diagnostics......................................................................................................................................................... 253
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................ 253
Running Oine Diagnostics......................................................................................................................................253
Trace Logs..................................................................................................................................................................... 256
Auto Save on Crash or Rollover................................................................................................................................256
Using the Show Hardware Commands...........................................................................................................................256
Enabling Environmental Monitoring................................................................................................................................ 257
Recognize an Over-Temperature Condition.............................................................................................................. 259
Troubleshoot an Over-Temperature Condition.......................................................................................................... 259
Recognize an Under-Voltage Condition....................................................................................................................260
Troubleshoot an Under-Voltage Condition................................................................................................................260
Troubleshooting Packet Loss..........................................................................................................................................260
9
Displaying Drop Counters..........................................................................................................................................261
Dataplane Statistics.................................................................................................................................................. 261
Display Stack Port Statistics.................................................................................................................................... 262
Displaying Stack Member Counters..........................................................................................................................263
Enabling Application Core Dumps...................................................................................................................................263
Mini Core Dumps............................................................................................................................................................264
Enabling TCP Dumps..................................................................................................................................................... 265
Enabling Buer Statistics Tracking ................................................................................................................................265
14 Dynamic Host Conguration Protocol (DHCP).......................................................... 266
DHCP Packet Format and Options.................................................................................................................................266
Assign an IP Address using DHCP............................................................................................................................268
Implementation Information............................................................................................................................................268
Congure the System to be a DHCP Server.................................................................................................................. 269
Conguring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation.........................................................................................269
Conguration Tasks.................................................................................................................................................. 270
Specifying a Default Gateway................................................................................................................................... 271
Enabling the DHCP Server........................................................................................................................................271
Congure a Method of Hostname Resolution........................................................................................................... 271
Creating Manual Binding Entries...............................................................................................................................272
Debugging the DHCP Server....................................................................................................................................273
Using DHCP Clear Commands................................................................................................................................. 273
Congure the System to be a Relay Agent..................................................................................................................... 273
Congure the System to be a DHCP Client....................................................................................................................275
Conguring the DHCP Client System.......................................................................................................................275
DHCP Client on a Management Interface.................................................................................................................278
DHCP Client Operation with Other Features............................................................................................................279
Congure Secure DHCP................................................................................................................................................ 280
Option 82.................................................................................................................................................................280
DHCP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................................280
Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only.........................................................................................................283
Dynamic ARP Inspection.......................................................................................................................................... 284
Conguring Dynamic ARP Inspection.......................................................................................................................285
Source Address Validation........................................................................................................................................286
15 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)................................................................................. 288
ECMP for Flow-Based Anity....................................................................................................................................... 288
Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop...................................................................................................................288
Link Bundle Monitoring...................................................................................................................................................288
Managing ECMP Group Paths....................................................................................................................................... 289
16 FC FLEXIO FPORT.................................................................................................... 290
FC FLEXIO FPORT........................................................................................................................................................ 290
Conguring Switch Mode to FCF Port Mode.................................................................................................................290
Name Server...................................................................................................................................................................291
FCoE Maps.....................................................................................................................................................................291
10
Creating an FCoE Map...................................................................................................................................................292
Zoning............................................................................................................................................................................293
Creating Zone and Adding Members.............................................................................................................................. 293
Creating Zone Alias and Adding Members......................................................................................................................294
Creating Zonesets..........................................................................................................................................................294
Activating a Zoneset...................................................................................................................................................... 294
Displaying the Fabric Parameters................................................................................................................................... 295
17 FCoE Transit.............................................................................................................. 298
Fibre Channel over Ethernet.......................................................................................................................................... 298
Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network...................................................................................................298
FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges................................................................................................................................. 299
FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack...................................................................................................................................... 301
Using FIP Snooping.........................................................................................................................................................301
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................301
Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature............................................................................................................................301
Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs............................................................................................................................... 302
Congure the FC-MAP Value...................................................................................................................................302
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link............................................................................................................302
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link............................................................................................................... 302
Impact on Other Software Features.........................................................................................................................302
FIP Snooping Prerequisites.......................................................................................................................................303
FIP Snooping Restrictions........................................................................................................................................303
Conguring FIP Snooping.........................................................................................................................................303
Displaying FIP Snooping Information.............................................................................................................................. 304
FCoE Transit Conguration Example..............................................................................................................................309
18 FIPS Cryptography..................................................................................................... 312
Preparing the System..................................................................................................................................................... 312
Enabling FIPS Mode........................................................................................................................................................312
Generating Host-Keys.....................................................................................................................................................313
Monitoring FIPS Mode Status.........................................................................................................................................313
Disabling FIPS Mode....................................................................................................................................................... 314
19 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)..................................................................... 315
Protocol Overview.......................................................................................................................................................... 315
Ring Status............................................................................................................................................................... 316
Multiple FRRP Rings................................................................................................................................................. 317
Important FRRP Points.............................................................................................................................................318
Important FRRP Concepts........................................................................................................................................319
Implementing FRRP....................................................................................................................................................... 320
FRRP Conguration....................................................................................................................................................... 320
Creating the FRRP Group........................................................................................................................................ 320
Conguring the Control VLAN................................................................................................................................. 320
Conguring and Adding the Member VLANs............................................................................................................322
Setting the FRRP Timers......................................................................................................................................... 323
11
Clearing the FRRP Counters.................................................................................................................................... 323
Viewing the FRRP Conguration..............................................................................................................................323
Viewing the FRRP Information................................................................................................................................. 323
Troubleshooting FRRP....................................................................................................................................................324
Conguration Checks...............................................................................................................................................324
Sample Conguration and Topology............................................................................................................................... 324
20 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)...............................................................327
Important Points to Remember...................................................................................................................................... 327
Congure GVRP.............................................................................................................................................................327
Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 328
Enabling GVRP Globally..................................................................................................................................................328
Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface............................................................................................................................329
Congure GVRP Registration.........................................................................................................................................329
Congure a GARP Timer................................................................................................................................................330
21 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)............................................................331
IGMP Protocol Overview................................................................................................................................................ 331
IGMP Version 2.........................................................................................................................................................331
IGMP Version 3........................................................................................................................................................ 332
IGMP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................................335
IGMP Snooping Implementation Information............................................................................................................335
Conguring IGMP Snooping.....................................................................................................................................336
Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave............................................................................................................................. 336
Disabling Multicast Flooding..................................................................................................................................... 337
Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router............................................................................................. 337
Conguring the Switch as Querier............................................................................................................................337
Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes......................................................................................................... 337
Designating a Multicast Router Interface....................................................................................................................... 338
22 Interfaces..................................................................................................................339
Basic Interface Conguration......................................................................................................................................... 339
Advanced Interface Conguration..................................................................................................................................339
Interface Types...............................................................................................................................................................339
View Basic Interface Information....................................................................................................................................340
Enabling a Physical Interface..........................................................................................................................................342
Physical Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................... 342
Conguration Task List for Physical Interfaces......................................................................................................... 342
Overview of Layer Modes........................................................................................................................................ 342
Conguring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode......................................................................................................................343
Conguring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode...................................................................................................................... 343
Conguring Layer 3 (Network) Mode...................................................................................................................... 344
Conguring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode...................................................................................................................... 344
Management Interfaces................................................................................................................................................. 345
Conguring Management Interfaces on the MXL Switch.........................................................................................345
VLAN Interfaces.............................................................................................................................................................347
12
Loopback Interfaces....................................................................................................................................................... 347
Null Interfaces................................................................................................................................................................348
Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................................................. 348
Port Channel Denition and Standards.....................................................................................................................348
Port Channel Benets.............................................................................................................................................. 348
Port Channel Implementation...................................................................................................................................349
100/1000/10000 Mbps Interfaces in Port Channels.................................................................................................349
Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces...................................................................................................... 349
Creating a Port Channel...........................................................................................................................................350
Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel..........................................................................................................350
Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel..................................................................................................... 352
Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel......................................................................................352
Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN...................................................................................................353
Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel...............................................................................................................353
Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel........................................................................................................................ 353
Load Balancing through Port Channels.......................................................................................................................... 354
Load-Balancing Method................................................................................................................................................. 354
Hash Algorithm.............................................................................................................................................................. 354
Server Ports...................................................................................................................................................................355
Default Conguration without Start-up Cong........................................................................................................ 355
Bulk Conguration..........................................................................................................................................................356
Interface Range....................................................................................................................................................... 356
Bulk Conguration Examples....................................................................................................................................356
Dening Interface Range Macros................................................................................................................................... 357
Dene the Interface Range...................................................................................................................................... 358
Choosing an Interface-Range Macro........................................................................................................................358
Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces........................................................................................................................... 358
Maintenance Using TDR.......................................................................................................................................... 359
Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports...............................................................................................................................360
Merging SFP+ Ports to QSFP 40G Ports.................................................................................................................360
Congure the MTU Size on an Interface...................................................................................................................361
Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port.......................................................................................... 361
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................ 362
Example Scenarios...................................................................................................................................................362
Layer 2 Flow Control Using Ethernet Pause Frames.......................................................................................................362
Enabling Pause Frames............................................................................................................................................ 363
Congure MTU Size on an Interface.............................................................................................................................. 363
Port-Pipes......................................................................................................................................................................364
Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces....................................................................................................................... 364
Setting the Speed and Duplex Mode of Ethernet Interfaces.................................................................................... 364
View Advanced Interface Information............................................................................................................................ 366
Conguring the Interface Sampling Size...................................................................................................................367
Dynamic Counters....................................................................................................................................................368
Enhanced Validation of Interface Ranges....................................................................................................................... 369
Enhanced Control of Remote Fault Indication Processing.............................................................................................. 369
13
23 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)............................................................................ 370
Conguring IPSec ..........................................................................................................................................................370
24 IPv4 Routing..............................................................................................................372
IP Addresses...................................................................................................................................................................372
Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................372
Conguration Tasks for IP Addresses....................................................................................................................... 372
IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview..............................................................................................................................375
Using the Congured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages..........................................................................................376
Conguring the ICMP Source Interface....................................................................................................................376
Conguring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection............................................................................................... 376
Enabling Directed Broadcast...........................................................................................................................................377
Resolution of Host Names..............................................................................................................................................377
Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names........................................................................................................... 377
Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains..................................................................................... 378
Conguring DNS with Traceroute.............................................................................................................................378
ARP................................................................................................................................................................................379
Conguration Tasks for ARP.....................................................................................................................................379
ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP.................................................................................................................................. 380
ARP Learning via ARP Request.......................................................................................................................................381
Conguring ARP Retries................................................................................................................................................. 381
ICMP..............................................................................................................................................................................382
Conguration Tasks for ICMP...................................................................................................................................382
UDP Helper....................................................................................................................................................................382
Congure UDP Helper..............................................................................................................................................382
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................ 383
Enabling UDP Helper................................................................................................................................................383
Congurations Using UDP Helper.................................................................................................................................. 383
UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses............................................................................................................... 383
UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses........................................................................................................ 384
UDP Helper with Congured Broadcast Addresses..................................................................................................385
UDP Helper with No Congured Broadcast Addresses............................................................................................ 385
Troubleshooting UDP Helper.......................................................................................................................................... 385
25 IPv6 Addressing.........................................................................................................387
Protocol Overview..........................................................................................................................................................387
Extended Address Space..........................................................................................................................................387
Stateless Autoconguration......................................................................................................................................387
IPv6 Header Fields......................................................................................................................................................... 389
Version (4 bits).........................................................................................................................................................389
Trac Class (8 bits)................................................................................................................................................. 389
Flow Label (20 bits)................................................................................................................................................. 389
Payload Length (16 bits)...........................................................................................................................................389
Next Header (8 bits)................................................................................................................................................ 389
Hop Limit (8 bits).....................................................................................................................................................390
14
Source Address (128 bits)........................................................................................................................................ 390
Destination Address (128 bits)..................................................................................................................................390
Extension Header Fields.................................................................................................................................................390
Hop-by-Hop Options Header.................................................................................................................................... 391
Addressing...................................................................................................................................................................... 391
Link-local Addresses.................................................................................................................................................392
Static and Dynamic Addressing................................................................................................................................392
Implementing IPv6 with the Dell Networking OS............................................................................................................392
ICMPv6..........................................................................................................................................................................394
Path MTU Discovery......................................................................................................................................................394
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery................................................................................................................................................395
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets............................................................................................................... 396
Conguring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server............................................................................................................396
Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host ............................................................................................397
Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information......................................................................................................................... 397
IPv6 Multicast................................................................................................................................................................ 397
Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport................................................................................................................... 397
Conguration Task List for IPv6..................................................................................................................................... 398
Adjusting Your CAM-Prole......................................................................................................................................398
Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface............................................................................................................... 399
Assigning a Static IPv6 Route.................................................................................................................................. 399
Conguring Telnet with IPv6....................................................................................................................................400
SNMP over IPv6......................................................................................................................................................400
Showing IPv6 Information........................................................................................................................................400
Showing an IPv6 Interface........................................................................................................................................401
Showing IPv6 Routes................................................................................................................................................401
Showing the Running-Conguration for an Interface............................................................................................... 402
Clearing IPv6 Routes................................................................................................................................................403
26 iSCSI Optimization....................................................................................................404
iSCSI Optimization Overview......................................................................................................................................... 404
Monitoring iSCSI Trac Flows................................................................................................................................. 405
Information Monitored in iSCSI Trac Flows............................................................................................................405
Detection and Auto-Conguration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays...................................................................................406
Conguring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays.................................................................................... 406
iSCSI Optimization: Operation..................................................................................................................................406
Default iSCSI Optimization Values............................................................................................................................ 407
Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information...................................................................................................................... 407
27 Intermediate System to Intermediate System............................................................409
IS-IS Protocol Overview.................................................................................................................................................409
IS-IS Addressing.............................................................................................................................................................409
Multi-Topology IS-IS........................................................................................................................................................410
Transition Mode........................................................................................................................................................ 410
Interface Support......................................................................................................................................................410
Adjacencies...............................................................................................................................................................410
15
Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................................................. 411
Timers....................................................................................................................................................................... 411
Implementation Information............................................................................................................................................. 411
Conguration Information............................................................................................................................................... 412
Conguration Tasks for IS-IS.....................................................................................................................................412
IS-IS Metric Styles......................................................................................................................................................... 426
Congure Metric Values.................................................................................................................................................426
Maximum Values in the Routing Table...................................................................................................................... 427
Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only......................................................................................................427
Leaks from One Level to Another.............................................................................................................................428
Sample Congurations................................................................................................................................................... 429
28 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)................................................................ 434
Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP.......................................................................................................................434
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................ 434
LACP Modes............................................................................................................................................................435
Conguring LACP Commands................................................................................................................................. 435
LACP Conguration Tasks..............................................................................................................................................436
Creating a LAG.........................................................................................................................................................436
Conguring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic.............................................................................................................436
Setting the LACP Long Timeout...............................................................................................................................437
Shared LAG State Tracking............................................................................................................................................ 438
Conguring Shared LAG State Tracking......................................................................................................................... 438
Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking................................................................................................. 439
LACP Basic Conguration Example................................................................................................................................440
Congure a LAG on ALPHA..................................................................................................................................... 440
29 Layer 2...................................................................................................................... 448
Manage the MAC Address Table.................................................................................................................................... 448
Clearing the MAC Address Table.............................................................................................................................. 448
Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries.............................................................................................................448
Conguring a Static MAC Address...........................................................................................................................449
Displaying the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................... 449
MAC Learning Limit........................................................................................................................................................449
Setting the MAC Learning Limit...............................................................................................................................450
mac learning-limit Dynamic...................................................................................................................................... 450
mac learning-limit station-move............................................................................................................................... 450
Learning Limit Violation Actions............................................................................................................................... 450
Setting Station Move Violation Actions....................................................................................................................450
Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations....................................................................................451
NIC Teaming................................................................................................................................................................... 451
MAC Move Optimization..........................................................................................................................................453
30 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP).......................................................................454
802.1AB (LLDP) Overview............................................................................................................................................. 454
Protocol Data Units..................................................................................................................................................454
16
Optional TLVs.................................................................................................................................................................455
Management TLVs...................................................................................................................................................455
TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview................................................................................................................................... 457
TIA Organizationally Specic TLVs............................................................................................................................457
Extended Power via MDI TLV.................................................................................................................................. 460
Congure LLDP.............................................................................................................................................................. 461
Related Conguration Tasks......................................................................................................................................461
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................461
LLDP Compatibility................................................................................................................................................... 461
CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Congurations....................................................................................................461
Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................................................462
Disabling and Undoing LLDP.................................................................................................................................... 462
Advertising TLVs............................................................................................................................................................ 462
Viewing the LLDP Conguration.................................................................................................................................... 463
Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents.............................................................................................464
Conguring LLDPDU Intervals....................................................................................................................................... 465
Conguring Transmit and Receive Mode........................................................................................................................466
Conguring a Time to Live..............................................................................................................................................467
Debugging LLDP............................................................................................................................................................ 467
Relevant Management Objects......................................................................................................................................468
31 Microsoft Network Load Balancing............................................................................ 473
NLB Unicast Mode Scenario.......................................................................................................................................... 473
NLB Multicast Mode Scenario........................................................................................................................................473
Limitations With Enabling NLB on Switches................................................................................................................... 474
Benets and Working of Microsoft Clustering................................................................................................................ 474
Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding ................................................................................................................................ 474
Conguring a Switch for NLB ........................................................................................................................................474
.................................................................................................................................................................................475
32 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)...........................................................476
Protocol Overview..........................................................................................................................................................476
Anycast RP.................................................................................................................................................................... 478
Implementation Information............................................................................................................................................478
Congure the Multicast Source Discovery Protocol....................................................................................................... 478
Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 479
Enabling MSDP.............................................................................................................................................................. 483
Manage the Source-Active Cache................................................................................................................................. 484
Viewing the Source-Active Cache............................................................................................................................484
Limiting the Source-Active Cache............................................................................................................................484
Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................... 485
Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache............................................................................................................485
Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check.............................................................................................485
Specifying Source-Active Messages.............................................................................................................................. 489
Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer.........................................................................................................490
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source............................................................................................................ 490
17
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source.........................................................................................................491
Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source........................................................................................................ 491
Logging Changes in Peership States.............................................................................................................................. 492
Terminating a Peership...................................................................................................................................................492
Clearing Peer Statistics.................................................................................................................................................. 493
Debugging MSDP...........................................................................................................................................................493
MSDP with Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................. 494
Conguring Anycast RP.................................................................................................................................................495
Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding............................................................................................................. 496
Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages....................................................................................................496
MSDP Sample Congurations........................................................................................................................................498
33 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP).................................................................. 501
Protocol Overview.......................................................................................................................................................... 501
Spanning Tree Variations................................................................................................................................................502
Implementation Information........................................................................................................................................... 502
Congure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol.................................................................................................................... 502
Related Conguration Tasks.....................................................................................................................................502
Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally.......................................................................................................................... 503
Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances.....................................................................................................................503
Inuencing MSTP Root Selection.................................................................................................................................. 504
Interoperate with Non-Dell Networking OS Bridges.......................................................................................................505
Changing the Region Name or Revision.........................................................................................................................505
Modifying Global Parameters......................................................................................................................................... 505
Enable BPDU Filtering Globally.......................................................................................................................................507
Modifying the Interface Parameters............................................................................................................................... 507
Conguring an EdgePort................................................................................................................................................508
Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change.............................................................................................................509
MSTP Sample Congurations........................................................................................................................................509
Router 1 Running-CongurationRouter 2 Running-CongurationRouter 3 Running-CongurationSFTOS
Example Running-Conguration...............................................................................................................................509
Debugging and Verifying MSTP Congurations.............................................................................................................. 512
34 Multicast Features..................................................................................................... 515
Enabling IP Multicast...................................................................................................................................................... 515
Implementation Information............................................................................................................................................ 515
First Packet Forwarding for Lossless Multicast...............................................................................................................516
Multicast Policies............................................................................................................................................................516
IPv4 Multicast Policies....................................................................................................................................................516
Limiting the Number of Multicast Routes................................................................................................................. 516
Preventing a Host from Joining a Group....................................................................................................................517
Rate Limiting IGMP Join Requests............................................................................................................................519
Preventing a PIM Router from Forming an Adjacency..............................................................................................520
Preventing a Source from Registering with the RP.................................................................................................. 520
Preventing a PIM Router from Processing a Join..................................................................................................... 522
18
35 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3)..................................................... 524
Protocol Overview..........................................................................................................................................................524
Autonomous System (AS) Areas.............................................................................................................................. 524
Area Types............................................................................................................................................................... 525
Networks and Neighbors......................................................................................................................................... 526
Router Types............................................................................................................................................................526
Link-State Advertisements (LSAs)........................................................................................................................... 528
Router Priority and Cost.......................................................................................................................................... 529
OSPF with the Dell Networking OS............................................................................................................................... 530
Graceful Restart....................................................................................................................................................... 531
Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only).................................................................................................................. 532
Multi-Process OSPFv2 (IPv4 only).......................................................................................................................... 532
RFC-2328 Compliant OSPF Flooding....................................................................................................................... 532
OSPF ACK Packing..................................................................................................................................................533
Setting OSPF Adjacency with Cisco Routers........................................................................................................... 533
Conguration Information.............................................................................................................................................. 534
Conguration Task List for OSPFv2 (OSPF for IPv4)...............................................................................................534
Troubleshooting OSPFv2......................................................................................................................................... 546
Conguration Task List for OSPFv3 (OSPF for IPv6).....................................................................................................549
Enabling IPv6 Unicast Routing................................................................................................................................. 549
Assigning IPv6 Addresses on an Interface................................................................................................................550
Assigning Area ID on an Interface.............................................................................................................................550
Assigning OSPFv3 Process ID and Router ID Globally..............................................................................................550
Conguring Stub Areas.............................................................................................................................................551
Conguring Passive-Interface...................................................................................................................................551
Redistributing Routes............................................................................................................................................... 551
Conguring a Default Route.....................................................................................................................................552
Enabling OSPFv3 Graceful Restart.......................................................................................................................... 552
Displaying Graceful Restart......................................................................................................................................553
OSPFv3 Authentication Using IPsec........................................................................................................................554
36 Policy-based Routing (PBR)..................................................................................... 562
Overview....................................................................................................................................................................... 562
Implementing Policy-based Routing with Dell Networking OS........................................................................................563
Conguration Task List for Policy-based Routing........................................................................................................... 564
PBR Exceptions (Permit).........................................................................................................................................566
Sample Conguration.....................................................................................................................................................568
Create the Redirect-List GOLDAssign Redirect-List GOLD to Interface 2/11View Redirect-List GOLD....................569
37 PIM Sparse-Mode (PIM-SM).................................................................................... 573
Implementation Information............................................................................................................................................573
Protocol Overview..........................................................................................................................................................573
Requesting Multicast Trac.....................................................................................................................................573
Refuse Multicast Trac............................................................................................................................................574
Send Multicast Trac...............................................................................................................................................574
19
Conguring PIM-SM...................................................................................................................................................... 574
Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 575
Enable PIM-SM..............................................................................................................................................................575
Conguring S,G Expiry Timers........................................................................................................................................576
Conguring a Static Rendezvous Point...........................................................................................................................577
Overriding Bootstrap Router Updates...................................................................................................................... 577
Conguring a Designated Router....................................................................................................................................578
Creating Multicast Boundaries and Domains.................................................................................................................. 578
Enabling PIM-SM Graceful Restart................................................................................................................................ 578
38 PIM Source-Specic Mode (PIM-SSM)....................................................................579
Congure PIM-SMM......................................................................................................................................................579
Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 579
Implementation Information............................................................................................................................................579
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................ 579
Enabling PIM-SSM.........................................................................................................................................................580
Use PIM-SSM with IGMP Version 2 Hosts.................................................................................................................... 580
Conguring PIM-SSM with IGMPv2........................................................................................................................580
39 Port Monitoring.........................................................................................................582
Important Points to Remember......................................................................................................................................582
Conguring Port Monitoring...........................................................................................................................................583
Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring....................................................................................................................................584
Remote Port Mirroring................................................................................................................................................... 585
Remote Port Mirroring Example...............................................................................................................................585
Conguring Remote Port Mirroring..........................................................................................................................586
Displaying Remote-Port Mirroring Congurations.....................................................................................................587
Conguring the Sample Remote Port Mirroring....................................................................................................... 588
Conguring the Encapsulated Remote Port Mirroring.....................................................................................................591
Conguration steps for ERPM ................................................................................................................................. 591
ERPM Behavior on a typical Dell Networking OS .......................................................................................................... 592
Decapsulation of ERPM packets at the Destination IP/ Analyzer............................................................................. 592
40 Private VLANs (PVLAN)........................................................................................... 594
Private VLAN Concepts.................................................................................................................................................594
Using the Private VLAN Commands........................................................................................................................ 595
Conguration Task List.............................................................................................................................................596
Private VLAN Conguration Example.......................................................................................................................599
41 Per-VLAN Spanning Tree Plus (PVST+)..................................................................... 603
Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 603
Implementation Information..................................................................................................................................... 604
Congure Per-VLAN Spanning Tree Plus....................................................................................................................... 604
Related Conguration Tasks.....................................................................................................................................604
Enabling PVST+............................................................................................................................................................. 604
Disabling PVST+.............................................................................................................................................................604
20
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