NEC Computer Hardware PD789488 User manual

User’s Manual

µ

PD789488

µ

PD789489

µ

PD78F9488

µ

PD78F9489

µ

PD789489 Subseries

8-Bit Single-Chip Microcontrollers

Printed in Japan

Document No. U15331EJ4V1UD00 (4th edition)

Date Published July 2005 NS CP(K)

©

2 User’s Manual U15331EJ4V1UD

[MEMO]

User’s Manual U15331EJ4V1UD 3

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VOLTAGE APPLICATION WAVEFORM AT INPUT PIN

Waveform distortion due to input noise or a reflected wave may cause malfunction. If the input of the

CMOS device stays in the area between V

IL (MAX) and VIH (MIN) due to noise, etc., the device may

malfunction. Take care to prevent chattering noise from entering the device when the input level is fixed,

and also in the transition period when the input level passes through the area between V

IL (MAX) and

V

IH (MIN).

HANDLING OF UNUSED INPUT PINS

Unconnected CMOS device inputs can be cause of malfunction. If an input pin is unconnected, it is

possible that an internal input level may be generated due to noise, etc., causing malfunction. CMOS

devices behave differently than Bipolar or NMOS devices. Input levels of CMOS devices must be fixed

high or low by using pull-up or pull-down circuitry. Each unused pin should be connected to V

DD or GND

via a resistor if there is a possibility that it will be an output pin. All handling related to unused pins must

be judged separately for each device and according to related specifications governing the device.

PRECAUTION AGAINST ESD

A strong electric field, when exposed to a MOS device, can cause destruction of the gate oxide and

ultimately degrade the device operation. Steps must be taken to stop generation of static electricity as

much as possible, and quickly dissipate it when it has occurred. Environmental control must be

adequate. When it is dry, a humidifier should be used. It is recommended to avoid using insulators that

easily build up static electricity. Semiconductor devices must be stored and transported in an anti-static

container, static shielding bag or conductive material. All test and measurement tools including work

benches and floors should be grounded. The operator should be grounded using a wrist strap.

Semiconductor devices must not be touched with bare hands. Similar precautions need to be taken for

PW boards with mounted semiconductor devices.

STATUS BEFORE INITIALIZATION

Power-on does not necessarily define the initial status of a MOS device. Immediately after the power

source is turned ON, devices with reset functions have not yet been initialized. Hence, power-on does

not guarantee output pin levels, I/O settings or contents of registers. A device is not initialized until the

reset signal is received. A reset operation must be executed immediately after power-on for devices

with reset functions.

POWER ON/OFF SEQUENCE

In the case of a device that uses different power supplies for the internal operation and external

interface, as a rule, switch on the external power supply after switching on the internal power supply.

When switching the power supply off, as a rule, switch off the external power supply and then the

internal power supply. Use of the reverse power on/off sequences may result in the application of an

overvoltage to the internal elements of the device, causing malfunction and degradation of internal

elements due to the passage of an abnormal current.

The correct power on/off sequence must be judged separately for each device and according to related

specifications governing the device.

INPUT OF SIGNAL DURING POWER OFF STATE

Do not input signals or an I/O pull-up power supply while the device is not powered. The current

injection that results from input of such a signal or I/O pull-up power supply may cause malfunction and

the abnormal current that passes in the device at this time may cause degradation of internal elements.

Input of signals during the power off state must be judged separately for each device and according to

related specifications governing the device.

NOTES FOR CMOS DEVICES

5

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4 User’s Manual U15331EJ4V1UD

EEPROM and FIP are trademarks of NEC Electronics Corporation.

Windows and Windows NT are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the

United States and/or other countries.

PC/AT is a trademark of International Business Machines Corporation.

HP9000 series 700 and HP-UX are trademarks of Hewlett-Packard Company.

SPARCstation is a trademark of SPARC International, Inc.

Solaris and SunOS are trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc.

These commodities, technology or software, must be exported in accordance

with the export administration regulations of the exporting country.

Diversion contrary to the law of that country is prohibited.

User’s Manual U15331EJ4V1UD 5

The information in this document is current as of July, 2005. The information is subject to change

without notice. For actual design-in, refer to the latest publications of NEC Electronics data sheets or

data books, etc., for the most up-to-date specifications of NEC Electronics products. Not all

products and/or types are available in every country. Please check with an NEC Electronics sales

representative for availability and additional information.

No part of this document may be copied or reproduced in any form or by any means without the prior

written consent of NEC Electronics. NEC Electronics assumes no responsibility for any errors that may

appear in this document.

NEC Electronics does not assume any liability for infringement of patents, copyrights or other intellectual

property rights of third parties by or arising from the use of NEC Electronics products listed in this document

or any other liability arising from the use of such products. No license, express, implied or otherwise, is

granted under any patents, copyrights or other intellectual property rights of NEC Electronics or others.

Descriptions of circuits, software and other related information in this document are provided for illustrative

purposes in semiconductor product operation and application examples. The incorporation of these

circuits, software and information in the design of a customer's equipment shall be done under the full

responsibility of the customer. NEC Electronics assumes no responsibility for any losses incurred by

customers or third parties arising from the use of these circuits, software and information.

While NEC Electronics endeavors to enhance the quality, reliability and safety of NEC Electronics products,

customers agree and acknowledge that the possibility of defects thereof cannot be eliminated entirely. To

minimize risks of damage to property or injury (including death) to persons arising from defects in NEC

Electronics products, customers must incorporate sufficient safety measures in their design, such as

redundancy, fire-containment and anti-failure features.

NEC Electronics products are classified into the following three quality grades: "Standard", "Special" and

"Specific".

The "Specific" quality grade applies only to NEC Electronics products developed based on a customer-

designated "quality assurance program" for a specific application. The recommended applications of an NEC

Electronics product depend on its quality grade, as indicated below. Customers must check the quality grade of

each NEC Electronics product before using it in a particular application.

The quality grade of NEC Electronics products is "Standard" unless otherwise expressly specified in NEC

Electronics data sheets or data books, etc. If customers wish to use NEC Electronics products in applications

not intended by NEC Electronics, they must contact an NEC Electronics sales representative in advance to

determine NEC Electronics' willingness to support a given application.

(Note)

•

M8E 02. 11-1

(1)

(2)

"NEC Electronics" as used in this statement means NEC Electronics Corporation and also includes its

majority-owned subsidiaries.

"NEC Electronics products" means any product developed or manufactured by or for NEC Electronics (as

defined above).

Computers, office equipment, communications equipment, test and measurement equipment, audio

and visual equipment, home electronic appliances, machine tools, personal electronic equipment

and industrial robots.

Transportation equipment (automobiles, trains, ships, etc.), traffic control systems, anti-disaster

systems, anti-crime systems, safety equipment and medical equipment (not specifically designed

for life support).

Aircraft, aerospace equipment, submersible repeaters, nuclear reactor control systems, life

support systems and medical equipment for life support, etc.

"Standard":

"Special":

"Specific":

6 User’s Manual U15331EJ4V1UD

Regional Information

•

Device availability

•

Ordering information

•

Product release schedule

•

Availability of related technical literature

•

Development environment specifications (for example, specifications for third-party tools and

components, host computers, power plugs, AC supply voltages, and so forth)

•

Network requirements

In addition, trademarks, registered trademarks, export restrictions, and other legal issues may also vary

from country to country.

[GLOBAL SUPPORT]

http://www.necel.com/en/support/support.html

NEC Electronics America, Inc. (U.S.)

Santa Clara, California

Tel: 408-588-6000

800-366-9782

NEC Electronics Hong Kong Ltd.

Hong Kong

Tel: 2886-9318

NEC Electronics Hong Kong Ltd.

Seoul Branch

Seoul, Korea

Tel: 02-558-3737

NEC Electronics Shanghai Ltd.

Shanghai, P.R. China

Tel: 021-5888-5400

NEC Electronics Taiwan Ltd.

Taipei, Taiwan

Tel: 02-2719-2377

NEC Electronics Singapore Pte. Ltd.

Novena Square, Singapore

Tel: 6253-8311

J05.6

N

EC Electronics (Europe) GmbH

Duesseldorf, Germany

Tel: 0211-65030

•

Sucursal en España

Madrid, Spain

Tel: 091-504 27 87

Vélizy-Villacoublay, France

Tel: 01-30-67 58 00

•

Succursale Française

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Filiale Italiana

Milano, Italy

Tel: 02-66 75 41

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Branch The Netherlands

Eindhoven, The Netherlands

Tel: 040-265 40 10

•

Tyskland Filial

Taeby, Sweden

Tel: 08-63 87 200

•

United Kingdom Branch

Milton Keynes, UK

Tel: 01908-691-133

Some information contained in this document may vary from country to country. Before using any NEC

Electronics product in your application, pIease contact the NEC Electronics office in your country to

obtain a list of authorized representatives and distributors. They will verify:

User’s Manual U15331EJ4V1UD 7

Major Revisions in This Edition

Page Description

Throughout Change of descriptions of

µ

PD789489, 78F9489

• Change of status from under development to development completed

• Change of the subseries name to “

µ

PD789489 subseries”

pp.31 to 33 Update of 1.5 78K/0S Series Lineup to latest version

p.123 Modification of Figure 7-2 Block Diagram of Timer 50

p.124 Modification of Figure 7-3 Block Diagram of Timer 60

Modification of Figure 7-5 Block Diagram of Output control circuit (Timer 60) p.126

Addition of descriptions in 7.2 (2) 8-bit compare register 60

p.127 Addition of descriptions in 7.2 (4) 8-bit H width compare registers 60 and 61

p.136 Modification of Figure 7-11 8-bit Timing of Interval Timer Operation with 8-Bit Resolution (Basic Operation)

p.137 Modification of Figure 7-13. Timing of Interval Timer Operation with 8-Bit Resolution (When CRnm Is Set to

FFH)

p.140 Modification of Figure 7-17. Timing of Operation of External Event Counter with 8-Bit Resolution

p.150 Addition of descriptions of setting sequence in 7.4.3 Operation as carrier generator

p.151 Modification of Figure 7-22. Timing of Carrier Generator Operation (When CR60 = N, CRH60 = M (M > N))

p.152 Modification of Figure 7-23. Timing of Carrier Generator Operation (When CR60 = N, CRH60 = M (M < N))

p.153 Modification of Figure 7-24. Timing of Carrier Generator Operation (When CR60 = CRH60 = N)

pp.154 to

157

Modification of the mode name in 7.4.4 PWM output mode operation (timer 50)

pp.158, 159 Modification of the mode name in 7.4.5 PPG output mode operation (timer 60 and 61)

p.160 Modification of (1) Error on starting timer in 7.5 Cautions on Using 8-Bit Timers 50, 60, and 61

p.174 Modification of Figure 10-1. Block Diagram of 10-bit A/D converter

p.182 Modification of (1) Current consumption in standby mode in 10.5 Cautions Related to 10-Bit A/D Converter

p.187 Modification of Figure 11-1. Block Diagram of Serial Interface 20

p.190 Addition of Caution in Figure 11-3 Format of Serial Operation Mode Register 20

p.194 Modification of Cautions in Figure 11-6 Format of Baud Rate Generator Control Register 20

pp.195, 203 Modification of Caution in Table 11-3 and 11-5. Example of Relationship Between System Clock and Baud

Rate

p.222 Modification of descriptions in Figure 12-4. Format of Automatic Data Transmit/Receive Interval

Specification Register 0

pp.342 to

361

Addition of formal specifications of

µ

PD789489 and 78F9489 in CHAPTER 22 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS

(

µ

PD789488, 78F9488, 789489, 78F9489)

pp.366, 367 Addition of recommended conditions for

µ

PD789489 and 78F9489 in CHAPTER 25 RECOMMENDED

SOLDERING CONDITIONS

Major Revisions in Modified Edition (U15331EJ4V1UD00)

Throughout Addition of the lead-free products

pp.254, 257 Modification of descriptions of the voltage boost wait time in CHAPTER 13 LCD CONTROLLER/DRIVER

pp.328 Modification of Figure 19-9. Wiring Example for Flash Writing Adapter with 3-Wire Serial I/O with

Handshake

The mark shows major revised points.

8 User’s Manual U15331EJ4V1UD

INTRODUCTION

Target Readers This manual is intended for user engineers who wish to understand the functions of

the

µ

PD789489 Subseries and design and develop application systems and programs

for these devices.

Target products:

•

µ

PD789489 Subseries:

µ

PD789488, 789489, 78F9488, 78F9489

Purpose This manual is intended to give users an understanding of the functions described in

the Organization below.

Organization Two manuals are available for the

µ

PD789489 Subseries:

This manual and the instruction manual (common to the 78K/0S Series).

µ

PD789489 Subseries

User’s Manual

78K/0S Series

User’s Manual

Instructions

• Pin functions

• Internal block functions

• Interrupts

• Other on-chip peripheral functions

• Electrical specifications

• CPU function

• Instruction set

• Instruction description

How to Use This Manual It is assumed that the readers of this manual have general knowledge of electrical

engineering, logic circuits, and microcontrollers.

• To understand the overall functions of the

µ

PD789489 Subseries

→ Read this manual in the order of the CONTENTS.

• How to read register formats

→ The name of a bit whose number is enclosed with <> is reserved in the

assembler and is defined as an sfr variable by the #pragma sfr directive for the

C compiler.

• To learn the detailed functions of a register whose register name is known

→ See APPENDIX C REGISTER INDEX.

• To learn the details of the instruction functions of the 78K/0S series

→ Refer to 78K/0S Series Instructions User’s Manual (U11047E) separately

available.

• To learn about the electrical specifications of the

µ

PD789489 Subseries

→ Refer to CHAPTER 22 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (

µ

PD789488,

78F9488, 789489, 78F9489)

User’s Manual U15331EJ4V1UD 9

Conventions Data significance: Higher digits on the left and lower digits on the right

Active low representation: xxx (overscore over pin or signal name)

Note: Footnote for item marked with Note in the text

Caution: Information requiring particular attention

Remark: Supplementary information

Numerical representation: Binary ... xxxx or xxxxB

Decimal ... xxxx

Hexadecimal ... xxxxH

Related Documents The related documents indicated in this publication may include preliminary versions.

However, preliminary versions are not marked as such.

Documents Related to Devices

Document Name Document No.

µ

PD789489 Subseries User’s Manual This manual

78K/0S Series Instructions User’s Manual U11047E

Documents Related to Development Software Tools (User’s Manuals)

Document Name Document No.

Operation U17391E

Language U17390E

RA78K0S Assembler Package

Structured Assembly Language U17389E

Operation U16654E CC78K0S C Compiler

Language U16655E

Operation U17246E SM+ System Simulator

User Open Interface U17247E

Operation U16768E SM78K Series Ver. 2.52 System Simulator

External Part User Open Interface Specification U15802E

ID78K0S-NS Ver. 2.52 Integrated Debugger Operation U16584E

PM plus Ver.5.20 U16934E

Documents Related to Development Tools (Hardware) (User’s Manuals)

Document Name Document No.

IE-78K0S-NS In-Circuit Emulator U13549E

IE-78K0S-NS-A In-Circuit Emulator U15207E

IE-789488-NS-EM1 Emulation Board U16492E

Caution The related documents listed above are subject to change without notice. Be sure to use the latest

version of each document for designing.

10 User’s Manual U15331EJ4V1UD

Documents Related to Flash Memory Writing

Document Name Document No.

PG-FP3 Flash Memory Programmer User’s Manual U13502E

PG-FP4 Flash Memory Programmer User’s Manual U15260E

Other Related Documents

Document Name Document No.

SEMICONDUCTOR SELECTION GUIDE - Products and Packages - X13769X

Semiconductor Device Mount Manual Note

Quality Grades on NEC Semiconductor Devices C11531E

NEC Semiconductor Device Reliability/Quality Control System C10983E

Guide to Prevent Damage for Semiconductor Devices by Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) C11892E

Note See the “Semiconductor Device Mount Manual” website (http://www.necel.com/pkg/en/mount/index.html)

Caution The related documents listed above are subject to change without notice. Be sure to use the

latest version of each document for designing.

User’s Manual U15331EJ4V1UD 11

CONTENTS

CHAPTER 1 GENERAL .......................................................................................................................... 26

1.1 Features ......................................................................................................................................26

1.2 Applications ...............................................................................................................................26

1.3 Ordering Information ................................................................................................................. 27

1.4 Pin Configuration (Top View) ................................................................................................... 28

1.5 78K/0S Series Lineup ................................................................................................................31

1.6 Block Diagram............................................................................................................................34

1.7 Overview of Functions .............................................................................................................. 35

CHAPTER 2 PIN FUNCTIONS............................................................................................................... 37

2.1 List of Pin Functions .................................................................................................................37

2.2 Description of Pin Functions....................................................................................................40

2.2.1 P00 to P07 (Port 0) ....................................................................................................................... 40

2.2.2 P10, P11 (Port 1) .......................................................................................................................... 40

2.2.3 P20 to P25 (Port 2) ....................................................................................................................... 40

2.2.4 P30 to P34 (Port 3) ....................................................................................................................... 41

2.2.5 P50 to P53 (Port 5) ....................................................................................................................... 41

2.2.6 P60 to P67 (Port 6) ....................................................................................................................... 42

2.2.7 P70 to P73 (Port 7) ....................................................................................................................... 42

2.2.8 P80 to P87 (Port 8) ....................................................................................................................... 42

2.2.9 S0 to S27 ...................................................................................................................................... 42

2.2.10 COM0 to COM3 ............................................................................................................................ 42

2.2.11 V

LC0 to VLC2 ................................................................................................................................... 42

2.2.12 CAPH, CAPL................................................................................................................................. 42

2.2.13 RESET.......................................................................................................................................... 43

2.2.14 X1, X2 ........................................................................................................................................... 43

2.2.15 XT1, XT2....................................................................................................................................... 43

2.2.16 AV

DD.............................................................................................................................................. 43

2.2.17 AV

SS .............................................................................................................................................. 43

2.2.18 V

DD ................................................................................................................................................ 43

2.2.19 V

SS ................................................................................................................................................ 43

2.2.20 V

PP (flash memory version only).................................................................................................... 43

2.2.21 IC0 (mask ROM version only) ....................................................................................................... 44

2.3 Pin I/O Circuits and Recommended Connection of Unused Pins ........................................45

CHAPTER 3 CPU ARCHITECTURE......................................................................................................48

3.1 Memory Space............................................................................................................................48

3.1.1 Internal program memory space ................................................................................................... 52

3.1.2 Internal data memory space.......................................................................................................... 53

3.1.3 Special function register (SFR) area ............................................................................................. 53

12 User’s Manual U15331EJ4V1UD

3.1.4 Data memory addressing ..............................................................................................................54

3.2 Processor Registers ..................................................................................................................58

3.2.1 Control registers............................................................................................................................58

3.2.2 General-purpose registers.............................................................................................................61

3.2.3 Special function registers (SFRs).................................................................................................. 62

3.3 Instruction Address Addressing ..............................................................................................66

3.3.1 Relative addressing.......................................................................................................................66

3.3.2 Immediate addressing................................................................................................................... 67

3.3.3 Table indirect addressing ..............................................................................................................68

3.3.4 Register addressing ......................................................................................................................68

3.4 Operand Address Addressing ..................................................................................................69

3.4.1 Direct addressing .......................................................................................................................... 69

3.4.2 Short direct addressing .................................................................................................................70

3.4.3 Special function register (SFR) addressing ...................................................................................71

3.4.4 Register addressing ......................................................................................................................72

3.4.5 Register indirect addressing.......................................................................................................... 73

3.4.6 Based addressing ......................................................................................................................... 74

3.4.7 Stack addressing........................................................................................................................... 74

CHAPTER 4 PORT FUNCTIONS ...........................................................................................................75

4.1 Port Functions............................................................................................................................75

4.2 Port Configuration .....................................................................................................................76

4.2.1 Port 0 ............................................................................................................................................ 77

4.2.2 Port 1 ............................................................................................................................................ 78

4.2.3 Port 2 ............................................................................................................................................ 79

4.2.4 Port 3 ............................................................................................................................................ 84

4.2.5 Port 5 ............................................................................................................................................ 86

4.2.6 Port 6 ............................................................................................................................................ 87

4.2.7 Port 7 ............................................................................................................................................ 89

4.2.8 Port 8 ............................................................................................................................................ 90

4.3 Registers Controlling Port Function ........................................................................................91

4.4 Port Function Operation............................................................................................................94

4.4.1 Writing to I/O port ..........................................................................................................................94

4.4.2 Reading from I/O port.................................................................................................................... 94

4.4.3 Arithmetic operation of I/O port ..................................................................................................... 94

CHAPTER 5 CLOCK GENERATOR ......................................................................................................95

5.1 Clock Generator Functions.......................................................................................................95

5.2 Clock Generator Configuration ................................................................................................95

5.3 Registers Controlling Clock Generator ...................................................................................98

5.4 System Clock Oscillators........................................................................................................101

5.4.1 Main system clock oscillator........................................................................................................ 101

5.4.2 Subsystem clock oscillator ..........................................................................................................102

5.4.3 Example of incorrect resonator connection ................................................................................. 103

5.4.4 Divider circuit...............................................................................................................................104

User’s Manual U15331EJ4V1UD 13

5.4.5 When subsystem clock is not used ............................................................................................. 104

5.4.6 Subsystem clock ×4 multiplication circuit .................................................................................... 104

5.5 Clock Generator Operation.....................................................................................................105

5.6 Changing Setting of System Clock and CPU Clock .............................................................106

5.6.1 Time required for switching between system clock and CPU clock............................................. 106

5.6.2 Switching between system clock and CPU clock ........................................................................ 107

CHAPTER 6 16-BIT TIMER 20............................................................................................................108

6.1 16-Bit Timer 20 Functions.......................................................................................................108

6.2 16-Bit Timer 20 Configuration ................................................................................................108

6.3 Registers Controlling 16-Bit Timer 20 ...................................................................................110

6.4 16-Bit Timer 20 Operation .......................................................................................................113

6.4.1 Operation as timer interrupt ........................................................................................................ 113

6.4.2 Operation as timer output............................................................................................................ 115

6.4.3 Capture operation ....................................................................................................................... 116

6.4.4 16-bit timer counter 20 readout ................................................................................................... 117

6.5 Cautions on Using 16-Bit Timer 20 ........................................................................................118

6.5.1 Restrictions when rewriting 16-bit compare register 20............................................................... 118

CHAPTER 7 8-BIT TIMERS 50, 60, AND 61 ...................................................................................120

7.1 Functions of 8-Bit Timers 50, 60, and 61 ...............................................................................120

7.2 Configuration of 8-Bit Timers 50, 60, and 61 ........................................................................122

7.3 Control Registers for 8-Bit Timers 50, 60, and 61 ................................................................128

7.4 Operation of 8-Bit Timers 50, 60, and 61 ............................................................................... 134

7.4.1 Operation as 8-bit timer counter.................................................................................................. 134

7.4.2 Operation as 16-bit timer counter................................................................................................ 143

7.4.3 Operation as carrier generator .................................................................................................... 150

7.4.4 PWM output mode operation (timer 50) ...................................................................................... 154

7.4.5 PPG output mode operation (timer 60 and timer 61)................................................................... 158

7.5 Cautions on Using 8-Bit Timers 50, 60, and 61.....................................................................160

CHAPTER 8 WATCH TIMER ...............................................................................................................161

8.1 Watch Timer Functions ...........................................................................................................161

8.2 Configuration of Watch Timer ................................................................................................162

8.3 Control Registers for Watch Timer ........................................................................................163

8.4 Watch Timer Operation ...........................................................................................................165

8.4.1 Operation as watch timer ............................................................................................................ 165

8.4.2 Operation as interval timer .......................................................................................................... 165

CHAPTER 9 WATCHDOG TIMER .......................................................................................................167

9.1 Watchdog Timer Functions ....................................................................................................167

9.2 Watchdog Timer Configuration ..............................................................................................168

9.3 Watchdog Timer Control Registers .......................................................................................169

9.4 Watchdog Timer Operation.....................................................................................................171

14 User’s Manual U15331EJ4V1UD

9.4.1 Operation as watchdog timer ...................................................................................................... 171

9.4.2 Operation as interval timer ..........................................................................................................172

CHAPTER 10 10-BIT A/D CONVERTER ............................................................................................173

10.1 10-Bit A/D Converter Functions..............................................................................................173

10.2 10-Bit A/D Converter Configuration .......................................................................................173

10.3 10-Bit A/D Converter Control Registers ................................................................................176

10.4 10-Bit A/D Converter Operation..............................................................................................178

10.4.1 Basic operation of 10-bit A/D converter....................................................................................... 178

10.4.2 Input voltage and conversion result............................................................................................. 179

10.4.3 Operation mode of 10-bit A/D converter...................................................................................... 181

10.5 Cautions Related to 10-Bit A/D Converter.............................................................................182

CHAPTER 11 SERIAL INTERFACE 20 ..............................................................................................186

11.1 Serial Interface 20 Functions ..................................................................................................186

11.2 Serial Interface 20 Configuration............................................................................................186

11.3 Serial Interface 20 Control Registers.....................................................................................190

11.4 Serial Interface 20 Operation ..................................................................................................197

11.4.1 Operation stop mode................................................................................................................... 197

11.4.2 Asynchronous serial interface (UART) mode ..............................................................................199

11.4.3 3-wire serial I/O mode .................................................................................................................211

CHAPTER 12 SERIAL INTERFACE 1A0 ...........................................................................................216

12.1 Function of Serial Interface 1A0 .............................................................................................216

12.2 Configuration of Serial Interface 1A0.....................................................................................217

12.3 Control Registers for Serial Interface 1A0 ............................................................................219

12.4 Serial Interface 1A0 Operation................................................................................................224

12.4.1 Operation stop mode................................................................................................................... 224

12.4.2 3-wire serial I/O mode .................................................................................................................225

12.4.3 3-wire serial I/O mode with automatic transmit/receive function.................................................. 230

CHAPTER 13 LCD CONTROLLER/DRIVER.......................................................................................250

13.1 LCD Controller/Driver Functions............................................................................................250

13.2 LCD Controller/Driver Configuration .....................................................................................250

13.3 Registers Controlling LCD Controller/Driver ........................................................................253

13.4 Setting LCD Controller/Driver.................................................................................................257

13.5 LCD Display Data Memory ......................................................................................................257

13.6 Common and Segment Signals ..............................................................................................258

13.7 Display Modes ..........................................................................................................................260

13.7.1 Three-time-slice display example................................................................................................260

13.7.2 Four-time-slice display example.................................................................................................. 263

13.8 Supplying LCD Drive Voltages VLC0, VLC1, and VLC2 .............................................................266

CHAPTER 14 MULTIPLIER ..................................................................................................................267

User’s Manual U15331EJ4V1UD 15

14.1 Multiplier Function...................................................................................................................267

14.2 Multiplier Configuration ..........................................................................................................267

14.3 Multiplier Control Register......................................................................................................269

14.4 Multiplier Operation .................................................................................................................270

CHAPTER 15 REMOTE CONTROLLER RECEIVER (

µ

PD789489, 78F9489 ONLY)......................271

15.1 Remote Controller Receiver Functions .................................................................................271

15.2 Remote Controller Receiver Configuration........................................................................... 271

15.3 Registers to Control Remote Controller Receiver................................................................277

15.4 Operation of Remote Controller Receiver ............................................................................. 279

15.4.1 Format of type A reception mode................................................................................................ 279

15.4.2 Operation flow of type A reception mode .................................................................................... 279

15.4.3 Timing ......................................................................................................................................... 281

15.4.4 Compare register setting............................................................................................................. 283

15.4.5 Error interrupt generation timing ................................................................................................. 285

15.4.6 Noise elimination......................................................................................................................... 287

CHAPTER 16 INTERRUPT FUNCTIONS ............................................................................................290

16.1 Interrupt Function Types.........................................................................................................290

16.2 Interrupt Sources and Configuration.....................................................................................290

16.3 Registers Controlling Interrupt Function ..............................................................................294

16.4 Interrupt Servicing Operation .................................................................................................301

16.4.1 Non-maskable interrupt request acknowledgment operation ...................................................... 301

16.4.2 Maskable interrupt request acknowledgment operation .............................................................. 303

16.4.3 Multiple interrupt servicing .......................................................................................................... 304

16.4.4 Putting interrupt requests on hold ............................................................................................... 306

CHAPTER 17 STANDBY FUNCTION..................................................................................................307

17.1 Standby Function and Configuration ....................................................................................307

17.1.1 Standby function ......................................................................................................................... 307

17.1.2 Register controlling standby function .......................................................................................... 308

17.2 Standby Function Operation...................................................................................................309

17.2.1 HALT mode................................................................................................................................. 309

17.2.2 STOP mode ................................................................................................................................ 312

CHAPTER 18 RESET FUNCTION .......................................................................................................315

CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY VERSION .......................................................................................319

19.1 Flash Memory Characteristics................................................................................................320

19.1.1 Programming environment.......................................................................................................... 320

19.1.2 Communication mode ................................................................................................................. 321

19.1.3 On-board pin processing............................................................................................................. 324

19.1.4 Connection of adapter for flash writing........................................................................................ 327

19.2 Cautions on

µ

PD78F9488 and 78F9489 ................................................................................. 330

16 User’s Manual U15331EJ4V1UD

CHAPTER 20 MASK OPTIONS ...........................................................................................................331

CHAPTER 21 INSTRUCTION SET ......................................................................................................332

21.1 Operation ..................................................................................................................................332

21.1.1 Operand identifiers and description methods .............................................................................. 332

21.1.2 Description of “Operation” column............................................................................................... 333

21.1.3 Description of “Flag” column ....................................................................................................... 333

21.2 Operation List...........................................................................................................................334

21.3 Instructions Listed by Addressing Type ...............................................................................339

CHAPTER 22 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (

µ

PD789488, 78F9488, 789489, 78F9489) ..........342

CHAPTER 23 CHARACTERISTICS CURVES OF LCD CONTROLLER/DRIVER ..............................362

CHAPTER 24 PACKAGE DRAWINGS.................................................................................................364

CHAPTER 25 RECOMMENDED SOLDERING CONDITIONS...........................................................366

APPENDIX A DEVELOPMENT TOOLS...............................................................................................369

A.1 Software Package ....................................................................................................................371

A.2 Language Processing Software .............................................................................................371

A.3 Control Software ......................................................................................................................372

A.4 Flash Memory Writing Tools ...................................................................................................372

A.5 Debugging Tools (Hardware)..................................................................................................373

A.6 Debugging Tools (Software) ...................................................................................................374

APPENDIX B NOTES ON TARGET SYSTEM DESIGN ...................................................................375

APPENDIX C REGISTER INDEX .........................................................................................................379

C.1 Register Index (Register Names in Alphabetic Order) .........................................................379

C.2 Register Index (Register Symbols Alphabetic Order) ..........................................................382

APPENDIX D REVISION HISTORY ......................................................................................................385

User’s Manual U15331EJ4V1UD 17

LIST OF FIGURES (1/6)

Figure No. Title Page

2-1 I/O Circuit Types ..........................................................................................................................................46

3-1 Memory Map (

µ

PD789488)..........................................................................................................................48

3-2 Memory Map (

µ

PD78F9488)........................................................................................................................49

3-3 Memory Map (

µ

PD789489)..........................................................................................................................50

3-4 Memory Map (

µ

PD78F9489)........................................................................................................................51

3-5 Data Memory Addressing (

µ

PD789488) ......................................................................................................54

3-6 Data Memory Addressing (

µ

PD78F9488) ....................................................................................................55

3-7 Data Memory Addressing (

µ

PD789489) ......................................................................................................56

3-8 Data Memory Addressing (

µ

PD78F9489) ....................................................................................................57

3-9 Program Counter Configuration ...................................................................................................................58

3-10 Program Status Word Configuration ............................................................................................................58

3-11 Stack Pointer Configuration .........................................................................................................................60

3-12 Data to Be Saved to Stack Memory .............................................................................................................60

3-13 Data to Be Restored from Stack Memory.....................................................................................................60

3-14 General-Purpose Register Configuration .....................................................................................................61

4-1 Port Types....................................................................................................................................................75

4-2 Block Diagram of P00 to P07 .......................................................................................................................77

4-3 Block Diagram of P10 and P11 ....................................................................................................................78

4-4 Block Diagram of P20 ..................................................................................................................................79

4-5 Block Diagram of P21 ..................................................................................................................................80

4-6 Block Diagram of P22 and P25 ....................................................................................................................81

4-7 Block Diagram of P23 ..................................................................................................................................82

4-8 Block Diagram of P24 ..................................................................................................................................83

4-9 Block Diagram of P30 to P33 .......................................................................................................................84

4-10 Block Diagram of P34 ..................................................................................................................................85

4-11 Block Diagram of P50 to P53 .......................................................................................................................86

4-12 Block Diagram of P60 to P67 .......................................................................................................................87

4-13 Block Diagram of P70 to P73 .......................................................................................................................89

4-14 Block Diagram of P80 to P87 .......................................................................................................................90

4-15 Port Mode Register Format..........................................................................................................................91

4-16 Format of Pull-Up Resistor Option Registers ...............................................................................................93

4-17 Port Function Register Format .....................................................................................................................93

5-1 Clock Generator Block Diagram (

µ

PD789488, 789489)...............................................................................96

5-2 Clock Generator Block Diagram (

µ

PD78F9488, 78F9489) ..........................................................................97

5-3 Format of Processor Clock Control Register................................................................................................98

5-4 Format of Subclock Oscillation Mode Register.............................................................................................99

18 User’s Manual U15331EJ4V1UD

LIST OF FIGURES (2/6)

Figure No. Title Page

5-5 Format of Subclock Control Register............................................................................................................99

5-6 Subclock Selection Register Format ..........................................................................................................100

5-7 External Circuit of Main System Clock Oscillator........................................................................................101

5-8 External Circuit of Subsystem Clock Oscillator...........................................................................................102

5-9 Examples of Incorrect Resonator Connection ............................................................................................103

5-10 Switching Between System Clock and CPU Clock.....................................................................................107

6-1 Block Diagram of 16-Bit Timer 20 ..............................................................................................................109

6-2 Format of 16-Bit Timer Mode Control Register 20......................................................................................111

6-3 Format of Port Mode Register 3 .................................................................................................................112

6-4 Settings of 16-Bit Timer Mode Control Register 20 for Timer Interrupt Operation......................................113

6-5 Timing of Timer Interrupt Operation ...........................................................................................................114

6-6 Settings of 16-Bit Timer Mode Control Register 20 for Timer Output Operation ........................................115

6-7 Timer Output Timing ..................................................................................................................................115

6-8 Settings of 16-Bit Timer Mode Control Register 20 for Capture Operation.................................................116

6-9 Capture Operation Timing (with Both Edges of CPT20 Pin Specified) .......................................................116

6-10 16-Bit Timer Counter 20 Readout Timing...................................................................................................117

7-1 Block Diagram of 24-Bit Event Counter......................................................................................................121

7-2 Block Diagram of Timer 50.........................................................................................................................123

7-3 Block Diagram of Timer 60.........................................................................................................................124

7-4 Block Diagram of Timer 61.........................................................................................................................125

7-5 Block Diagram of Output Controller (Timer 60) ..........................................................................................126

7-6 Format of 8-Bit Timer Mode Control Register 50 .......................................................................................128

7-7 Format of 8-Bit Timer Mode Control Register 60........................................................................................130

7-8 Format of Carrier Generator Output Control Register 60 ...........................................................................131

7-9 Format of 8-Bit Timer Mode Control Register 61........................................................................................132

7-10 Format of Port Mode Register 3 .................................................................................................................133

7-11 Timing of Interval Timer Operation with 8-Bit Resolution (Basic Operation)...............................................136

7-12 Timing of Interval Timer Operation with 8-Bit Resolution (When CRnm Is Set to 00H)..............................136

7-13 Timing of Interval Timer Operation with 8-Bit Resolution (When CRnm Is Set to FFH)..............................137

7-14 Timing of Interval Timer Operation with 8-Bit Resolution (When CRnm Changes from N to M (N < M))....137

7-15 Timing of Interval Timer Operation with 8-Bit Resolution (When CRnm Changes from N to M (N > M))....138

7-16 Timing of Interval Timer Operation with 8-Bit Resolution (When Timer 60 Match Signal Is Selected

for Timer 50 Count Clock) ..........................................................................................................................139

7-17 Timing of Operation of External Event Counter with 8-Bit Resolution ........................................................140

7-18 Timing of Square-Wave Output with 8-Bit Resolution ................................................................................142

7-19 Timing of Interval Timer Operation with 16-Bit Resolution .........................................................................145

7-20 Timing of External Event Counter Operation with 16-Bit Resolution ..........................................................147

User’s Manual U15331EJ4V1UD 19

LIST OF FIGURES (3/6)

Figure No. Title Page

7-21 Timing of Square-Wave Output with 16-Bit Resolution ..............................................................................149

7-22 Timing of Carrier Generator Operation (When CR60 = N, CRH60 = M (M > N))........................................151

7-23 Timing of Carrier Generator Operation (When CR60 = N, CRH60 = M (M < N))........................................152

7-24 Timing of Carrier Generator Operation (When CR60 = CRH60 = N) .........................................................153

7-25 Operation Timing in PWM Output Mode (When Rising Edge Is Selected).................................................154

7-26 Operation Timing When Overwriting CR50 (When Rising Edge Is Selected).............................................155

7-27 Operation Timing in PWM Output Mode (When Both Edges Are Selected)...............................................156

7-28 Operation Timing in PWM Output Mode (When Both Edges Are Selected)

(When CR50 Is Overwritten) ......................................................................................................................157

7-29 PPG Output Mode Timing (Basic Operation) .............................................................................................159

7-30 PPG Output Mode Timing (When CR6m and CRH6m Are Overwritten)....................................................159

7-31 Case in Which Error of 1.5 Clocks (Max.) Occurs......................................................................................160

7-32 Timing of Operation as External Event Counter (8-Bit Resolution) ............................................................160

8-1 Block Diagram of Watch Timer ..................................................................................................................161

8-2 Format of Watch Timer Mode Control Register..........................................................................................163

8-3 Format of Watch Timer Interrupt Time Selection Register .........................................................................164

8-4 Watch Timer/Interval Timer Operation Timing ...........................................................................................166

9-1 Block Diagram of Watchdog Timer.............................................................................................................168

9-2 Format of Watchdog Timer Clock Selection Register.................................................................................169

9-3 Format of Watchdog Timer Mode Register ................................................................................................170

10-1 Block Diagram of 10-Bit A/D Converter......................................................................................................174

10-2 Format of A/D Converter Mode Register 0.................................................................................................176

10-3 Format of Analog Input Channel Specification Register 0..........................................................................177

10-4 Basic Operation of 10-Bit A/D Converter....................................................................................................179

10-5 Relationship Between Analog Input Voltage and A/D Conversion Result ..................................................180

10-6 Software-Started A/D Conversion ..............................................................................................................181

10-7 How to Reduce Current Consumption in Standby Mode ............................................................................182

10-8 Conversion Result Read Timing (if Conversion Result Is Undefined) ........................................................183

10-9 Conversion Result Read Timing (if Conversion Result Is Normal) .............................................................183

10-10 Analog Input Pin Handling..........................................................................................................................184

10-11 A/D Conversion End Interrupt Request Generation Timing........................................................................185

10-12 AV

DD Pin Handling......................................................................................................................................185

11-1 Block Diagram of Serial Interface 20..........................................................................................................187

11-2 Bock Diagram of Baud Rate Generator 20.................................................................................................188

11-3 Format of Serial Operation Mode Register 20............................................................................................190

20 User’s Manual U15331EJ4V1UD

LIST OF FIGURES (4/6)

Figure No. Title Page

11-4 Format of Asynchronous Serial Interface Mode Register 20 ......................................................................191

11-5 Format of Asynchronous Serial Interface Status Register 20.....................................................................193

11-6 Format of Baud Rate Generator Control Register 20 .................................................................................194

11-7 Format of Asynchronous Serial Interface Transmit/Receive Data..............................................................204

11-8 Asynchronous Serial Interface Transmission Completion Interrupt Timing ................................................206

11-9 Asynchronous Serial Interface Reception Completion Interrupt Timing .....................................................207

11-10 Receive Error Timing..................................................................................................................................208

11-11 3-Wire Serial I/O Mode Timing...................................................................................................................214

12-1 Block Diagram of Serial Interface 1A0........................................................................................................217

12-2 Format of Serial Operation Mode Register 1A0 .........................................................................................220

12-3 Format of Automatic Data Transmit/Receive Control Register 0................................................................221

12-4 Format of Automatic Data Transmit/Receive Interval Specification Register 0 ..........................................222

12-5 3-Wire Serial I/O Mode Timing ...................................................................................................................227

12-6 Circuit of Switching in Transfer Bit Order ...................................................................................................229

12-7 Basic Transmit/Receive Mode Operation Timing .......................................................................................236

12-8 Basic Transmit/Receive Mode Flowchart ...................................................................................................237

12-9 Buffer RAM Operation in 6-Byte Transmission/Reception (in Basic Transmit/Receive Mode) ..................238

12-10 Basic Transmit Mode Operation Timing .....................................................................................................240

12-11 Basic Transmit Mode Flowchart .................................................................................................................241

12-12 Buffer RAM Operation in 6-Byte Transmission (in Basic Transmit Mode) ..................................................242

12-13 Repeat Transmit Mode Operation Timing ..................................................................................................244

12-14 Repeat Transmit Mode Flowchart ..............................................................................................................245

12-15 Buffer RAM Operation in 6-Byte Transmission (in Repeat Transmit Mode) ...............................................246

12-16 Automatic Transmission/Reception Suspension and Restart.....................................................................248

12-17 Interval Time of Automatic Transmission/Reception ..................................................................................249

13-1 Correspondence with LCD Display RAM....................................................................................................251

13-2 LCD Controller/Driver Block Diagram.........................................................................................................252

13-3 Format of LCD Display Mode Register 0....................................................................................................254

13-4 Format of LCD Clock Control Register 0 ....................................................................................................255

13-5 Format of LCD Voltage Boost Control Register 0.......................................................................................256

13-6 Relationship Between LCD Display Data Memory Contents and Segment/Common Outputs

(When Using S16 to S27)...........................................................................................................................257

13-7 Common Signal Waveforms.......................................................................................................................259

13-8 Voltages and Phases of Common and Segment Signals ...........................................................................259

13-9 Three-Time-Slice LCD Display Pattern and Electrode Connections...........................................................260

13-10 Example of Connecting Three-Time-Slice LCD Panel................................................................................261

13-11 Three-Time-Slice LCD Drive Waveform Examples (1/3 Bias Method) .......................................................262

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