POSITIVE JAMMING CARRIER
SCRAMBLING SYSTEM
MODEL--EE-2002
INSTALLATION MANUAL
WRITTEN BY: DALE MARLAND
PREPARED BY: PATRICK M. CONWAY
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0--GENERAL DESCRIPTION
2.0--FRONT PANEL DESCRIPTION
· 2.1--A Quick Look at the Factory Settings
· 2.2--Modulation Control
· 2.3--Power Control
· 2.4--Carrier Control
· 2.5--Front Panel Indicators
3.0--REAR PANEL DESCRIPTION
· 3.1--A Quick Look At The Factory Settings
· 3.2--Powering
· 3.3--Pre-emphasis Loop
· 3.4--Jamming Carrier Loop
4.0--INSTALLATION AND SET-UP
· 4.1--Rack Mounting and Cabling
· 4.2--Pre-emphasis Loop set up
· 4.3--Jamming Carrier Loop set up
· 4.4--Jamming Carrier Modulation set up
· 4.5--Jamming Carrier Power and External control
5.0--OPERATIONAL CHECK
· 5.1--Distortions Within the Decoded Channel
· 5.2--Distortions Outside the Encoded Channel
6.0--APPLICATION NOTES
· 6.1--MMDS Operation (Single Jamming Carrier Operation)
· 6.2--SMATV Operation (One Encoder for Many Channels)
7.0--SPECIFICATIONS
DIAGRAMS
· Fig. 1 Front Panel
· Fig. 2 Front Panel - Close-up Detail
· Fig. 3 Rear Panel Detail
· Fig. 4 Cabling Diagram for the EE-2002 Encoder
SECTION 1.0 GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The EAGLE EE-2002 Positive Encoder is a state of the art, third
generation, positive scrambling system intended to encode a Television
channel for transmission over todays communication networks. The
encoder utilizes two individual jamming carriers, spaced 50 kHz apart ,
centered within the channels passband to prevent reception of the visual
and aural content. At an authorized subscribers network connection a
passive decoding filter restores the channel by removing the jamming
carriers.
During the course of this installation manual each section will refer you
to a figure , and each step will have the individual control within brackets
[ ] which will correspond to the control depicted on the figure. The terms
CW and CCW refer to the clockwise or counter clockwise , respectively ,
rotation of an adjustment control. Individual switch positions within a
particular Dip Switch will be referred to as a hyphenated number attached
to the Dip Switch letter (example: Dip Switch A, switch position 3, would
be switch A-3).
SECTION 2.0 FRONT PANEL DESCRIPTION
During the course of this installation manual each section The front
panel (see figure 1) has controls which are exposed by loosening the two
Phillips screws holding the smoked access door and lifting the doors left
corner and sliding it to the left. (figure 2 shows a close-up view of the
controls section)
Figure 1
Figure 2
2.1 A Quick Look At The Factory Settings
Dip Switch A [ 1 ] --- Modulation
· A-1 -- 1.5
kHz........................OFF
· A-2 -- Combined Positive..............ON
· A-3 -- 10
Hz..........................OFF
·
A-4 -- Combined
Negative..............OFF
Dip Switch B [ 2 ] ---Power
· B-1 --
External.......................OFF
·
B-2 -- Master.........................ON
· B-3 -- Oscillator
Level...............OFF
· B-4 -- Not Used
Dip Switch C [ 3 ] ---Carrier Control
· C-1 -- Carrier 1 On/Off...............ON
· C-2 -- Carrier 1
Modulation...........OFF
· C-3 -- Carrier 2 On/Off...............ON
· C-4 -- Carrier 2 Modulation...........ON
LEDs [ 4 ]. [ 5 ], [ 6 ], [ 7 ] & [ 8 ]
· Power.................................On
upon power up
·
Jamming Carrier 1 ON..................On
upon power up
· Jamming Carrier 1
MOD.................Flashing upon power
up
· Jamming Carrier 2 ON..................On
upon power up
· Jamming Carrier 2
MOD.................OFF
2.2 Modulation Control - Dip Switch A [ 1 ]
Dip Switch A is the first 4 position switch on the left viewable through
the front panel access . Only one of these switches should be on, as they
control which of the four available types of modulation is routed to the
carrier control switches. Switch A-1, when ON delivers a 1.50 kHz
continuous tone to the Carrier Modulation switches.
Switch A-3, when ON , delivers a 10 Hz tone. Switch A-2 and A-4
combines the two continuous tones into a complex multi-tone signals
,Combined Positive and Combined Negative respectively.
2.3 Power Control - Dip Switch B [ 2 ]
Dip Switch B is the middle 4 position switch viewable through the front
panel access. In the ON state Switch B-1 transfers control of the jamming
carrier activation to the miniature phono jack on the rear panel labeled
EXT. The jack is a two conductor version, and shorting the conductors
together with a timer or relay will activate the jamming carriers.
Switch B-2 is the Master power switch for the jamming carriers and
will over-ride the off , or open , state of the External jack allowing
immediate front panel activation. Switch B-3 is used to control the output
level range of the jamming carriers. In the OFF state the range is from
approximately +20 dBmV to +40 dBmV. In the ON state the range is
shifted to +30 dBmV to +50 dBmV. Switch
B-4 is unused at this time.
2.4 Carrier Control - Dip Switch C [ 3 ]
Dip Switch C is the 4 position switch on the right when viewed through
the front panel access . Dip switch C-1 , in the ON state , will power
jamming carrier 1 when either the master power or the external jack
switches are in the ON state . Dip switch C-2 when On will transfer the
selected modulation tone to carrier 1 . Dip switches C-3 and C-4 will
control jamming carrier 2 in the same way as Dip switches C-1 and C-2
respectively control jamming carrier 1.
2.5 Front Panel Indicators
The five LED indicators viewed through the front panel access from
left to right are: LED1 [ 4 ] Power indicator --A steady light when power
is applied to the chassis. LED 2 [ 5 ] Carrier 1 ON indicator -- A steady
light when power is applied to the circuitry for carrier 1. LED 3 [ 6 ]
Carrier 1 Modulation -- A flashing light when modulation is applied to
carrier 1. LED 4 [ 7 ] Carrier 2 ON indicator-- A steady light when power
is applied to the circuitry for carrier 2. LED 5 [ 8 ] A flashing light when
modulation is applied to carrier 2.
3.0 REAR PANEL DESCRIPTION
The rear panel may be divided into three sections , the powering section
on the far right , the pre-emphasis loop in the center , and the jamming
carrier loop on the left. (see figure 3)
Figure 3
3.1 A Quick Look At The Factory Settings
· Stage 1 ........................Fully CW to Maximum
Pre-emphasis
· Stage 2 ........................Fully CW to Maximum
Pre-emphasis
· Carrier Level...................Mid Range
3.2 Powering
The EE-2002 utilizes a universal power entry module [ 9 ] that is
capable of accepting either 115 VAC or 230 VAC at 50 to 60 Hz. The
selected voltage shows through a window on the face of the power entry
module and may be changed by opening the module and rotating the
selector until the correct voltage for your application is present. The fuses
for the power line are also contained within the entry module.
The 3mm phono jack labeled EXT. [ 10 ] accepts a 2 conductor 3mm
plug and may be used to externally activate the jamming carriers. If the
Master Power is in the up (OFF) and Ext. Power switch is down (ON) the
shorting of the two conductors will present power to the jamming carrier
selection switch and activate any selected jamming carriers. Opening the
two conductors will deactivate any jamming carriers.
3.3 Pre-Emphasis Loop
The Pre-Emphasis Loop has an IF Input [ 11 ], an IF output connector [
12 ], and two potentiometer controlled stages of pre-emphasis. The pre-
emphasis added to the IF signal helps to counter the effect of the loss to
video resolution that occurs when the decoding filter is placed in an
authorized subscribers signal drop. Stage 1 [ 13 ] has the capability of
adding approximately 15 dB of pre-emphasis to the center of the channels
bandwidth. The second stage (Stage 2 [ 14 ]) has the capability of
approximately 15 dB of pre-emphasis with group delay compensation by
altering the vestigial sideband shaping. The two stage variable approach
allows the system to better match the decoding filters loss and delay
characteristics on a per channel basis.
3.4 Jamming Carrier Loop
The jamming carrier loop has an IF Input [ 15 ] , an IF Output [ 16 ] ,
and one variable Bridged T Attenuator labeled Carrier Level [ 17 ]. The
jamming carrier loop will combine the activated jamming carriers into the
IF passband with their amplitude being varied with the carrier level
control.
4.0 INSTALLATION AND SET UP
The following installation and alignment procedure assumes that the
EE-2002 is being installed into a traditional CATV headend. For alternate
signal delivery technologies see section 6.0 APPLICATION NOTES.
4.1 Rack Mounting And Cabling
The EE-2002 is a 19 inch wide rack mount device that consumes 1/2 of
a traditional rack space height or 1.75 inches . The encoder should be
mounted near the modulator of the channel to be encoded.
Prior to connecting the EE-2002 into the modulators IF Loop the
Modulator and Video source should connected and aligned to the
manufactures specifications.(See Fig. 3, page 7 and Fig. 4, page 9A for
reference on the following connections) Screw the 6ELP-3 filter onto the
Pre-Emphasis In connector (Item 11). Now connect a section of cable
from the 6ELP-3 to the modulator's IF output.
The Pre-emphasis Loop Out (Item 12) must then be cabled to the
Jamming Carrier Loop In (Item 15). The Jamming Carrier Loop Out (Item
16) should then be cabled to the modulator's IF Input. Insure that the rear
panel Power Entry Module (Item 9) has the correct voltage setting for the
installation site and then attach the power cable to the unit. Initially check
that the Front Panel Indicators display per section 2.5 of this manual.
Cabling Diagram For the EE-2002 Encoder
Figure 4
Cabling Your EE2002:
1. Place the 6ELP-3 on the IN connector (11) of the Pre-
Emphasis of the EE-2002.
2. Connect a coax cable leading from the OUT connector
of the IF loop on your modulator to the 6ELP-3 which is
connected to the Pre-Emphasis IN (11).
3. Connect a coax cable leading from the IN connector of
the IF loop on your modulator to the OUT connector of the
Jamming Carrier (16).
4. Connect a coax cable leading from the Pre-Emphasis
OUT (12) to the Jamming carrier IN (15).
4.2 Pre-emphasis Loop Set Up
Turn the master power switch (Switch B-2) into the up or off state to
turn off the jamming carriers. (Note that LED 2 and 4 extinguish)
Utilizing a good quality Television Receiver, or a demodulator and
waveform monitor viewing VITS signals, place a decoding filter between
the modulators RF output and the TVs or demodulators input. Align the
Stage 1 and / or the Stage 2 pre-emphasis controls to achieve the sharpest
picture or in the case of the waveform monitor the best VITS restoration.
Once you have achieved the best quality picture with a decoding filter
in the receive path note the Stage 1 and Stage 2 adjustment positions
relative to the graduated marks on the rear panel for future reference.
4.3 Jamming Carrier Loop Set Up
Turn the master power switch (Switch B-2) into the down or on state to
restore the jamming carriers (Note that LED 2 and 4 return on). Connect a
spectrum analyzer to the modulators RF output without the decoding filter
in the line and note the amplitude of the channels video carrier. Move the
analyzers center frequency to a position that is one half the distance
between the visual and aural carriers. In a system M,N this would be 2.25
MHz above the channels video carrier frequency ( one half of the 4.5 MHz
visual to aural difference ).
Now expand the frequency per division and the video resolution of the
spectrum analyzer to display the two jamming carriers that are 50 kHz
apart. Using the Jamming Carrier Level control adjust the level of the
lower carrier to equal the visual carrier amplitude. If using a field strength
meter as an amplitude measuring device, after turning the master power
switch to its ON state turn the Carrier 2 ON (Switch C-3) to the up or OFF
state and Carrier 1 Modulation (Switch C-2) to the up or OFF state to
deliver only 1 unmodulated carrier to the modulators IF loop. (Note that
LED 3,4, and 5 are off)
Tune the field strength meter to the visual carrier frequency and note its
amplitude, then tune the field strength meter to the frequency that is one
half of the difference between the visual and aural carriers of this channel
(2.25 MHz above the visual carriers frequency in a M,N system) and
adjust the Jamming Carrier Level control to match the amplitude noted for
the visual carrier frequency. Restore the Carrier 1 Modulation Switch and
the Carrier 2 On switch to the On or down position.
4.4 Jamming Carrier Modulation Set Up
The factory set modulation is Switch A-2 On to supply the carrier
modulation switches with a 1.5 kHz tone which is gated off to a high level
at the 10 Hz rate. The other 3 switches, A-1, A-3 ,and A-4 will deliver to
the carrier modulation control switches a 1.5 kHz continuous tone, a 10 Hz
continuous tone , or a complex modulation of a 1.5 kHz tone gated to a
low state at the 10 Hz rate, respectively. Any of these may be used as a
modulation source, each with its own characteristics.
Both jamming carriers have the ability to be modulated or left in its
unmodulated state by the Carrier Modulation switches (Switches C-2 and
C-4). This is useful when measuring for FCC frequency compliance as an
unmodulated carrier is easier to inject into a frequency counter.
4.5 Jamming Carrier Power and External Control
The presence of the jamming carriers may be controlled in three
manners. The first is individual control by the use of the Carrier On
switches (Switch C-1 and C-3 down for that carrier ON).
The second is with the Master Control Switch (Switch B-2 down for
power to the Carrier ON Switches) . This switch will control any of the
jamming carriers selected for control by the Carrier On switches.
The third manner of control is through the use of the External Control
Switch ( Switch B-1 Down for transfer to the rear panel if the Master
Switch is up) which will transfer the control of any jamming carriers
selected for activation by the Carrier On switches to a jack on the rear
panel of the EE-2002 chassis. Shorting the conductors of the rear panel
jack will activate any selected jamming carriers.
5.0 OPERATIONAL CHECK
Two methods of operational check are available depending upon
equipment availability. The encoded channel should be combined into the
distribution network and a good quality Television Receiver or a Spectrum
Analyzer may be employed to view the encoded and decoded channels
appearance.
5.1 Distortions Within the Decoded Channel
If after placing the decoding filter into the drop path a distortion is
viewable (normally in the form of diagonal bars or stripes) recheck the
level of the jamming carriers relative to the visual carrier . If the levels are
correct you may assume that the distortion is occurring within the
modulator.
This distortion is normally due to the additional energy presented to the
output mixer of the modulator due to the addition of the jamming carriers.
A 6 dB pad between the Jamming Carrier Loop output of the EE-2002 and
the IF input of the modulator will usually lower the overall power
presented to the output mixer of the modulator sufficiently to prevent the
distortion.
The same effect may be viewed upon a spectrum analyzer that is
displaying the entire channels output bandwidth and looking for Spurs
which present themselves only with the inclusion of the jamming carriers.
5.2 Distortions Outside the Encoded Channel
In some cases the distortions generated by the output mixer of the
modulator are of sufficient magnitude as to affect other channels within
the system. The same remedy as implemented above will return the
modulator to a clean output.
There is one instance where the distortion is not generated by the
marriage of the EE-2002 to the modulator. This is where the distortion is
formed within the Television Receiver itself. You can easily distinguish
this distortion from others due to the fact that it occurs only in a non-
subscriber, and the placement of a decoding filter prior to the sets input
will remove the distortion on adjacent channels.
This distortion is occurring due to the fact that the TVs IF filter is
allowing the jamming carriers to blow through to the demodulation
circuitry. The remedy for this problem is the placement of a positive and a
negative filter on that subscribers drop to eliminate the jamming carriers
and notch out the visual carrier to prevent the reception of the channel, or
the placement of a special CV filter for that channel which accomplishes
the same end result by lowering both the jamming carriers and the visual
carrier by approximately 15 dB.
6.0 APPLICATION NOTES
The following application notes cover two alternate technologies for the
delivery of premium channel programming and how they may affect the
traditional set-up of the EE-2002 encoder.
6.1 MMDS Operation ( Single Jamming Carrier Operation )
In an MMDS or single channel microwave delivery technology the
primary transmitter intended to deliver the visual content of the channel
has insufficient output capability to handle the additional energy of the
two jamming carriers. In this case the jamming carrier must be transported
on a separate transmitter operating at the same output frequency.
The IF loop for the primary transmitter should be broken and cabled to
the Pre-emphasis loop , out to in and out to in respectively. The Jamming
Carrier Loop should have its input terminated with 75 ohms and the output
delivered to the secondary transmitters IF input. In this manner the video
information may be pre-emphasized to compensate for the decoding filters
loss and the jamming carriers may be transported over a separate
transmitter, all with one EE-2002.
In addition the unmodulated jamming carrier may be turned off by the
carrier control switch to lower the required secondary transmitters power
capability requirement.
6.2 SMATV Operation ( One Encoder For Many Channels )
In the case of a SMATV or small operator who wishes to secure many
channels in the Low-band or lower Mid-band a single EE-2002 may be
utilized to encode more than one channel.
The highest frequency channel of those intended to be encoded may
make use of the Pre-emphasis Loop Of the EE-2002 and may be
connected as described above, IF out of the modulator to the Pre-emphasis
Loop IN of the EE-2002 and the Pre-emphasis Loop Out of the EE-2002
to the Modulators IF input. Then the Jamming Carrier Loop In of the EE-
2002 should be terminated with 75 ohms and the Jamming Carrier Loop
Out may be split by the desired number of channels to be encoded.
The splitter must have equal losses to each leg and all modulators must
have the same IF Loop levels. Next each modulator would require a two
way splitter, used as a combiner , placed into its IF Loop with the common
of the splitter facing the IF Input. Each splitter would then receive a cable
from the divided Jamming Carrier Loop output inserting the jamming
carriers into each modulators RF output.
7.0 SPECIFICATIONS
POWERING
115 OR 230 VAC 50 T0 60 Hz
PRE-EMPHASIS RESPONSE
Stage 1--Approx. +15 dB of active
continuously variable gain
Stage 2--Approx. 15 dB of passive
continuously variable gain
JAMMING CARRIERS
J.C. 1 J.C. 2 Model (System)
43.475 43.525 System M,N 45.75
43.450 43.500 System M,N offset
35.625 35.675 System D,K,L 38.90
34.725 34.775 System D,K,L 38.00
36.125 36.175 System B,G,H 38.90
35.225 35.275 System B,G,H 38.00
Eagle Comtronics, Inc.
4562 Waterhouse Road
Clay, New York 13041
(315) 622-3402
800 448-7474
FAX (315) 622-3800
Copyright © 2000 Eagle Comtronics, Inc.
All Rights Reserved.
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