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Networking Z9500

Dell Networking Z9500 User guide

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Dell Networking Conguration Guide for the
Z9500 Switch
9.10(0.0)
Notes, cautions, and warnings
NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your computer.
CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.
WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.
© 2016 Dell Inc. All rights reserved. This product is protected by U.S. and international copyright and intellectual property laws. Dell and the Dell logo are
trademarks of Dell Inc. in the United States and/or other jurisdictions. All other marks and names mentioned herein may be trademarks of their respective
companies.
2016 - 04
Rev. A00
Contents
1 About this Guide........................................................................................................................................... 31
Audience............................................................................................................................................................................ 31
Conventions.......................................................................................................................................................................31
Related Documents.......................................................................................................................................................... 31
2 Conguration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................ 32
Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................32
CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................32
Navigating CLI Modes............................................................................................................................................... 34
The do Command............................................................................................................................................................ 36
Undoing Commands........................................................................................................................................................ 37
Obtaining Help.................................................................................................................................................................. 37
Entering and Editing Commands....................................................................................................................................38
Command History............................................................................................................................................................39
Filtering show Command Outputs.................................................................................................................................39
Example of the grep Keyword..................................................................................................................................39
Multiple Users in Conguration Mode...........................................................................................................................40
3 Getting Started............................................................................................................................................42
Console Access................................................................................................................................................................ 43
Serial Console............................................................................................................................................................. 43
Default Conguration...................................................................................................................................................... 44
Conguring a Host Name............................................................................................................................................... 44
Accessing the System Remotely....................................................................................................................................44
Accessing the System Remotely..............................................................................................................................44
Congure the Management Port IP Address......................................................................................................... 45
Congure a Management Route..............................................................................................................................45
Conguring a Username and Password.................................................................................................................. 45
Conguring the Enable Password..................................................................................................................................46
Conguration File Management.....................................................................................................................................46
Managing the File System........................................................................................................................................ 46
Copy Files to and from the System......................................................................................................................... 47
Save the Running-Conguration..............................................................................................................................48
Congure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario............................................................................................... 48
Using HTTP for File Transfers.................................................................................................................................. 48
View Conguration Files............................................................................................................................................49
Enabling Software Features on Devices Using a Command Option..........................................................................49
View Command History.................................................................................................................................................. 50
Upgrading Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................................... 50
Verify Software Images Before Installation...................................................................................................................50
4 Management................................................................................................................................................52
Conguring Privilege Levels............................................................................................................................................52
Contents
3
Creating a Custom Privilege Level...........................................................................................................................53
Removing a Command from EXEC Mode.............................................................................................................. 53
Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode........................................................................53
Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands....................................................................................53
Allowing Access to Dierent Modes........................................................................................................................53
Applying a Privilege Level to a Username...............................................................................................................55
Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line.......................................................................................................... 55
Conguring Logging........................................................................................................................................................ 55
Audit and Security Logs............................................................................................................................................ 56
Conguring Logging Format ...................................................................................................................................57
Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server.............................................................................................58
Track Login Activity......................................................................................................................................................... 59
Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity.................................................................................................................. 59
Conguring Login Activity Tracking.........................................................................................................................59
Display Login Statistics..............................................................................................................................................60
Limit Concurrent Login Sessions.................................................................................................................................... 61
Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions............................................................................. 61
Conguring Concurrent Session Limit..................................................................................................................... 61
Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions.................................................................................................... 62
Log Messages in the Internal Buer..............................................................................................................................62
Conguration Task List for System Log Management.......................................................................................... 62
Disabling System Logging............................................................................................................................................... 63
Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................63
Conguring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.....................................................................................................63
Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration........................................................................................64
Changing System Logging Settings...............................................................................................................................64
Conguring a UNIX Logging Facility Level....................................................................................................................65
Synchronizing Log Messages.........................................................................................................................................66
Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages.................................................................................................................... 67
File Transfer Services.......................................................................................................................................................67
Conguration Task List for File Transfer Services..................................................................................................67
Enabling the FTP Server........................................................................................................................................... 67
Conguring FTP Server Parameters....................................................................................................................... 68
Conguring FTP Client Parameters.........................................................................................................................68
Terminal Lines...................................................................................................................................................................69
Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line................................................................................................69
Conguring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines.............................................................................................70
Setting Timeout for EXEC Privilege Mode.................................................................................................................... 71
Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device...........................................................................................................71
Lock CONFIGURATION Mode....................................................................................................................................... 72
Viewing the Conguration Lock Status...................................................................................................................72
Recovering from a Forgotten Password on the Z9000 System................................................................................ 73
Ignoring the Startup Conguration and Booting from the Factory-Default Conguration..................................... 74
Recovering from a Failed Start on the Z9000 System................................................................................................74
Restoring the Factory Default Settings.........................................................................................................................75
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................75
Restoring Factory Default Environment Variables................................................................................................. 75
4
Contents
5 802.1X..........................................................................................................................................................78
Port-Authentication Process..........................................................................................................................................80
EAP over RADIUS.......................................................................................................................................................81
Conguring 802.1X............................................................................................................................................................81
Related Conguration Tasks......................................................................................................................................81
Important Points to Remember...................................................................................................................................... 81
Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................ 82
Conguring dot1x Prole ................................................................................................................................................83
Conguring the Static MAB and MAB Prole .............................................................................................................84
Conguring Critical VLAN ..............................................................................................................................................84
Conguring MAC addresses for a do1x Prole.............................................................................................................85
Conguring Request Identity Re-Transmissions...........................................................................................................86
Conguring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication..................................................................................... 86
Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port................................................................................................................87
Re-Authenticating a Port................................................................................................................................................88
Conguring Timeouts......................................................................................................................................................89
Conguring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication.......................................................................... 90
Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs........................................................................................................................... 91
Conguring a Guest VLAN........................................................................................................................................91
Conguring an Authentication-Fail VLAN............................................................................................................... 91
6 Access Control Lists (ACLs)........................................................................................................................ 93
IP Access Control Lists (ACLs)...................................................................................................................................... 94
CAM Usage.................................................................................................................................................................94
Implementing ACLs on Dell Networking OS...........................................................................................................95
IP Fragment Handling......................................................................................................................................................96
IP Fragments ACL Examples.................................................................................................................................... 97
Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples.................................................................................................................................... 97
Congure a Standard IP ACL......................................................................................................................................... 98
Conguring a Standard IP ACL Filter...................................................................................................................... 99
Congure an Extended IP ACL.....................................................................................................................................100
Conguring Filters with a Sequence Number.......................................................................................................100
Conguring Filters Without a Sequence Number................................................................................................. 101
Congure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs............................................................................................................................102
Using ACL VLAN Groups...............................................................................................................................................102
Guidelines for Conguring ACL VLAN Groups..................................................................................................... 102
Conguring an ACL VLAN Group...........................................................................................................................103
Allocating ACL VLAN CAM..................................................................................................................................... 104
Applying an IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................................104
Congure Ingress ACLs........................................................................................................................................... 105
Congure Egress ACLs............................................................................................................................................105
Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane).................................................................................................... 106
Counting ACL Hits....................................................................................................................................................107
IP Prex Lists.................................................................................................................................................................. 107
Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 108
Conguration Task List for Prex Lists.................................................................................................................. 108
Contents
5
ACL Resequencing...........................................................................................................................................................111
Resequencing an ACL or Prex List........................................................................................................................112
Route Maps......................................................................................................................................................................113
Implementation Information..................................................................................................................................... 113
Important Points to Remember..................................................................................................................................... 113
Conguration Task List for Route Maps.................................................................................................................113
Conguring Match Routes.......................................................................................................................................115
Conguring Set Conditions...................................................................................................................................... 117
Congure a Route Map for Route Redistribution..................................................................................................118
Congure a Route Map for Route Tagging............................................................................................................ 118
Continue Clause........................................................................................................................................................ 118
Conguring UDF ACL..................................................................................................................................................... 119
7 Bare Metal Provisioning (BMP).................................................................................................................. 122
Support for BMP on the S6000 Switch......................................................................................................................122
Enhanced Behavior of the stop bmp Command........................................................................................................ 122
Removal of the Deprecated User-Dened String Parameter with reload-type Command................................... 122
Service Tag Information in the Option 60 String........................................................................................................ 122
Replacement of stop jump-start Command With the stop bmp Command...........................................................122
8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD).................................................................................................. 123
How BFD Works............................................................................................................................................................. 123
BFD Packet Format..................................................................................................................................................124
BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................ 125
BFD Three-Way Handshake.................................................................................................................................... 126
Session State Changes............................................................................................................................................128
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................... 128
Congure BFD................................................................................................................................................................ 128
Congure BFD for Static Routes............................................................................................................................129
Congure BFD for OSPF.........................................................................................................................................130
Congure BFD for OSPFv3.....................................................................................................................................133
Congure BFD for IS-IS...........................................................................................................................................134
Congure BFD for BGP........................................................................................................................................... 136
Congure BFD for VRRP.........................................................................................................................................143
Conguring Protocol Liveness................................................................................................................................ 145
9 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4).................................................................................................... 146
Autonomous Systems (AS)........................................................................................................................................... 146
Sessions and Peers.........................................................................................................................................................148
Establish a Session................................................................................................................................................... 148
Route Reectors.............................................................................................................................................................149
BGP Attributes............................................................................................................................................................... 150
Best Path Selection Criteria....................................................................................................................................150
Weight........................................................................................................................................................................152
Local Preference.......................................................................................................................................................152
Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)...........................................................................................................................153
Origin..........................................................................................................................................................................154
6
Contents
AS Path......................................................................................................................................................................154
Next Hop...................................................................................................................................................................155
Multiprotocol BGP..........................................................................................................................................................155
Implement BGP with Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................155
Additional Path (Add-Path) Support......................................................................................................................155
Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes........................................................................................ 156
Ignore Router-ID in Best-Path Calculation............................................................................................................ 156
Four-Byte AS Numbers........................................................................................................................................... 156
AS4 Number Representation.................................................................................................................................. 157
AS Number Migration.............................................................................................................................................. 158
BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)........................................................................................................160
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 160
Conguration Information.............................................................................................................................................. 161
BGP Conguration.......................................................................................................................................................... 161
Enabling BGP............................................................................................................................................................ 162
Conguring AS4 Number Representations........................................................................................................... 165
Conguring Peer Groups.........................................................................................................................................166
Conguring BGP Fast Fall-Over.............................................................................................................................169
Conguring Passive Peering....................................................................................................................................170
Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration.................................................................................. 171
Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path....................................................................................... 172
Enabling Neighbor Graceful Restart.......................................................................................................................172
Filtering on an AS-Path Attribute........................................................................................................................... 173
Regular Expressions as Filters.................................................................................................................................174
Redistributing Routes...............................................................................................................................................176
Enabling Additional Paths........................................................................................................................................ 176
Conguring IP Community Lists............................................................................................................................. 177
Conguring an IP Extended Community List........................................................................................................ 178
Filtering Routes with Community Lists.................................................................................................................. 179
Manipulating the COMMUNITY Attribute.............................................................................................................179
Changing MED Attributes........................................................................................................................................ 181
Changing the LOCAL_PREFERENCE Attribute................................................................................................... 181
Changing the NEXT_HOP Attribute...................................................................................................................... 182
Changing the WEIGHT Attribute............................................................................................................................182
Enabling Multipath....................................................................................................................................................183
Filtering BGP Routes................................................................................................................................................183
Filtering BGP Routes Using Route Maps...............................................................................................................184
Filtering BGP Routes Using AS-PATH Information.............................................................................................. 185
Conguring BGP Route Reectors........................................................................................................................ 185
Aggregating Routes..................................................................................................................................................186
Conguring BGP Confederations...........................................................................................................................186
Enabling Route Flap Dampening............................................................................................................................. 187
Changing BGP Timers............................................................................................................................................. 189
Enabling BGP Neighbor Soft-Reconguration..................................................................................................... 190
Route Map Continue.................................................................................................................................................191
Enabling MBGP Congurations.....................................................................................................................................191
BGP Regular Expression Optimization.........................................................................................................................192
Contents
7
Debugging BGP.............................................................................................................................................................. 192
Storing Last and Bad PDUs.....................................................................................................................................193
Capturing PDUs........................................................................................................................................................194
PDU Counters...........................................................................................................................................................195
Sample Congurations...................................................................................................................................................195
10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM)....................................................................................................... 201
CAM Allocation............................................................................................................................................................... 201
Test CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................203
View CAM-ACL Settings.............................................................................................................................................. 203
View CAM Usage...........................................................................................................................................................204
Return to the Default CAM Conguration..................................................................................................................205
CAM Optimization......................................................................................................................................................... 205
Applications for CAM Proling..................................................................................................................................... 205
LAG HashingLAG Hashing Based on Bidirectional Flow.....................................................................................205
Unied Forwarding Table (UFT) Modes..................................................................................................................... 206
Conguring UFT Modes......................................................................................................................................... 206
11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP).................................................................................................................. 207
Z9500 CoPP Implementation.......................................................................................................................................208
Protocol-based Control Plane Policing..................................................................................................................209
Queue-based Control Plane Policing.....................................................................................................................209
CoPP Example................................................................................................................................................................ 210
Congure Control Plane Policing...................................................................................................................................211
Conguring CoPP for Protocols..............................................................................................................................211
Examples of Conguring CoPP for Protocols.......................................................................................................214
Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues.......................................................................................................................215
Examples of Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues.................................................................................................216
Displaying CoPP Conguration ..............................................................................................................................216
Troubleshooting CoPP Operation.................................................................................................................................219
Enabling CPU Trac Statistics............................................................................................................................... 219
Viewing CPU Trac Statistics................................................................................................................................219
Troubleshooting CPU Packet Loss........................................................................................................................ 220
Viewing Per-Protocol CoPP Counters.................................................................................................................. 222
Viewing Per-Queue CoPP Counters......................................................................................................................224
12 Data Center Bridging (DCB).....................................................................................................................225
Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging..................................................................................................... 225
Priority-Based Flow Control................................................................................................................................... 226
Enhanced Transmission Selection..........................................................................................................................227
Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx)...............................................................................................228
Data Center Bridging in a Trac Flow.................................................................................................................. 229
Priority-Based Flow Control......................................................................................................................................... 229
Enhanced Transmission Selection................................................................................................................................230
Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx)......................................................................................................231
Enabling Data Center Bridging..................................................................................................................................... 232
DCB Maps and its Attributes..................................................................................................................................232
8
Contents
Data Center Bridging: Default Conguration..............................................................................................................233
Conguring Priority-Based Flow Control.................................................................................................................... 233
Conguring Lossless Queues................................................................................................................................. 234
Conguring PFC in a DCB Map................................................................................................................................... 235
PFC Conguration Notes........................................................................................................................................235
PFC Prerequisites and Restrictions.......................................................................................................................236
Applying a DCB Map on a Port.....................................................................................................................................237
Conguring PFC without a DCB Map......................................................................................................................... 237
Conguring Lossless QueuesExample:..................................................................................................................238
Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buer Method....................................................................................239
Pause and Resume of Trac..................................................................................................................................239
Buer Sizes for Lossless or PFC Packets............................................................................................................ 239
Behavior of Tagged Packets.........................................................................................................................................240
Operations on Untagged Packets................................................................................................................................240
Conguration Example for DSCP and PFC Priorities.................................................................................................241
SNMP Support for PFC and Buer Statistics Tracking............................................................................................ 241
Generation of PFC for a Priority for Untagged Packets...........................................................................................242
Performing PFC Using DSCP Bits Instead of 802.1p Bits.........................................................................................242
PFC and ETS Conguration Examples........................................................................................................................243
Using PFC to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac...................................................................................................243
Congure Enhanced Transmission Selection..............................................................................................................243
ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions........................................................................................................................243
Creating an ETS Priority Group..............................................................................................................................243
ETS Operation with DCBx...................................................................................................................................... 245
Conguring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN.................................................................................................245
Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies......................................................................................................... 246
Applying the DCB Policies on Linecard....................................................................................................................... 246
Applying DCB Policies on SFM Ports.......................................................................................................................... 246
Using ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac................................................................................................... 247
Congure a DCBx Operation........................................................................................................................................ 247
DCBx Operation....................................................................................................................................................... 247
DCBx Port Roles...................................................................................................................................................... 247
DCB Conguration Exchange.................................................................................................................................249
Conguration Source Election................................................................................................................................249
Propagation of DCB Information........................................................................................................................... 250
Auto-Detection and Manual Conguration of the DCBx Version...................................................................... 250
DCBx Example......................................................................................................................................................... 250
DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions......................................................................................................................251
Conguring DCBx.....................................................................................................................................................251
Verifying the DCB Conguration................................................................................................................................. 255
QoS dot1p Trac Classication and Queue Assignment...........................................................................................261
Conguring the Dynamic Buer Method.................................................................................................................... 261
Sample DCB Conguration...........................................................................................................................................263
PFC and ETS Conguration Command Examples...............................................................................................264
13 Debugging and Diagnostics...................................................................................................................... 265
Oine Diagnostics.........................................................................................................................................................265
Contents
9
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 265
Running Oine Diagnostics................................................................................................................................... 265
Examples of Running Oine Diagnostics..............................................................................................................274
TRACE Logs.................................................................................................................................................................... 281
Auto Save on Crash or Rollover..............................................................................................................................281
Last Restart Reason.......................................................................................................................................................281
show hardware Commands...........................................................................................................................................281
Environmental Monitoring.............................................................................................................................................283
Display Power Supply Status..................................................................................................................................284
Display Fan Status................................................................................................................................................... 284
Display Transceiver Type.........................................................................................................................................285
Recognize an Over-Temperature Condition..........................................................................................................286
Troubleshoot an Over-Temperature Condition......................................................................................................287
Troubleshooting Packet Loss........................................................................................................................................288
Displaying Drop Counters........................................................................................................................................289
Displaying Dataplane Statistics............................................................................................................................... 291
Displaying Line Card Counters............................................................................................................................... 293
Accessing Application Core Dumps.............................................................................................................................293
Mini Core Dumps........................................................................................................................................................... 294
Full Kernel Core Dumps.................................................................................................................................................295
Enabling TCP Dumps.................................................................................................................................................... 295
14 Dynamic Host Conguration Protocol (DHCP).........................................................................................296
DHCP Packet Format and Options............................................................................................................................. 296
Assign an IP Address using DHCP...............................................................................................................................298
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................298
Congure the System to be a DHCP Server............................................................................................................. 299
Conguring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation..................................................................................299
Specifying a Default Gateway.................................................................................................................................301
Congure a Method of Hostname Resolution...................................................................................................... 301
Using DNS for Address Resolution.........................................................................................................................301
Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution...................................................................................................... 301
Creating Manual Binding Entries............................................................................................................................302
Debugging the DHCP Server.................................................................................................................................302
Using DHCP Clear Commands.............................................................................................................................. 302
Congure the System to be a Relay Agent................................................................................................................ 303
Congure the System to be a DHCP Client...............................................................................................................304
DHCP Client on a Management Interface............................................................................................................304
DHCP Client Operation with Other Features.......................................................................................................305
Congure Secure DHCP...............................................................................................................................................305
Option 82..................................................................................................................................................................306
DHCP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................................306
Conguring the DHCP secondary-subnet............................................................................................................309
Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only.................................................................................................... 310
Dynamic ARP Inspection......................................................................................................................................... 310
Conguring Dynamic ARP Inspection.....................................................................................................................311
Source Address Validation............................................................................................................................................. 312
10
Contents
Enabling IP Source Address Validation...................................................................................................................312
DHCP MAC Source Address Validation................................................................................................................. 313
Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation........................................................................................................313
Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets.................................................................................................... 314
Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets....................................................................................................314
15 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP).................................................................................................................315
ECMP for Flow-Based Anity......................................................................................................................................315
Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop............................................................................................................... 315
Conguring the Hash Algorithm Seed................................................................................................................... 315
Link Bundle Monitoring.................................................................................................................................................. 316
Managing ECMP Group Paths................................................................................................................................316
Creating an ECMP Group Bundle...........................................................................................................................316
Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold..................................................................................................................317
RTAG7.............................................................................................................................................................................. 317
Flow-based Hashing for ECMP.................................................................................................................................... 319
ECMP Support in L3 Host and LPM Tables................................................................................................................321
16 FIP Snooping............................................................................................................................................323
Fibre Channel over Ethernet........................................................................................................................................ 323
Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network............................................................................................ 323
FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges.............................................................................................................................. 325
Using FIP Snooping........................................................................................................................................................327
FIP Snooping Prerequisites..................................................................................................................................... 327
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................327
Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature........................................................................................................................328
Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs.............................................................................................................................328
Congure the FC-MAP Value................................................................................................................................ 329
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link....................................................................................................... 329
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link...........................................................................................................329
Impact on Other Software Features..................................................................................................................... 329
FIP Snooping Restrictions...................................................................................................................................... 330
Conguring FIP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................330
FCoE Transit Conguration Example........................................................................................................................... 331
Displaying FIP Snooping Information...........................................................................................................................332
17 FIPS Cryptography...................................................................................................................................336
Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................................... 336
Preparing the System....................................................................................................................................................336
Enabling FIPS Mode...................................................................................................................................................... 337
Generating Host-Keys................................................................................................................................................... 337
Monitoring FIPS Mode Status......................................................................................................................................337
Disabling FIPS Mode..................................................................................................................................................... 340
18 Flex Hash.................................................................................................................................................. 341
Flex Hash Capability Overview..................................................................................................................................... 341
Conguring the Flex Hash Mechanism........................................................................................................................341
Contents
11
RDMA Over Converged Ethernet (RoCE) Overview................................................................................................342
Preserving 802.1Q VLAN Tag Value for Lite Subinterfaces...................................................................................... 343
19 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)................................................................................................... 344
Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 344
Ring Status............................................................................................................................................................... 345
Multiple FRRP Rings............................................................................................................................................... 345
Important FRRP Points...........................................................................................................................................346
Important FRRP Concepts..................................................................................................................................... 347
Implementing FRRP.......................................................................................................................................................348
FRRP Conguration.......................................................................................................................................................348
Creating the FRRP Group.......................................................................................................................................348
Conguring the Control VLAN...............................................................................................................................348
Conguring and Adding the Member VLANs.......................................................................................................349
Setting the FRRP Timers........................................................................................................................................350
Clearing the FRRP Counters...................................................................................................................................351
Viewing the FRRP Conguration............................................................................................................................351
Viewing the FRRP Information............................................................................................................................... 351
Troubleshooting FRRP................................................................................................................................................... 351
Conguration Checks...............................................................................................................................................351
Sample Conguration and Topology............................................................................................................................352
20 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)............................................................................................. 354
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................... 354
Congure GVRP............................................................................................................................................................ 355
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................355
Enabling GVRP Globally................................................................................................................................................355
Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface........................................................................................................................356
Congure GVRP Registration...................................................................................................................................... 356
Congure a GARP Timer...............................................................................................................................................357
21 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)......................................................................................... 358
IGMP Implementation Information.............................................................................................................................. 358
IGMP Protocol Overview..............................................................................................................................................358
IGMP Version 2........................................................................................................................................................358
IGMP Version 3........................................................................................................................................................360
Congure IGMP............................................................................................................................................................. 362
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................363
Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces............................................................................................................................... 363
Selecting an IGMP Version........................................................................................................................................... 363
Viewing IGMP Groups...................................................................................................................................................364
Adjusting Timers............................................................................................................................................................ 364
Adjusting Query and Response Timers................................................................................................................. 364
Adjusting the IGMP Querier Timeout Value......................................................................................................... 365
Conguring a Static IGMP Group................................................................................................................................365
Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave................................................................................................................................ 365
IGMP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................................366
12
Contents
IGMP Snooping Implementation Information.......................................................................................................366
Conguring IGMP Snooping...................................................................................................................................366
Removing a Group-Port Association..................................................................................................................... 367
Disabling Multicast Flooding................................................................................................................................... 367
Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router.......................................................................................367
Conguring the Switch as Querier........................................................................................................................ 368
Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes...................................................................................................368
Designating a Multicast Router Interface................................................................................................................... 368
22 Interfaces................................................................................................................................................ 369
Basic Interface Conguration.......................................................................................................................................369
Advanced Interface Conguration...............................................................................................................................369
Port Numbering Convention.........................................................................................................................................370
Interface Types................................................................................................................................................................371
View Basic Interface Information..................................................................................................................................371
Resetting an Interface to its Factory Default State...................................................................................................372
Enabling a Physical Interface........................................................................................................................................373
Physical Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................................373
Port-Pipes................................................................................................................................................................. 374
Network Processing Units (NPUs)........................................................................................................................ 374
Conguration Task List for Physical Interfaces.....................................................................................................374
Overview of Layer Modes.......................................................................................................................................374
Conguring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode..................................................................................................................375
Conguring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode...................................................................................................................375
Conguring Layer 3 (Network) Mode................................................................................................................... 376
Conguring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode...................................................................................................................376
Egress Interface Selection (EIS).................................................................................................................................. 377
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................377
Conguring EIS.........................................................................................................................................................377
Management Interfaces................................................................................................................................................ 378
Conguring Management Interfaces.....................................................................................................................378
Conguring a Management Interface on an Ethernet Port................................................................................379
VLAN Interfaces............................................................................................................................................................ 380
Loopback Interfaces.......................................................................................................................................................381
Null Interfaces................................................................................................................................................................. 381
Port Channel Interfaces.................................................................................................................................................381
Port Channel Denition and Standards..................................................................................................................381
Port Channel Benets............................................................................................................................................. 382
Port Channel Implementation.................................................................................................................................382
Interfaces in Port Channels.................................................................................................................................... 382
Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces.................................................................................................383
Creating a Port Channel..........................................................................................................................................383
Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.....................................................................................................383
Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel................................................................................................385
Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel.............................................................................. 386
Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN............................................................................................. 386
Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel...........................................................................................................387
Contents
13
Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel..................................................................................................................... 387
Load Balancing Through Port Channels................................................................................................................388
Changing the Hash Algorithm................................................................................................................................388
Bulk Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 389
Interface Range........................................................................................................................................................389
Bulk Conguration Examples..................................................................................................................................389
Dening Interface Range Macros.................................................................................................................................391
Dene the Interface Range..................................................................................................................................... 391
Choosing an Interface-Range Macro.....................................................................................................................391
Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces........................................................................................................................ 391
Displaying Trac Statistics on HiGig Ports.................................................................................................................392
Link Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................................................. 393
Monitoring HiGig Link Bundles..................................................................................................................................... 393
Guidelines for Monitoring HiGig Link-Bundles .....................................................................................................394
Enabling HiGig Link-Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................ 395
Splitting 40G Ports without Reload.............................................................................................................................395
Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports........................................................................................................................... 396
Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port............................................................................ 397
Conguring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics................................................................................................398
Link Dampening..............................................................................................................................................................398
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 398
Enabling Link Dampening........................................................................................................................................399
Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control........................................................................................................400
Enabling Pause Frames............................................................................................................................................401
Congure the MTU Size on an Interface.....................................................................................................................401
Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces...................................................................................................................402
Set Auto-Negotiation Options................................................................................................................................402
View Advanced Interface Information.........................................................................................................................403
Conguring the Interface Sampling Size.............................................................................................................. 404
Dynamic Counters......................................................................................................................................................... 405
Clearing Interface Counters................................................................................................................................... 405
23 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)...........................................................................................................407
Conguring IPSec .........................................................................................................................................................407
24 IPv4 Routing............................................................................................................................................ 409
IP Addresses....................................................................................................................................................................410
Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 410
Conguration Tasks for IP Addresses.......................................................................................................................... 410
Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface....................................................................................................................... 410
Conguring Static Routes..............................................................................................................................................411
Congure Static Routes for the Management Interface...........................................................................................412
Enabling Directed Broadcast......................................................................................................................................... 412
Resolution of Host Names.............................................................................................................................................413
Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names.............................................................................................................413
Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains.................................................................................... 413
Conguring DNS with Traceroute................................................................................................................................ 414
14
Contents
ARP.................................................................................................................................................................................. 414
Conguration Tasks for ARP.........................................................................................................................................415
Conguring Static ARP Entries.................................................................................................................................... 415
Enabling Proxy ARP....................................................................................................................................................... 415
Clearing ARP Cache.......................................................................................................................................................416
ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................................ 416
Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP.................................................................................................................416
ARP Learning via ARP Request....................................................................................................................................416
Conguring ARP Retries................................................................................................................................................417
ICMP................................................................................................................................................................................ 418
Conguration Tasks for ICMP.......................................................................................................................................418
Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages....................................................................................................................... 418
UDP Helper..................................................................................................................................................................... 418
Congure UDP Helper............................................................................................................................................. 418
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 418
Enabling UDP Helper......................................................................................................................................................419
Conguring a Broadcast Address................................................................................................................................. 419
Congurations Using UDP Helper................................................................................................................................ 419
UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses.................................................................................................................420
UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses.........................................................................................................420
UDP Helper with Congured Broadcast Addresses...................................................................................................421
UDP Helper with No Congured Broadcast Addresses.............................................................................................421
Troubleshooting UDP Helper........................................................................................................................................ 422
25 IPv6 Routing............................................................................................................................................423
Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 423
Extended Address Space........................................................................................................................................424
Stateless Autoconguration....................................................................................................................................424
IPv6 Headers............................................................................................................................................................424
IPv6 Header Fields...................................................................................................................................................425
Extension Header Fields..........................................................................................................................................427
Addressing................................................................................................................................................................ 428
Implementing IPv6 with Dell Networking OS............................................................................................................. 429
Longest Prex Match (LPM) Table and IPv6 /65 – /128 support......................................................................... 429
ICMPv6...........................................................................................................................................................................429
Path MTU Discovery.....................................................................................................................................................429
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery..............................................................................................................................................430
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets........................................................................................................... 431
Conguration Task List for IPv6 RDNSS............................................................................................................... 431
Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport.............................................................................................................. 433
Conguration Tasks for IPv6........................................................................................................................................ 433
Adjusting Your CAM-Prole....................................................................................................................................433
Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface........................................................................................................... 434
Assigning a Static IPv6 Route................................................................................................................................435
Conguring Telnet with IPv6..................................................................................................................................435
SNMP over IPv6......................................................................................................................................................435
Displaying IPv6 Information.................................................................................................................................... 436
Contents
15
Displaying an IPv6 Interface Information.............................................................................................................. 436
Showing IPv6 Routes.............................................................................................................................................. 437
Showing the Running-Conguration for an Interface......................................................................................... 438
Clearing IPv6 Routes...............................................................................................................................................438
Conguring IPv6 RA Guard.......................................................................................................................................... 439
Conguring IPv6 RA Guard on an Interface.........................................................................................................440
Monitoring IPv6 RA Guard...................................................................................................................................... 441
26 iSCSI Optimization...................................................................................................................................442
iSCSI Optimization Overview....................................................................................................................................... 442
Default iSCSI Optimization Values...............................................................................................................................444
iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites................................................................................................................................. 444
Conguring iSCSI Optimization....................................................................................................................................444
Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information..................................................................................................................446
Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization....................................................................................................................... 447
Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer.......................................................................448
Monitoring iSCSI Trac Flows.....................................................................................................................................448
Information Monitored in iSCSI Trac Flows.............................................................................................................448
Detection and Auto-Conguration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays................................................................................. 449
Conguring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays...................................................................................449
Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Trac Flows........................................................................................... 450
27 Intermediate System to Intermediate System........................................................................................... 451
IS-IS Protocol Overview................................................................................................................................................ 451
IS-IS Addressing..............................................................................................................................................................451
Multi-Topology IS-IS...................................................................................................................................................... 452
Transition Mode....................................................................................................................................................... 452
Interface Support.....................................................................................................................................................452
Adjacencies...............................................................................................................................................................453
Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................................................453
Timers....................................................................................................................................................................... 453
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................453
Conguration Information.............................................................................................................................................454
Conguration Tasks for IS-IS..................................................................................................................................454
Conguring the Distance of a Route.....................................................................................................................462
Changing the IS-Type.............................................................................................................................................. 462
Redistributing IPv4 Routes.....................................................................................................................................465
Redistributing IPv6 Routes.....................................................................................................................................465
Conguring Authentication Passwords.................................................................................................................466
Setting the Overload Bit......................................................................................................................................... 467
Debugging IS-IS....................................................................................................................................................... 467
IS-IS Metric Styles.........................................................................................................................................................468
Congure Metric Values............................................................................................................................................... 468
Maximum Values in the Routing Table.................................................................................................................. 469
Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only................................................................................................469
Leaks from One Level to Another.......................................................................................................................... 470
Sample Congurations...................................................................................................................................................471
16
Contents
28 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)...............................................................................................474
Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP...................................................................................................................474
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................474
LACP Modes............................................................................................................................................................ 475
Conguring LACP Commands............................................................................................................................... 475
LACP Conguration Tasks............................................................................................................................................ 476
Creating a LAG.........................................................................................................................................................476
Conguring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic........................................................................................................ 476
Setting the LACP Long Timeout............................................................................................................................477
Monitoring and Debugging LACP.......................................................................................................................... 477
Shared LAG State Tracking...........................................................................................................................................478
Conguring Shared LAG State Tracking............................................................................................................... 478
Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking........................................................................................... 479
LACP Basic Conguration Example............................................................................................................................ 480
Congure a LAG on ALPHA................................................................................................................................... 480
29 Layer 2.....................................................................................................................................................489
Manage the MAC Address Table................................................................................................................................. 489
Clearing the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................... 489
Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries........................................................................................................489
Conguring a Static MAC Address........................................................................................................................490
Displaying the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................490
MAC Learning Limit.......................................................................................................................................................490
Setting the MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................. 491
mac learning-limit Dynamic..................................................................................................................................... 491
mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky.................................................................................................................. 491
mac learning-limit station-move.............................................................................................................................492
mac learning-limit no-station-move.......................................................................................................................492
Learning Limit Violation Actions.............................................................................................................................492
Setting Station Move Violation Actions................................................................................................................ 492
Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations........................................................................... 493
Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System.......................................................................................................493
NIC Teaming................................................................................................................................................................... 494
Congure Redundant Pairs.......................................................................................................................................... 495
Important Points about Conguring Redundant Pairs........................................................................................ 496
Far-End Failure Detection.............................................................................................................................................498
FEFD State Changes...............................................................................................................................................498
Conguring FEFD.................................................................................................................................................... 499
Enabling FEFD on an Interface.............................................................................................................................. 500
Debugging FEFD...................................................................................................................................................... 501
30 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)..................................................................................................... 502
802.1AB (LLDP) Overview............................................................................................................................................502
Protocol Data Units................................................................................................................................................. 502
Optional TLVs.................................................................................................................................................................503
Management TLVs.................................................................................................................................................. 503
Contents
17
TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview................................................................................................................................ 505
TIA Organizationally Specic TLVs........................................................................................................................505
Congure LLDP............................................................................................................................................................. 509
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................509
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 509
LLDP Compatibility..................................................................................................................................................509
CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Congurations............................................................................................509
Enabling LLDP.................................................................................................................................................................510
Disabling and Undoing LLDP...................................................................................................................................510
Enabling LLDP on Management Ports.........................................................................................................................510
Disabling and Undoing LLDP on Management Ports............................................................................................511
Advertising TLVs..............................................................................................................................................................511
Viewing the LLDP Conguration.................................................................................................................................. 512
Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents...................................................................................... 513
Conguring LLDPDU Intervals......................................................................................................................................514
Conguring Transmit and Receive Mode.................................................................................................................... 514
Conguring the Time to Live Value.............................................................................................................................. 515
Debugging LLDP.............................................................................................................................................................516
Relevant Management Objects.................................................................................................................................... 516
31 Microsoft Network Load Balancing........................................................................................................... 521
NLB Unicast and Multicast Modes.............................................................................................................................. 521
NLB Unicast Mode Example................................................................................................................................... 521
NLB Multicast Mode Example................................................................................................................................ 521
NLB Benets..................................................................................................................................................................522
NLB Restrictions............................................................................................................................................................522
NLB VLAN Flooding...................................................................................................................................................... 522
Conguring NLB on a Switch.......................................................................................................................................523
32 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)......................................................................................... 524
Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 524
Anycast RP.....................................................................................................................................................................525
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................526
Congure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol........................................................................................................526
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................526
Enable MSDP.................................................................................................................................................................530
Manage the Source-Active Cache...............................................................................................................................531
Viewing the Source-Active Cache......................................................................................................................... 531
Limiting the Source-Active Cache..........................................................................................................................531
Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................532
Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache....................................................................................................... 532
Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check......................................................................................532
Specifying Source-Active Messages...........................................................................................................................535
Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer...................................................................................................536
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source.......................................................................................................536
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source...................................................................................................537
Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source..................................................................................................537
18
Contents
Logging Changes in Peership States...........................................................................................................................538
Terminating a Peership..................................................................................................................................................538
Clearing Peer Statistics.................................................................................................................................................539
Debugging MSDP..........................................................................................................................................................539
MSDP with Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................539
Conguring Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................540
Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding......................................................................................................... 541
Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages...............................................................................................541
MSDP Sample Congurations......................................................................................................................................542
33 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)................................................................................................ 543
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................543
Spanning Tree Variations...............................................................................................................................................544
Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................544
Congure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol................................................................................................................544
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................544
Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally...................................................................................................................... 545
Adding and Removing Interfaces.................................................................................................................................545
Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances................................................................................................................545
Inuencing MSTP Root Selection................................................................................................................................546
Interoperate with Non-Dell Bridges............................................................................................................................. 547
Changing the Region Name or Revision..................................................................................................................... 547
Modifying Global Parameters....................................................................................................................................... 547
Modifying the Interface Parameters........................................................................................................................... 549
Conguring an EdgePort.............................................................................................................................................. 549
Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change....................................................................................................... 550
MSTP Sample Congurations......................................................................................................................................550
Router 1 Running-CongurationRouter 2 Running-CongurationRouter 3 Running-
CongurationSFTOS Example Running-Conguration........................................................................................551
Debugging and Verifying MSTP Congurations........................................................................................................ 552
34 Multicast Features...................................................................................................................................554
Enabling IP Multicast.....................................................................................................................................................554
Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 554
First Packet Forwarding for Lossless Multicast.........................................................................................................555
Multicast Policies...........................................................................................................................................................555
IPv4 Multicast Policies............................................................................................................................................555
35 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3)................................................................................... 563
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................563
Autonomous System (AS) Areas........................................................................................................................... 563
Area Types................................................................................................................................................................ 564
Networks and Neighbors........................................................................................................................................565
Router Types............................................................................................................................................................ 565
Designated and Backup Designated Routers....................................................................................................... 567
Link-State Advertisements (LSAs)........................................................................................................................ 567
Router Priority and Cost.........................................................................................................................................568
Contents
19
OSPF with Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................................569
Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only).............................................................................................................. 570
Multi-Process OSPFv2 with VRF.......................................................................................................................... 570
RFC-2328 Compliant OSPF Flooding....................................................................................................................570
OSPF ACK Packing.................................................................................................................................................. 571
Setting OSPF Adjacency with Cisco Routers....................................................................................................... 571
Conguration Information............................................................................................................................................. 572
Conguration Task List for OSPFv2 (OSPF for IPv4).........................................................................................572
Sample Congurations for OSPFv2...................................................................................................................... 583
Conguration Task List for OSPFv3 (OSPF for IPv6).............................................................................................. 583
Enabling IPv6 Unicast Routing...............................................................................................................................584
Applying cost for OSPFv3...................................................................................................................................... 584
Assigning IPv6 Addresses on an Interface........................................................................................................... 585
Assigning Area ID on an Interface..........................................................................................................................585
Assigning OSPFv3 Process ID and Router ID Globally........................................................................................585
Conguring Stub Areas...........................................................................................................................................586
Conguring Passive-Interface................................................................................................................................586
Redistributing Routes..............................................................................................................................................586
Conguring a Default Route................................................................................................................................... 587
OSPFv3 Authentication Using IPsec.....................................................................................................................587
Troubleshooting OSPFv3........................................................................................................................................592
36 Pay As You Grow .....................................................................................................................................594
Installing a License.........................................................................................................................................................594
Displaying License Information.....................................................................................................................................597
37 PIM Sparse-Mode (PIM-SM).................................................................................................................. 599
Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 599
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................599
Requesting Multicast Trac.................................................................................................................................. 599
Refuse Multicast Trac..........................................................................................................................................600
Send Multicast Trac.............................................................................................................................................600
Conguring PIM-SM.....................................................................................................................................................600
Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................601
Enable PIM-SM.............................................................................................................................................................. 601
Conguring S,G Expiry Timers..................................................................................................................................... 602
Conguring a Static Rendezvous Point...................................................................................................................... 603
Overriding Bootstrap Router Updates.................................................................................................................. 603
Conguring a Designated Router.................................................................................................................................603
Creating Multicast Boundaries and Domains............................................................................................................. 604
Enabling PIM-SM Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................604
38 PIM Source-Specic Mode (PIM-SSM).................................................................................................. 605
Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 605
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 605
Congure PIM-SSM......................................................................................................................................................605
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................606
20
Contents
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