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Networking Z9500

Dell Networking Z9500 User guide

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Dell Networking Conguration Guide for the
Z9500 Switch
9.11(2.0P1)
Notes, cautions, and warnings
NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product.
CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.
WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.
Copyright © 2017 Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved. Dell, EMC, and other trademarks are trademarks of Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. Other
trademarks may be trademarks of their respective owners.
2017 - 05
Rev. A00
Contents
1 About this Guide...........................................................................................................................................33
Audience............................................................................................................................................................................33
Conventions......................................................................................................................................................................33
Related Documents......................................................................................................................................................... 33
2 Conguration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................ 34
Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................34
CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................34
Navigating CLI Modes............................................................................................................................................... 36
The do Command............................................................................................................................................................ 39
Undoing Commands........................................................................................................................................................ 39
Obtaining Help..................................................................................................................................................................40
Entering and Editing Commands................................................................................................................................... 40
Command History.............................................................................................................................................................41
Filtering show Command Outputs..................................................................................................................................41
Example of the grep Keyword...................................................................................................................................41
Multiple Users in Conguration Mode...........................................................................................................................43
3 Getting Started............................................................................................................................................44
Console Access................................................................................................................................................................45
Serial Console.............................................................................................................................................................45
Default Conguration...................................................................................................................................................... 46
Conguring a Host Name............................................................................................................................................... 46
Accessing the System Remotely....................................................................................................................................46
Accessing the System Remotely..............................................................................................................................46
Congure the Management Port IP Address......................................................................................................... 47
Congure a Management Route.............................................................................................................................. 47
Conguring a Username and Password.................................................................................................................. 47
Conguring the Enable Password..................................................................................................................................48
Conguration File Management.....................................................................................................................................48
Managing the File System........................................................................................................................................ 48
Copy Files to and from the System......................................................................................................................... 49
Save the Running-Conguration............................................................................................................................. 50
Congure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario............................................................................................... 50
Using HTTP for File Transfers..................................................................................................................................50
View Conguration Files............................................................................................................................................ 51
Enabling Software Features on Devices Using a Command Option.......................................................................... 51
View Command History.................................................................................................................................................. 52
Upgrading Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................................... 52
Verify Software Images Before Installation...................................................................................................................52
4 Management............................................................................................................................................... 54
Contents
3
Conguring Privilege Levels............................................................................................................................................54
Creating a Custom Privilege Level...........................................................................................................................55
Removing a Command from EXEC Mode.............................................................................................................. 55
Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode....................................................................... 55
Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands....................................................................................55
Allowing Access to Dierent Modes....................................................................................................................... 55
Applying a Privilege Level to a Username............................................................................................................... 57
Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line.......................................................................................................... 57
Conguring Logging.........................................................................................................................................................57
Audit and Security Logs............................................................................................................................................ 58
Conguring Logging Format ...................................................................................................................................60
Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server............................................................................................ 60
Track Login Activity.......................................................................................................................................................... 61
Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity................................................................................................................... 61
Conguring Login Activity Tracking..........................................................................................................................61
Display Login Statistics..............................................................................................................................................62
Limit Concurrent Login Sessions....................................................................................................................................63
Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions............................................................................ 63
Conguring Concurrent Session Limit.....................................................................................................................64
Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions.................................................................................................... 64
Enabling Secured CLI Mode........................................................................................................................................... 65
Log Messages in the Internal Buer..............................................................................................................................65
Conguration Task List for System Log Management..........................................................................................65
Disabling System Logging...............................................................................................................................................65
Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................66
Conguring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.....................................................................................................66
Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration........................................................................................66
Changing System Logging Settings...............................................................................................................................67
Conguring a UNIX Logging Facility Level....................................................................................................................68
Synchronizing Log Messages.........................................................................................................................................69
Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages....................................................................................................................69
File Transfer Services.......................................................................................................................................................70
Conguration Task List for File Transfer Services..................................................................................................70
Enabling the FTP Server........................................................................................................................................... 70
Conguring FTP Server Parameters........................................................................................................................70
Conguring FTP Client Parameters..........................................................................................................................71
Terminal Lines....................................................................................................................................................................71
Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line................................................................................................ 72
Conguring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines............................................................................................. 73
Setting Timeout for EXEC Privilege Mode....................................................................................................................74
Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device.......................................................................................................... 74
Lock CONFIGURATION Mode....................................................................................................................................... 75
Viewing the Conguration Lock Status...................................................................................................................75
Recovering from a Forgotten Password on the Z9000 System................................................................................ 76
Ignoring the Startup Conguration and Booting from the Factory-Default Conguration..................................... 77
4
Contents
Recovering from a Failed Start on the Z9000 System................................................................................................77
Restoring the Factory Default Settings.........................................................................................................................78
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................78
Restoring Factory Default Environment Variables................................................................................................. 78
5 802.1X.......................................................................................................................................................... 81
Port-Authentication Process..........................................................................................................................................83
EAP over RADIUS......................................................................................................................................................83
Conguring 802.1X...........................................................................................................................................................84
Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 84
Important Points to Remember......................................................................................................................................84
Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................ 85
Conguring dot1x Prole ................................................................................................................................................86
Conguring the Static MAB and MAB Prole ............................................................................................................. 87
Conguring Critical VLAN ..............................................................................................................................................87
Conguring MAC addresses for a do1x Prole.............................................................................................................88
Conguring Request Identity Re-Transmissions...........................................................................................................89
Conguring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication..................................................................................... 89
Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port............................................................................................................... 90
Re-Authenticating a Port.................................................................................................................................................91
Conguring Timeouts...................................................................................................................................................... 92
Conguring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication...........................................................................93
Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs.......................................................................................................................... 94
Conguring a Guest VLAN....................................................................................................................................... 94
Conguring an Authentication-Fail VLAN...............................................................................................................94
6 Access Control Lists (ACLs)........................................................................................................................ 96
IP Access Control Lists (ACLs).......................................................................................................................................97
CAM Usage.................................................................................................................................................................97
Implementing ACLs on Dell Networking OS........................................................................................................... 98
IP Fragment Handling.................................................................................................................................................... 100
IP Fragments ACL Examples...................................................................................................................................100
Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples.................................................................................................................................. 100
Congure a Standard IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................101
Conguring a Standard IP ACL Filter..................................................................................................................... 102
Congure an Extended IP ACL..................................................................................................................................... 103
Conguring Filters with a Sequence Number.......................................................................................................103
Conguring Filters Without a Sequence Number................................................................................................ 104
Congure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs........................................................................................................................... 105
Using ACL VLAN Groups...............................................................................................................................................106
Guidelines for Conguring ACL VLAN Groups..................................................................................................... 106
Conguring an ACL VLAN Group...........................................................................................................................106
Allocating ACL VLAN CAM..................................................................................................................................... 107
Applying an IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................................108
Congure Ingress ACLs........................................................................................................................................... 108
Congure Egress ACLs............................................................................................................................................109
Contents
5
Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane).....................................................................................................110
Counting ACL Hits.................................................................................................................................................... 110
IP Prex Lists....................................................................................................................................................................111
Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................111
Conguration Task List for Prex Lists....................................................................................................................111
ACL Resequencing..........................................................................................................................................................115
Resequencing an ACL or Prex List....................................................................................................................... 115
Route Maps......................................................................................................................................................................116
Implementation Information..................................................................................................................................... 117
Important Points to Remember..................................................................................................................................... 117
Conguration Task List for Route Maps................................................................................................................. 117
Conguring Match Routes.......................................................................................................................................119
Conguring Set Conditions..................................................................................................................................... 120
Congure a Route Map for Route Redistribution..................................................................................................121
Congure a Route Map for Route Tagging............................................................................................................122
Continue Clause........................................................................................................................................................122
Conguring UDF ACL.....................................................................................................................................................123
Conguring IP Mirror Access Group............................................................................................................................ 126
Sample Conguration...............................................................................................................................................126
Example of viewing IP mirror–access–group applied to an Interface................................................................127
7 Bare Metal Provisioning (BMP).................................................................................................................. 128
Support for BMP on the S6000 Switch......................................................................................................................128
Enhanced Behavior of the stop bmp Command........................................................................................................ 128
Removal of the Deprecated User-Dened String Parameter with reload-type Command................................... 128
Service Tag Information in the Option 60 String........................................................................................................ 128
Replacement of stop jump-start Command With the stop bmp Command...........................................................128
8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD).................................................................................................. 129
How BFD Works............................................................................................................................................................. 129
BFD Packet Format..................................................................................................................................................130
BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................. 131
BFD Three-Way Handshake.................................................................................................................................... 132
Session State Changes............................................................................................................................................134
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................... 134
Congure BFD................................................................................................................................................................ 134
Congure BFD for Static Routes............................................................................................................................135
Congure BFD for OSPF......................................................................................................................................... 137
Congure BFD for OSPFv3.....................................................................................................................................140
Congure BFD for IS-IS............................................................................................................................................141
Congure BFD for BGP........................................................................................................................................... 143
Congure BFD for VRRP.........................................................................................................................................150
Conguring Protocol Liveness................................................................................................................................ 153
9 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4).................................................................................................... 154
Autonomous Systems (AS)........................................................................................................................................... 154
6
Contents
Sessions and Peers........................................................................................................................................................ 156
Establish a Session...................................................................................................................................................156
Route Reectors.............................................................................................................................................................157
BGP Attributes................................................................................................................................................................158
Best Path Selection Criteria....................................................................................................................................158
Weight........................................................................................................................................................................160
Local Preference.......................................................................................................................................................160
Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)........................................................................................................................... 161
Origin..........................................................................................................................................................................162
AS Path......................................................................................................................................................................163
Next Hop................................................................................................................................................................... 163
Multiprotocol BGP..........................................................................................................................................................163
Implement BGP with Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................164
Additional Path (Add-Path) Support......................................................................................................................164
Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes........................................................................................ 164
Ignore Router-ID in Best-Path Calculation............................................................................................................ 165
Four-Byte AS Numbers........................................................................................................................................... 165
AS4 Number Representation..................................................................................................................................165
AS Number Migration...............................................................................................................................................167
BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)........................................................................................................168
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 168
Conguration Information..............................................................................................................................................169
BGP Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 169
Enabling BGP............................................................................................................................................................ 170
Conguring AS4 Number Representations........................................................................................................... 173
Conguring Peer Groups......................................................................................................................................... 175
Conguring BGP Fast Fall-Over............................................................................................................................. 177
Conguring Passive Peering....................................................................................................................................179
Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration................................................................................. 179
Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path....................................................................................... 180
Enabling Neighbor Graceful Restart....................................................................................................................... 181
Filtering on an AS-Path Attribute........................................................................................................................... 182
Regular Expressions as Filters.................................................................................................................................183
Redistributing Routes...............................................................................................................................................184
Enabling Additional Paths........................................................................................................................................ 185
Conguring IP Community Lists............................................................................................................................. 185
Conguring an IP Extended Community List........................................................................................................186
Filtering Routes with Community Lists.................................................................................................................. 187
Manipulating the COMMUNITY Attribute.............................................................................................................188
Changing MED Attributes....................................................................................................................................... 189
Changing the LOCAL_PREFERENCE Attribute.................................................................................................. 190
Conguring the local System or a Dierent System to be the Next Hop for BGP-Learned Routes.............190
Changing the WEIGHT Attribute.............................................................................................................................191
Enabling Multipath.................................................................................................................................................... 191
Filtering BGP Routes................................................................................................................................................192
Contents
7
Filtering BGP Routes Using Route Maps...............................................................................................................193
Filtering BGP Routes Using AS-PATH Information.............................................................................................. 194
Conguring BGP Route Reectors........................................................................................................................ 194
Aggregating Routes................................................................................................................................................. 195
Conguring BGP Confederations...........................................................................................................................195
Enabling Route Flap Dampening.............................................................................................................................196
Changing BGP Timers............................................................................................................................................. 198
Enabling BGP Neighbor Soft-Reconguration..................................................................................................... 199
Enabling or disabling BGP neighbors.....................................................................................................................200
Route Map Continue................................................................................................................................................201
Enabling MBGP Congurations.................................................................................................................................... 201
Congure IPv6 NH Automatically for IPv6 Prex Advertised over IPv4 Neighbor......................................... 202
BGP Regular Expression Optimization........................................................................................................................202
Debugging BGP............................................................................................................................................................. 203
Storing Last and Bad PDUs....................................................................................................................................203
Capturing PDUs.......................................................................................................................................................204
PDU Counters.......................................................................................................................................................... 205
Sample Congurations..................................................................................................................................................206
10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM)....................................................................................................... 212
CAM Allocation............................................................................................................................................................... 212
Test CAM Usage.............................................................................................................................................................214
View CAM-ACL Settings............................................................................................................................................... 214
View CAM Usage........................................................................................................................................................... 215
Return to the Default CAM Conguration.................................................................................................................. 216
CAM Optimization.......................................................................................................................................................... 216
Applications for CAM Proling......................................................................................................................................216
LAG HashingLAG Hashing Based on Bidirectional Flow......................................................................................216
Unied Forwarding Table (UFT) Modes.......................................................................................................................217
Conguring UFT Modes.......................................................................................................................................... 217
11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP)...................................................................................................................219
Z9500 CoPP Implementation.......................................................................................................................................220
Protocol-based Control Plane Policing...................................................................................................................221
Queue-based Control Plane Policing......................................................................................................................221
CoPP Example............................................................................................................................................................... 222
Congure Control Plane Policing................................................................................................................................. 223
Conguring CoPP for Protocols............................................................................................................................ 223
Examples of Conguring CoPP for Protocols...................................................................................................... 226
Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues.......................................................................................................................227
Examples of Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues................................................................................................ 228
Displaying CoPP Conguration ............................................................................................................................. 228
Troubleshooting CoPP Operation................................................................................................................................. 231
Enabling CPU Trac Statistics............................................................................................................................... 231
Viewing CPU Trac Statistics................................................................................................................................ 231
Troubleshooting CPU Packet Loss........................................................................................................................ 232
8
Contents
Viewing Per-Protocol CoPP Counters.................................................................................................................. 234
Viewing Per-Queue CoPP Counters..................................................................................................................... 236
12 Data Center Bridging (DCB).....................................................................................................................238
Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging..................................................................................................... 239
Priority-Based Flow Control................................................................................................................................... 240
Enhanced Transmission Selection...........................................................................................................................241
Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx)...............................................................................................242
Data Center Bridging in a Trac Flow...................................................................................................................242
Priority-Based Flow Control......................................................................................................................................... 242
Enhanced Transmission Selection................................................................................................................................243
Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx).....................................................................................................244
Enabling Data Center Bridging..................................................................................................................................... 245
DCB Maps and its Attributes..................................................................................................................................245
Data Center Bridging: Default Conguration..............................................................................................................246
Conguring Priority-Based Flow Control.................................................................................................................... 246
Conguring Lossless Queues..................................................................................................................................247
Conguring PFC in a DCB Map................................................................................................................................... 248
PFC Conguration Notes........................................................................................................................................248
PFC Prerequisites and Restrictions....................................................................................................................... 249
Applying a DCB Map on a Port....................................................................................................................................250
Conguring PFC without a DCB Map.........................................................................................................................250
Conguring Lossless QueuesExample:...................................................................................................................251
Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buer Method....................................................................................252
Pause and Resume of Trac..................................................................................................................................252
Buer Sizes for Lossless or PFC Packets............................................................................................................ 253
Behavior of Tagged Packets.........................................................................................................................................253
Operations on Untagged Packets................................................................................................................................254
Conguration Example for DSCP and PFC Priorities................................................................................................254
SNMP Support for PFC and Buer Statistics Tracking........................................................................................... 255
Generation of PFC for a Priority for Untagged Packets...........................................................................................255
Performing PFC Using DSCP Bits Instead of 802.1p Bits.........................................................................................255
PFC and ETS Conguration Examples........................................................................................................................256
Using PFC to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac.................................................................................................. 256
Congure Enhanced Transmission Selection............................................................................................................. 256
ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions........................................................................................................................257
Creating an ETS Priority Group..............................................................................................................................257
ETS Operation with DCBx......................................................................................................................................258
Conguring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN................................................................................................ 258
Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies......................................................................................................... 259
Applying the DCB Policies on Linecard....................................................................................................................... 260
Applying DCB Policies on SFM Ports..........................................................................................................................260
Using ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac...................................................................................................260
Congure a DCBx Operation........................................................................................................................................260
DCBx Operation........................................................................................................................................................261
DCBx Port Roles.......................................................................................................................................................261
Contents
9
DCB Conguration Exchange................................................................................................................................ 262
Conguration Source Election................................................................................................................................263
Propagation of DCB Information............................................................................................................................263
Auto-Detection and Manual Conguration of the DCBx Version...................................................................... 263
DCBx Example..........................................................................................................................................................264
DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions.....................................................................................................................264
Conguring DCBx....................................................................................................................................................265
Verifying the DCB Conguration................................................................................................................................. 268
QoS dot1p Trac Classication and Queue Assignment.......................................................................................... 275
Conguring the Dynamic Buer Method....................................................................................................................275
Sample DCB Conguration........................................................................................................................................... 277
PFC and ETS Conguration Command Examples...............................................................................................278
13 Debugging and Diagnostics.......................................................................................................................279
Oine Diagnostics......................................................................................................................................................... 279
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................279
Running Oine Diagnostics....................................................................................................................................279
Examples of Running Oine Diagnostics............................................................................................................. 288
TRACE Logs................................................................................................................................................................... 295
Auto Save on Crash or Rollover.............................................................................................................................295
Last Restart Reason......................................................................................................................................................295
show hardware Commands..........................................................................................................................................295
Environmental Monitoring.............................................................................................................................................298
Display Power Supply Status..................................................................................................................................298
Display Fan Status................................................................................................................................................... 299
Display Transceiver Type.........................................................................................................................................299
Recognize an Over-Temperature Condition.......................................................................................................... 301
Troubleshoot an Over-Temperature Condition..................................................................................................... 302
Troubleshooting Packet Loss........................................................................................................................................303
Displaying Drop Counters........................................................................................................................................303
Displaying Dataplane Statistics.............................................................................................................................. 306
Displaying Line Card Counters................................................................................................................................307
Accessing Application Core Dumps.............................................................................................................................308
Mini Core Dumps........................................................................................................................................................... 309
Full Kernel Core Dumps.................................................................................................................................................309
Enabling TCP Dumps.................................................................................................................................................... 309
14 Dynamic Host Conguration Protocol (DHCP).......................................................................................... 311
DHCP Packet Format and Options...............................................................................................................................311
Assign an IP Address using DHCP................................................................................................................................313
Implementation Information.......................................................................................................................................... 313
Congure the System to be a DHCP Server.............................................................................................................. 314
Conguring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation...................................................................................314
Specifying a Default Gateway.................................................................................................................................316
Congure a Method of Hostname Resolution...................................................................................................... 316
Using DNS for Address Resolution.........................................................................................................................316
10
Contents
Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution...................................................................................................... 316
Creating Manual Binding Entries.............................................................................................................................317
Debugging the DHCP Server.................................................................................................................................. 317
Using DHCP Clear Commands................................................................................................................................317
Congure the System to be a Relay Agent................................................................................................................. 318
Congure the System to be a DHCP Client............................................................................................................... 320
DHCP Client on a Management Interface............................................................................................................320
DHCP Client Operation with Other Features.......................................................................................................320
Congure Secure DHCP................................................................................................................................................321
Option 82...................................................................................................................................................................321
DHCP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................................322
Conguring the DHCP secondary-subnet............................................................................................................325
Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only....................................................................................................326
Dynamic ARP Inspection.........................................................................................................................................326
Conguring Dynamic ARP Inspection....................................................................................................................327
Source Address Validation............................................................................................................................................ 328
Enabling IP Source Address Validation..................................................................................................................328
DHCP MAC Source Address Validation................................................................................................................ 329
Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation.......................................................................................................329
Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets................................................................................................... 330
Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets...................................................................................................330
15 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP).................................................................................................................331
ECMP for Flow-Based Anity......................................................................................................................................331
Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop............................................................................................................... 331
Conguring the Hash Algorithm Seed................................................................................................................... 331
Link Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................................................. 332
Managing ECMP Group Paths...............................................................................................................................332
Creating an ECMP Group Bundle..........................................................................................................................333
Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold.................................................................................................................333
RTAG7............................................................................................................................................................................. 334
Flow-based Hashing for ECMP................................................................................................................................... 335
ECMP Support in L3 Host and LPM Tables............................................................................................................... 338
16 FIP Snooping............................................................................................................................................339
Fibre Channel over Ethernet........................................................................................................................................ 339
Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network............................................................................................339
FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges...............................................................................................................................341
Using FIP Snooping....................................................................................................................................................... 343
FIP Snooping Prerequisites.....................................................................................................................................343
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................343
Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature........................................................................................................................344
Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs.............................................................................................................................344
Congure the FC-MAP Value................................................................................................................................ 345
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link.......................................................................................................345
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link...........................................................................................................345
Contents
11
Impact on Other Software Features..................................................................................................................... 345
FIP Snooping Restrictions...................................................................................................................................... 346
Conguring FIP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................346
FCoE Transit Conguration Example...........................................................................................................................347
Displaying FIP Snooping Information...........................................................................................................................348
17 FIPS Cryptography...................................................................................................................................352
Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................................... 352
Preparing the System....................................................................................................................................................352
Enabling FIPS Mode...................................................................................................................................................... 353
Generating Host-Keys...................................................................................................................................................353
Monitoring FIPS Mode Status......................................................................................................................................353
Disabling FIPS Mode..................................................................................................................................................... 356
18 Flex Hash..................................................................................................................................................357
Flex Hash Capability Overview.....................................................................................................................................357
Conguring the Flex Hash Mechanism....................................................................................................................... 357
RDMA Over Converged Ethernet (RoCE) Overview............................................................................................... 358
Preserving 802.1Q VLAN Tag Value for Lite Subinterfaces...................................................................................... 359
19 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)...................................................................................................360
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................360
Ring Status................................................................................................................................................................361
Multiple FRRP Rings................................................................................................................................................ 361
Important FRRP Points...........................................................................................................................................362
Important FRRP Concepts..................................................................................................................................... 363
Implementing FRRP.......................................................................................................................................................364
FRRP Conguration...................................................................................................................................................... 364
Creating the FRRP Group.......................................................................................................................................364
Conguring the Control VLAN...............................................................................................................................365
Conguring and Adding the Member VLANs...................................................................................................... 366
Setting the FRRP Timers........................................................................................................................................367
Clearing the FRRP Counters.................................................................................................................................. 367
Viewing the FRRP Conguration........................................................................................................................... 367
Viewing the FRRP Information...............................................................................................................................367
Troubleshooting FRRP.................................................................................................................................................. 368
Conguration Checks..............................................................................................................................................368
Sample Conguration and Topology............................................................................................................................368
FRRP Support on VLT...................................................................................................................................................369
Example Scenario.....................................................................................................................................................370
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 371
20 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)............................................................................................. 372
Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................................372
Congure GVRP.............................................................................................................................................................373
Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 373
12
Contents
Enabling GVRP Globally.................................................................................................................................................374
Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface........................................................................................................................ 374
Congure GVRP Registration.......................................................................................................................................374
Congure a GARP Timer...............................................................................................................................................375
21 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)..........................................................................................376
IGMP Implementation Information...............................................................................................................................376
IGMP Protocol Overview.............................................................................................................................................. 376
IGMP Version 2........................................................................................................................................................ 376
IGMP Version 3........................................................................................................................................................ 378
Congure IGMP..............................................................................................................................................................381
Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................381
Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces............................................................................................................................... 382
Selecting an IGMP Version........................................................................................................................................... 382
Viewing IGMP Groups...................................................................................................................................................382
Adjusting Timers............................................................................................................................................................ 383
Adjusting Query and Response Timers................................................................................................................. 383
Adjusting the IGMP Querier Timeout Value......................................................................................................... 384
Conguring a Static IGMP Group................................................................................................................................384
Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave.................................................................................................................................384
IGMP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................................385
IGMP Snooping Implementation Information.......................................................................................................385
Conguring IGMP Snooping...................................................................................................................................385
Removing a Group-Port Association.....................................................................................................................386
Disabling Multicast Flooding...................................................................................................................................386
Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router...................................................................................... 386
Conguring the Switch as Querier.........................................................................................................................387
Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes................................................................................................... 387
Designating a Multicast Router Interface................................................................................................................... 387
22 Interfaces................................................................................................................................................ 388
Basic Interface Conguration.......................................................................................................................................388
Advanced Interface Conguration...............................................................................................................................388
Port Numbering Convention........................................................................................................................................ 389
Interface Types...............................................................................................................................................................390
View Basic Interface Information.................................................................................................................................390
Resetting an Interface to its Factory Default State................................................................................................... 391
Enabling a Physical Interface........................................................................................................................................392
Physical Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................................392
Port-Pipes.................................................................................................................................................................393
Network Processing Units (NPUs)........................................................................................................................393
Conguration Task List for Physical Interfaces.................................................................................................... 393
Overview of Layer Modes...................................................................................................................................... 394
Conguring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode..................................................................................................................394
Conguring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode.................................................................................................................. 394
Conguring Layer 3 (Network) Mode...................................................................................................................395
Contents
13
Conguring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode.................................................................................................................. 395
Egress Interface Selection (EIS)..................................................................................................................................396
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 396
Conguring EIS........................................................................................................................................................ 396
Management Interfaces................................................................................................................................................397
Conguring Management Interfaces.....................................................................................................................397
Conguring a Management Interface on an Ethernet Port............................................................................... 398
VLAN Interfaces............................................................................................................................................................ 399
Loopback Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................400
Null Interfaces................................................................................................................................................................ 400
Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................................................400
Port Channel Denition and Standards................................................................................................................. 401
Port Channel Benets..............................................................................................................................................401
Port Channel Implementation................................................................................................................................. 401
Interfaces in Port Channels.................................................................................................................................... 402
Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces.................................................................................................402
Creating a Port Channel..........................................................................................................................................402
Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.....................................................................................................403
Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel................................................................................................404
Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel.............................................................................. 405
Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN............................................................................................. 405
Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel.......................................................................................................... 406
Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel..................................................................................................................... 407
Load Balancing Through Port Channels................................................................................................................407
Changing the Hash Algorithm................................................................................................................................ 407
Bulk Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 408
Interface Range....................................................................................................................................................... 408
Bulk Conguration Examples..................................................................................................................................408
Dening Interface Range Macros.................................................................................................................................410
Dene the Interface Range......................................................................................................................................411
Choosing an Interface-Range Macro......................................................................................................................411
Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces......................................................................................................................... 411
Displaying Trac Statistics on HiGig Ports................................................................................................................. 412
Link Bundle Monitoring.................................................................................................................................................. 412
Monitoring HiGig Link Bundles......................................................................................................................................413
Guidelines for Monitoring HiGig Link-Bundles ..................................................................................................... 414
Enabling HiGig Link-Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................. 414
Splitting 40G Ports without Reload............................................................................................................................. 415
Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports............................................................................................................................415
Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port.............................................................................416
Conguring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics.................................................................................................417
Link Dampening...............................................................................................................................................................417
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 418
Enabling Link Dampening.........................................................................................................................................418
Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control.........................................................................................................419
14
Contents
Enabling Pause Frames........................................................................................................................................... 420
Congure the MTU Size on an Interface.....................................................................................................................421
Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces....................................................................................................................421
Set Auto-Negotiation Options................................................................................................................................422
View Advanced Interface Information.........................................................................................................................422
Conguring the Interface Sampling Size...............................................................................................................423
Conguring the Trac Sampling Size Globally...........................................................................................................424
Dynamic Counters......................................................................................................................................................... 425
Clearing Interface Counters....................................................................................................................................426
23 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)...........................................................................................................427
Conguring IPSec ......................................................................................................................................................... 427
24 IPv4 Routing............................................................................................................................................ 429
IP Addresses...................................................................................................................................................................430
Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................430
Conguration Tasks for IP Addresses..........................................................................................................................430
Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface.......................................................................................................................430
Conguring Static Routes............................................................................................................................................. 431
Congure Static Routes for the Management Interface.......................................................................................... 432
Enabling Directed Broadcast........................................................................................................................................ 432
Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................................................433
Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................433
Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains................................................................................... 433
Conguring DNS with Traceroute................................................................................................................................434
ARP................................................................................................................................................................................. 435
Conguration Tasks for ARP........................................................................................................................................ 435
Conguring Static ARP Entries....................................................................................................................................435
Enabling Proxy ARP.......................................................................................................................................................436
Clearing ARP Cache......................................................................................................................................................436
ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................................436
Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................436
ARP Learning via ARP Request....................................................................................................................................437
Conguring ARP Retries............................................................................................................................................... 437
ICMP............................................................................................................................................................................... 438
Conguration Tasks for ICMP...................................................................................................................................... 438
Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages...................................................................................................................... 438
UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................................439
Congure UDP Helper.............................................................................................................................................439
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 439
Enabling UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................439
Conguring a Broadcast Address................................................................................................................................ 439
Congurations Using UDP Helper............................................................................................................................... 440
UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses.................................................................................................................440
UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses..........................................................................................................441
UDP Helper with Congured Broadcast Addresses...................................................................................................441
Contents
15
UDP Helper with No Congured Broadcast Addresses............................................................................................442
Troubleshooting UDP Helper........................................................................................................................................ 442
25 IPv6 Routing............................................................................................................................................443
Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 443
Extended Address Space........................................................................................................................................444
Stateless Autoconguration................................................................................................................................... 444
IPv6 Headers............................................................................................................................................................444
IPv6 Header Fields...................................................................................................................................................445
Extension Header Fields..........................................................................................................................................447
Addressing................................................................................................................................................................ 448
Implementing IPv6 with Dell Networking OS............................................................................................................. 449
Longest Prex Match (LPM) Table and IPv6 /65 – /128 support......................................................................... 449
ICMPv6...........................................................................................................................................................................449
Path MTU Discovery.....................................................................................................................................................449
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery..............................................................................................................................................450
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets........................................................................................................... 451
Conguration Task List for IPv6 RDNSS............................................................................................................... 451
Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport..............................................................................................................453
Conguration Tasks for IPv6........................................................................................................................................453
Adjusting Your CAM-Prole....................................................................................................................................454
Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface...........................................................................................................454
Assigning a Static IPv6 Route................................................................................................................................455
Conguring Telnet with IPv6..................................................................................................................................455
SNMP over IPv6......................................................................................................................................................456
Displaying IPv6 Information....................................................................................................................................456
Displaying an IPv6 Interface Information.............................................................................................................. 456
Showing IPv6 Routes.............................................................................................................................................. 457
Showing the Running-Conguration for an Interface......................................................................................... 458
Clearing IPv6 Routes...............................................................................................................................................459
Disabling ND Entry Timeout................................................................................................................................... 459
Conguring IPv6 RA Guard.......................................................................................................................................... 459
Conguring IPv6 RA Guard on an Interface..........................................................................................................461
Monitoring IPv6 RA Guard......................................................................................................................................462
26 iSCSI Optimization...................................................................................................................................463
iSCSI Optimization Overview....................................................................................................................................... 463
Default iSCSI Optimization Values...............................................................................................................................465
iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites................................................................................................................................. 465
Conguring iSCSI Optimization................................................................................................................................... 465
Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information..................................................................................................................467
Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization.......................................................................................................................469
Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer.......................................................................469
Monitoring iSCSI Trac Flows.....................................................................................................................................469
Information Monitored in iSCSI Trac Flows............................................................................................................. 470
Detection and Auto-Conguration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays................................................................................. 470
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Contents
Conguring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays....................................................................................471
Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Trac Flows............................................................................................ 471
27 Intermediate System to Intermediate System...........................................................................................472
IS-IS Protocol Overview................................................................................................................................................472
IS-IS Addressing.............................................................................................................................................................472
Multi-Topology IS-IS.......................................................................................................................................................473
Transition Mode........................................................................................................................................................473
Interface Support.....................................................................................................................................................474
Adjacencies............................................................................................................................................................... 474
Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................................................474
Timers........................................................................................................................................................................474
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................474
Conguration Information............................................................................................................................................. 475
Conguration Tasks for IS-IS..................................................................................................................................476
Conguring the Distance of a Route.....................................................................................................................483
Changing the IS-Type.............................................................................................................................................. 484
Redistributing IPv4 Routes.....................................................................................................................................486
Redistributing IPv6 Routes..................................................................................................................................... 487
Conguring Authentication Passwords.................................................................................................................488
Setting the Overload Bit......................................................................................................................................... 488
Debugging IS-IS....................................................................................................................................................... 489
IS-IS Metric Styles.........................................................................................................................................................490
Congure Metric Values............................................................................................................................................... 490
Maximum Values in the Routing Table.................................................................................................................. 490
Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only................................................................................................490
Leaks from One Level to Another..........................................................................................................................492
Sample Congurations.................................................................................................................................................. 493
28 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP).............................................................................................. 495
Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP.................................................................................................................. 495
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 495
LACP Modes............................................................................................................................................................ 496
Conguring LACP Commands...............................................................................................................................496
LACP Conguration Tasks............................................................................................................................................ 497
Creating a LAG......................................................................................................................................................... 497
Conguring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic........................................................................................................ 497
Setting the LACP Long Timeout............................................................................................................................498
Monitoring and Debugging LACP..........................................................................................................................498
Shared LAG State Tracking.......................................................................................................................................... 499
Conguring Shared LAG State Tracking...............................................................................................................499
Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking............................................................................................501
LACP Basic Conguration Example............................................................................................................................. 501
Congure a LAG on ALPHA....................................................................................................................................501
29 Layer 2..................................................................................................................................................... 510
Contents
17
Manage the MAC Address Table..................................................................................................................................510
Clearing the MAC Address Table............................................................................................................................510
Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries.........................................................................................................510
Conguring a Static MAC Address......................................................................................................................... 511
Displaying the MAC Address Table..........................................................................................................................511
MAC Learning Limit.........................................................................................................................................................511
Setting the MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................. 512
mac learning-limit Dynamic..................................................................................................................................... 512
mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky.................................................................................................................. 512
mac learning-limit station-move............................................................................................................................. 513
mac learning-limit no-station-move....................................................................................................................... 513
Learning Limit Violation Actions..............................................................................................................................513
Setting Station Move Violation Actions................................................................................................................. 514
Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations............................................................................514
Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System....................................................................................................... 515
NIC Teaming....................................................................................................................................................................515
Congure Redundant Pairs........................................................................................................................................... 516
Important Points about Conguring Redundant Pairs.........................................................................................518
Far-End Failure Detection..............................................................................................................................................519
FEFD State Changes...............................................................................................................................................520
Conguring FEFD.................................................................................................................................................... 520
Enabling FEFD on an Interface............................................................................................................................... 521
Debugging FEFD......................................................................................................................................................522
30 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)..................................................................................................... 524
802.1AB (LLDP) Overview............................................................................................................................................524
Protocol Data Units................................................................................................................................................. 524
Optional TLVs................................................................................................................................................................. 525
Management TLVs.................................................................................................................................................. 525
TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview.................................................................................................................................527
TIA Organizationally Specic TLVs........................................................................................................................ 527
Congure LLDP.............................................................................................................................................................. 531
Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................531
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 531
LLDP Compatibility..................................................................................................................................................532
CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Congurations............................................................................................ 532
Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................................................532
Disabling and Undoing LLDP.................................................................................................................................. 533
Enabling LLDP on Management Ports........................................................................................................................533
Disabling and Undoing LLDP on Management Ports.......................................................................................... 533
Advertising TLVs............................................................................................................................................................ 533
Viewing the LLDP Conguration................................................................................................................................. 534
Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents..................................................................................... 535
Conguring LLDPDU Intervals.....................................................................................................................................536
Conguring Transmit and Receive Mode....................................................................................................................537
Conguring the Time to Live Value..............................................................................................................................537
18
Contents
Debugging LLDP............................................................................................................................................................538
Relevant Management Objects................................................................................................................................... 539
31 Microsoft Network Load Balancing...........................................................................................................544
NLB Unicast and Multicast Modes..............................................................................................................................544
NLB Unicast Mode Example.................................................................................................................................. 544
NLB Multicast Mode Example............................................................................................................................... 544
NLB Benets..................................................................................................................................................................545
NLB Restrictions............................................................................................................................................................545
NLB VLAN Flooding...................................................................................................................................................... 545
Conguring NLB on a Switch.......................................................................................................................................546
32 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)......................................................................................... 547
Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 547
Anycast RP.....................................................................................................................................................................548
Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 549
Congure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol........................................................................................................549
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................549
Enable MSDP.................................................................................................................................................................553
Manage the Source-Active Cache..............................................................................................................................554
Viewing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................ 554
Limiting the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................554
Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................555
Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache.......................................................................................................555
Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check..................................................................................... 555
Specifying Source-Active Messages...........................................................................................................................558
Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer...................................................................................................559
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source.......................................................................................................559
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source..................................................................................................560
Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source................................................................................................. 560
Logging Changes in Peership States........................................................................................................................... 561
Terminating a Peership.................................................................................................................................................. 561
Clearing Peer Statistics.................................................................................................................................................562
Debugging MSDP..........................................................................................................................................................562
MSDP with Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................563
Conguring Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................564
Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding........................................................................................................ 565
Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages..............................................................................................565
MSDP Sample Congurations..................................................................................................................................... 565
33 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP).................................................................................................567
Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 567
Spanning Tree Variations.............................................................................................................................................. 568
Implementation Information................................................................................................................................... 568
Congure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol................................................................................................................568
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................569
Contents
19
Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally...................................................................................................................... 569
Adding and Removing Interfaces.................................................................................................................................569
Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances................................................................................................................ 570
Inuencing MSTP Root Selection................................................................................................................................570
Interoperate with Non-Dell Bridges..............................................................................................................................571
Changing the Region Name or Revision...................................................................................................................... 571
Modifying Global Parameters....................................................................................................................................... 572
Modifying the Interface Parameters............................................................................................................................573
Conguring an EdgePort...............................................................................................................................................574
Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change........................................................................................................574
MSTP Sample Congurations......................................................................................................................................575
Router 1 Running-CongurationRouter 2 Running-CongurationRouter 3 Running-
CongurationSFTOS Example Running-Conguration....................................................................................... 575
Debugging and Verifying MSTP Congurations........................................................................................................ 576
34 Multicast Features................................................................................................................................... 578
Enabling IP Multicast.....................................................................................................................................................578
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................578
First Packet Forwarding for Lossless Multicast......................................................................................................... 579
Multicast Policies........................................................................................................................................................... 579
IPv4 Multicast Policies............................................................................................................................................ 579
Understanding Multicast Traceroute (mtrace).......................................................................................................... 586
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................587
Printing Multicast Traceroute (mtrace) Paths............................................................................................................587
Supported Error Codes.................................................................................................................................................588
mtrace Scenarios...........................................................................................................................................................589
35 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3)................................................................................... 595
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................595
Autonomous System (AS) Areas........................................................................................................................... 595
Area Types................................................................................................................................................................ 596
Networks and Neighbors........................................................................................................................................ 597
Router Types.............................................................................................................................................................597
Designated and Backup Designated Routers.......................................................................................................599
Link-State Advertisements (LSAs)........................................................................................................................599
Router Priority and Cost.........................................................................................................................................600
OSPF with Dell Networking OS....................................................................................................................................601
Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only)..............................................................................................................602
Multi-Process OSPFv2 with VRF..........................................................................................................................602
RFC-2328 Compliant OSPF Flooding................................................................................................................... 602
OSPF ACK Packing................................................................................................................................................. 603
Setting OSPF Adjacency with Cisco Routers...................................................................................................... 603
Conguration Information.............................................................................................................................................604
Conguration Task List for OSPFv2 (OSPF for IPv4)........................................................................................ 604
Sample Congurations for OSPFv2....................................................................................................................... 615
Conguration Task List for OSPFv3 (OSPF for IPv6)............................................................................................... 616
20
Contents
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