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ONS 15454 Series Multiservice Provisioning Platforms

Cisco ONS 15454 Series Multiservice Provisioning Platforms, ONS 15454 SONET Multiservice Provisioning Platform (MSPP) User guide

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Cisco ONS 15454 Engineering Planning
Guide
R5.0
November 2009
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Cisco ONS 15454 Enginnering Planning Guide
© 2007-2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
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CONTENTS
About this Guide xli
Revision History xli
Purpose of Reissue xlii
Document Objectives xlii
Audience xlii
Document Organization xliii
Document Conventions xliv
Obtaining Optical Networking Information l
Where to Find Safety and Warning Information l
Cisco Optical Networking Product Documentation CD-ROM l
Obtaining Documentation and Submitting a Service Request l
CHAPTER
1System Overview 1-1
Introduction to the ONS 15454 1-1
ONS 15454 Shelf Assemblies and Backplane Hardware 1-2
Electrical Interface Assemblies 1-4
Alarm Expansion Panel 1-4
Cable Routing and Management 1-5
ONS 15454 Plug-in Cards and Slot Requirements 1-6
ONS 15454 Common Control Cards 1-7
ONS 15454 Interface Cards 1-7
ONS 15454 GBIC and SFP Connectors 1-11
ONS 15454 Network Management 1-11
SNMP Traps 1-11
ONS 15454 Connection Methods 1-12
Cisco Transport Controller 1-13
CTC Software Delivery Method 1-13
CTC Software Upgrade 1-13
CTC Software Revert 1-15
CTC Operations 1-15
Computer Requirements 1-16
CTC Windows 1-17
Node View 1-18
Contents
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CTC Card Colors 1-18
Node View Card Shortcuts 1-20
Node View Tabs 1-20
Network View 1-21
Card View 1-22
Card Reset 1-24
Network Configurations 1-25
New Features in Release 5.0.x 1-25
End of Life 1-26
CHAPTER
2SONET Transport 2-1
Rates and Formats 2-2
STS Concatenation 2-2
Concatenated STS Time Slot Assignments 2-2
VT Structure 2-4
M13 Multiplexing 2-6
Portless Transmux Function 2-7
Overhead Mapping 2-7
Data Communications Channel (DCC) Operations 2-10
DCC Tunneling 2-11
Traditional DCC Tunnels 2-11
IP-Encapsulated Tunnels 2-12
K1 and K2 Byte Switching 2-13
K3 Byte Remapping 2-14
J1 and J2 Path Trace 2-15
Path Signal Label, C2 Byte 2-16
Payload Mapping 2-17
Cross-Connects 2-25
XC Cross-Connect Card 2-25
XCVT Cross-Connect Card 2-27
XC-10G Cross-Connect Card 2-28
I/O Interfaces Cross-Connect Capabilities 2-28
VT1.5 Cross-Connects 2-29
VT Tunnels 2-32
VT Mapping 2-34
VT Aggregation Point (VAP) 2-35
Circuits 2-36
Circuit Properties 2-37
Contents
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Circuit Status 2-38
Circuit States 2-39
Circuit Protection Types 2-41
Circuit Information in the CTC Edit Circuit Window 2-42
VCAT Circuits 2-45
VCAT Circuit Size 2-45
VCAT Member Routing 2-46
LCAS 2-47
Portless Transmux Circuits 2-48
Multiple Destinations for Unidirectional Circuits 2-49
Monitor Circuits 2-50
Test Access 2-50
Path Protection Circuits 2-52
Open-Ended Path Protection Circuits 2-53
Go-and-Return Path Protection Routing 2-53
BLSR Protection Channel Access Circuits 2-54
Automatic Circuit Routing 2-54
Bandwidth Allocation and Routing 2-55
Secondary Sources and Destination 2-55
Manual Circuit Routing 2-56
TL1-Like Circuits 2-57
Merge Circuits 2-57
Reconfigure Circuits 2-58
TL1-CTC Circuit Unification 2-58
Synchronization and Timing 2-59
Network Clock Sources 2-59
Building Integrated Timing Supply (BITS) 2-60
Cesium Clock 2-60
Global Positioning System (GPS) 2-60
Synchronous Status Messaging (SSM) 2-60
Protection Switching 2-60
Path Protection Switching 2-61
Line Protection Switching 2-62
Automatic Protection Switching 2-63
1+1 Protection Switching 2-63
Optimized 1+1 Protection 2-65
External Switching Commands 2-66
Dual-Ring Interconnect—Path Protection 2-66
Dual Ring Interconnect—BLSR 2-69
Protection Switch Initiation Time 2-72
Contents
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Protection Switch Completion Time 2-73
Node Latency 2-73
Network Topologies 2-73
Terminal Mode 2-73
Linear Add/Drop Multiplexer Network 2-74
Path Protection 2-75
Common Path Protection Application 2-79
Two-Fiber Bidirectional Path Switched Ring 2-82
Four-Fiber BLSR 2-85
Four-Fiber Span and Ring Switching 2-86
BLSR Fiber Connections 2-88
Subtending Rings 2-90
Path-Protected Meshed Networks 2-93
Inservice Topology Conversions 2-95
Unprotected Point-to-Point or Linear ADM to Path Protection 2-95
Point-to-Point or Linear ADM to Two-Fiber BLSR 2-96
Path Protection to Two-Fiber BLSR 2-96
Two-Fiber BLSR to Four-Fiber BLSR 2-97
Add or Remove a Node from a Topology 2-97
SONET Span Upgrades 2-97
Span Upgrade Wizard 2-99
Manual Span Upgrades 2-99
CHAPTER
3SDH Transport Over SONET 3-1
Provisioning OC-N Ports for SDH 3-1
SDH to SONET Mapping 3-2
Synchronization 3-4
Protection 3-4
Alarm Reporting 3-4
SDH Over SONET Applications 3-5
STM-N Handoffs 3-5
SDH Aggregation 3-6
Hybrid Au3 SDH Aggregation 3-6
SDH Hairpinning 3-7
Managing Third-Party Network Equipment 3-7
CHAPTER
4DWDM 4-1
Design Guidelines 4-1
MSPP DWDM Applications 4-2
Contents
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MSTP Applications 4-2
Available Channels/Wavelength Frequencies 4-3
Adding Channels/Wavelengths 4-4
Channel Bit Rate and Modulation 4-6
Wavelength Management 4-6
Multi-Channel Frequency Stabilization 4-7
Channel Performance 4-7
Channel Dispersion 4-7
Power Launched 4-8
Optical Amplification 4-8
Fiber Types 4-11
Optical Power Budget 4-12
Metro DWDM Design Example 4-12
DWDM Card Reference 4-23
DWDM Cards 4-23
Multiplexer, Demultiplexer, and OADM Card Interface Classes 4-34
DWDM Node Configurations 4-37
Hub Node 4-37
Terminal Node 4-39
OADM Node 4-40
ROADM Node 4-44
Anti-ASE Node 4-46
Line Amplifier Node 4-47
OSC Regeneration Node 4-48
DWDM and TDM Hybrid Node Configurations 4-49
1+1 Protected Flexible Terminal Node 4-50
Scalable Terminal Node 4-53
Hybrid Terminal Node 4-56
Hybrid OADM Node 4-58
Hybrid Line Amplifier Node 4-58
Amplified TDM Node 4-60
DWDM Topologies 4-63
Hubbed Rings 4-63
Multi-hubbed Rings 4-64
Any-to-Any Rings 4-65
Meshed Rings 4-66
Linear Configurations 4-66
Single-Span Link 4-67
Hybrid Networks 4-68
Contents
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DWDM Network Topology Discovery 4-71
Optical Performance 4-72
Optical Performance for Linear Networks Without OADM Nodes 4-74
Optical Performance for ROADM Rings and Linear Networks 4-77
Optical Performance for Single-Span Networks 4-80
Automatic Power Control 4-81
APC at the Amplifier 4-82
APC at the Node 4-82
Managing APC 4-84
ROADM Power Equalization Monitoring 4-86
Span Loss Verification 4-86
Automatic Node Setup 4-87
Automatic Node Setup Parameters 4-90
Viewing and Provisioning ANS Parameters 4-91
CHAPTER
5Ethernet Features and Functions 5-1
E-Series Overview 5-1
E-Series Single-card EtherSwitch 5-3
E-Series Multicard EtherSwitch Group 5-4
E-Series Port-Mapped (Linear Mapper) 5-4
E-Series Circuit Configurations 5-6
E-Series Point-to-Point Ethernet Circuits 5-6
E-Series Shared Packet Ring Ethernet Circuits 5-7
E-Series Hub-and-Spoke Ethernet Circuits 5-8
E-Series Ethernet Manual Cross-Connects 5-8
Available Circuit Sizes For E-Series Modes 5-9
Total Bandwidth Available For E-Series Modes 5-9
E-Series Circuit Protection 5-9
E-Series Frame Processing 5-10
E-Series Frame Length 5-11
E-Series Buffer Size 5-11
IEEE 802.3z Flow Control 5-11
EtherChannel 5-12
E-Series Rate-Limiting 5-12
E-Series Latency 5-12
E-Series VLAN Support 5-13
E-Series Q-Tagging (IEEE 802.1Q) 5-14
E-Series Priority Queuing (IEEE 802.1Q) 5-15
E-Series Spanning Tree (IEEE 802.1D) 5-16
Contents
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E-Series Multi-Instance Spanning Tree and VLANs 5-19
Spanning Tree on a Circuit-by-Circuit Basis 5-19
E-Series Spanning Tree Parameters 5-19
E-Series Utilization Formula 5-20
MAC Forwarding Table 5-20
Hash Table 5-21
G-Series Overview 5-21
G-Series Ethernet Example 5-22
IEEE 802.3z Flow Control and Frame Buffering 5-22
Ethernet Link Integrity Support 5-23
Gigabit EtherChannel/IEEE 802.3ad Link Aggregation 5-24
G-Series Gigabit Ethernet Transponder Mode 5-25
Two-Port Bidirectional Transponder 5-27
One-Port Bidirectional Transponder 5-27
Two-Port Unidirectional Transponder 5-28
Enhanced State Model for Gigabit Ethernet Ports 5-30
G-Series Ethernet Circuit Configurations 5-30
Point-to-Point Ethernet Circuits 5-31
Manual Cross-Connects 5-31
J1 Path Trace Support 5-32
Utilization Formula 5-32
CE-100T-8 Overview 5-32
CE-100T-8 Ethernet Features 5-33
Autonegotiation, Flow Control, and Frame Buffering 5-33
Ethernet Link Integrity Support 5-34
IEEE 802.1Q CoS and IP ToS Queuing 5-35
RMON and SNMP Support 5-36
CE-100T-8 SONET Circuits and Features 5-37
CE-100T-8 Pools and STS/VT Allocation Tab 5-39
CE-100T-8 VCAT Characteristics 5-40
CE-100T-8 POS Encapsulation, Framing, and CRC 5-40
CE-100T-8 Loopback and J1 Path Trace Support 5-41
ML-Series Overview 5-41
Console Port and adaptor cable 5-42
ML-Series Features List 5-43
SONET Port Encapsulation 5-46
Link Aggregation (FEC, GEC, and POS) 5-46
SONET Circuits 5-47
VPN Routing/Forwarding (VRF) Lite 5-48
Contents
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Cisco IOS 5-49
GFP-F Framing 5-49
Interface Configuration 5-49
Packet Over SONET (POS) 5-49
Bridging 5-50
Spanning Tree Support 5-51
IEEE 802.1T Spanning Tree Extensions 5-51
Creating the Spanning Tree Topology 5-51
Spanning Tree Interface States 5-52
Spanning Tree Address Management 5-53
STP and IEEE 802.1Q Trunks 5-53
Spanning Tree and Redundant Connectivity 5-53
Accelerated Aging to Retain Connectivity 5-53
Rapid Spanning Tree (RSTP) Support 5-54
Rapid Convergence 5-54
Synchronization of Port Roles 5-54
Bridge Protocol Data Unit Format and Processing 5-55
Processing Superior BPDU Information 5-55
Processing Inferior BPDU Information 5-56
Topology Changes 5-56
Interoperability with IEEE 802.1D STP 5-56
VLAN Support 5-57
IEEE 802.1Q VLAN Encapsulation 5-57
IEEE 802.1Q and Layer 2 Protocol Tunneling 5-58
ML-Series QoS 5-61
Understanding CoS-based Packet Statistics (Software Release 4.6 and Later) 5-61
Classification 5-62
Policing 5-62
Marking and Discarding 5-63
Queuing 5-63
Scheduling 5-64
Multicast QoS 5-65
Control Packets and L2 Tunneled Protocols 5-66
Priority Marking 5-66
QinQ Implementation 5-66
Flow Control Pause and QoS 5-67
QoS on RPR 5-67
Resilient Packet Ring (RPR) 5-68
Packet Handling Operations 5-68
Ring Wrapping 5-69
Contents
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Dual RPR Interconnect 5-70
Understanding EoMPLS 5-71
EoMPLS Support 5-73
EoMPLS Restrictions 5-73
EoMPLS Quality of Service 5-73
EoMPLS Configuration Guidelines 5-74
RMON 5-74
SNMP 5-75
CHAPTER
6Technical Specifications 6-1
ONS 15454 Specifications 6-1
ONS 15454 Configurations 6-2
Physical Specifications 6-2
Environmental Specifications 6-3
Power Specifications 6-5
Bandwidth Capacity 6-5
Database Storage 6-5
Synchronization 6-5
BITS Interface 6-6
Operations Interface 6-6
Computer Requirements 6-6
Shelf Assemblies 6-8
Shelf Assembly Overview 6-9
Slot Assignments 6-10
Shelf Assembly Front Doors 6-12
Fan Tray Assembly 6-16
Backplane 6-19
Alarm Interface Panel 6-21
Alarm Interface Panel Replacement 6-22
Alarm Contacts 6-22
Alarm Expansion Panel 6-24
Electrical Interface Assemblies 6-24
EIA Configurations 6-25
Low-Density BNC EIA 6-26
High-Density BNC EIA 6-27
BNC Insertion and Removal Tool 6-28
MiniBNC EIA 6-29
Mini BNC Insertion and Removal Tool 6-29
SMB EIA 6-30
Contents
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AMP Champ EIA 6-31
UBIC-V EIA 6-32
UBIC-H EIA 6-34
Plug-in Cards 6-35
Card Replacement 6-36
Card Descriptions 6-36
LED Indicators 6-57
TCC+, TCC2, and TCC2P Cards 6-57
Card-Level Indicators 6-57
Network-Level Indicators 6-58
XC, XCVT, and XC10G Cards 6-58
Electrical, Optical, and DWDM Cards 6-58
Ethernet Cards 6-59
Card Port and Connector Information 6-60
Card Compatibility 6-63
GBIC and SFP Connectors 6-66
GBIC and SFP Card Compatibility 6-67
DWDM and CWDM GBICs 6-68
Network Element Defaults and Performance Monitoring Thresholds 6-69
Remote Monitoring Specification Alarm Thresholds 6-114
CHAPTER
7System Planning and Engineering 7-1
Shelf Configurations 7-1
MSPP Configurations 7-2
Point-to-Point Nodes 7-2
Linear ADM Nodes 7-3
Path Protection Nodes 7-3
Path Protection Fiber Connections 7-4
Two-Fiber BLSR Nodes 7-5
Fiber Connections for Two-Fiber BLSR Nodes 7-6
Four-Fiber BLSR Nodes 7-7
Fiber Connections to a Four-Fiber BLSR Node 7-8
Subtended Rings 7-9
MSTP Configurations 7-11
Hybrid Configuration 7-13
Shelf Assembly Configuration Rules 7-13
Shelf Assemblies 7-15
Fan-Tray Assemblies 7-16
Air Filter 7-17
Contents
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Card Slot Assignments 7-17
Common-Control Cards 7-19
Timing Control Cards (TCCs) 7-20
Cross-connect Cards (XCs) 7-22
Card and Hardware Compatibility 7-23
Filler Card 7-27
Electrical Interface Adapters (EIAs) 7-27
Shelf Installation 7-30
Typical Bay Installation 7-31
Mounting a Single Shelf 7-32
Mounting Multiple Shelves 7-33
OSP Cabinet Installations 7-33
Power and Grounding 7-34
Power Supplies 7-35
Power Feeds 7-35
Power Monitoring 7-37
Ground Connections 7-37
Alarm and Control Connections 7-39
Alarm Pins 7-40
Alarm Expansion Panel 7-42
Timing Connections 7-46
Operations Systems (OSS) LAN Connections 7-47
TL1 Craft Interface 7-48
Cabling 7-49
Cable Routing and Management Overview 7-52
Managing Fiber Optic Cables 7-53
Managing Ethernet Cables 7-56
Managing Coaxial Cables 7-59
Managing Twisted-Pair Cables 7-65
Managing AMP Champ Cables 7-66
Managing UBIC Cables 7-68
DS-1 Cables 7-70
DS-3/EC-1 Cables 7-70
DSX Wiring Verification Kits 7-72
Electrical Cable Management Using the Optional Tie-Down Bar 7-73
Standoffs and Rear Plastic Cover 7-74
Synchronization 7-75
Timing Guidelines 7-76
Timing and Synchronization Features 7-76
Contents
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External BITS Timing 7-78
Line Timing 7-78
Mixed Mode Timing 7-79
Free-running Mode 7-80
Holdover Mode 7-81
BITS Out 7-81
Synchronization Status Messaging 7-82
Setting Quality of RES 7-83
Using the ONS 15454 Without SSM 7-84
Network Synchronization Design 7-84
Number of Line Timed Spans (Daisy-chained) 7-85
2R and 3R DWDM Spans 7-85
Network Timing Example 7-85
Synchronization Failure Switching 7-86
Synchronization Switching Example 7-87
Synchronization Switching Time 7-91
Card Protection Configurations 7-91
OC-N Card Protection 7-91
1+1 Protection 7-92
Optimized 1+1 Protection 7-92
Electrical Card Protection 7-93
1:1 Protection 7-94
1:N Protection 7-95
1:N Protection Guidelines 7-96
Revertive Switching 7-98
Unprotected Cards 7-98
External Switching Commands 7-100
Transponder and Muxponder Card Protection 7-100
Y-Cable Protection 7-100
Splitter Protection 7-101
Ethernet Protection 7-102
Spanning Tree 7-102
Spanning Tree Parameters 7-102
Rapid Spanning Tree 7-103
SONET Protection for Ethernet Circuits 7-104
In-Service Low-Density to High-Density Upgrades 7-104
Upgrade Low-Density Electrical Cards to High-Density Electrical Cards 7-104
1:N Protection Groups 7-105
1:1 Protection Groups 7-105
Contents
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GBICs and SFPs 7-105
CHAPTER
8IP Networking 8-1
IP Networking Overview 8-1
IP Addressing Scenarios 8-2
Scenario 1: CTC and ONS 15454 Nodes on the Same Subnet 8-2
Scenario 2: CTC and ONS 15454 Nodes Connected to a Router 8-3
Scenario 3: Using Proxy ARP to Enable an ONS 15454 Gateway 8-4
Scenario 4: Default Gateway on the CTC Computer 8-6
Scenario 5: Using Static Routes to Connect to LANs 8-7
Scenario 6: Using OSPF 8-9
Scenario 7: Provisioning the ONS 15454 SOCKS Proxy Server 8-11
Proxy Server Port Reduction 8-12
Scenario 8: Dual GNEs on a Subnet 8-17
Scenario 9: IP Addressing with Secure Mode Enabled 8-19
Routing Table 8-21
Provisioning an External Firewall 8-23
Access Control List Example With Proxy Server Not Enabled 8-24
Access Control List Example With Proxy Server Enabled 8-25
Open GNE 8-25
Provisionable Patchcords 8-28
CHAPTER
9Applications and Configurations 9-1
Overview 9-2
Interoffice (IOF) Transport 9-2
Typcial IOF Node Configurations 9-3
Metro Transport 9-5
Access Transport 9-7
Open-Ended Path Protection Circuit 9-7
BLSR DRI 9-9
Path Protection DRI 9-12
Path Protection/BLSR DRI Handoff Configurations 9-15
Linear ADM Configurations 9-16
Terminal Mode 9-19
Traffic Aggregation 9-20
Optical Hub 9-21
Digital Cross-Connect Applications 9-22
3/1 DCS 9-22
Contents
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3/3 DCS 9-26
Regenerator Site 9-30
Passive DWDM Applications 9-31
Wavelength Multiplexer 9-32
MSTP DWDM Applications 9-33
Ethernet Applications 9-33
Ethernet Private Line 9-36
Transparent LAN Service 9-37
Metro Ethernet Solution 9-38
Resilient Packet Ring 9-39
Configuring ML-Series Cards for RPR 9-40
Configuring Cisco IOS on the ML-Series Cards for RPR/SPR 9-41
Ethernet over MPLS 9-42
Configuring EoMPLS 9-44
Cable Modem Aggregation 9-45
Wireless Networking 9-47
Video Transport 9-48
HFC Networks 9-48
Video Over IP 9-51
SAN Extension Options 9-54
Private Line Services 9-54
Wire Line Services (FCIP Over SONET) 9-55
APPENDIX
ACompliance A-1
Compliance Matrix A-1
OSMINE Process A-3
ONS 15454 Software Release 1.0 A-3
ONS 15454 Software Release 2.0 and 2.1 A-3
ONS 15454 Software Release 2.2 - Not Tested A-4
ONS 15454 Software Release 3.0 A-4
ONS 15454 Software Release 3.1 A-4
ONS 15454 Software Release 3.2 A-5
ONS 15454 Software Release 3.3 A-5
ONS 15454 Software Release 3.4 A-6
ONS 15454 Software Release 4.0 A-6
ONS 15454 Software Release 4.1 A-7
ONS 15454 Software Release 4.5 A-7
ONS 15454 Software Release 4.6 A-7
ONS 15454 Software Release 4.7 A-8
Contents
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ONS 15454 Software Release 5.0 A-8
APPENDIX
BSONET Primer B-1
Background of SONET B-1
Synchronous, Asynchronous, and Plesiochronous Signals B-2
SONET Signal Hierarchy B-2
SONET Frame Structure B-3
SONET Layers B-4
Section Overhead B-5
Line Overhead B-6
STS-1 Path Overhead B-8
SPE Values B-9
VT Path Overhead B-9
SONET Multiplexing B-10
Asynchronous Multiplexing B-10
M13 Format B-10
Synchronous Multiplexing B-10
SONET Network Configurations B-11
Point-to-Point B-11
Point-to-Multipoint B-12
Hub B-12
Ring B-13
Benefits of SONET B-14
Pointers B-14
Reduced Back-to-Back Multiplexing B-14
Optical Interconnect B-15
OAM&P Functionality B-15
Multipoint Configurations B-15
Convergence of Voice, Data, and Video B-15
Grooming B-15
Reduced Cabling and Use of DSX Panels B-16
Enhanced Performance Monitoring B-16
Convergence of SONET and SDH Hierarchies B-16
SDH B-17
Asynchronous and Synchronous Tributaries B-17
APPENDIX
CDWDM Primer C-1
Comparison of SONET TDM and Wave Division Multiplexing (WDM) C-1
Contents
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Value of DWDM in the Metropolitan Area Network C-2
DWDM System Functions C-2
DWDM Components and Operation C-3
Optical Fibers C-4
Multimode and Single-Mode Fiber C-5
Single-Mode Fiber Designs C-6
Transmission Challenges C-6
Attenuation C-7
Fundamentals Technology Optical Fibers C-7
Dispersion C-8
Chromatic Dispersion C-8
Polarization Mode Dispersion C-9
Other Nonlinear Effects C-10
Light Sources and Detectors C-10
Light Emitters - LEDs and Lasers C-11
Light Detectors C-12
Optical Amplifiers C-12
Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) C-12
Constant Gain Mode C-13
Gain Flatness C-13
Transient Suppression C-14
Low Noise C-14
Saturation-Protection Internal VOA C-14
DWDM Multiplexers and Demultiplexers C-14
Techniques for Multiplexing and Demultiplexing C-15
Optical Add/Drop Multiplexers C-18
Interfaces to DWDM C-18
Operation of a Transponder Based DWDM System C-19
ITU Grid C-20
APPENDIX
DOrdering D-1
How to Order D-1
Registered Cisco Direct Customers D-1
Order Direct From Cisco D-1
Order Through a Cisco Partner D-2
Order Through an Online Retailer D-2
List of Parts D-2
Contents
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Cisco ONS 15454 Engineering Planning Guide
November 2009
APPENDIX
EAcronyms E-1
G
LOSSARY
I
NDEX
Contents
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Cisco ONS 15454 Engineering Planning Guide
November 2009
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