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Networking Z9500

Dell Networking Z9500 User guide

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Dell Networking Configuration Guide for the
Z9500 Switch
9.11(0.0)
Notes, cautions, and warnings
NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product.
CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.
WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.
Copyright © 2017 Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved. Dell, EMC, and other trademarks are trademarks of Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. Other
trademarks may be trademarks of their respective owners.
2017 - 01
Rev. A00
Contents
1 About this Guide...........................................................................................................................................33
Audience............................................................................................................................................................................33
Conventions......................................................................................................................................................................33
Related Documents......................................................................................................................................................... 33
2 Configuration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................34
Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................34
CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................34
Navigating CLI Modes...............................................................................................................................................36
The do Command............................................................................................................................................................ 39
Undoing Commands........................................................................................................................................................ 39
Obtaining Help..................................................................................................................................................................40
Entering and Editing Commands................................................................................................................................... 40
Command History.............................................................................................................................................................41
Filtering show Command Outputs..................................................................................................................................41
Example of the grep Keyword.................................................................................................................................. 41
Multiple Users in Configuration Mode...........................................................................................................................43
3 Getting Started........................................................................................................................................... 44
Console Access................................................................................................................................................................45
Serial Console.............................................................................................................................................................45
Default Configuration...................................................................................................................................................... 46
Configuring a Host Name............................................................................................................................................... 46
Accessing the System Remotely................................................................................................................................... 46
Accessing the System Remotely............................................................................................................................. 46
Configure the Management Port IP Address.........................................................................................................47
Configure a Management Route..............................................................................................................................47
Configuring a Username and Password..................................................................................................................47
Configuring the Enable Password................................................................................................................................. 48
Configuration File Management.....................................................................................................................................48
Managing the File System........................................................................................................................................ 48
Copy Files to and from the System.........................................................................................................................49
Save the Running-Configuration............................................................................................................................. 50
Configure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario...............................................................................................50
Using HTTP for File Transfers................................................................................................................................. 50
View Configuration Files............................................................................................................................................51
Enabling Software Features on Devices Using a Command Option..........................................................................51
View Command History.................................................................................................................................................. 52
Upgrading Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................................... 52
Verify Software Images Before Installation..................................................................................................................52
4 Management............................................................................................................................................... 54
Contents
3
Configuring Privilege Levels........................................................................................................................................... 54
Creating a Custom Privilege Level.......................................................................................................................... 55
Removing a Command from EXEC Mode..............................................................................................................55
Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode....................................................................... 55
Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands................................................................................... 55
Allowing Access to Different Modes.......................................................................................................................55
Applying a Privilege Level to a Username...............................................................................................................57
Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line..........................................................................................................57
Configuring Logging........................................................................................................................................................ 57
Audit and Security Logs............................................................................................................................................58
Configuring Logging Format .................................................................................................................................. 60
Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server............................................................................................60
Track Login Activity..........................................................................................................................................................61
Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity.................................................................................................................. 61
Configuring Login Activity Tracking......................................................................................................................... 61
Display Login Statistics............................................................................................................................................. 62
Limit Concurrent Login Sessions................................................................................................................................... 63
Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions............................................................................63
Configuring Concurrent Session Limit.................................................................................................................... 64
Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions....................................................................................................64
Enabling Secured CLI Mode...........................................................................................................................................65
Log Messages in the Internal Buffer.............................................................................................................................65
Configuration Task List for System Log Management.........................................................................................65
Disabling System Logging...............................................................................................................................................65
Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................66
Configuring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.................................................................................................... 66
Display the Logging Buffer and the Logging Configuration....................................................................................... 66
Changing System Logging Settings.............................................................................................................................. 67
Configuring a UNIX Logging Facility Level................................................................................................................... 68
Synchronizing Log Messages.........................................................................................................................................69
Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages....................................................................................................................69
File Transfer Services......................................................................................................................................................70
Configuration Task List for File Transfer Services................................................................................................ 70
Enabling the FTP Server...........................................................................................................................................70
Configuring FTP Server Parameters.......................................................................................................................70
Configuring FTP Client Parameters......................................................................................................................... 71
Terminal Lines....................................................................................................................................................................71
Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line............................................................................................... 72
Configuring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines............................................................................................ 73
Setting Timeout for EXEC Privilege Mode................................................................................................................... 74
Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device......................................................................................................... 74
Lock CONFIGURATION Mode.......................................................................................................................................75
Viewing the Configuration Lock Status.................................................................................................................. 75
Recovering from a Forgotten Password on the Z9000 System............................................................................... 75
Ignoring the Startup Configuration and Booting from the Factory-Default Configuration....................................76
4
Contents
Recovering from a Failed Start on the Z9000 System............................................................................................... 77
Restoring the Factory Default Settings........................................................................................................................ 78
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................... 78
Restoring Factory Default Environment Variables.................................................................................................78
5 802.1X..........................................................................................................................................................81
Port-Authentication Process..........................................................................................................................................83
EAP over RADIUS......................................................................................................................................................83
Configuring 802.1X.......................................................................................................................................................... 84
Related Configuration Tasks.................................................................................................................................... 84
Important Points to Remember..................................................................................................................................... 84
Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................85
Configuring dot1x Profile ............................................................................................................................................... 86
Configuring the Static MAB and MAB Profile .............................................................................................................87
Configuring Critical VLAN ..............................................................................................................................................87
Configuring MAC addresses for a do1x Profile............................................................................................................ 88
Configuring Request Identity Re-Transmissions..........................................................................................................89
Configuring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication.....................................................................................89
Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port...............................................................................................................90
Re-Authenticating a Port................................................................................................................................................ 91
Configuring Timeouts......................................................................................................................................................92
Configuring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication.......................................................................... 93
Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs.......................................................................................................................... 94
Configuring a Guest VLAN....................................................................................................................................... 94
Configuring an Authentication-Fail VLAN...............................................................................................................94
6 Access Control Lists (ACLs)........................................................................................................................96
IP Access Control Lists (ACLs)......................................................................................................................................97
CAM Usage.................................................................................................................................................................97
Implementing ACLs on Dell Networking OS...........................................................................................................98
IP Fragment Handling.................................................................................................................................................... 100
IP Fragments ACL Examples.................................................................................................................................. 100
Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples.................................................................................................................................. 100
Configure a Standard IP ACL........................................................................................................................................ 101
Configuring a Standard IP ACL Filter.....................................................................................................................102
Configure an Extended IP ACL.....................................................................................................................................103
Configuring Filters with a Sequence Number.......................................................................................................103
Configuring Filters Without a Sequence Number................................................................................................ 104
Configure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs...........................................................................................................................105
Using ACL VLAN Groups.............................................................................................................................................. 106
Guidelines for Configuring ACL VLAN Groups..................................................................................................... 106
Configuring an ACL VLAN Group...........................................................................................................................106
Allocating ACL VLAN CAM..................................................................................................................................... 107
Applying an IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................................108
Configure Ingress ACLs...........................................................................................................................................108
Configure Egress ACLs........................................................................................................................................... 109
Contents
5
Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane).................................................................................................... 110
Counting ACL Hits.................................................................................................................................................... 110
IP Prefix Lists....................................................................................................................................................................111
Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................111
Configuration Task List for Prefix Lists...................................................................................................................111
ACL Resequencing..........................................................................................................................................................115
Resequencing an ACL or Prefix List....................................................................................................................... 115
Route Maps..................................................................................................................................................................... 116
Implementation Information.....................................................................................................................................117
Important Points to Remember.....................................................................................................................................117
Configuration Task List for Route Maps................................................................................................................ 117
Configuring Match Routes.......................................................................................................................................119
Configuring Set Conditions.....................................................................................................................................120
Configure a Route Map for Route Redistribution................................................................................................. 121
Configure a Route Map for Route Tagging...........................................................................................................122
Continue Clause........................................................................................................................................................122
Configuring UDF ACL.................................................................................................................................................... 123
Configuring IP Mirror Access Group............................................................................................................................126
Sample Configuration.............................................................................................................................................. 126
Example of viewing IP mirror–access–group applied to an Interface............................................................... 127
7 Bare Metal Provisioning (BMP)..................................................................................................................128
Support for BMP on the S6000 Switch......................................................................................................................128
Enhanced Behavior of the stop bmp Command........................................................................................................ 128
Removal of the Deprecated User-Defined String Parameter with reload-type Command..................................128
Service Tag Information in the Option 60 String....................................................................................................... 128
Replacement of stop jump-start Command With the stop bmp Command...........................................................128
8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD)..................................................................................................129
How BFD Works.............................................................................................................................................................129
BFD Packet Format................................................................................................................................................. 130
BFD Sessions.............................................................................................................................................................131
BFD Three-Way Handshake................................................................................................................................... 132
Session State Changes............................................................................................................................................134
Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................................134
Configure BFD................................................................................................................................................................ 134
Configure BFD for Static Routes........................................................................................................................... 135
Configure BFD for OSPF.........................................................................................................................................137
Configure BFD for OSPFv3.................................................................................................................................... 140
Configure BFD for IS-IS........................................................................................................................................... 141
Configure BFD for BGP...........................................................................................................................................143
Configure BFD for VRRP........................................................................................................................................ 150
Configuring Protocol Liveness................................................................................................................................153
9 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4)....................................................................................................154
Autonomous Systems (AS)...........................................................................................................................................154
6
Contents
Sessions and Peers........................................................................................................................................................ 156
Establish a Session...................................................................................................................................................156
Route Reflectors............................................................................................................................................................ 157
BGP Attributes............................................................................................................................................................... 158
Best Path Selection Criteria....................................................................................................................................159
Weight....................................................................................................................................................................... 160
Local Preference...................................................................................................................................................... 160
Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)........................................................................................................................... 161
Origin..........................................................................................................................................................................162
AS Path......................................................................................................................................................................163
Next Hop................................................................................................................................................................... 163
Multiprotocol BGP..........................................................................................................................................................163
Implement BGP with Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................164
Additional Path (Add-Path) Support..................................................................................................................... 164
Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes........................................................................................164
Ignore Router-ID in Best-Path Calculation........................................................................................................... 165
Four-Byte AS Numbers...........................................................................................................................................165
AS4 Number Representation..................................................................................................................................165
AS Number Migration.............................................................................................................................................. 167
BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)....................................................................................................... 168
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................168
Configuration Information............................................................................................................................................. 169
BGP Configuration......................................................................................................................................................... 169
Enabling BGP............................................................................................................................................................ 170
Configuring AS4 Number Representations...........................................................................................................173
Configuring Peer Groups.........................................................................................................................................175
Configuring BGP Fast Fall-Over............................................................................................................................. 177
Configuring Passive Peering................................................................................................................................... 179
Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration.................................................................................179
Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path.......................................................................................180
Enabling Neighbor Graceful Restart.......................................................................................................................181
Filtering on an AS-Path Attribute...........................................................................................................................182
Regular Expressions as Filters................................................................................................................................ 183
Redistributing Routes.............................................................................................................................................. 184
Enabling Additional Paths........................................................................................................................................185
Configuring IP Community Lists.............................................................................................................................185
Configuring an IP Extended Community List........................................................................................................186
Filtering Routes with Community Lists..................................................................................................................187
Manipulating the COMMUNITY Attribute.............................................................................................................188
Changing MED Attributes....................................................................................................................................... 189
Changing the LOCAL_PREFERENCE Attribute..................................................................................................190
Configuring the local System or a Different System to be the Next Hop for BGP-Learned Routes............190
Changing the WEIGHT Attribute............................................................................................................................ 191
Enabling Multipath.................................................................................................................................................... 191
Filtering BGP Routes............................................................................................................................................... 192
Contents
7
Filtering BGP Routes Using Route Maps.............................................................................................................. 193
Filtering BGP Routes Using AS-PATH Information............................................................................................. 194
Configuring BGP Route Reflectors........................................................................................................................194
Aggregating Routes................................................................................................................................................. 195
Configuring BGP Confederations...........................................................................................................................195
Enabling Route Flap Dampening.............................................................................................................................196
Changing BGP Timers............................................................................................................................................. 198
Enabling BGP Neighbor Soft-Reconfiguration.....................................................................................................199
Enabling or disabling BGP neighbors.....................................................................................................................200
Route Map Continue................................................................................................................................................201
Enabling MBGP Configurations....................................................................................................................................201
BGP Regular Expression Optimization........................................................................................................................202
Debugging BGP............................................................................................................................................................. 202
Storing Last and Bad PDUs....................................................................................................................................203
Capturing PDUs.......................................................................................................................................................204
PDU Counters..........................................................................................................................................................205
Sample Configurations..................................................................................................................................................205
10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM).......................................................................................................212
CAM Allocation............................................................................................................................................................... 212
Test CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................ 214
View CAM-ACL Settings...............................................................................................................................................214
View CAM Usage........................................................................................................................................................... 215
Return to the Default CAM Configuration..................................................................................................................216
CAM Optimization..........................................................................................................................................................216
Applications for CAM Profiling......................................................................................................................................216
LAG HashingLAG Hashing Based on Bidirectional Flow......................................................................................216
Unified Forwarding Table (UFT) Modes......................................................................................................................217
Configuring UFT Modes.......................................................................................................................................... 217
11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP).................................................................................................................. 219
Z9500 CoPP Implementation...................................................................................................................................... 220
Protocol-based Control Plane Policing..................................................................................................................221
Queue-based Control Plane Policing..................................................................................................................... 221
CoPP Example............................................................................................................................................................... 222
Configure Control Plane Policing.................................................................................................................................223
Configuring CoPP for Protocols............................................................................................................................223
Examples of Configuring CoPP for Protocols......................................................................................................226
Configuring CoPP for CPU Queues...................................................................................................................... 227
Examples of Configuring CoPP for CPU Queues................................................................................................228
Displaying CoPP Configuration .............................................................................................................................228
Troubleshooting CoPP Operation................................................................................................................................ 231
Enabling CPU Traffic Statistics.............................................................................................................................. 231
Viewing CPU Traffic Statistics............................................................................................................................... 231
Troubleshooting CPU Packet Loss........................................................................................................................232
Viewing Per-Protocol CoPP Counters..................................................................................................................234
8
Contents
Viewing Per-Queue CoPP Counters.....................................................................................................................236
12 Data Center Bridging (DCB).....................................................................................................................238
Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging.....................................................................................................239
Priority-Based Flow Control...................................................................................................................................240
Enhanced Transmission Selection..........................................................................................................................241
Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx).............................................................................................. 242
Data Center Bridging in a Traffic Flow................................................................................................................. 242
Priority-Based Flow Control.........................................................................................................................................242
Enhanced Transmission Selection............................................................................................................................... 243
Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx).................................................................................................... 244
Enabling Data Center Bridging.....................................................................................................................................245
DCB Maps and its Attributes................................................................................................................................. 245
Data Center Bridging: Default Configuration............................................................................................................. 246
Configuring Priority-Based Flow Control....................................................................................................................246
Configuring Lossless Queues................................................................................................................................. 247
Configuring PFC in a DCB Map................................................................................................................................... 248
PFC Configuration Notes....................................................................................................................................... 248
PFC Prerequisites and Restrictions.......................................................................................................................249
Applying a DCB Map on a Port....................................................................................................................................250
Configuring PFC without a DCB Map.........................................................................................................................250
Configuring Lossless QueuesExample:.................................................................................................................. 251
Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buffer Method...................................................................................252
Pause and Resume of Traffic.................................................................................................................................252
Buffer Sizes for Lossless or PFC Packets............................................................................................................253
Behavior of Tagged Packets........................................................................................................................................253
Operations on Untagged Packets............................................................................................................................... 254
Configuration Example for DSCP and PFC Priorities............................................................................................... 254
SNMP Support for PFC and Buffer Statistics Tracking.......................................................................................... 255
Generation of PFC for a Priority for Untagged Packets..........................................................................................255
Performing PFC Using DSCP Bits Instead of 802.1p Bits........................................................................................255
PFC and ETS Configuration Examples....................................................................................................................... 256
Using PFC to Manage Converged Ethernet Traffic................................................................................................. 256
Configure Enhanced Transmission Selection.............................................................................................................256
ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions.......................................................................................................................257
Creating an ETS Priority Group............................................................................................................................. 257
ETS Operation with DCBx......................................................................................................................................258
Configuring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN................................................................................................ 258
Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies.........................................................................................................259
Applying the DCB Policies on Linecard.......................................................................................................................260
Applying DCB Policies on SFM Ports..........................................................................................................................260
Using ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Traffic..................................................................................................260
Configure a DCBx Operation....................................................................................................................................... 260
DCBx Operation........................................................................................................................................................261
DCBx Port Roles.......................................................................................................................................................261
DCB Configuration Exchange................................................................................................................................ 262
Contents
9
Configuration Source Election............................................................................................................................... 263
Propagation of DCB Information........................................................................................................................... 263
Auto-Detection and Manual Configuration of the DCBx Version..................................................................... 263
DCBx Example......................................................................................................................................................... 264
DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions.................................................................................................................... 264
Configuring DCBx....................................................................................................................................................265
Verifying the DCB Configuration.................................................................................................................................268
QoS dot1p Traffic Classification and Queue Assignment......................................................................................... 275
Configuring the Dynamic Buffer Method................................................................................................................... 275
Sample DCB Configuration...........................................................................................................................................277
PFC and ETS Configuration Command Examples...............................................................................................278
13 Debugging and Diagnostics.......................................................................................................................279
Offline Diagnostics.........................................................................................................................................................279
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 279
Running Offline Diagnostics................................................................................................................................... 279
Examples of Running Offline Diagnostics.............................................................................................................288
TRACE Logs...................................................................................................................................................................295
Auto Save on Crash or Rollover............................................................................................................................ 295
Last Restart Reason......................................................................................................................................................295
show hardware Commands......................................................................................................................................... 295
Environmental Monitoring............................................................................................................................................ 298
Display Power Supply Status................................................................................................................................. 298
Display Fan Status...................................................................................................................................................299
Display Transceiver Type........................................................................................................................................299
Recognize an Over-Temperature Condition.........................................................................................................301
Troubleshoot an Over-Temperature Condition................................................................................................... 302
Troubleshooting Packet Loss.......................................................................................................................................303
Displaying Drop Counters....................................................................................................................................... 303
Displaying Dataplane Statistics..............................................................................................................................306
Displaying Line Card Counters............................................................................................................................... 307
Accessing Application Core Dumps.............................................................................................................................308
Mini Core Dumps...........................................................................................................................................................309
Full Kernel Core Dumps................................................................................................................................................ 309
Enabling TCP Dumps..................................................................................................................................................... 310
14 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)..........................................................................................311
DHCP Packet Format and Options...............................................................................................................................311
Assign an IP Address using DHCP................................................................................................................................313
Implementation Information.......................................................................................................................................... 313
Configure the System to be a DHCP Server..............................................................................................................314
Configuring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation..................................................................................314
Specifying a Default Gateway................................................................................................................................ 316
Configure a Method of Hostname Resolution......................................................................................................316
Using DNS for Address Resolution........................................................................................................................ 316
Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution......................................................................................................316
10
Contents
Creating Manual Binding Entries............................................................................................................................ 317
Debugging the DHCP Server..................................................................................................................................317
Using DHCP Clear Commands............................................................................................................................... 317
Configure the System to be a Relay Agent................................................................................................................ 318
Configure the System to be a DHCP Client...............................................................................................................320
DHCP Client on a Management Interface............................................................................................................320
DHCP Client Operation with Other Features...................................................................................................... 320
Configure Secure DHCP................................................................................................................................................321
Option 82...................................................................................................................................................................321
DHCP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................................322
Configuring the DHCP secondary-subnet............................................................................................................325
Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only................................................................................................... 326
Dynamic ARP Inspection........................................................................................................................................ 326
Configuring Dynamic ARP Inspection................................................................................................................... 327
Source Address Validation............................................................................................................................................328
Enabling IP Source Address Validation................................................................................................................. 328
DHCP MAC Source Address Validation................................................................................................................329
Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation......................................................................................................329
Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets...................................................................................................330
Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets.................................................................................................. 330
15 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)................................................................................................................ 331
ECMP for Flow-Based Affinity..................................................................................................................................... 331
Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop...............................................................................................................331
Configuring the Hash Algorithm Seed................................................................................................................... 331
Link Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................................................. 332
Managing ECMP Group Paths...............................................................................................................................332
Creating an ECMP Group Bundle..........................................................................................................................333
Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold................................................................................................................ 333
RTAG7.............................................................................................................................................................................334
Flow-based Hashing for ECMP................................................................................................................................... 335
ECMP Support in L3 Host and LPM Tables...............................................................................................................338
16 FIP Snooping............................................................................................................................................339
Fibre Channel over Ethernet........................................................................................................................................339
Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network............................................................................................339
FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges...............................................................................................................................341
Using FIP Snooping....................................................................................................................................................... 343
FIP Snooping Prerequisites.................................................................................................................................... 343
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 343
Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature....................................................................................................................... 344
Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs.............................................................................................................................344
Configure the FC-MAP Value................................................................................................................................345
Configure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link...................................................................................................... 345
Configure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link.......................................................................................................... 345
Impact on Other Software Features.....................................................................................................................345
Contents
11
FIP Snooping Restrictions...................................................................................................................................... 346
Configuring FIP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................346
FCoE Transit Configuration Example.......................................................................................................................... 347
Displaying FIP Snooping Information...........................................................................................................................348
17 FIPS Cryptography...................................................................................................................................352
Configuration Tasks...................................................................................................................................................... 352
Preparing the System................................................................................................................................................... 352
Enabling FIPS Mode......................................................................................................................................................353
Generating Host-Keys.................................................................................................................................................. 353
Monitoring FIPS Mode Status..................................................................................................................................... 353
Disabling FIPS Mode..................................................................................................................................................... 356
18 Flex Hash................................................................................................................................................. 357
Flex Hash Capability Overview.....................................................................................................................................357
Configuring the Flex Hash Mechanism.......................................................................................................................357
RDMA Over Converged Ethernet (RoCE) Overview...............................................................................................358
Preserving 802.1Q VLAN Tag Value for Lite Subinterfaces.................................................................................... 359
19 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP).................................................................................................. 360
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................360
Ring Status................................................................................................................................................................361
Multiple FRRP Rings................................................................................................................................................ 361
Important FRRP Points...........................................................................................................................................362
Important FRRP Concepts.....................................................................................................................................363
Implementing FRRP.......................................................................................................................................................364
FRRP Configuration...................................................................................................................................................... 364
Creating the FRRP Group...................................................................................................................................... 364
Configuring the Control VLAN...............................................................................................................................365
Configuring and Adding the Member VLANs...................................................................................................... 366
Setting the FRRP Timers........................................................................................................................................367
Clearing the FRRP Counters..................................................................................................................................367
Viewing the FRRP Configuration...........................................................................................................................367
Viewing the FRRP Information.............................................................................................................................. 367
Troubleshooting FRRP..................................................................................................................................................368
Configuration Checks..............................................................................................................................................368
Sample Configuration and Topology........................................................................................................................... 368
FRRP Support on VLT.................................................................................................................................................. 369
Example Scenario.................................................................................................................................................... 370
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................371
20 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP).............................................................................................372
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................... 372
Configure GVRP............................................................................................................................................................ 373
Related Configuration Tasks.................................................................................................................................. 373
Enabling GVRP Globally................................................................................................................................................ 374
12
Contents
Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface........................................................................................................................374
Configure GVRP Registration...................................................................................................................................... 374
Configure a GARP Timer.............................................................................................................................................. 375
21 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP).........................................................................................376
IGMP Implementation Information.............................................................................................................................. 376
IGMP Protocol Overview..............................................................................................................................................376
IGMP Version 2........................................................................................................................................................376
IGMP Version 3........................................................................................................................................................378
Configure IGMP..............................................................................................................................................................381
Related Configuration Tasks...................................................................................................................................381
Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces...............................................................................................................................382
Selecting an IGMP Version...........................................................................................................................................382
Viewing IGMP Groups...................................................................................................................................................382
Adjusting Timers............................................................................................................................................................ 383
Adjusting Query and Response Timers................................................................................................................. 383
Adjusting the IGMP Querier Timeout Value......................................................................................................... 384
Configuring a Static IGMP Group................................................................................................................................384
Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave................................................................................................................................ 384
IGMP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................................385
IGMP Snooping Implementation Information.......................................................................................................385
Configuring IGMP Snooping.................................................................................................................................. 385
Removing a Group-Port Association.....................................................................................................................386
Disabling Multicast Flooding...................................................................................................................................386
Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router......................................................................................386
Configuring the Switch as Querier........................................................................................................................ 387
Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes.................................................................................................. 387
Designating a Multicast Router Interface...................................................................................................................387
22 Interfaces................................................................................................................................................ 388
Basic Interface Configuration...................................................................................................................................... 388
Advanced Interface Configuration.............................................................................................................................. 388
Port Numbering Convention........................................................................................................................................ 389
Interface Types..............................................................................................................................................................390
View Basic Interface Information................................................................................................................................ 390
Resetting an Interface to its Factory Default State.................................................................................................. 391
Enabling a Physical Interface....................................................................................................................................... 392
Physical Interfaces........................................................................................................................................................ 392
Port-Pipes.................................................................................................................................................................393
Network Processing Units (NPUs)....................................................................................................................... 393
Configuration Task List for Physical Interfaces...................................................................................................393
Overview of Layer Modes...................................................................................................................................... 394
Configuring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode................................................................................................................. 394
Configuring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode..................................................................................................................394
Configuring Layer 3 (Network) Mode.................................................................................................................. 395
Configuring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode..................................................................................................................395
Contents
13
Egress Interface Selection (EIS)................................................................................................................................. 396
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................396
Configuring EIS........................................................................................................................................................ 396
Management Interfaces................................................................................................................................................397
Configuring Management Interfaces.................................................................................................................... 397
Configuring a Management Interface on an Ethernet Port...............................................................................398
VLAN Interfaces............................................................................................................................................................ 399
Loopback Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................400
Null Interfaces................................................................................................................................................................400
Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................................................400
Port Channel Definition and Standards................................................................................................................. 401
Port Channel Benefits..............................................................................................................................................401
Port Channel Implementation................................................................................................................................. 401
Interfaces in Port Channels....................................................................................................................................402
Configuration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................402
Creating a Port Channel......................................................................................................................................... 402
Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.................................................................................................... 403
Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel............................................................................................... 404
Configuring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel..............................................................................405
Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN.............................................................................................405
Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel..........................................................................................................406
Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel.....................................................................................................................407
Load Balancing Through Port Channels............................................................................................................... 407
Changing the Hash Algorithm................................................................................................................................ 407
Bulk Configuration.........................................................................................................................................................408
Interface Range....................................................................................................................................................... 408
Bulk Configuration Examples................................................................................................................................. 408
Defining Interface Range Macros................................................................................................................................ 410
Define the Interface Range......................................................................................................................................411
Choosing an Interface-Range Macro..................................................................................................................... 411
Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces.........................................................................................................................411
Displaying Traffic Statistics on HiGig Ports................................................................................................................ 412
Link Bundle Monitoring..................................................................................................................................................412
Monitoring HiGig Link Bundles......................................................................................................................................413
Guidelines for Monitoring HiGig Link-Bundles ..................................................................................................... 414
Enabling HiGig Link-Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................. 414
Splitting 40G Ports without Reload............................................................................................................................. 415
Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports........................................................................................................................... 415
Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port............................................................................ 416
Configuring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics................................................................................................ 417
Link Dampening...............................................................................................................................................................417
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................418
Enabling Link Dampening.........................................................................................................................................418
Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control........................................................................................................ 419
Enabling Pause Frames...........................................................................................................................................420
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Configure the MTU Size on an Interface.................................................................................................................... 421
Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces................................................................................................................... 421
Set Auto-Negotiation Options............................................................................................................................... 422
View Advanced Interface Information........................................................................................................................ 422
Configuring the Interface Sampling Size.............................................................................................................. 423
Configuring the Traffic Sampling Size Globally..........................................................................................................424
Dynamic Counters......................................................................................................................................................... 425
Clearing Interface Counters................................................................................................................................... 426
23 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec).......................................................................................................... 427
Configuring IPSec .........................................................................................................................................................427
24 IPv4 Routing............................................................................................................................................429
IP Addresses...................................................................................................................................................................430
Implementation Information................................................................................................................................... 430
Configuration Tasks for IP Addresses.........................................................................................................................430
Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface...................................................................................................................... 430
Configuring Static Routes.............................................................................................................................................431
Configure Static Routes for the Management Interface......................................................................................... 432
Enabling Directed Broadcast........................................................................................................................................432
Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................................................433
Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................433
Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains................................................................................... 433
Configuring DNS with Traceroute...............................................................................................................................434
ARP................................................................................................................................................................................. 435
Configuration Tasks for ARP....................................................................................................................................... 435
Configuring Static ARP Entries....................................................................................................................................435
Enabling Proxy ARP.......................................................................................................................................................436
Clearing ARP Cache......................................................................................................................................................436
ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP............................................................................................................................... 436
Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP............................................................................................................... 436
ARP Learning via ARP Request................................................................................................................................... 437
Configuring ARP Retries...............................................................................................................................................437
ICMP............................................................................................................................................................................... 438
Configuration Tasks for ICMP..................................................................................................................................... 438
Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages...................................................................................................................... 438
UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................................439
Configure UDP Helper............................................................................................................................................ 439
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................439
Enabling UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................439
Configuring a Broadcast Address................................................................................................................................439
Configurations Using UDP Helper............................................................................................................................... 440
UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses................................................................................................................ 440
UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses......................................................................................................... 441
UDP Helper with Configured Broadcast Addresses.................................................................................................. 441
UDP Helper with No Configured Broadcast Addresses........................................................................................... 442
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Troubleshooting UDP Helper....................................................................................................................................... 442
25 IPv6 Routing............................................................................................................................................443
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................443
Extended Address Space........................................................................................................................................444
Stateless Autoconfiguration...................................................................................................................................444
IPv6 Headers............................................................................................................................................................444
IPv6 Header Fields...................................................................................................................................................445
Extension Header Fields..........................................................................................................................................447
Addressing................................................................................................................................................................448
Implementing IPv6 with Dell Networking OS.............................................................................................................449
Longest Prefix Match (LPM) Table and IPv6 /65 – /128 support........................................................................ 449
ICMPv6...........................................................................................................................................................................449
Path MTU Discovery.....................................................................................................................................................449
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery..............................................................................................................................................450
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets...........................................................................................................451
Configuration Task List for IPv6 RDNSS.............................................................................................................. 451
Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport............................................................................................................. 453
Configuration Tasks for IPv6....................................................................................................................................... 453
Adjusting Your CAM-Profile................................................................................................................................... 454
Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface...........................................................................................................454
Assigning a Static IPv6 Route................................................................................................................................455
Configuring Telnet with IPv6................................................................................................................................. 455
SNMP over IPv6......................................................................................................................................................456
Displaying IPv6 Information....................................................................................................................................456
Displaying an IPv6 Interface Information..............................................................................................................456
Showing IPv6 Routes..............................................................................................................................................457
Showing the Running-Configuration for an Interface........................................................................................ 458
Clearing IPv6 Routes...............................................................................................................................................459
Configuring IPv6 RA Guard..........................................................................................................................................459
Configuring IPv6 RA Guard on an Interface......................................................................................................... 461
Monitoring IPv6 RA Guard......................................................................................................................................461
26 iSCSI Optimization.................................................................................................................................. 462
iSCSI Optimization Overview.......................................................................................................................................462
Default iSCSI Optimization Values.............................................................................................................................. 464
iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites.................................................................................................................................464
Configuring iSCSI Optimization................................................................................................................................... 464
Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information................................................................................................................. 466
Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization.......................................................................................................................468
Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer.....................................................................468
Monitoring iSCSI Traffic Flows....................................................................................................................................468
Information Monitored in iSCSI Traffic Flows............................................................................................................469
Detection and Auto-Configuration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays................................................................................ 469
Configuring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays.................................................................................. 470
Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Traffic Flows.......................................................................................... 470
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27 Intermediate System to Intermediate System...........................................................................................471
IS-IS Protocol Overview................................................................................................................................................ 471
IS-IS Addressing..............................................................................................................................................................471
Multi-Topology IS-IS......................................................................................................................................................472
Transition Mode....................................................................................................................................................... 472
Interface Support.....................................................................................................................................................473
Adjacencies...............................................................................................................................................................473
Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................................................473
Timers........................................................................................................................................................................473
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................473
Configuration Information.............................................................................................................................................474
Configuration Tasks for IS-IS.................................................................................................................................475
Configuring the Distance of a Route.....................................................................................................................482
Changing the IS-Type............................................................................................................................................. 483
Redistributing IPv4 Routes.....................................................................................................................................485
Redistributing IPv6 Routes.....................................................................................................................................486
Configuring Authentication Passwords.................................................................................................................487
Setting the Overload Bit......................................................................................................................................... 487
Debugging IS-IS....................................................................................................................................................... 488
IS-IS Metric Styles.........................................................................................................................................................489
Configure Metric Values...............................................................................................................................................489
Maximum Values in the Routing Table..................................................................................................................490
Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only............................................................................................... 490
Leaks from One Level to Another..........................................................................................................................491
Sample Configurations..................................................................................................................................................492
28 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)..............................................................................................495
Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP..................................................................................................................495
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................495
LACP Modes............................................................................................................................................................ 496
Configuring LACP Commands...............................................................................................................................496
LACP Configuration Tasks........................................................................................................................................... 497
Creating a LAG.........................................................................................................................................................497
Configuring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic........................................................................................................497
Setting the LACP Long Timeout........................................................................................................................... 498
Monitoring and Debugging LACP..........................................................................................................................498
Shared LAG State Tracking......................................................................................................................................... 499
Configuring Shared LAG State Tracking.............................................................................................................. 499
Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking...........................................................................................501
LACP Basic Configuration Example.............................................................................................................................501
Configure a LAG on ALPHA....................................................................................................................................501
29 Layer 2.....................................................................................................................................................510
Manage the MAC Address Table................................................................................................................................. 510
Clearing the MAC Address Table...........................................................................................................................510
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Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries........................................................................................................ 510
Configuring a Static MAC Address.........................................................................................................................511
Displaying the MAC Address Table.........................................................................................................................511
MAC Learning Limit........................................................................................................................................................ 511
Setting the MAC Learning Limit.............................................................................................................................512
mac learning-limit Dynamic..................................................................................................................................... 512
mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky..................................................................................................................512
mac learning-limit station-move.............................................................................................................................513
mac learning-limit no-station-move.......................................................................................................................513
Learning Limit Violation Actions............................................................................................................................. 513
Setting Station Move Violation Actions.................................................................................................................514
Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations........................................................................... 514
Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System.......................................................................................................515
NIC Teaming................................................................................................................................................................... 515
Configure Redundant Pairs...........................................................................................................................................516
Important Points about Configuring Redundant Pairs........................................................................................ 518
Far-End Failure Detection............................................................................................................................................. 519
FEFD State Changes.............................................................................................................................................. 520
Configuring FEFD.................................................................................................................................................... 520
Enabling FEFD on an Interface...............................................................................................................................521
Debugging FEFD......................................................................................................................................................522
30 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP).....................................................................................................524
802.1AB (LLDP) Overview........................................................................................................................................... 524
Protocol Data Units.................................................................................................................................................524
Optional TLVs................................................................................................................................................................ 525
Management TLVs..................................................................................................................................................525
TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview................................................................................................................................527
TIA Organizationally Specific TLVs........................................................................................................................527
Configure LLDP.............................................................................................................................................................. 531
Related Configuration Tasks...................................................................................................................................531
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................531
LLDP Compatibility..................................................................................................................................................532
CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Configurations........................................................................................... 532
Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................................................532
Disabling and Undoing LLDP.................................................................................................................................. 533
Enabling LLDP on Management Ports........................................................................................................................533
Disabling and Undoing LLDP on Management Ports..........................................................................................533
Advertising TLVs............................................................................................................................................................533
Viewing the LLDP Configuration................................................................................................................................. 534
Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents.....................................................................................535
Configuring LLDPDU Intervals.....................................................................................................................................536
Configuring Transmit and Receive Mode................................................................................................................... 537
Configuring the Time to Live Value.............................................................................................................................537
Debugging LLDP............................................................................................................................................................538
Relevant Management Objects...................................................................................................................................539
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31 Microsoft Network Load Balancing.......................................................................................................... 544
NLB Unicast and Multicast Modes..............................................................................................................................544
NLB Unicast Mode Example.................................................................................................................................. 544
NLB Multicast Mode Example............................................................................................................................... 544
NLB Benefits..................................................................................................................................................................545
NLB Restrictions............................................................................................................................................................545
NLB VLAN Flooding...................................................................................................................................................... 545
Configuring NLB on a Switch...................................................................................................................................... 546
32 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP).........................................................................................547
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................547
Anycast RP.....................................................................................................................................................................548
Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 549
Configure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol....................................................................................................... 549
Related Configuration Tasks..................................................................................................................................549
Enable MSDP.................................................................................................................................................................553
Manage the Source-Active Cache..............................................................................................................................554
Viewing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................ 554
Limiting the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................ 554
Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................555
Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache.......................................................................................................555
Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check.....................................................................................555
Specifying Source-Active Messages.......................................................................................................................... 558
Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer.................................................................................................. 559
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source......................................................................................................559
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source................................................................................................. 560
Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source.................................................................................................560
Logging Changes in Peership States...........................................................................................................................561
Terminating a Peership..................................................................................................................................................561
Clearing Peer Statistics................................................................................................................................................ 562
Debugging MSDP..........................................................................................................................................................562
MSDP with Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................563
Configuring Anycast RP............................................................................................................................................... 564
Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding........................................................................................................565
Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages..............................................................................................565
MSDP Sample Configurations..................................................................................................................................... 565
33 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)................................................................................................567
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................567
Spanning Tree Variations..............................................................................................................................................568
Implementation Information................................................................................................................................... 568
Configure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol...............................................................................................................568
Related Configuration Tasks..................................................................................................................................569
Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally......................................................................................................................569
Adding and Removing Interfaces................................................................................................................................ 569
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Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances................................................................................................................570
Influencing MSTP Root Selection................................................................................................................................570
Interoperate with Non-Dell Bridges............................................................................................................................. 571
Changing the Region Name or Revision......................................................................................................................571
Modifying Global Parameters.......................................................................................................................................572
Modifying the Interface Parameters........................................................................................................................... 573
Configuring an EdgePort.............................................................................................................................................. 574
Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change.......................................................................................................574
MSTP Sample Configurations......................................................................................................................................575
Router 1 Running-ConfigurationRouter 2 Running-ConfigurationRouter 3 Running-
ConfigurationSFTOS Example Running-Configuration.......................................................................................575
Debugging and Verifying MSTP Configurations........................................................................................................576
34 Multicast Features...................................................................................................................................578
Enabling IP Multicast.....................................................................................................................................................578
Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 578
First Packet Forwarding for Lossless Multicast........................................................................................................ 579
Multicast Policies...........................................................................................................................................................579
IPv4 Multicast Policies............................................................................................................................................ 579
Understanding Multicast Traceroute (mtrace)......................................................................................................... 586
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 587
Printing Multicast Traceroute (mtrace) Paths.......................................................................................................... 587
Supported Error Codes.................................................................................................................................................588
mtrace Scenarios...........................................................................................................................................................589
35 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3)...................................................................................595
Protocol Overview........................................................................................................................................................ 595
Autonomous System (AS) Areas.......................................................................................................................... 595
Area Types............................................................................................................................................................... 596
Networks and Neighbors........................................................................................................................................597
Router Types............................................................................................................................................................597
Designated and Backup Designated Routers.......................................................................................................599
Link-State Advertisements (LSAs).......................................................................................................................599
Router Priority and Cost.........................................................................................................................................600
OSPF with Dell Networking OS....................................................................................................................................601
Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only)............................................................................................................. 602
Multi-Process OSPFv2 with VRF..........................................................................................................................602
RFC-2328 Compliant OSPF Flooding...................................................................................................................602
OSPF ACK Packing.................................................................................................................................................603
Setting OSPF Adjacency with Cisco Routers......................................................................................................603
Configuration Information............................................................................................................................................ 604
Configuration Task List for OSPFv2 (OSPF for IPv4)....................................................................................... 604
Sample Configurations for OSPFv2.......................................................................................................................615
Configuration Task List for OSPFv3 (OSPF for IPv6)..............................................................................................616
Enabling IPv6 Unicast Routing................................................................................................................................617
Applying cost for OSPFv3.......................................................................................................................................617
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