Dell S4820T Owner's manual

Dell Configuration Guide for the S4820T

System

9.7(0.0)

Notes, Cautions, and Warnings

NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your computer.

CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you

how to avoid the problem.

WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.

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2015 - 02

Rev. A00

Contents

1 About this Guide................................................................................................. 36

Audience..............................................................................................................................................36

Conventions........................................................................................................................................ 36

Related Documents............................................................................................................................ 36

2 Configuration Fundamentals............................................................................37

Accessing the Command Line............................................................................................................37

CLI Modes............................................................................................................................................37

Navigating CLI Modes................................................................................................................... 39

The do Command...............................................................................................................................42

Undoing Commands...........................................................................................................................43

Obtaining Help....................................................................................................................................44

Entering and Editing Commands....................................................................................................... 44

Command History...............................................................................................................................45

Filtering show Command Outputs.....................................................................................................45

Multiple Users in Configuration Mode............................................................................................... 47

3 Getting Started................................................................................................... 48

Console Access...................................................................................................................................48

Serial Console................................................................................................................................48

Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH............................................................49

Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection................................................................... 50

Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection...............................................................50

Default Configuration..........................................................................................................................51

Configuring a Host Name................................................................................................................... 51

Accessing the System Remotely.........................................................................................................51

Accessing the System Remotely................................................................................................... 51

Configure the Management Port IP Address................................................................................51

Configure a Management Route.................................................................................................. 52

Configuring a Username and Password.......................................................................................52

Configuring the Enable Password...................................................................................................... 52

Configuration File Management.........................................................................................................53

Copy Files to and from the System.............................................................................................. 53

Mounting an NFS File System....................................................................................................... 54

Save the Running-Configuration..................................................................................................56

Configure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario......................................................................56

Viewing Files.................................................................................................................................. 56

Managing the File System...................................................................................................................58

Enabling Software Features on Devices Using a Command Option................................................ 58

View Command History......................................................................................................................59

Upgrading Dell Networking OS..........................................................................................................60

Using HTTP for File Transfers.............................................................................................................60

Using Hashes to Validate Software Images....................................................................................... 60

4 Management....................................................................................................... 62

Configuring Privilege Levels............................................................................................................... 62

Creating a Custom Privilege Level................................................................................................62

Removing a Command from EXEC Mode................................................................................... 62

Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode................................................ 63

Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands.......................................................... 63

Allowing Access to the Following Modes.................................................................................... 63

Applying a Privilege Level to a Username.................................................................................... 65

Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line...............................................................................65

Configuring Logging...........................................................................................................................65

Audit and Security Logs................................................................................................................ 66

Configuring Logging Format ...................................................................................................... 68

Display the Logging Buffer and the Logging Configuration....................................................... 68

Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server....................................................................69

Log Messages in the Internal Buffer...................................................................................................70

Configuration Task List for System Log Management.................................................................70

Disabling System Logging...................................................................................................................70

Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server.................................................................................... 71

Configuring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.............................................................................71

Changing System Logging Settings.................................................................................................... 71

Display the Logging Buffer and the Logging Configuration..............................................................72

Configuring a UNIX Logging Facility Level.........................................................................................73

Synchronizing Log Messages..............................................................................................................74

Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages..........................................................................................74

File Transfer Services...........................................................................................................................75

Configuration Task List for File Transfer Services........................................................................ 75

Enabling the FTP Server.................................................................................................................75

Configuring FTP Server Parameters..............................................................................................76

Configuring FTP Client Parameters.............................................................................................. 76

Terminal Lines......................................................................................................................................77

Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line..................................................................... 77

Configuring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines................................................................. 78

Setting Time Out of EXEC Privilege Mode......................................................................................... 79

Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device............................................................................... 79

Lock CONFIGURATION Mode........................................................................................................... 80

Viewing the Configuration Lock Status........................................................................................80

Recovering from a Forgotten Password.............................................................................................81

Recovering from a Forgotten Enable Password.......................................................................... 82

Recovering from a Failed Start........................................................................................................... 83

Restoring the Factory Default Settings...............................................................................................83

Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................83

Restoring Factory Default Environment Variables.......................................................................84

5 802.1ag................................................................................................................. 86

Ethernet CFM...................................................................................................................................... 86

Maintenance Domains........................................................................................................................ 87

Maintenance Points.............................................................................................................................87

Maintenance End Points.....................................................................................................................88

Implementation Information..............................................................................................................89

Configuring the CFM.......................................................................................................................... 89

Related Configuration Tasks.........................................................................................................89

Enabling Ethernet CFM.......................................................................................................................89

Creating a Maintenance Domain....................................................................................................... 89

Creating a Maintenance Association..................................................................................................90

Create Maintenance Points................................................................................................................ 90

Creating a Maintenance End Point...............................................................................................90

Creating a Maintenance Intermediate Point.................................................................................91

Displaying the MP Databases........................................................................................................92

Continuity Check Messages............................................................................................................... 93

Enabling CCM................................................................................................................................94

Enabling Cross-Checking.............................................................................................................94

Sending Loopback Messages and Responses................................................................................... 94

Sending Linktrace Messages and Responses.....................................................................................95

Caching Link Trace........................................................................................................................95

Enabling CFM SNMP Traps................................................................................................................. 96

Displaying Ethernet CFM Statistics.....................................................................................................98

6 802.1X...................................................................................................................99

The Port-Authentication Process.....................................................................................................100

EAP over RADIUS.........................................................................................................................102

Configuring 802.1X........................................................................................................................... 102

Related Configuration Tasks.......................................................................................................102

Important Points to Remember........................................................................................................103

Enabling 802.1X.................................................................................................................................103

Configuring Request Identity Re-Transmissions............................................................................. 105

Configuring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication......................................................... 105

Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port..................................................................................106

Re-Authenticating a Port.................................................................................................................. 107

Configuring Timeouts.......................................................................................................................108

Configuring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication................................................109

Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs.............................................................................................. 110

Configuring a Guest VLAN...........................................................................................................111

Configuring an Authentication-Fail VLAN...................................................................................111

7 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable

Memory (CAM)...................................................................................................... 113

Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs..........................................113

Guidelines for Configuring ACL VLAN groups................................................................................. 114

Configuring ACL VLAN Groups and Configuring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters.........................115

Configuring ACL VLAN Groups................................................................................................... 115

Configuring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters..............................................................................116

Viewing CAM Usage...........................................................................................................................117

Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes.........................................................................................118

8 Access Control Lists (ACLs)............................................................................ 120

IP Access Control Lists (ACLs)...........................................................................................................121

CAM Usage...................................................................................................................................121

Implementing ACLs on Dell Networking OS..............................................................................122

IP Fragment Handling....................................................................................................................... 124

IP Fragments ACL Examples....................................................................................................... 124

Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples....................................................................................................... 125

Configure a Standard IP ACL............................................................................................................ 126

Configuring a Standard IP ACL Filter.......................................................................................... 127

Configure an Extended IP ACL......................................................................................................... 128

Configuring Filters with a Sequence Number............................................................................128

Configuring Filters Without a Sequence Number......................................................................129

Configure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs................................................................................................ 130

Assign an IP ACL to an Interface....................................................................................................... 131

Applying an IP ACL.............................................................................................................................131

Counting ACL Hits.......................................................................................................................132

Configure Ingress ACLs.....................................................................................................................132

Configure Egress ACLs......................................................................................................................133

Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane).......................................................................... 134

IP Prefix Lists......................................................................................................................................135

Implementation Information.......................................................................................................135

Configuration Task List for Prefix Lists........................................................................................135

ACL Resequencing............................................................................................................................ 139

Resequencing an ACL or Prefix List............................................................................................140

Route Maps........................................................................................................................................ 141

Implementation Information.......................................................................................................141

Important Points to Remember........................................................................................................142

Configuration Task List for Route Maps..................................................................................... 142

Configuring Match Routes..........................................................................................................144

Configuring Set Conditions........................................................................................................ 146

Configure a Route Map for Route Redistribution...................................................................... 147

Configure a Route Map for Route Tagging................................................................................ 147

Continue Clause..........................................................................................................................148

Logging of ACL Processes................................................................................................................148

Guidelines for Configuring ACL Logging................................................................................... 149

Configuring ACL Logging........................................................................................................... 150

Flow-Based Monitoring Support for ACLs........................................................................................151

Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring........................................................................................... 151

Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring............................................................................................... 152

9 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD)...................................................154

How BFD Works................................................................................................................................ 154

BFD Packet Format......................................................................................................................155

BFD Sessions................................................................................................................................157

BFD Three-Way Handshake........................................................................................................ 157

Session State Changes................................................................................................................ 158

Important Points to Remember........................................................................................................159

Configure BFD...................................................................................................................................159

Configure BFD for Physical Ports............................................................................................... 160

Configure BFD for Static Routes.................................................................................................163

Configure BFD for OSPF............................................................................................................. 165

Configure BFD for OSPFv3......................................................................................................... 168

Configure BFD for IS-IS...............................................................................................................169

Configure BFD for BGP............................................................................................................... 172

Configure BFD for VRRP..............................................................................................................179

Configuring Protocol Liveness................................................................................................... 182

Troubleshooting BFD.................................................................................................................. 182

10 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4).................................................... 184

Autonomous Systems (AS)................................................................................................................184

Sessions and Peers............................................................................................................................186

Establish a Session.......................................................................................................................187

Route Reflectors................................................................................................................................187

BGP Attributes...................................................................................................................................188

Best Path Selection Criteria........................................................................................................ 189

Weight.......................................................................................................................................... 191

Local Preference..........................................................................................................................191

Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)................................................................................................ 192

Origin........................................................................................................................................... 193

AS Path.........................................................................................................................................194

Next Hop......................................................................................................................................194

Multiprotocol BGP.............................................................................................................................195

Implement BGP with Dell Networking OS....................................................................................... 195

Additional Path (Add-Path) Support........................................................................................... 195

Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes................................................................ 195

Ignore Router-ID for Some Best-Path Calculations..................................................................196

Four-Byte AS Numbers............................................................................................................... 196

AS4 Number Representation.......................................................................................................197

AS Number Migration..................................................................................................................198

BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)..............................................................................200

Important Points to Remember................................................................................................. 200

Configuration Information................................................................................................................201

BGP Configuration............................................................................................................................201

Enabling BGP...............................................................................................................................202

Configuring AS4 Number Representations............................................................................... 206

Configuring Peer Groups........................................................................................................... 208

Configuring BGP Fast Fall-Over................................................................................................. 210

Configuring Passive Peering....................................................................................................... 212

Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration........................................................ 213

Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path..............................................................214

Enabling Graceful Restart............................................................................................................215

Enabling Neighbor Graceful Restart...........................................................................................216

Filtering on an AS-Path Attribute................................................................................................ 216

Regular Expressions as Filters..................................................................................................... 218

Redistributing Routes.................................................................................................................. 219

Enabling Additional Paths...........................................................................................................220

Configuring IP Community Lists................................................................................................ 220

Configuring an IP Extended Community List............................................................................ 222

Filtering Routes with Community Lists...................................................................................... 223

Manipulating the COMMUNITY Attribute...................................................................................223

Changing MED Attributes........................................................................................................... 225

Changing the LOCAL_PREFERENCE Attribute.......................................................................... 225

Changing the NEXT_HOP Attribute........................................................................................... 226

Changing the WEIGHT Attribute.................................................................................................227

Enabling Multipath.......................................................................................................................227

Filtering BGP Routes................................................................................................................... 227

Filtering BGP Routes Using Route Maps.................................................................................... 229

Filtering BGP Routes Using AS-PATH Information....................................................................230

Configuring BGP Route Reflectors............................................................................................ 230

Aggregating Routes.....................................................................................................................231

Configuring BGP Confederations...............................................................................................232

Enabling Route Flap Dampening................................................................................................232

Changing BGP Timers.................................................................................................................235

Enabling BGP Neighbor Soft-Reconfiguration.......................................................................... 235

Route Map Continue...................................................................................................................237

Enabling MBGP Configurations........................................................................................................237

BGP Regular Expression Optimization.............................................................................................238

Debugging BGP................................................................................................................................ 238

Storing Last and Bad PDUs......................................................................................................... 239

Capturing PDUs.......................................................................................................................... 240

PDU Counters..............................................................................................................................241

Sample Configurations..................................................................................................................... 241

11 Content Addressable Memory (CAM)......................................................... 248

CAM Allocation................................................................................................................................. 248

Test CAM Usage................................................................................................................................250

View CAM Profiles.............................................................................................................................250

View CAM-ACL Settings....................................................................................................................251

View CAM Usage...............................................................................................................................253

CAM Optimization.............................................................................................................................253

Troubleshoot CAM Profiling.............................................................................................................254

CAM Profile Mismatches.............................................................................................................254

QoS CAM Region Limitation.......................................................................................................254

12 Control Plane Policing (CoPP)..................................................................... 255

Configure Control Plane Policing.................................................................................................... 256

Configuring CoPP for Protocols.................................................................................................257

Configuring CoPP for CPU Queues...........................................................................................259

CoPP for OSPFv3 Packets.......................................................................................................... 260

Configuring CoPP for OSPFv3....................................................................................................263

Show Commands....................................................................................................................... 264

13 Data Center Bridging (DCB)......................................................................... 266

Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging........................................................................... 266

Priority-Based Flow Control....................................................................................................... 267

Enhanced Transmission Selection............................................................................................. 268

Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx)..................................................................... 269

Data Center Bridging in a Traffic Flow....................................................................................... 270

Enabling Data Center Bridging.........................................................................................................270

QoS dot1p Traffic Classification and Queue Assignment................................................................271

DCB Maps and its Attributes............................................................................................................. 272

DCB Map: Configuration Procedure.......................................................................................... 272

Important Points to Remember..................................................................................................272

Applying a DCB Map on a Port................................................................................................... 273

Configuring PFC without a DCB Map.........................................................................................273

Configuring Lossless Queues..................................................................................................... 274

Data Center Bridging: Default Configuration.................................................................................. 275

Configuring PFC and ETS in a DCB Map..........................................................................................276

PFC Configuration Notes............................................................................................................276

PFC Prerequisites and Restrictions............................................................................................. 277

ETS Configuration Notes.............................................................................................................277

ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions............................................................................................. 278

Configuring Priority-Based Flow Control........................................................................................ 279

Configuring Lossless Queues.....................................................................................................280

Configure Enhanced Transmission Selection................................................................................. 280

ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions..............................................................................................281

Creating an ETS Priority Group...................................................................................................281

ETS Operation with DCBx...........................................................................................................282

Configuring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN..................................................................... 283

Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack......................................................................................... 283

Configure a DCBx Operation...........................................................................................................284

DCBx Operation..........................................................................................................................284

DCBx Port Roles..........................................................................................................................284

DCB Configuration Exchange.................................................................................................... 286

Configuration Source Election................................................................................................... 287

Propagation of DCB Information............................................................................................... 287

Auto-Detection and Manual Configuration of the DCBx Version............................................ 287

Behavior of Tagged Packets.......................................................................................................288

Configuration Example for DSCP and PFC Priorities................................................................ 288

DCBx Example............................................................................................................................ 289

DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions..........................................................................................290

Configuring DCBx.......................................................................................................................290

Verifying the DCB Configuration..................................................................................................... 294

Using PFC and ETS to Manage Data Center Traffic........................................................................ 305

PFC and ETS Configuration Command Examples.....................................................................307

Using PFC and ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Traffic..................................................... 307

Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies........................................................................ 307

Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buffer Method......................................................... 308

Pause and Resume of Traffic......................................................................................................308

Buffer Sizes for Lossless or PFC Packets................................................................................... 309

Configuring the Dynamic Buffer Method........................................................................................309

Sample Configurations......................................................................................................................311

...................................................................................................................................................... 311

14 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)........................................ 315

DHCP Packet Format and Options...................................................................................................315

Assign an IP Address using DHCP.....................................................................................................317

Implementation Information............................................................................................................ 318

Configure the System to be a DHCP Server.................................................................................... 319

Configuring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation........................................................ 319

Specifying a Default Gateway..................................................................................................... 321

Configure a Method of Hostname Resolution...........................................................................321

Using DNS for Address Resolution............................................................................................. 321

Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution.............................................................................321

Creating Manual Binding Entries.................................................................................................321

Debugging the DHCP Server......................................................................................................322

Using DHCP Clear Commands...................................................................................................322

Configure the System to be a Relay Agent......................................................................................322

Configure the System to be a DHCP Client.................................................................................... 324

DHCP Client Operation with Other Features.............................................................................325

DHCP Client on a Management Interface................................................................................. 326

Configure the System for User Port Stacking (Option 230)............................................................326

Configure Secure DHCP...................................................................................................................326

Option 82.....................................................................................................................................327

DHCP Snooping.......................................................................................................................... 327

Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only.......................................................................... 331

Dynamic ARP Inspection.............................................................................................................331

Configuring Dynamic ARP Inspection........................................................................................332

Source Address Validation................................................................................................................333

Enabling IP Source Address Validation.......................................................................................334

DHCP MAC Source Address Validation......................................................................................334

Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation............................................................................ 334

Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets..........................................................................335

Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets.........................................................................336

15 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)......................................................................337

ECMP for Flow-Based Affinity.......................................................................................................... 337

Configuring the Hash Algorithm.................................................................................................337

Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop.................................................................................... 337

Configuring the Hash Algorithm Seed....................................................................................... 338

Link Bundle Monitoring.................................................................................................................... 338

Managing ECMP Group Paths.................................................................................................... 339

Creating an ECMP Group Bundle...............................................................................................339

Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold......................................................................................340

16 FCoE Transit.................................................................................................... 341

Fibre Channel over Ethernet.............................................................................................................341

Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network................................................................... 341

FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges................................................................................................... 343

FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack........................................................................................................ 345

Using FIP Snooping...........................................................................................................................345

FIP Snooping Prerequisites.........................................................................................................345

Important Points to Remember................................................................................................. 346

Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature............................................................................................. 347

Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs.................................................................................................. 347

Configure the FC-MAP Value..................................................................................................... 347

Configure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link............................................................................ 347

Configure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link................................................................................ 348

Impact on Other Software Features...........................................................................................348

FIP Snooping Restrictions...........................................................................................................348

Configuring FIP Snooping.......................................................................................................... 349

Displaying FIP Snooping Information.............................................................................................. 349

FCoE Transit Configuration Example...............................................................................................355

17 Enabling FIPS Cryptography.........................................................................357

Configuration Tasks.......................................................................................................................... 357

Preparing the System........................................................................................................................357

Enabling FIPS Mode.......................................................................................................................... 358

Generating Host-Keys...................................................................................................................... 358

Monitoring FIPS Mode Status........................................................................................................... 359

Disabling FIPS Mode......................................................................................................................... 359

18 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)..................................................... 361

Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................ 361

Ring Status...................................................................................................................................362

Multiple FRRP Rings.................................................................................................................... 363

Important FRRP Points................................................................................................................363

Important FRRP Concepts..........................................................................................................363

Implementing FRRP.......................................................................................................................... 365

FRRP Configuration.......................................................................................................................... 365

Creating the FRRP Group........................................................................................................... 365

Configuring the Control VLAN...................................................................................................366

Configuring and Adding the Member VLANs.............................................................................367

Setting the FRRP Timers............................................................................................................. 368

Clearing the FRRP Counters.......................................................................................................368

Viewing the FRRP Configuration................................................................................................369

Viewing the FRRP Information................................................................................................... 369

Troubleshooting FRRP......................................................................................................................369

Configuration Checks.................................................................................................................369

Sample Configuration and Topology...............................................................................................369

19 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)................................................ 372

Important Points to Remember........................................................................................................372

Configure GVRP................................................................................................................................ 373

Related Configuration Tasks.......................................................................................................373

Enabling GVRP Globally....................................................................................................................374

Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface............................................................................................. 374

Configure GVRP Registration........................................................................................................... 374

Configure a GARP Timer...................................................................................................................375

RPM Redundancy..............................................................................................................................376

20 High Availability (HA).....................................................................................377

Component Redundancy................................................................................................................. 377

RPM Redundancy........................................................................................................................ 377

Automatic and Manual Stack Unit Failover................................................................................ 379

Support for RPM Redundancy by Dell Networking OS Version............................................... 380

Synchronization between Management and Standby Units.....................................................380

Configuring RPM Redundancy...................................................................................................380

Online Insertion and Removal..........................................................................................................382

RPM Online Insertion and Removal........................................................................................... 382

Linecard Online Insertion and Removal.....................................................................................382

Hitless Behavior.................................................................................................................................383

Graceful Restart................................................................................................................................ 384

Software Resiliency...........................................................................................................................384

Software Component Health Monitoring..................................................................................384

System Health Monitoring..........................................................................................................384

Failure and Event Logging.......................................................................................................... 385

Hot-Lock Behavior........................................................................................................................... 385

Process Restartability........................................................................................................................386

Enabling Process Restartability...................................................................................................386

21 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP).........................................388

IGMP Implementation Information..................................................................................................388

IGMP Protocol Overview..................................................................................................................388

IGMP Version 2........................................................................................................................... 388

IGMP Version 3........................................................................................................................... 390

Configure IGMP................................................................................................................................ 393

Related Configuration Tasks.......................................................................................................393

Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces....................................................................................................394

Selecting an IGMP Version............................................................................................................... 394

Viewing IGMP Groups.......................................................................................................................395

Adjusting Timers............................................................................................................................... 395

Adjusting Query and Response Timers......................................................................................395

Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave.................................................................................................... 396

IGMP Snooping.................................................................................................................................396

IGMP Snooping Implementation Information...........................................................................396

Configuring IGMP Snooping.......................................................................................................397

Removing a Group-Port Association......................................................................................... 397

Disabling Multicast Flooding...................................................................................................... 398

Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router..............................................................398

Configuring the Switch as Querier.............................................................................................398

Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes......................................................................... 399

Egress Interface Selection (EIS) for HTTP and IGMP Applications..................................................399

Protocol Separation....................................................................................................................400

Enabling and Disabling Management Egress Interface Selection.............................................401

Handling of Management Route Configuration........................................................................402

Handling of Switch-Initiated Traffic...........................................................................................403

Handling of Switch-Destined Traffic......................................................................................... 403

Handling of Transit Traffic (Traffic Separation)......................................................................... 404

Mapping of Management Applications and Traffic Type..........................................................404

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Initiated Traffic ..................................................406

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Destined Traffic .................................................407

Interworking of EIS With Various Applications.......................................................................... 407

Designating a Multicast Router Interface........................................................................................ 408

22 Interfaces.........................................................................................................409

Basic Interface Configuration.......................................................................................................... 409

Advanced Interface Configuration.................................................................................................. 409

Interface Types..................................................................................................................................410

View Basic Interface Information..................................................................................................... 410

Enabling a Physical Interface............................................................................................................412

Physical Interfaces.............................................................................................................................412

Configuration Task List for Physical Interfaces..........................................................................413

Overview of Layer Modes........................................................................................................... 413

Configuring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode........................................................................................413

Configuring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode........................................................................................ 414

Configuring Layer 3 (Network) Mode.........................................................................................414

Configuring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode........................................................................................ 415

Egress Interface Selection (EIS)........................................................................................................ 415

Important Points to Remember..................................................................................................416

Configuring EIS............................................................................................................................416

Management Interfaces....................................................................................................................416

Configuring Management Interfaces......................................................................................... 416

Configuring Management Interfaces on the S-Series............................................................... 418

VLAN Interfaces.................................................................................................................................419

Loopback Interfaces.........................................................................................................................420

Null Interfaces...................................................................................................................................420

Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................... 420

Port Channel Definition and Standards......................................................................................421

Port Channel Benefits................................................................................................................. 421

Port Channel Implementation.................................................................................................... 421

10/100/1000 Mbps Interfaces in Port Channels........................................................................422

Configuration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces...................................................................... 422

Creating a Port Channel............................................................................................................. 423

Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.......................................................................... 423

Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel......................................................................425

Configuring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel....................................................426

.....................................................................................................................................................426

Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel................................................................................ 427

Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel.........................................................................................427

Load Balancing Through Port Channels.................................................................................... 427

Load-Balancing Method.............................................................................................................428

Changing the Hash Algorithm....................................................................................................428

Bulk Configuration............................................................................................................................430

Interface Range...........................................................................................................................430

Bulk Configuration Examples.....................................................................................................430

Defining Interface Range Macros.....................................................................................................432

Define the Interface Range.........................................................................................................432

Choosing an Interface-Range Macro........................................................................................ 432

Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces............................................................................................433

Maintenance Using TDR............................................................................................................. 434

Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports.................................................................................................. 434

Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port............................................................ 435

Important Points to Remember................................................................................................. 436

Support for LM4 Optics.............................................................................................................. 436

Example Scenarios......................................................................................................................436

Link Dampening................................................................................................................................440

Important Points to Remember..................................................................................................441

Enabling Link Dampening...........................................................................................................441

Link Bundle Monitoring.................................................................................................................... 442

Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control.............................................................................. 443

Enabling Pause Frames...............................................................................................................444

Configure the MTU Size on an Interface.........................................................................................444

Port-Pipes......................................................................................................................................... 445

Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces........................................................................................445

Setting the Speed and Duplex Mode of Ethernet Interfaces.................................................... 446

Set Auto-Negotiation Options....................................................................................................447

View Advanced Interface Information.............................................................................................448

Configuring the Interface Sampling Size...................................................................................449

Dynamic Counters............................................................................................................................450

Clearing Interface Counters........................................................................................................451

Enhanced Validation of Interface Ranges........................................................................................ 451

Compressing Configuration Files.....................................................................................................452

23 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec).............................................................. 455

Configuring IPSec ............................................................................................................................456

24 IPv4 Routing....................................................................................................457

IP Addresses...................................................................................................................................... 457

Implementation Information...................................................................................................... 457

Configuration Tasks for IP Addresses...............................................................................................457

Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface............................................................................................458

Configuring Static Routes................................................................................................................ 459

Configure Static Routes for the Management Interface................................................................. 461

IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview.................................................................................................461

Using the Configured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages..........................................................462

Configuring the ICMP Source Interface.....................................................................................462

Configuring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection..............................................................463

Enabling Directed Broadcast............................................................................................................463

Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................... 464

Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names................................................................................ 464

Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains..........................................................465

Configuring DNS with Traceroute................................................................................................... 465

ARP....................................................................................................................................................466

Configuration Tasks for ARP............................................................................................................ 466

Configuring Static ARP Entries......................................................................................................... 467

Enabling Proxy ARP...........................................................................................................................467

Clearing ARP Cache..........................................................................................................................467

ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP..................................................................................................... 468

Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP......................................................................................468

ARP Learning via ARP Request......................................................................................................... 469

Configuring ARP Retries...................................................................................................................469

ICMP..................................................................................................................................................470

Configuration Tasks for ICMP.......................................................................................................... 470

Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages............................................................................................470

UDP Helper........................................................................................................................................471

Configure UDP Helper................................................................................................................ 471

Important Points to Remember..................................................................................................471

Enabling UDP Helper.........................................................................................................................471

Configuring a Broadcast Address.....................................................................................................472

Configurations Using UDP Helper....................................................................................................472

UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses...................................................................................... 473

UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses................................................................................473

UDP Helper with Configured Broadcast Addresses........................................................................ 474

UDP Helper with No Configured Broadcast Addresses.................................................................. 475

Troubleshooting UDP Helper...........................................................................................................475

25 IPv6 Routing....................................................................................................476

Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................476

Extended Address Space.............................................................................................................476

Stateless Autoconfiguration........................................................................................................476

IPv6 Headers................................................................................................................................477

IPv6 Header Fields.......................................................................................................................478

Extension Header Fields..............................................................................................................479

Addressing...................................................................................................................................480

Implementing IPv6 with Dell Networking OS..................................................................................482

ICMPv6..............................................................................................................................................484

Path MTU Discovery......................................................................................................................... 484

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery..................................................................................................................485

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets.................................................................................486

Configuration Task List for IPv6 RDNSS.......................................................................................... 486

Configuring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server..............................................................................486

Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host .............................................................487

Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information.......................................................................................... 488

Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport..................................................................................... 488

Configuration Tasks for IPv6............................................................................................................489

Adjusting Your CAM-Profile....................................................................................................... 489

Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface.................................................................................490

Assigning a Static IPv6 Route.....................................................................................................490

Configuring Telnet with IPv6......................................................................................................491

SNMP over IPv6...........................................................................................................................491

Showing IPv6 Information.......................................................................................................... 491

Showing an IPv6 Interface..........................................................................................................492

Showing IPv6 Routes..................................................................................................................493

Showing the Running-Configuration for an Interface..............................................................494

Clearing IPv6 Routes.................................................................................................................. 494

Configuring IPv6 RA Guard.............................................................................................................. 495

Configuring IPv6 RA Guard on an Interface.............................................................................. 497

Monitoring IPv6 RA Guard.......................................................................................................... 497

26 iSCSI Optimization........................................................................................ 498

iSCSI Optimization Overview........................................................................................................... 498

Monitoring iSCSI Traffic Flows................................................................................................... 500

Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Traffic Flows............................................................500

Information Monitored in iSCSI Traffic Flows........................................................................... 500

Detection and Auto-Configuration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays.................................................501

Configuring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays.................................................. 502

Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer........................................502

Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization......................................................................................502

Default iSCSI Optimization Values...................................................................................................503

iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites..................................................................................................... 504

Configuring iSCSI Optimization.......................................................................................................504

Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information..................................................................................... 506

27 Intermediate System to Intermediate System.......................................... 508

IS-IS Protocol Overview...................................................................................................................508

IS-IS Addressing................................................................................................................................508

Multi-Topology IS-IS........................................................................................................................ 509

Transition Mode.......................................................................................................................... 510

Interface Support.........................................................................................................................510

Adjacencies..................................................................................................................................510

Graceful Restart.................................................................................................................................510

Timers...........................................................................................................................................511

Implementation Information.............................................................................................................511

Configuration Information................................................................................................................512

Configuration Tasks for IS-IS...................................................................................................... 512

Configuring the Distance of a Route..........................................................................................521

Changing the IS-Type................................................................................................................. 521

Redistributing IPv4 Routes..........................................................................................................524

Redistributing IPv6 Routes..........................................................................................................525

Configuring Authentication Passwords......................................................................................525

Setting the Overload Bit..............................................................................................................526

Debugging IS-IS.......................................................................................................................... 527

IS-IS Metric Styles............................................................................................................................. 528

Configure Metric Values...................................................................................................................528

Maximum Values in the Routing Table...................................................................................... 529

Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only...................................................................... 529

Leaks from One Level to Another.............................................................................................. 530

Sample Configurations......................................................................................................................531

28 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)...............................................534

Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP....................................................................................... 534

Important Points to Remember................................................................................................. 534

LACP Modes................................................................................................................................ 535

Configuring LACP Commands................................................................................................... 535

LACP Configuration Tasks................................................................................................................536

Creating a LAG............................................................................................................................ 536

Configuring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic..............................................................................537

Setting the LACP Long Timeout................................................................................................. 537

Monitoring and Debugging LACP.............................................................................................. 538

Shared LAG State Tracking............................................................................................................... 538

Configuring Shared LAG State Tracking.....................................................................................539

Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking..................................................................540

LACP Basic Configuration Example..................................................................................................541

Configure a LAG on ALPHA........................................................................................................ 541

29 Layer 2..............................................................................................................549

Manage the MAC Address Table...................................................................................................... 549

Clearing the MAC Address Table................................................................................................549

Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries..............................................................................549

Configuring a Static MAC Address............................................................................................. 550

Displaying the MAC Address Table.............................................................................................550

MAC Learning Limit.......................................................................................................................... 550

Setting the MAC Learning Limit.................................................................................................. 551

mac learning-limit Dynamic....................................................................................................... 551

mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky.....................................................................................552

mac learning-limit station-move............................................................................................... 552

mac learning-limit no-station-move......................................................................................... 552

Learning Limit Violation Actions.................................................................................................553

Setting Station Move Violation Actions...................................................................................... 553

Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations..................................................554

NIC Teaming..................................................................................................................................... 554

Configure Redundant Pairs...............................................................................................................555

Important Points about Configuring Redundant Pairs.............................................................. 557

Far-End Failure Detection................................................................................................................ 558

FEFD State Changes....................................................................................................................559

Configuring FEFD........................................................................................................................560

Enabling FEFD on an Interface....................................................................................................561

Debugging FEFD......................................................................................................................... 562

30 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)........................................................564

802.1AB (LLDP) Overview.................................................................................................................564

Protocol Data Units.....................................................................................................................564

Optional TLVs....................................................................................................................................565

Management TLVs...................................................................................................................... 565

TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview...................................................................................................... 567

TIA Organizationally Specific TLVs.............................................................................................568

Configure LLDP.................................................................................................................................572

Related Configuration Tasks.......................................................................................................572

Important Points to Remember..................................................................................................573

LLDP Compatibility......................................................................................................................573

CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Configurations.................................................................... 573

Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................... 574

Disabling and Undoing LLDP......................................................................................................574

Advertising TLVs................................................................................................................................574

Viewing the LLDP Configuration...................................................................................................... 575

Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents.............................................................576

Configuring LLDPDU Intervals..........................................................................................................577

Configuring Transmit and Receive Mode........................................................................................ 578

Configuring a Time to Live............................................................................................................... 579

Debugging LLDP............................................................................................................................... 579

Relevant Management Objects........................................................................................................580

31 Microsoft Network Load Balancing............................................................ 586

NLB Unicast Mode Scenario.............................................................................................................586

NLB Multicast Mode Scenario.......................................................................................................... 587

Limitations With Enabling NLB on Switches.................................................................................... 587

Benefits and Working of Microsoft Clustering.................................................................................587

Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding .................................................................................................588

Configuring a Switch for NLB ..........................................................................................................588

.....................................................................................................................................................588

32 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)...........................................589

Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................589

Anycast RP.........................................................................................................................................591

Implementation Information............................................................................................................ 591

Configure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol............................................................................. 591

Related Configuration Tasks.......................................................................................................591

Enable MSDP.....................................................................................................................................595

Manage the Source-Active Cache................................................................................................... 596

Viewing the Source-Active Cache............................................................................................. 596

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