Vertex VX-180EU User manual

Brand: Vertex

Model: VX-180EU

Category: Two-way radios

Type: User manual

This manual is also suitable for

VX-160EU

Introduction

This manual provides technical information necessary for servicing the VX-160EU and VX-180EU FM Transceiver.

Servicing this equipment requires expertise in handling surface-mount chip components. Attempts by non-qualified

persons to service this equipment may result in permanent damage not covered by the warranty, and may be illegal in

some countries.

Two PCB layout diagrams are provided for each double-sided circuit board in the transceiver. Each side of is referred

to by the type of the majority of components installed on that side (“leaded” or “chip-only”). In most cases one side has

only chip components, and the other has either a mixture of both chip and leaded components (trimmers, coils, electrolytic

capacitors, ICs, etc.), or leaded components only.

While we believe the technical information in this manual to be correct, VERTEX STANDARD assumes no liability

for damage that may occur as a result of typographical or other errors that may be present. Your cooperation in pointing

out any inconsistencies in the technical information would be appreciated.

Service Manual

VX-160EU/-180EU

UHF FM Transceiver

Operating Manual Reprint............................ 2

Cloning .............................................................. 6

Specifications ................................................... 7

Exploded View & Miscellaneous Parts ...... 8

Contents

Block Diagram ................................................. 9

Circuit Description ................................11

Alignment .................................................13

Board Unit (

Schematics, Layouts & Parts

)

MAIN Unit ................................................................ 17

VX-160EU VX-180EU

VERTEX STANDARD CO., LTD.

4-8-8 Nakameguro, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo 153-8644, Japan

VERTEX STANDARD

US Headquarters

10900 Walker Street, Cypress, CA 90630, U.S.A.

YAESU EUROPE B.V.

P.O. Box 75525, 1118 ZN Schiphol, The Netherlands

YAESU UK LTD.

Unit 12, Sun Valley Business Park, Winnall Close

Winchester, Hampshire, SO23 0LB, U.K.

VERTEX STANDARD HK LTD.

Unit 5, 20/F., Seaview Centre, 139-141 Hoi Bun Road,

Kwun Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong

EC037U90B

Operating Manual Reprint

Controls & ConnectorsControls & Connectors

Controls & Connectors

Before You BeginBefore You Begin

Before You Begin

Battery Pack Installation and Removal

U To install the battery, hold the transceiver with your

left hand, so your palm is over the speaker and your

thumb is on the top of the belt clip. Insert the battery

pack into the battery compartment on the back of the

radio while tilting the Belt Clip outward, then close

the Battery Pack Latch until it locks in place with a

“Click.”

Display Icons & Indicators (VX-180E Only)Display Icons & Indicators (VX-180E Only)

Display Icons & Indicators (VX-180E Only)

U To remove the battery, turn the radio off and remove

any protective cases. Open the Battery Pack latch on

the bottom of the radio, then slide the battery down-

ward and out from the radio while holding the Belt

Clip.

Caution!

Do not attempt to open any of the rechargeable Ni-

Cd packs, as they could explode if accidentally short-

circuited.

Low Battery Indication

U As the battery discharges during use, the voltage gradu-

ally becomes lower. When the battery voltage becomes

to low, substitute a freshly charged battery and recharge

the depleted pack. The TX/BUSY indicator on the top

of the radio will blink red (on the VX-180, the “

”

icon will appear on the LCD) when the battery voltage

is low.

U Avoid recharging Ni-Cd batteries often with little use

between charges, as this can degrade the charge capac-

ity. We recommend that you carry an extra, fully-

charged pack with you so the operational battery may

be used until depletion (this “deep cycling” technique

promotes better long-term battery capacity).

Microphone

Speaker

MIC/SP Jack

(

External Mic/Earphone

)

VOL/PWR Knob

(

Channel

)

Selector

Monitor Button

Push To Talk

(

PTT

)

Switch

Antenna

LED Indicator

LCD (VX-180E)

Soft KEY (VX-180E)

Battery Pack Latch

8 Character Alpha-numeric Invertible Display

This icon is the “Low Battery” in-

dicator, which appears when the

battery voltage becomes too low

for proper operation.

This indicator confirms that 2

or 5-TONE DECODE is active.

This indicator confirms that

UAL WATCH is active.

This indicator confirms that

this channel will be skipped

during scan.

This indicator will ap-

pears during this "Scan

Pause" condision.

Glows Green Monitor on (except 5-Tone Mode)

Blinking Green Busy Channel (or SQL off)

Glows Red Transmitting

Blinking Red Battery Voltage is low

Blinking Yellow Receiving a Selective Call

Operating Manual Reprint

Preliminary Steps

U Install a charged battery pack onto the transceiver, as

described previously.

U Screw the supplied antenna onto the Antenna jack.

Never attempt to operate this transceiver without an

antenna connected.

U If you have a Speaker/Microphone, we recommend that

it not be connected until you are familiar with the ba-

sic operation of the VX-160E/-180E.

Operation Quick Start

U Turn the top panel’s VOL/

PWR knob clockwise to turn

on the radio on.

U Turn the top panel’s CH selec-

tor knob to choose the desired

operating channel.

U Rotate the VOL/PWR knob to

set the volume level. If no sig-

nal is present, press and hold

in the MONITOR key (the

lower button on the left side)

for more than 1 seconds; back-

ground noise will now be heard, and you may use this

to set the VOL/PWR knob for the desired audio level.

U Press and hold in the MONI-

TOR key for more than 1 sec-

onds (or press the MONITOR

key twice) to quiet the noise

and resume normal (quiet)

monitoring.

U To transmit, press and hold in

the PTT switch. Speak into the

microphone area of the front

panel grille (lower left-hand

corner) in a normal voice level.

To return to the Receive mode,

release the PTT switch.

U If a Speaker/Microphone is available, remove the plas-

tic cap and its two mounting screws from the right side

of the transceiver, then insert the plug from the Speaker/

Microphone into the MIC/SP jack; secure the plug us-

ing the screws supplied with the Speaker/Microphone.

Hold the speaker grille up next to your ear while re-

ceiving. To transmit, press the PTT switch on the

Speaker/Microphone, just as you would on the main

transceiver’s body.

Note: Save the original plastic cap and its mounting

screws. They should be re-installed when not us-

ing the Speaker/Microphone.

OperationOperation

Operation

Key FunctionsKey Functions

Key Functions

The VX-180E provides programmable [A], [B], and [C]

function keys, and both the VX-160E and VX-180E pro-

vide programmable MONITOR keys. These “Soft” keys

functions can be customized (set to other functions), via

programming by your VERTEX STANDARD dealer, to

meet your communications/network requirements. The

possible Soft key programming features are illustrated at

the right, and their functions are explained in the next chap-

ter. For further details, contact your VERTEX STAN-

DARD dealer.

For future reference, check the box next to each function

that has been assigned to the Soft key on your particular

radio, and keep it handy.

* VX-180E only ** 32 Channel Version only

Function

None

Monitor

Squelch off

Low Power

Lock*

Lamp*

Channel Up*

Channel Down*

Scan

Follow-me Scan

Dual Watch

Talk Around

Add/Del*

Reset

Speed Dial

TX Save Off

Call 1

Call 2

Call 3

Code Select*

Code Up*

Code Down*

Emergency

Group**

Soft Key

MONITOR Key

Press

Press and

Hold

[

]

Press

Press and

Hold

[

]

Press

Press and

Hold

[

]

Press

Press and

Hold

Operating Manual Reprint

Description of Operating FunctionsDescription of Operating Functions

Description of Operating Functions

Monitor

Press the assigned Soft key momentarily to override (dis-

able) the Tone squelch (For the 5-Tone mode, please ask

to your nearest Vertex Standard dealers).

Squelch OFF

Press (or Press and hold) the assigned Soft key to hear

background noise (unmute the audio).

Background noise or incoming signals will now be heard

whether or not a matching tone is present on the signal.

Press and hold in the assigned Soft key for more than 1

seconds to override both the Noise and Tone squelch. Again

press and hold in the assigned Soft key for more than 1

seconds (or press the assigned Soft key twice) to resume

normal (quiet) Noise and Tone squelch action.

Low Power

Press (or Press and hold) the assigned Soft key to set the

radio's transmitter to the “Low Power” mode, thus extend-

ing battery life. Press the assigned Soft key again to re-

turn to “High Power” operation when in difficult terrain.

Lock

Press (or Press and hold) the assigned Soft key to lock

the Soft keys (except Emergency, Lock and Monitor key);

thus, the

[

]

[

]

[

]

, and MONITOR keys can be dis-

abled to prevent radio settings from being disturbed.

Lamp

Press (or Press and hold) the assigned Soft key to illumi-

nate the LCD for five seconds.

Channel Up

Press (or Press and hold) the assigned Soft key to switch

to a higher operating channel number.

Channel Down

Press (or Press and hold) the assigned Soft key to switch

to a lower operating channel number.

Scan

The Scanning feature is used to monitor multiple chan-

nels programmed into the transceiver. While scanning, the

radio will check each channel for the presence of a signal,

and will stop on a channel if a signal is present.

U To activate scanning:

Press (or Press and hold) the assigned Soft key.

The scanner will search the channels, looking for ac-

tive ones; it will pause each time it finds a channel on

which someone is speaking.

U To stop scanning:

Press (or Press and hold) the assigned Soft key.

Operation will revert to the channel to which the CH

knob is set.

Follow-Me Scan

“Follow-Me” Scan feature checks a User-assigned Prior-

ity Channel regularly as you scan the other channels. Thus,

if only Channels 1, 3, and 5 (of the 8 available channels)

are designated for “Scanning,” the user may nonetheless

assign Channel as the “User-assigned” Priority Channel

via the “Follow-Me” feature.

Press the assigned Soft key to activate “Follow-Me” scan-

ning, then turn the CH selector knob to the channel which

you want to designate as the “User-Assigned Priority Chan-

nel”. When the scanner stops on an “active” channel, the

User-assigned Priority Channel will automatically be

checked every few seconds.

Dual Watch

The Dual Watch feature is similar to the Scan feature, ex-

cept that only two channels are monitored: the current

operating channel, and the “Priority” channel.

U To activate Dual Watch:

Press (or Press and hold) the assigned Soft key.

The scanner will search the two channels; it will pause

each time it finds a channel on which someone is speak-

ing.

U To stop Dual Watch:

Press the assigned Soft key.

Operation will revert to the channel to which the CH

knob is set.

Talk Around

Press (or Press and hold) the assigned Soft to activate the

Talk Around feature when you are operating on duplex

channel systems (separate receive and transmit frequen-

cies, utilizing a “repeater” station). The Talk Around fea-

ture allows you to bypass the repeater station and talk di-

rectly to a station that is nearby. This feature has no effect

when you are operating on “Simplex” channels, where the

receive and transmit frequencies are already the same.

Note that your dealer may have made provision for “Talk

Around” channels by programming “repeater” and “Talk

Around” frequencies on two adjacent channels. If so, the

key may be used for one of the other Pre-Programmed

Functions.

Add/Del

The Add/Del feature allows the user to arrange a custom

Scan.

Press (or Press and hold) the assigned Soft key to delete/

restore the current channel to/from your scanning list.

When you delete a current channel, “SKIP” will appear

on the LCD after pressing the Soft key. When you re-

store a current channel, “SKIP” indicator on the LCD will

turn off.

Operating Manual Reprint

Description of Operating FunctionsDescription of Operating Functions

Description of Operating Functions

Reset

Press (or Press and hold) the assigned Soft key to reset

the 2-Tone or 5-Tone sequential signaling System.

Speed Dial

Your Dealer may have pre-programmed Auto-Dial tele-

phone number memories into your radio.

To dial a number, just press (or Press and hold) the Dealer-

assigned Soft key for Speed Dialing. The DTMF tones

sent during the dialing sequence will be heard in the

speaker.

TX Save Off

Press (or Press and hold) the assigned Soft key to disable

the Transmit Battery Saver, if you are operating in a loca-

tion where high power is almost always needed.

The Transmit Battery Saver helps extend battery life by

reducing transmit power when a very strong signal from

an apparently nearby station is being received. Under some

circumstances, though, your hand-held radio may not be

heard well at the other end of the communication path,

and high power may be necessary at all times.

Call 1

Press (or press and hold) the assigned Soft key to send

the 5-Tone sequential Code which is set to the present chan-

nel.

Call 2 / 3

Press (or press and hold) the assigned Soft Key to send

the pre-programmed 5-Tone sequential Code.

Accessories & OptionsAccessories & Options

Accessories & Options

FNB-64 7.2 V 700 mAh Ni-Cd Battery

FNB-V57 7.2 V 1100 mAh Ni-Cd Battery

FBA-25A Alkaline Battery Case

NC-77C 230-240 VAC Overnight Desktop Charger

NC-77U 230 VAC Overnight Desktop Charger

VAC-800 Desktop Rapid Charger

VAC-6800 6-unit Multi Charger

MH-45

B4B

Speaker/Microphone

MH-37

A4B

Earpiece Microphone

VC-25 VOX Headset

VCM-1 Mobile Mounting Bracket (for VAC-800)

ATU-6A UHF Antenna, 410~430 MHz

ATU-6C UHF Antenna, 440~470 MHz

CT-42 PC Programming Cable

CT-27 Radio to Radio Programming Cable

CE51 Programming Software

Code Select

Press (or press and hold) the assigned Soft Key to engage

the setting of the 5-Tone sequential Code.

While setting the sequential code, press (or press and hold)

this key to move the cursor to the next character.

Code Up

Press (or press and hold) the assigned Soft Key to switch

to a higher paging code number for the 5-Tone sequential

signaling System.

While setting the sequential code, press (or press and hold)

this key to switch to a higher sequential Code number.

Code Down

Press (or ress and hold) the assigned Soft Key to switch

to a lower paging code number for the 5-Tone sequential

signaling System.

While setting the sequential code, press (or press and hold)

this key to switch to a lower sequential Code number.

Emergency

The VX-160E/-180E includes an “Emergency” feature

which may be useful if you have someone monitoring on

the same frequency as your transceiver’s channel. For fur-

ther details contact your nearest Vertex Standard dealer.

Groupe (32 Channel Version only)

The 32-Channel Version is capable of separating its 32

channels into either of 2 groups (Group-A:CH 1~CH 16,

Group-B:CH 17~CH 32). Press (or press and hold in) the

assigned Soft key to change the between Group-A and

Group-B.

Cloning

The VX-160E/-180E includes a convenient Cloning feature, which allows the programming data from one transceiver

to be transferred to another VX-160E/-180E. Here is the procedure for Cloning one radio's data to another.

Optional Cloning Cable CT-27

1. Turn both transceivers off.

2. Remove the plastic cap and its two mounting screws

from the MIC/SP jack on the right side of the trans-

ceiver. Do this for both transceivers.

3. Connect the optional CT-27 cloning cable between the

MIC/SP jacks of the two transceivers.

4. Press and hold in the PTT and MONITOR switches

(just below the PTT switch) while turning the trans-

ceiver on. Do this for both transceivers (the order of

the switch-on does not matter). “

CLONECLONE

CLONE” will appear

on the displays (for the VX-180E) of both transceiv-

ers when Clone mode is successfully activated in this

step; in the case of the VX-160E, no change will be

observed at this point.

5. On the Destination transceiver, press the MONITOR

switch. “

LOADINGLOADING

LOADING” will appear on the LCD (for VX-

180E; for VX-160E, the TX/BUSY indicator on the

top of the radio will glow Green).

6. Press the PTT switch on the source transceiver; “

SEND-SEND-

SEND-

INGING

ING” will appear on the Source transceiver (for VX-

180E; for VX-160E, the TX/BUSY indicator on the

top of the radio will glow Red), and the data will be

transferred.

7. If there is a problem during the cloning process, “

ER-ER-

ER-

RORROR

ROR” will appear on the LCD (for VX-180E; for VX-

160E, the TX/BUSY indicator on the top of the radio

will blink Red); check your cable connections and bat-

tery voltage, and try again.

8. If the data transfer is successful, the display will return

to “

CLONECLONE

CLONE” (for VX-180E; for VX-160E, the TX/

BUSY indicator on the top of the radio will turn off).

Turn both transceivers off and disconnect the CT-27

cable. You can then turn the transceivers back on, and

begin normal operation.

9. Replace the plastic cap and its two mounting screws.

Specifications

GENERAL Specifications

Frequency Range (MHz): 440 - 470 (TYP CS)

400 - 430 (TYP AS1)

420 - 450 (TYP B)

450 - 490 (TYP D)

Number of Channels: 16 channels, 32 channels (32 Channel Version)

Channel Spacing: 12.5 / 25 kHz

PLL Steps 5.0 / 6.25 kHz

Power Supply voltage: 7.5 VDC ± 10%

Operating Temperature Range: –25°C to +55°C

Frequency Stability: ±5.0 ppm

Dimensions (WHD): 58 (W) x 120 (H) x 31 (D) mm

Weight (approx.): 365 g w/FNB-64

RECEIVER Specifications (Measurements made per ETS 300-086)

Sensitivity (ETS 20 dB SINAD) : 0.20 µV

Adjacent channel selectivity: 70 dB (25 kHz) / 60 dB (12.5 kHz)

Intermodulation: 65 dB

Spurious and Image Rejection: 65 dB

Hum & Noise 45 dB

Audio output: 500 mW @4 Ohms, 10% THD

TRANSMITTER Specifications (Measurements made per ETS 300-086)

Power output: 5.0 / 1.0 W

Modulation: 16K0F3E, 11K0F3E

Conducted Spurious Emissions: 73 dB Below Carrier

FM Hum & Noise: 43 dB (25 kHz) / 38 dB (12.5 kHz)

Audio distortion (@ 1 kHz): < 5 %

Measurements per EIA standards unless noted above. Specifications subject to change without notice or obligation.

Exploded View & Miscellaneous Parts

RA0414600 (Lot. 1-12)

RA041460A (Lot. 13-21)

RA041460B (Lot. 22-)

FRONT CASE ASSY (VX-180E)

RA0414400 (Lot. 1-12)

RA041440A (Lot. 13-21)

RA041440B (Lot. 22-)

FRONT CASE ASSY (VX-160E)

RA0294800 (VX-180E)

INTER CONNECTOR

RA0294300

RUBBER PACKING

RA0293900

RUBBER KNOB

RA0123500

LATCH NAIL B

RA0173500

CAP

MAIN Unit

RA0293100

REAR CASE ASSY

(w/SMA CONNECTOR, TERMINAL PLATE L,

PAN HEAD SCREW M2X3NI)

TERMINAL PLATE L

RA029450A (Lot. 1-38)

RA029450B (Lot. 39-)

LIGHT GUIDE (VX-180E)

RA0107000

TERMINAL PLATE R

RA010340A (Lot. 1-3)

RA010340B (Lot. 4-)

TERMINAL HOLDER











R6147510

RING NUT (x 2 pcs)

RA0296100

VOLUME KNOB

RA0296200

KNOB (CH)

RA0210900

WINDOW

G6090139 (VX-180E)

LCD

RA0110200

HOLDER RUBBER

REF. VXSTD P/N Description Qty.

 U44104002 TAPTITE SCREW M2X4NI 10



U44104002

TAPTITE SCREW M2X4NI 2

(VX-180E)

 U20206007 BINDING HEAD SCREW M2.6X6B 2

 U24110002 TAPTITE SCREW M2X10NI 2

 U02206007 SEMS SCREW SM2.6X6B 2

 U00103002 PAN HEAD SCREW M2X3NI 1

RA0210600

RUBBER PACKING (x 2 pcs)

RA0438200 (VX-180E)

LCD HOLDER





CP7355001

BELT CLIP ASSY

RA033490A (VX-180E)

REFLECTOR SHEET

CAUTION

The mic element must be desoldered

and removed from the PCB on order to re-

install its protective rubber cover.

Therefore, be care-

ful not to remove this

cover unless mic ele-

ment replacement is

necessary.



RA0438200 (VX-180E)

INSULATOR SHEET



RA0425100 (Lot. 1-4)

RA042510A (Lot. 5-31)

RA042510B (Lot. 32-39)

RA042510C (Lot. 40-)

CONTACT TR25-10.5X15

RA0424900 (Lot. 1-4)

RA042490A (Lot. 5-31)

RA042490B (Lot. 32-39)

RA042490C (Lot. 40-)

CONTACT TR25-1815 (2 pcs)

RA0376900 (Lot. 1-24)

RA0533600 (Lot. 25-)

SHEET

RA0425000 (Lot. 1-4)

RA042500A (Lot. 5-31)

RA042500B (Lot. 32-39)

RA042500C (Lot. 40-)

CONTACT TR25-7X15

RA0442300

SPONGE RUBBER

RA0294200

PTT KNOB

Block Diagram

Note:

Circuit Description

Receive Signal Path

Incoming RF from the antenna jack is delivered to the

RF Unit and passes through a low-pass filter consisting of

coils L1001, L1002, and L1003, capacitors C1001, C1002,

C1010, C1011, C1012, C1013, C1014, C1015, and C1016,

and antenna switching diode D1001 (RLS135 TE-11).

Signals within the frequency range of the transceiver

enter a varactor-tuned band-pass filter consisting of coils

L1011 and L1014, capacitors C1043, C1044, C1064,

C1081, and C1082, and diodes D1004, D1005, D1006,

and D1007

HVC350B TRF), then amplified by Q1013

(2SC5006-T1) and enter a varactor-tuned band-pass fil-

ter consisting of coils L1018, L1019, and L1020, capaci-

tors C1096, C1097, C1098, C1099, C1100, C1101, C1113,

C1114, C1115, C1116, and C1117, and diodes D1014,

D101

, and D1019 ( HVC350B TRF), before first

mixing by Q1036 (3SK-320 TE85L).

Buffered output from the VCO is amplified by Q1025

(2SC5005-T1) to provide a pure first local signal between

395.75 and 425.75 MHz for injection to the first mixer.

The 44.25 MHz first mixer product then passes through

monolithic crystal filter XF1001, XF1002 (

HDF0028, 5.5 kHz BW) to strip away unwanted mixer

products, and the IF signal is then amplified by Q1042

(2SC4215Y TE85R).

The amplified first IF signal is applied to FM IF sub-

system IC Q1048 (TA31136FN-EL), which contains the

second mixer, second local oscillator, limiter amplifier,

noise amplifier, and RSSI amplifier.

The second local signal is produced from the PLL refer-

ence/second local oscillator of 14.60 MHz crystal X1002.

The 14.60 MHz reference signal is tripled by Q1048, ca-

pacitor C1191, and coil L1034, and the resulting 43.8 MHz

second local signal is then delivered to the mixer section

of Q1048, which produces the 450 kHz second IF when

mixed with the first IF signal.

The second IF then passes through ceramic filter CF1001

(ALFYM450G=K on “Narrow” channels) or CF1002

(ALFYM450F=K on “Wide” channels) to strip away all

but the desired signal, and then is applied to the limiter

amplifier in Q1048, which removes amplitude variations

in the 450 kHz IF, before detection of the speech by the

ceramic discriminator, CD1001 (CDBC450CX24).

Detected audio from Q1048 is applied to the audio high-

pass filter, and then passes via the volume control to the

audio amplifier Q1055 (NJM2070M-TE2), which pro-

vides up to 1/2 Watt to the optional headphone jack or a 4-

ohm loudspeaker.

Squelch Control

The squelch circuitry consists of a noise amplifier and

band-pass filter within Q1048 (TA31136FN), and noise

detector D1036 (1SS400 TE-61).

When no carrier is received, noise at the output of the

detector stage in Q1048 is amplified and band-pass fil-

tered by the noise amplifier section of Q1048 and the net-

work between pins 7 and 8, and then is rectified by D1036.

The resulting DC squelch control voltage is passed to

pin 37 of the microprocessor Q1011 (M37516F8HP). If

no carrier is received, this signal causes pin 24 of Q1011

to go low and pin 20 to go high. Pin 24 signals Q1047

(CPH6102) to disable the supply voltage to the audio am-

plifier Q1055 (NJM2070M), while pin 20 holds the green

(Busy) half of the LED off, when pin 24 is low and pin 20

is high.

Thus, the microprocessor blocks output from the audio

amplifier, and silences the receiver, while no signal is be-

ing received (and during transmission, as well).

When a carrier appears at the discriminator, noise is re-

moved from the output, causing pin 37 of Q1011 to go

low and the microprocessor to activate the “Busy” LED

via Q1022 (2SC4154-T11).

The microprocessor then checks for CTCSS or DCS code

squelch information, if enabled. If not transmitting and

CTCSS or DCS is not activated, or if the received tone or

code matches that programmed, audio is allowed to pass

through the audio amplifier Q1055 to the loudspeaker by

the enabling of the supply voltage to it via Q1047.

Transmit Signal Path

Speech input from the microphone is amplified by Q1017

(NJM2902V TE1);

after pre-emphasis by C1059 and R1055,

the audio is amplified in another section of Q1017.

The processed audio may then be mixed with a CTCSS

tone generated by Q1011 (M37516F8HP) for frequency

modulation of the PLL carrier (up to ±5 kHz from the

unmodulated carrier) at the transmitting frequency.

If a DCS code is enabled for transmission, the code is

generated by microprocessor Q1011 and delivered to

D1031 (HVC350B TRF) for DCS modulating.

The modulated signal from the VCO Q1040 (2SC4227-

R34) is buffered by Q1025 (2SC5005-T1).

The low-level transmit signal then passes through the

T/R switching diode D1016 (DAN235E-TL) to buffer

amplifier Q1020 (2SC5005-T1), driver amplifiers Q1014

(2SC3357-RF) and Q1009 (2SK2973-T13), then the

amplified transmit signal is applied to the final amplifier

Q1006 (2SK2974-T11), which delivers up to 5 watts of

output power.

The transmit signal then passes through the antenna

switch D1001 (RLS135 TE-11) and is low-pass filtered,

to suppress harmonic spurious radiation, before delivery

to the antenna.

Automatic Transmit Power Control

Current from the final amplifier is sampled by R1020,

R1039, and R1042, and is rectified by Q1003 (IMZ2A

T108). The resulting DC is fed back through Q1002

(FMW1 T98) to the drive amplifier Q1009 (2SK2973)

and final amplifier Q1006 (2SK2974), for control of the

power output.

The microprocessor selects “High” or “Low” power

levels.

Transmit Inhibit

When the transmit PLL is unlocked, pin 7 of PLL chip

Q1050 (MB15A02PFV1-G-BND-EF) goes to a logic

“Low,” and unlock detector Q1051 (2SA1602A-F) goes

to a logic “High.” The resulting DC unlock control volt-

age is passed to pin 14 of the microprocessor, Q1011

(M37516F8HP). While the transmit PLL is unlocked, pin

22 of Q1011 remains high, which then turns off Q1023

(CPH6102-TL) to disable the TX 5 V line to Q1014

(2SC3357-T2) and Q1020 (2SC5005-T1), and also Au-

tomatic Power Controller Q1002 (FMW1 T98) the con-

trols the bias voltage for Q1006 (2SK2974) and Q1009

(2SK2973-T13), thereby disableing the transmitter.

Spurious Suppression

Generation of spurious products by the transmitter is

minimized by the fundamental carrier frequency being

equal to final transmitting frequency, modulated directly

in the transmit VCO. Additional harmonic suppression is

provided by a low-pass filter consisting of coils L1001,

L1002, and L1003 plus capacitors C1001, C1002, C1010,

C1012, C1013, C1014, C1015, and C1016, resulting har-

monic suppression prior to delivery to the antenna.

PLL Frequency Synthesizer

The PLL circuitry on the Main Unit consists of VCO

Q1037 (2SK508-K52), and Q1040 (2SC4227-R34),

VCO buffer Q1025 (2SC5005), and PLL subsystem IC

Q1050 (MB15A02PFV1-G-BND-EF), which contains

a reference divider, serial-to-parallel data latch, program-

mable divider, phase comparator, and charge pump.

Frequency stability is maintained by temperature com-

pensating thermistor TH1001. The output from TH1001

is applied to pin 39 of Q1011 (M37516F8HP). Q1011

outputs thermal data to D/A converter Q1004 (M62364FP

600D), which produces a DC voltage corresponding to

the thermal data. The resulting DC voltage is applied to

varactor diode D1031 (HVC350B TRF) to stabilize the

14.60 MHz Reference Frequency.

While receiving, VCO Q1037 oscillates between 395.75

and 425.75 MHz according to the transceiver version and

the programmed receiving frequency. The VCO output is

buffered by Q1025 , then applied to the prescaler section

of Q1050. There the VCO signal is divided by 64 or 65,

according to a control signal from the data latch section of

Q1050, before being sent to the programmable divider

section of Q1050.

The data latch section of Q1050 also receives serial di-

viding data from the microprocessor, Q1011, which causes

the pre-divided VCO signal to be further divided in the

programmable divider section, depending upon the desired

receive frequency, so as to produce a 5.0 kHz or 6.25 kHz

derivative of the current VCO frequency.

Meanwhile, the reference divider section of Q1050 di-

vides the 14.60 MHz crystal reference (from the reference

oscillator) by 2920 (or 2336) to produce the 5 kHz (or

6.25 kHz) loop references (respectively).

The 5 kHz (or 6.25 kHz) signal from the programmable

divider (derived from the VCO) and that derived from the

reference oscillator are applied to the phase detector sec-

tion of Q1011, which produces a pulsed output with pulse

duration depending on the phase difference between the

input signals.

This pulse train is filtered to DC and returned to the

varactor D1024, D1025, D1026, and D102

HVC350B TRF). Changes in the level of the DC voltage

are applied to the varactor, affecting the reference in the

tank circuit of the VCO according to the phase difference

between the signals derived from the VCO and the crystal

reference oscillator.

The VCO is thus phase-locked to the crystal reference

oscillator. The output of the VCO Q1037, after buffering by

Q1025, is applied to the first mixer as described previously.

For transmission, the VCO Q1040 oscillates between

440 and 470 MHz according to the model version and

programmed transmit frequency. The remainder of the PLL

circuitry is shared with the receiver. However, the divid-

ing data from the microprocessor is such that the VCO

frequency is at the actual transmit frequency. Also, the

VCO is modulated by the speech audio applied to D1020

(HVC350B), as described previously.

Receive and transmit buses select which VCO is made

active, using Q1027, Q1038

RT1N441U-T11-1),

and Q1039 (RT1P441U-T11-1).

Miscellaneous Circuits

Push-To-Talk Transmit Activation

The PTT switch on the microphone is connected to pin

48 of microprocessor Q1011 (M37516F8HP), so that

when the PTT switch is closed, pin 23 of Q1011 goes low.

This signal disables the receiver by disabling the 5 V sup-

ply bus at Q1019 (DTB123EK T146) to the front-end,

FM IF subsystem IC Q1048 (TA31136FN), and the re-

ceiver VCO circuitry.

At the same time, Q1024 (FMW1 T98) and Q1023

(CPH6102-TL) activate the transmit 5V supply line to

enable the transmitter.

Circuit Description

Introduction

The VX-160E/-180E has been aligned at the factory

for the specified performance across the entire frequency

range specified. Realignment should therefore not be nec-

essary except in the event of a component failure. All com-

ponent replacement and service should be performed only

by an authorized Vertex Standard representative, or the

warranty policy may be voided.

The following procedures cover the sometimes critical

and tedious adjustments that are not normally required once

the transceiver has left the factory. However, if damage

occurs and some parts are replaced, realignment may be

required. If a sudden problem occurs during normal op-

eration, it is likely due to component failure; realignment

should not be done until after the faulty component has

been replaced.

We recommend that servicing be performed only by

authorized Vertex Standard service technicians who are

experienced with the circuitry and fully equipped for re-

pair and alignment. Therefore, if a fault is suspected, con-

tact the dealer from whom the transceiver was purchased

for instructions regarding repair. Authorized Vertex Stan-

dard service technicians realign all circuits and make com-

plete performance checks to ensure compliance with fac-

tory specifications after replacing any faulty components.

Those who do undertake any of the following alignments

are cautioned to proceed at their own risk. Problems caused

by unauthorized attempts at realignment are not covered

by the warranty policy. Also, Vertex Standard must re-

serve the right to change circuits and alignment proce-

dures in the interest of improved performance, without

notifying owners. Under no circumstances should any

alignment be attempted unless the normal function and

operation of the transceiver are clearly understood, the

cause of the malfunction has been clearly pinpointed and

any faulty components replaced, and the need for realign-

ment determined to be absolutely necessary. The follow-

ing test equipment (and thorough familiarity with its cor-

rect use) is necessary for complete realignment. Correc-

tion of problems caused by misalignment resulting from

use of improper test equipment is not covered under the

warranty policy. While most steps do not require all of the

equipment listed, the interactions of some adjustments may

require that more complex adjustments be performed af-

terwards. Do not attempt to perform only a single step

unless it is clearly isolated electrically from all other steps.

Have all test equipment ready before beginning, and fol-

low all of the steps in a section in the order presented.

Required Test Equipment

U Avionics Radio Tester with calibrated output level at 1

GHz

U In-line Wattmeter with 5% accuracy at 1 GHz

U 50-ohm, 10-W RF Dummy Load

U Regulated DC Power Supply (standard 7.5V DC, 2A)

U Frequency Counter: ±0.2 ppm accuracy at 1 GHz

U AF Signal Generator

U AC Voltmeter

U DC Voltmeter

U UHF Sampling Coupler

U Microsoft® Windows® 95 or later operating system

U Vertex Standard CT-42 Connection Cable and CE51

Alignment program

Alignment Preparation & Precautions

A 50-ohm RF Dummy load and in-line wattmeter must

be connected to the main antenna jack in all procedures

that call for transmission, except where specified other-

wise. Correct alignment is not possible with an antenna.

After completing one step, read the following step to

determine whether the same test equipment will be re-

quired. If not, remove the test equipment (except dummy

load and wattmeter, if connected) before proceeding.

Correct alignment requires that the ambient tempera-

ture be the same as that of the transceiver and test equip-

ment, and that this temperature be held constant between

20° and 30°C (68°~ 86°F). When the transceiver is brought

into the shop from hot or cold air, it should be allowed

time to come to room temperature before alignment.

Whenever possible, alignments should be made with

oscillator shields and circuit boards firmly affixed in place.

Also, the test equipment must be thoroughly warmed up

before beginning.

Note:Signal levels in dB referred to in this procedure are

based on 0 dBµ = 0.5 µV (closed circuit).

Important Note

When connecting the CT-42 plug into the MIC/SP

jack of the VX-160E/-180E, you must remove the

plastic cap and its mounting screws prior to program-

ming. Please remember to re-attach the cap and screws

when the programming is complete.

Alignment

The transceiver must be programmed for use in the

intended system before alignment is attempted. The RF

parameters are loaded from the file during the alignment

process.

In order to facilitate alignment over the complete oper-

ating rang of the equipment, it is recommended that the chan-

nel data in the transceiver be preset as per the chart below.

Channels

Frequency (MHz)

TYP AS1 TYP CS

Low Band Edge 400.000 440.000

(Channel 1) (Low POWER) (Low POWER)

Band Center 415.000 455.000

(Channel 2, 3) (High POWER) (High POWER)

High Band Edge 430.000 470.000

(Channel 4)

(High POWER) (High POWER)

Channels

Frequency (MHz)

TYP B TYP D

Low Band Edge 420.000 450.000

(Channel 1) (Low POWER) (Low POWER)

Band Center 435.000 470.000

(Channel 2, 3) (High POWER) (High POWER)

High Band Edge 450.000 490.000

(Channel 4)

(High POWER) (High POWER)

Set up the test equipment as shown below for transceiver

alignment, and apply 7.5V DC power to the transceiver.

Inline

Wattmeter

Deviation Meter

Frequency

Counter

RF Sampling

Coupler

Signal Generator

Power Supply

7.5V DC

CT-42 connection

Cable

MIC/SP

COM port

Alignment

COM 1

Personal

Computer

MIC/SP

VX-160E/-180E

CT-42 PC Programming Cable

Transceiver

Channel

Tone-Frequency (Hz) / DCS-code

CTCSS DCS

Low Band Edge

––

(Channel 1)

Band Center

67.0 627

(Channel 2)

Band Center

254.1 627

(Channel 3)

High Band Edge

––

(Channel 4)

The alignment tool outline

Installation of the Alignment tool

The “alignment mode” is a software-based protocol,

accessed by an “Alignment Mode” command from the

computer while switching the transceiver on. It is oper-

ated by the alignment tool automatically. During use of

the alignment mode, normal operation is suspended. The

alignment tool program provides all needed operation ca-

pability.

Entering Alignment Mode

To enter the alignment mode, turn the transceiver off,

Select “

RadioRadio

Radio” then “

AlignmentAlignment

Alignment” parameter. Now, turn

the transceiver back on. When the command has been suc-

cessful, a message on the computer screen will confirm

that the transceiver is now in the “Alignment” mode.

Alignment Sequence

Although the data displayed on the computer's screen

during alignment is temporary data, it is important you

follow the basic alignment sequence precisely, so that the

displayed data and the data loaded into the transceiver are

identical.

Basic Alignment Sequence

1. Enter the alignment mode

2. Upload data from transceiver

3. Align data

4. Download data to transceiver

Alignment

PLL VCV (Varactor Control Voltage)

U Connect the DC voltmeter between TP1025 on the

Main Unit and ground.

U Set the transceiver to CH 4 via the “CH” box located

on the upper left corner on the “Alignment” window

previously.

U Adjust L1029 on the Main Unit for 3.8~4.0 V on the

DC voltmeter.

U Set the transceiver to CH 1 via the “CH” box located

on the upper left corner on the “Alignment” window

previously.

U Confirm that the voltage is more than 1.0 V.

U Set the transceiver to CH 4 via the “CH” box located

on the upper left corner on the “Alignment” window

previously.

U Key the transmitter, and adjust L1031 on the Main

Unit for 3.8~4.0 V on the DC voltmeter.

U Set the transceiver to CH 1 via the “CH” box located

on the upper left corner on the “Alignment” window

previously.

U Key the transmitter, and confirm that the voltage is more

than 0.9 V.

PLL Reference Frequency

U Set the transceiver to CH 2 via the “CH” box located

on the upper left corner on the “Alignment” window

previously.

U To adjustment, double-click the left mouse button on

the “

RF FrequencyRF Frequency

RF Frequency” box to open the pop-up window,

then move the slide bar to adjust the frequency counter

displays the 455.000 MHz ± 100 Hz.

Transmitter Output Power

High Power

U Set the transceiver to CH 2 via the “CH” box located

on the upper left corner on the “Alignment” window

previously.

U To adjustment, double-click the left mouse button on

the “

RF Power (High)RF Power (High)

RF Power (High)” box to open the pop-up win-

dow, then move the slide bar to adjust the 5.0 W ± 0.1

W. Confirm that the current consumption is 2.3 A or

lower.

U Press the “OK” box to lock in the new data.

L1031 TP1025L1029

Alignment

Low Power

U Set the transceiver to CH 1 via the “CH” box located

on the upper left corner on the “Alignment” window

previously.

U To adjustment, double-click the left mouse button on

the “

RF Power (Low)RF Power (Low)

RF Power (Low)” box to open the pop-up win-

dow, then move the slide bar to adjust the 1.0 W ± 0.1

W. Confirm that the current consumption is 1.0 A or

lower.

U Press the “OK” box to lock in the new data.

STD Deviation

U Inject a 1 kHz tone at –37 dBm to the MIC jack.

CLONE GND

CTCSS Deviation

U Set the transceiver to CH 3 via the “CH” box located

on the upper left corner on the “Alignment” window

previously.

U To adjustment, double-click the left mouse button on

the “

CTCSS VCO ModulationCTCSS VCO Modulation

CTCSS VCO Modulation” box to open the pop-up

window, then move the slide bar to adjust the ±1.0 kHz

(±0.1 kHz) deviation.

U Set the transceiver to CH 2 via the “CH” box located

on the upper left corner on the “Alignment” window

previously.

U To adjustment, double-click the left mouse button on

the “

CTCSS Ref. ModulationCTCSS Ref. Modulation

CTCSS Ref. Modulation” box to open the pop-up

window, then move the slide bar to adjust the ±0.7 kHz

(±0.1 kHz) deviation.

U Press the “OK” box to lock in the new data.

DCS Deviation

U Set the transceiver to CH 2 via the “CH” box located

on the upper left corner on the “Alignment” window

previously.

U To adjustment, double-click the left mouse button on

the “

DCS Ref. ModulationDCS Ref. Modulation

DCS Ref. Modulation” box to open the pop-up

window, then move the slide bar to adjust the ±0.75

kHz (±0.1 kHz) (for 25 kHz steps) deviation.

U Press the “OK” box to lock in the new data.

Sensitivity

U Set the transceiver to CH 4 via the “CH” box located

on the upper left corner on the “Alignment” window

previously.

U Tune the RF signal generator to the same frequency as

the transceiver’s, then set the generator output level to

40 dBµ with ±3.0 kHz deviation @ 1 kHz tone modu-

lation.

U To adjustment, double-click the left mouse button on

the “

RX SensitivityRX Sensitivity

RX Sensitivity” box to open the pop-up window,

then move the slide bar to adjust the best sensitivity;

ultimately, the radio should be aligned so that the RF

signal generator output level is –4 dBµ EMF or less

for 12 dB SINAD.

U Press the “OK” box to lock in the new data.

U To adjustment, double-click the left mouse button on

the “

MIC SensitivityMIC Sensitivity

MIC Sensitivity” box to open the pop-up window,

then move the slide bar to adjust the ±3.0 kHz (±0.1

kHz) (for 25 kHz steps) deviation.

U Press the “OK” box to lock in the new data.

MAX Deviation

U Set the transceiver to CH 2 via the “CH” box located

on the upper left corner on the “Alignment” window

previously.

U Inject a 1 kHz tone at –17 dBm to the MIC jack.

U To adjustment, double-click the left mouse button on

the “

MAX DeviationMAX Deviation

MAX Deviation” box to open the pop-up window,

then move the slide bar to adjust the ±4.2 kHz (±0.1

kHz) (for 25 kHz steps) or ±2.1 kHz (±0.1 kHz) (for

12.5 kHz steps) deviation.

U Press the “OK” box to lock in the new data.

:RX

( ) : TX

< > : Squelch Open

“ ” : Squelch Close

[ ] : TX High

{ } : TX Low

0V (4.54V)

Q1048

1 [4.93V] 6 [4.6V] 11 [4.08V]

2 [4.58V] 7 [1.51V] 12 [0.44V]

3 [3.74V] 8 [0.66V] 14 [1.75V]

4 [4.96V] 9 [1.08V]{1.26} 15 [0V]

5 [4.6V] 10 [4.96V] 16 [0.96V]

[ ] : Wide

{ } : Narrow

[5.01V]

{0V}

[3.71V]

{0V}

[3.15V]

{1.87V}

[5.0V]

{1.2V}

[5.0V]

{1.22V}

[3.71V]

{0V}

[3.14V]

{1.89V}

1.91V

0.73V

5.0V

1.28V

1.27V

5.00V

1.64V

1.65V

1.66V

1.31V

1.26V

5.00V (3.87V)

5.00V (4.54V)

<5.00V>

“5.00V”

5.00V

1.28V

2.3V

2.27V

<2.31V>“2.31V”

<2.79V>“2.79V”

1.65V

1.64V

(0V)

<1.65V>“1.65V”

(0V)

<1.67V>

“1.36V”

(4.98V)

<4.98V>

“1.15V”

<3.53V>

“0V”

<7.50V>“0V”

<0.5V>“0V”

7.5V

<6.74V>

“7.5V”

<0.72V>

“0V”

<0.13V>

“7.5V”

<7.5V>

“0V”

7.5V

5.16V5.0V

5.00V

0V (5.00V) 7.5V (7.45V)

(

5.00V

)

5.00V

(5.00V)

4.44V

(4.45V)

7.50V

(

6.79V

)

7.5V (7.45V)

6.91V

(

6.80

5.10V

(5.00V)

5.00V

(0V)

0V (5.00V)

5.00V (0V)

(5.09V)

5.00V (5.00V)

4.44V (4.45V)

(2.32V)

(2.28V)

(2.32V)

(2.33V)

(2.29V)

(2.32V)

(2.29V)

(2.26V)

5.0V

5.00V

(3.77V)

0.0V

(4.98V)

5.00V (5.00V)

4.97V

(5.00V)

4.29V

(4.32V)

5.00V

(5.00V)

(2.32V)

2.32V

(0V)

1.55V 3.68V

0.77V

2.91V

0.76V

1.17V

(2.97V)

3.91V (4.32V)

0V (2.87V)

4.20V

(3.47V)

2.37V

(0.08V)

2.11V

(1.84V)

2.36V

(1.46V)

5.00V(0V)

0V (3.63V)

7.50V

Light ON:4.96V, OFF: 5.00V

Light ON:4.28V

OFF: 4.61V

Light ON:0.11V

OFF: 4.14V

Light ON:3.00V

OFF: 0.0V

4.46V

1.80V

7.50V

2.25V

5.00V

4.33V

2.55V

2.51V

3.15V

5.00V

(0V)

(4.98V)

[1.51V]

{0.88V}

[2.01V]

{1.20V}

[6.75V]

{6.86V}

[7.34V]

{7.41V}

[5.00V]

{2.03V}

[7.29V]

{743V}

[2.52V]

{1.02V}

[2.63V]

{1.07V}

[1.99V]

{0.45V}

[5.00V]

{5.00V}

[2.06V]

{1.21V}

4.46V

3.02V

Circuit Diagram

MAIN Unit (Lot. 1~4)

Note:

MAIN Unit (Lot. 1~4)

Parts Layout

Side A

B D FA C E

MC2850 (A7)

(D1033)

12-22SURSYGC/S530-A2/TR8

(D1018)

FA1101F

(D1021, 1022)

RT1N441U (N3)

(Q1052)

2SC4154E (LE)

(Q1022, 1028,

1046, 1053)

2SA1602A (MF)

(Q1054, 1056)

2SK2035 (KP)

(Q1007)

NJM2902V

(Q1017, 1030)

CPH6102 (AB)

(Q1047)

DTC124TE (05)

(Q1032)

IMZ2 (Z2)

(Q1003)

LC75834W

(Q1033)

FMW1 (W1)

(Q1002)

NJM2070M

(Q1055)

NJM12903R

(Q1045)

MAIN Unit (Lot. 1~4)

NJM2871AF05 (82)

(Q1035)

Parts Layout

Side B

b d fa c e

RT1N441U (N3)

(Q1012, 1021,

1027, 1038,

1039, 1043,

1057)

TC4W66FU

(Q1063)

2SC4154E (LE)

(Q1005, 1026,

1029, 1064)

2SC5005 (73)

(Q1020, 1025)

2SC5006 (24)

(Q1013)

2SC4227 (R34)

(Q1040)

2SC4215Y (QY)

(Q1042)

M62364FP

(Q1004)

2SC3357-T2

(Q1014)

MB15A02PFV1

(Q1050)

RT1P441U (P3)

(Q1010, 1015)

2SA1602A (MF)

(Q1031, 1051)

S-29430AFE

(Q1008)

CPH6102 (AB)

(Q1016, 1023)

2SK2974

(Q1006)

DTB123EK (F12)

(Q1019)

FMW1 (W1)

(Q1018, 1024)

3SK320 (U7)

(Q1036)

S-80835CNMC

(Q1034)

TA31136FN

(Q1048)

M37516F8HP

(Q1011)

2SK2973 (K1)

(Q1009)

2SK508 (K52)

(Q1037)

DTC114EU (24)

(Q1044)

DTA114EU (14)

(Q1049)

DAN235E (M)

(D1016)

MC2850 (A7)

(D1009, 1028,

1034, 1035)

MAIN Unit (Lot. 1~4)

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Vertex VX-180EU User manual

Brand: Vertex

Model: VX-180EU

Category: Two-way radios

Type: User manual

This manual is also suitable for

VX-160EU

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Vertex VX-180EU User manual

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Vertex VX-180EU User manual

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