Installation manual
CNC 8040
(SOFT M: V11.1X)
(S
OFT T: V12.1X)
ii
CHAPTER 6 CONCEPTS
6.1 Axes and coordinate systems ............................................................................... 173
6.1.1 Rotary axes ....................................................................................................... 176
6.1.2 Gantry axes ....................................................................................................... 179
6.1.3 Slaved axes and synchronized axes ................................................................. 180
6.1.4 Incline axis......................................................................................................... 181
6.1.5 Tandem axes..................................................................................................... 183
6.2 Jog......................................................................................................................... 189
6.2.1 Relationship between the axes and the JOG keys ............................................ 189
6.2.2 Path-jog mode ................................................................................................... 190
6.3 Movement with an electronic handwheel.............................................................. 192
6.3.1 Standard handwheel.......................................................................................... 193
6.3.2 Path handwheel................................................................................................. 194
6.3.3 Feed handwheel mode ...................................................................................... 195
6.3.4 "Additive handwheel" mode............................................................................... 197
6.4 feedback system ................................................................................................... 199
6.4.1 Counting speed limitation .................................................................................. 200
6.4.2 Resolution.......................................................................................................... 201
6.5 Axis adjustment ..................................................................................................... 205
6.5.1 Drive setting....................................................................................................... 206
6.5.2 Gain setting ....................................................................................................... 207
6.5.3 Proportional gain setting.................................................................................... 208
6.5.4 Feed-forward gain setting .................................................................................. 209
6.5.5 Derivative (AC-forward) gain setting.................................................................. 210
6.5.6 Leadscrew backlash compensation................................................................... 211
6.5.7 Leadscrew error compensation ......................................................................... 212
6.5.8 Circle geometry test........................................................................................... 214
6.6 Reference systems................................................................................................ 216
6.6.1 Home search ..................................................................................................... 217
6.6.2 Setting on systems without distance-coded feedback....................................... 219
6.6.3 Setting on systems with distance-coded feedback ............................................ 221
6.6.4 Axis travel limits (software limits)....................................................................... 222
6.7 Unidirectional approach......................................................................................... 223
6.8 Auxiliary M, S, T function transfer......................................................................... 224
6.8.1 Transferring M, S, T using the AUXEND signal................................................. 227
6.8.2 Transferring the auxiliary (miscellaneous) M functions without the AUXEND signal.. 228
6.9 Main and second spindle....................................................................................... 229
6.9.1 Spindle types ..................................................................................................... 231
6.9.2 Spindle speed (S) control .................................................................................. 232
6.9.3 Spindle gear change.......................................................................................... 234
6.9.4 Spindle in closed loop........................................................................................ 236
6.10 Auxiliary spindle controlled by PLC ....................................................................... 241
6.11 Treatment of emergency signals ........................................................................... 242
6.12 Digital servo (CAN or Sercos) ............................................................................... 245
6.12.1 Communications channel .................................................................................. 245
6.12.2 Drive’s absolute feedback ................................................................................. 249
6.13 Axes (2) controlled by a single drive..................................................................... 250
6.14 Additive coupling between axes ............................................................................ 253
6.15 Fagor handwheels: HBA, HBE and LGB.............................................................. 255
6.16 Machine safety related functions........................................................................... 259
6.16.1 Maximum machining spindle speed .................................................................. 259
6.16.2 Cycle start disabled when hardware errors occur. ............................................ 261
6.17 Configuring a CNC as two and a half axes............................................................ 262
6.17.1 Machine parameter setting ................................................................................ 263
6.17.2 PLC program ..................................................................................................... 264
6.18 Tool change via PLC ............................................................................................. 266
CHAPTER 7 INTRODUCTION TO THE PLC
7.1 PLC Resources ..................................................................................................... 268
7.2 PLC program execution......................................................................................... 269
7.3 Cycle time.............................................................................................................. 272
7.4 Modular structure of the program ......................................................................... 273
7.4.1 First cycle module (CY1) ................................................................................... 273
7.4.2 Main module (PRG)........................................................................................... 273
7.4.3 Periodic execution module (PE t) ...................................................................... 274
7.4.4 Priority of execution of the PLC modules .......................................................... 275
CHAPTER 8 PLC RESOURCES
8.1 Inputs..................................................................................................................... 277
8.2 Outputs.................................................................................................................. 277
8.3 Marks..................................................................................................................... 278
8.4 Registers ............................................................................................................... 280