Dell Configuration Guide for the S4820T
System
9.10(0.0)
Notes, cautions, and warnings
NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your computer.
CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the
problem.
WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.
© 2016 Dell Inc. All rights reserved. This product is protected by U.S. and international copyright and intellectual property laws. Dell and the
Dell logo are trademarks of Dell Inc. in the United States and/or other jurisdictions. All other marks and names mentioned herein may be
trademarks of their respective companies.
2016 - 04
Rev. A00
Contents
1 About this Guide.................................................................................................................................................... 32
Audience.....................................................................................................................................................................32
Conventions.............................................................................................................................................................. 32
Related Documents................................................................................................................................................. 32
2 Configuration Fundamentals.............................................................................................................................. 33
Accessing the Command Line...............................................................................................................................33
CLI Modes.................................................................................................................................................................. 33
Navigating CLI Modes........................................................................................................................................35
The do Command.................................................................................................................................................... 37
Undoing Commands............................................................................................................................................... 38
Obtaining Help..........................................................................................................................................................39
Entering and Editing Commands..........................................................................................................................39
Command History....................................................................................................................................................40
Filtering show Command Outputs.......................................................................................................................40
Example of the grep Keyword......................................................................................................................... 40
Multiple Users in Configuration Mode................................................................................................................. 41
3 Getting Started...................................................................................................................................................... 42
Console Access.........................................................................................................................................................43
Serial Console......................................................................................................................................................43
Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH..........................................................................44
Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection...................................................................................44
Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection............................................................................. 44
Default Configuration..............................................................................................................................................45
Configuring a Host Name.......................................................................................................................................45
Accessing the System Remotely........................................................................................................................... 45
Accessing the System Remotely..................................................................................................................... 45
Configure the Management Port IP Address................................................................................................46
Configure a Management Route.....................................................................................................................46
Configuring a Username and Password........................................................................................................46
Configuring the Enable Password.........................................................................................................................47
Configuration File Management............................................................................................................................47
Copy Files to and from the System.................................................................................................................47
Mounting an NFS File System.......................................................................................................................... 48
Save the Running-Configuration.................................................................................................................... 50
Configure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario..................................................................................... 50
Viewing Files........................................................................................................................................................ 50
Managing the File System....................................................................................................................................... 51
Enabling Software Features on Devices Using a Command Option.............................................................52
View Command History..........................................................................................................................................52
Upgrading Dell Networking OS............................................................................................................................. 53
Using HTTP for File Transfers.................................................................................................................................53
Contents
3
Verify Software Images Before Installation......................................................................................................... 53
4 Management.......................................................................................................................................................... 55
Configuring Privilege Levels...................................................................................................................................55
Creating a Custom Privilege Level.................................................................................................................. 55
Removing a Command from EXEC Mode.................................................................................................... 56
Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode............................................................. 56
Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands........................................................................ 56
Allowing Access to Different Modes.............................................................................................................. 56
Applying a Privilege Level to a Username..................................................................................................... 58
Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line............................................................................................... 58
Configuring Logging................................................................................................................................................58
Audit and Security Logs.....................................................................................................................................59
Configuring Logging Format ......................................................................................................................... 60
Display the Logging Buffer and the Logging Configuration......................................................................61
Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server...................................................................................62
Log Messages in the Internal Buffer..................................................................................................................... 63
Configuration Task List for System Log Management............................................................................... 63
Disabling System Logging...................................................................................................................................... 63
Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server....................................................................................................63
Configuring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server............................................................................................64
Track Login Activity..................................................................................................................................................64
Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity......................................................................................................... 64
Configuring Login Activity Tracking............................................................................................................... 64
Display Login Statistics...................................................................................................................................... 65
Limit Concurrent Login Sessions.......................................................................................................................... 66
Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions.................................................................66
Configuring Concurrent Session Limit.......................................................................................................... 66
Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions........................................................................................... 67
Changing System Logging Settings......................................................................................................................68
Display the Logging Buffer and the Logging Configuration........................................................................... 68
Configuring a UNIX Logging Facility Level......................................................................................................... 69
Synchronizing Log Messages.................................................................................................................................70
Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages.......................................................................................................... 70
File Transfer Services................................................................................................................................................71
Configuration Task List for File Transfer Services........................................................................................ 71
Enabling the FTP Server..................................................................................................................................... 71
Configuring FTP Server Parameters................................................................................................................72
Configuring FTP Client Parameters................................................................................................................ 72
Terminal Lines........................................................................................................................................................... 73
Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line.....................................................................................73
Configuring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines................................................................................ 74
Setting Timeout for EXEC Privilege Mode...........................................................................................................75
Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device............................................................................................... 75
Lock CONFIGURATION Mode...............................................................................................................................76
Viewing the Configuration Lock Status..........................................................................................................76
Recovering from a Forgotten Password..............................................................................................................76
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Recovering from a Forgotten Enable Password...........................................................................................77
Recovering from a Failed Start.............................................................................................................................. 78
Restoring the Factory Default Settings................................................................................................................ 78
Important Points to Remember.......................................................................................................................79
Restoring Factory Default Environment Variables.......................................................................................79
5 802.1X...................................................................................................................................................................... 81
Port-Authentication Process................................................................................................................................. 83
EAP over RADIUS................................................................................................................................................84
Configuring 802.1X.................................................................................................................................................. 85
Related Configuration Tasks............................................................................................................................ 85
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................ 85
Enabling 802.1X........................................................................................................................................................ 86
Configuring MAC addresses for a do1x Profile.................................................................................................. 87
Configuring Request Identity Re-Transmissions...............................................................................................88
Configuring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication......................................................................... 88
Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port.................................................................................................... 89
Re-Authenticating a Port........................................................................................................................................90
Configuring Timeouts..............................................................................................................................................91
Configuring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication...............................................................92
Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs..................................................................................................................93
Configuring a Guest VLAN................................................................................................................................93
Configuring an Authentication-Fail VLAN.....................................................................................................93
Configuring dot1x Profile ...................................................................................................................................... 94
Configuring the Static MAB and MAB Profile .................................................................................................... 95
Configuring Critical VLAN ......................................................................................................................................95
6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM).................................97
Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs....................................................... 97
Guidelines for Configuring ACL VLAN Groups.................................................................................................. 98
Configuring ACL VLAN Groups and Configuring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters....................................98
Configuring ACL VLAN Groups....................................................................................................................... 98
Configuring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters................................................................................................99
Viewing CAM Usage.............................................................................................................................................. 100
Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes..........................................................................................................101
7 Access Control Lists (ACLs)............................................................................................................................... 103
IP Access Control Lists (ACLs)............................................................................................................................. 104
CAM Usage.........................................................................................................................................................105
Implementing ACLs on Dell Networking OS.............................................................................................. 105
IP Fragment Handling............................................................................................................................................107
IP Fragments ACL Examples...........................................................................................................................107
Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples.......................................................................................................................... 107
Configure a Standard IP ACL............................................................................................................................... 108
Configuring a Standard IP ACL Filter............................................................................................................109
Configure an Extended IP ACL............................................................................................................................ 110
Configuring Filters with a Sequence Number.............................................................................................110
Contents
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Configuring Filters Without a Sequence Number...................................................................................... 111
Configure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs...................................................................................................................112
Assign an IP ACL to an Interface..........................................................................................................................112
Applying an IP ACL..................................................................................................................................................113
Counting ACL Hits............................................................................................................................................ 113
Configure Ingress ACLs......................................................................................................................................... 114
Configure Egress ACLs.......................................................................................................................................... 114
Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane)........................................................................................... 115
IP Prefix Lists............................................................................................................................................................ 115
Implementation Information.......................................................................................................................... 116
Configuration Task List for Prefix Lists......................................................................................................... 116
ACL Resequencing.................................................................................................................................................120
Resequencing an ACL or Prefix List..............................................................................................................120
Route Maps...............................................................................................................................................................121
Implementation Information.......................................................................................................................... 121
Important Points to Remember...........................................................................................................................122
Configuration Task List for Route Maps.......................................................................................................122
Configuring Match Routes..............................................................................................................................124
Configuring Set Conditions............................................................................................................................ 125
Configure a Route Map for Route Redistribution......................................................................................126
Configure a Route Map for Route Tagging................................................................................................. 127
Continue Clause................................................................................................................................................127
Logging of ACL Processes.................................................................................................................................... 127
Guidelines for Configuring ACL Logging.....................................................................................................128
Configuring ACL Logging............................................................................................................................... 129
Flow-Based Monitoring Support for ACLs........................................................................................................ 129
Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring.............................................................................................................130
Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring.................................................................................................................. 131
8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD)..................................................................................................... 133
How BFD Works......................................................................................................................................................133
BFD Packet Format...........................................................................................................................................134
BFD Sessions......................................................................................................................................................135
BFD Three-Way Handshake........................................................................................................................... 136
Session State Changes.....................................................................................................................................138
Important Points to Remember.......................................................................................................................... 138
Configure BFD.........................................................................................................................................................138
Configure BFD for Physical Ports..................................................................................................................139
Configure BFD for Static Routes................................................................................................................... 142
Configure BFD for OSPF................................................................................................................................. 144
Configure BFD for OSPFv3............................................................................................................................. 146
Configure BFD for IS-IS...................................................................................................................................148
Configure BFD for BGP................................................................................................................................... 150
Configure BFD for VRRP..................................................................................................................................157
Configuring Protocol Liveness.......................................................................................................................159
Troubleshooting BFD.......................................................................................................................................159
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9 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4)..........................................................................................................161
Autonomous Systems (AS)....................................................................................................................................161
Sessions and Peers................................................................................................................................................. 163
Establish a Session............................................................................................................................................164
Route Reflectors.....................................................................................................................................................164
BGP Attributes......................................................................................................................................................... 165
Best Path Selection Criteria............................................................................................................................166
Weight.................................................................................................................................................................168
Local Preference...............................................................................................................................................168
Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)...................................................................................................................168
Origin...................................................................................................................................................................169
AS Path................................................................................................................................................................ 170
Next Hop.............................................................................................................................................................170
Multiprotocol BGP..................................................................................................................................................170
Implement BGP with Dell Networking OS.........................................................................................................171
Additional Path (Add-Path) Support.............................................................................................................. 171
Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes................................................................................171
Ignore Router-ID in Best-Path Calculation.................................................................................................172
Four-Byte AS Numbers....................................................................................................................................172
AS4 Number Representation..........................................................................................................................172
AS Number Migration.......................................................................................................................................174
BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)............................................................................................... 176
Important Points to Remember.....................................................................................................................176
Configuration Information....................................................................................................................................177
BGP Configuration..................................................................................................................................................177
Enabling BGP..................................................................................................................................................... 178
Configuring AS4 Number Representations................................................................................................. 181
Configuring Peer Groups................................................................................................................................182
Configuring BGP Fast Fall-Over.................................................................................................................... 185
Configuring Passive Peering...........................................................................................................................186
Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration...................................................................... 187
Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path............................................................................ 188
Enabling Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................... 189
Enabling Neighbor Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................190
Filtering on an AS-Path Attribute.................................................................................................................. 190
Regular Expressions as Filters.........................................................................................................................191
Redistributing Routes.......................................................................................................................................193
Enabling Additional Paths............................................................................................................................... 193
Configuring IP Community Lists................................................................................................................... 194
Configuring an IP Extended Community List............................................................................................. 195
Filtering Routes with Community Lists........................................................................................................ 196
Manipulating the COMMUNITY Attribute....................................................................................................196
Changing MED Attributes............................................................................................................................... 198
Changing the LOCAL_PREFERENCE Attribute...........................................................................................198
Configuring the local System or a Different System to be the Next Hop for BGP-Learned
Routes................................................................................................................................................................. 199
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Changing the WEIGHT Attribute................................................................................................................... 199
Enabling Multipath...........................................................................................................................................200
Filtering BGP Routes........................................................................................................................................200
Filtering BGP Routes Using Route Maps......................................................................................................201
Filtering BGP Routes Using AS-PATH Information................................................................................... 202
Configuring BGP Route Reflectors...............................................................................................................203
Aggregating Routes......................................................................................................................................... 203
Configuring BGP Confederations.................................................................................................................204
Enabling Route Flap Dampening.................................................................................................................. 204
Changing BGP Timers.....................................................................................................................................206
Enabling BGP Neighbor Soft-Reconfiguration.......................................................................................... 207
Route Map Continue....................................................................................................................................... 208
Enabling MBGP Configurations.......................................................................................................................... 208
BGP Regular Expression Optimization.............................................................................................................. 209
Debugging BGP......................................................................................................................................................209
Storing Last and Bad PDUs.............................................................................................................................210
Capturing PDUs................................................................................................................................................. 211
PDU Counters....................................................................................................................................................212
Sample Configurations..........................................................................................................................................212
10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM)............................................................................................................218
CAM Allocation....................................................................................................................................................... 218
Test CAM Usage..................................................................................................................................................... 220
View CAM Profiles..................................................................................................................................................220
View CAM-ACL Settings........................................................................................................................................221
View CAM Usage.................................................................................................................................................... 222
CAM Optimization..................................................................................................................................................223
Troubleshoot CAM Profiling................................................................................................................................ 223
QoS CAM Region Limitation.......................................................................................................................... 223
11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP)........................................................................................................................224
Configure Control Plane Policing.......................................................................................................................226
Configuring CoPP for Protocols................................................................................................................... 226
Configuring CoPP for CPU Queues............................................................................................................. 228
CoPP for OSPFv3 Packets.............................................................................................................................. 229
Configuring CoPP for OSPFv3.......................................................................................................................232
Displaying CoPP Configuration ....................................................................................................................233
12 Data Center Bridging (DCB)............................................................................................................................ 235
Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging...........................................................................................235
Priority-Based Flow Control.......................................................................................................................... 236
Enhanced Transmission Selection................................................................................................................ 237
Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx).....................................................................................238
Data Center Bridging in a Traffic Flow.........................................................................................................239
Enabling Data Center Bridging............................................................................................................................239
DCB Maps and its Attributes.......................................................................................................................... 240
Data Center Bridging: Default Configuration...................................................................................................241
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Configuring Priority-Based Flow Control..........................................................................................................241
Configuring Lossless Queues........................................................................................................................ 242
Configuring PFC in a DCB Map...........................................................................................................................243
PFC Configuration Notes................................................................................................................................243
PFC Prerequisites and Restrictions...............................................................................................................244
Applying a DCB Map on a Port............................................................................................................................244
Configuring PFC without a DCB Map................................................................................................................245
Configuring Lossless QueuesExample:....................................................................................................... 245
Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buffer Method........................................................................247
Pause and Resume of Traffic......................................................................................................................... 247
Buffer Sizes for Lossless or PFC Packets..................................................................................................... 247
Behavior of Tagged Packets................................................................................................................................ 248
Configuration Example for DSCP and PFC Priorities..................................................................................... 248
Using PFC to Manage Converged Ethernet Traffic.........................................................................................249
Configure Enhanced Transmission Selection..................................................................................................249
ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions............................................................................................................... 249
Creating an ETS Priority Group..................................................................................................................... 250
ETS Operation with DCBx...............................................................................................................................251
Configuring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN......................................................................................251
Configuring ETS in a DCB Map......................................................................................................................252
Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies.............................................................................................. 253
Using ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Traffic......................................................................................... 254
Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack...........................................................................................................254
Configure a DCBx Operation.............................................................................................................................. 254
DCBx Operation................................................................................................................................................255
DCBx Port Roles............................................................................................................................................... 255
DCB Configuration Exchange....................................................................................................................... 256
Configuration Source Election...................................................................................................................... 257
Propagation of DCB Information.................................................................................................................. 257
Auto-Detection and Manual Configuration of the DCBx Version......................................................... 257
DCBx Example.................................................................................................................................................. 258
DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions............................................................................................................258
Configuring DCBx............................................................................................................................................ 259
Verifying the DCB Configuration........................................................................................................................ 262
Sample DCB Configuration..................................................................................................................................270
PFC and ETS Configuration Command Examples.................................................................................... 272
QoS dot1p Traffic Classification and Queue Assignment..............................................................................272
Configuring the Dynamic Buffer Method..........................................................................................................273
13 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)...........................................................................................275
DHCP Packet Format and Options.....................................................................................................................275
Assign an IP Address using DHCP.......................................................................................................................277
Implementation Information............................................................................................................................... 278
Configure the System to be a DHCP Server.....................................................................................................278
Configuring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation...................................................................... 279
Specifying a Default Gateway........................................................................................................................280
Configure a Method of Hostname Resolution...........................................................................................281
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9
Using DNS for Address Resolution................................................................................................................281
Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution.............................................................................................281
Creating Manual Binding Entries................................................................................................................... 281
Debugging the DHCP Server......................................................................................................................... 282
Using DHCP Clear Commands..................................................................................................................... 282
Configure the System to be a Relay Agent.......................................................................................................282
Configure the System to be a DHCP Client.....................................................................................................284
DHCP Client Operation with Other Features.............................................................................................284
DHCP Client on a Management Interface.................................................................................................. 285
Configure the System for User Port Stacking (Option 230)......................................................................... 286
Configure Secure DHCP.......................................................................................................................................286
Option 82...........................................................................................................................................................286
DHCP Snooping................................................................................................................................................287
Configuring the DHCP secondary-subnet................................................................................................. 290
Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only..........................................................................................290
Dynamic ARP Inspection.................................................................................................................................291
Configuring Dynamic ARP Inspection......................................................................................................... 292
Source Address Validation....................................................................................................................................293
Enabling IP Source Address Validation........................................................................................................ 293
DHCP MAC Source Address Validation....................................................................................................... 294
Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation............................................................................................ 294
Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets..........................................................................................295
Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets......................................................................................... 295
14 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)........................................................................................................................296
ECMP for Flow-Based Affinity............................................................................................................................. 296
Configuring the Hash Algorithm...................................................................................................................296
Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop.....................................................................................................296
Configuring the Hash Algorithm Seed.........................................................................................................297
Link Bundle Monitoring.........................................................................................................................................297
Managing ECMP Group Paths....................................................................................................................... 298
Creating an ECMP Group Bundle.................................................................................................................298
Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold....................................................................................................... 298
RTAG7.......................................................................................................................................................................299
Flow-based Hashing for ECMP...........................................................................................................................300
15 FIP Snooping......................................................................................................................................................303
Fibre Channel over Ethernet................................................................................................................................303
Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network..................................................................................303
FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges..................................................................................................................... 305
FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack........................................................................................................................... 307
Using FIP Snooping................................................................................................................................................307
FIP Snooping Prerequisites.............................................................................................................................307
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................... 307
Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature............................................................................................................... 308
Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs.................................................................................................................... 308
Configure the FC-MAP Value........................................................................................................................ 309
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Configure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link............................................................................................ 309
Configure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link.................................................................................................309
Impact on Other Software Features.............................................................................................................309
FIP Snooping Restrictions...............................................................................................................................310
Configuring FIP Snooping...............................................................................................................................310
Displaying FIP Snooping Information................................................................................................................. 311
FCoE Transit Configuration Example................................................................................................................. 316
16 FIPS Cryptography............................................................................................................................................ 318
Configuration Tasks............................................................................................................................................... 318
Preparing the System.............................................................................................................................................318
Enabling FIPS Mode............................................................................................................................................... 319
Generating Host-Keys........................................................................................................................................... 319
Monitoring FIPS Mode Status...............................................................................................................................319
Disabling FIPS Mode..............................................................................................................................................320
17 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)........................................................................................................ 321
Protocol Overview..................................................................................................................................................321
Ring Status......................................................................................................................................................... 322
Multiple FRRP Rings......................................................................................................................................... 322
Important FRRP Points.................................................................................................................................... 323
Important FRRP Concepts..............................................................................................................................324
Implementing FRRP............................................................................................................................................... 325
FRRP Configuration............................................................................................................................................... 325
Creating the FRRP Group............................................................................................................................... 325
Configuring the Control VLAN...................................................................................................................... 326
Configuring and Adding the Member VLANs............................................................................................. 327
Setting the FRRP Timers..................................................................................................................................328
Clearing the FRRP Counters.......................................................................................................................... 328
Viewing the FRRP Configuration...................................................................................................................328
Viewing the FRRP Information...................................................................................................................... 328
Troubleshooting FRRP.......................................................................................................................................... 329
Configuration Checks..................................................................................................................................... 329
Sample Configuration and Topology................................................................................................................ 329
18 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)................................................................................................... 331
Important Points to Remember...........................................................................................................................331
Configure GVRP......................................................................................................................................................332
Related Configuration Tasks.......................................................................................................................... 332
Enabling GVRP Globally........................................................................................................................................333
Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface............................................................................................................... 333
Configure GVRP Registration.............................................................................................................................. 333
Configure a GARP Timer...................................................................................................................................... 334
RPM Redundancy...................................................................................................................................................334
19 High Availability (HA)........................................................................................................................................336
Component Redundancy.....................................................................................................................................336
Contents
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RPM Redundancy............................................................................................................................................. 336
Automatic and Manual Stack Unit Failover.................................................................................................338
Support for RPM Redundancy by Dell Networking OS Version.............................................................339
Synchronization between Management and Standby Units...................................................................339
Configuring RPM Redundancy...................................................................................................................... 339
Online Insertion and Removal.............................................................................................................................340
RPM Online Insertion and Removal..............................................................................................................341
Linecard Online Insertion and Removal...................................................................................................... 341
Hitless Behavior...................................................................................................................................................... 342
Graceful Restart......................................................................................................................................................343
Software Resiliency................................................................................................................................................343
Software Component Health Monitoring................................................................................................... 343
System Health Monitoring..............................................................................................................................343
Failure and Event Logging.............................................................................................................................. 343
Hot-Lock Behavior................................................................................................................................................ 344
Process Restartability............................................................................................................................................ 344
Enabling Process Restartability......................................................................................................................345
20 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)........................................................................................... 346
IGMP Implementation Information....................................................................................................................346
IGMP Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................346
IGMP Version 2................................................................................................................................................. 346
IGMP Version 3................................................................................................................................................. 348
Configure IGMP......................................................................................................................................................350
Related Configuration Tasks...........................................................................................................................351
Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces....................................................................................................................... 351
Selecting an IGMP Version....................................................................................................................................351
Viewing IGMP Groups........................................................................................................................................... 352
Adjusting Timers..................................................................................................................................................... 352
Adjusting Query and Response Timers........................................................................................................352
Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave....................................................................................................................... 353
IGMP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................................353
IGMP Snooping Implementation Information............................................................................................353
Configuring IGMP Snooping..........................................................................................................................353
Removing a Group-Port Association........................................................................................................... 354
Disabling Multicast Flooding..........................................................................................................................354
Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router.............................................................................355
Configuring the Switch as Querier............................................................................................................... 355
Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes.........................................................................................356
Egress Interface Selection (EIS) for HTTP and IGMP Applications...............................................................356
Protocol Separation.........................................................................................................................................356
Enabling and Disabling Management Egress Interface Selection..........................................................357
Handling of Management Route Configuration........................................................................................358
Handling of Switch-Initiated Traffic............................................................................................................. 359
Handling of Switch-Destined Traffic............................................................................................................359
Handling of Transit Traffic (Traffic Separation)..........................................................................................360
Mapping of Management Applications and Traffic Type.........................................................................360
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Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Initiated Traffic ................................................................ 361
Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Destined Traffic .............................................................. 362
Interworking of EIS With Various Applications...........................................................................................363
Designating a Multicast Router Interface..........................................................................................................363
21 Interfaces............................................................................................................................................................ 365
Basic Interface Configuration..............................................................................................................................365
Advanced Interface Configuration..................................................................................................................... 365
Interface Types....................................................................................................................................................... 366
View Basic Interface Information....................................................................................................................... 366
Resetting an Interface to its Factory Default State......................................................................................... 368
Enabling Energy Efficient Ethernet.....................................................................................................................369
View EEE Information............................................................................................................................................369
Clear EEE Counters................................................................................................................................................373
Enabling a Physical Interface............................................................................................................................... 374
Physical Interfaces..................................................................................................................................................374
Configuration Task List for Physical Interfaces..........................................................................................374
Overview of Layer Modes............................................................................................................................... 375
Configuring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode......................................................................................................... 375
Configuring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode..........................................................................................................376
Configuring Layer 3 (Network) Mode...........................................................................................................376
Configuring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode..........................................................................................................376
Egress Interface Selection (EIS)........................................................................................................................... 377
Important Points to Remember.....................................................................................................................377
Configuring EIS..................................................................................................................................................377
Management Interfaces........................................................................................................................................378
Configuring Management Interfaces........................................................................................................... 378
Configuring a Management Interface on an Ethernet Port.....................................................................379
VLAN Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................380
Loopback Interfaces.............................................................................................................................................. 381
Null Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................... 381
Port Channel Interfaces........................................................................................................................................ 381
Port Channel Definition and Standards.......................................................................................................382
Port Channel Benefits..................................................................................................................................... 382
Port Channel Implementation.......................................................................................................................382
Interfaces in Port Channels............................................................................................................................383
Configuration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces......................................................................................383
Creating a Port Channel................................................................................................................................. 383
Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.......................................................................................... 384
Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel......................................................................................385
Configuring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel..................................................................386
Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN...................................................................................386
Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel.................................................................................................387
Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel.......................................................................................................... 388
Load Balancing Through Port Channels..................................................................................................... 388
Changing the Hash Algorithm.......................................................................................................................388
Bulk Configuration.................................................................................................................................................389
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Interface Range................................................................................................................................................ 389
Bulk Configuration Examples........................................................................................................................ 390
Defining Interface Range Macros........................................................................................................................391
Define the Interface Range.............................................................................................................................391
Choosing an Interface-Range Macro...........................................................................................................391
Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces............................................................................................................. 392
Maintenance Using TDR................................................................................................................................. 393
Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports.....................................................................................................................393
Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port..........................................................................394
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................... 394
Example Scenarios........................................................................................................................................... 395
Configuring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics.................................................................................... 398
Link Dampening..................................................................................................................................................... 398
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................... 399
Enabling Link Dampening...............................................................................................................................399
Link Bundle Monitoring........................................................................................................................................ 400
Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control.............................................................................................. 401
Enabling Pause Frames................................................................................................................................... 402
Configure the MTU Size on an Interface.......................................................................................................... 402
Port-Pipes................................................................................................................................................................403
Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces.........................................................................................................403
Setting the Speed and Duplex Mode of Ethernet Interfaces.................................................................. 403
Set Auto-Negotiation Options...................................................................................................................... 405
View Advanced Interface Information...............................................................................................................406
Configuring the Interface Sampling Size.................................................................................................... 406
Dynamic Counters.................................................................................................................................................407
Clearing Interface Counters...........................................................................................................................407
Compressing Configuration Files.......................................................................................................................408
22 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)................................................................................................................. 412
Configuring IPSec ..................................................................................................................................................412
23 IPv4 Routing...................................................................................................................................................... 414
IP Addresses.............................................................................................................................................................415
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................415
Configuration Tasks for IP Addresses.................................................................................................................415
Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface.............................................................................................................. 415
Configuring Static Routes.....................................................................................................................................416
Configure Static Routes for the Management Interface................................................................................417
IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview...................................................................................................................418
Using the Configured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages........................................................................418
Configuring the ICMP Source Interface...................................................................................................... 418
Configuring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection............................................................................ 419
Enabling Directed Broadcast............................................................................................................................... 419
Resolution of Host Names................................................................................................................................... 419
Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names................................................................................................ 420
Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains....................................................................... 420
9.10(0.0)
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Configuring DNS with Traceroute...................................................................................................................... 421
ARP............................................................................................................................................................................ 421
Configuration Tasks for ARP................................................................................................................................422
Configuring Static ARP Entries............................................................................................................................ 422
Enabling Proxy ARP................................................................................................................................................422
Clearing ARP Cache...............................................................................................................................................423
ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP........................................................................................................................423
Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP.......................................................................................................423
ARP Learning via ARP Request............................................................................................................................ 424
Configuring ARP Retries....................................................................................................................................... 424
ICMP..........................................................................................................................................................................425
Configuration Tasks for ICMP............................................................................................................................. 425
Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages............................................................................................................. 425
UDP Helper..............................................................................................................................................................426
Configure UDP Helper.................................................................................................................................... 426
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................... 426
Enabling UDP Helper.............................................................................................................................................426
Configuring a Broadcast Address....................................................................................................................... 426
Configurations Using UDP Helper......................................................................................................................427
UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses....................................................................................................... 427
UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses............................................................................................... 428
UDP Helper with Configured Broadcast Addresses....................................................................................... 428
UDP Helper with No Configured Broadcast Addresses.................................................................................429
Troubleshooting UDP Helper..............................................................................................................................429
24 IPv6 Routing......................................................................................................................................................430
Protocol Overview.................................................................................................................................................430
Extended Address Space.................................................................................................................................431
Stateless Autoconfiguration........................................................................................................................... 431
IPv6 Headers......................................................................................................................................................431
IPv6 Header Fields............................................................................................................................................432
Extension Header Fields..................................................................................................................................434
Addressing..........................................................................................................................................................435
Implementing IPv6 with Dell Networking OS..................................................................................................436
ICMPv6..................................................................................................................................................................... 437
Path MTU Discovery..............................................................................................................................................438
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery......................................................................................................................................438
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets..................................................................................................439
Configuration Task List for IPv6 RDNSS............................................................................................................439
Configuring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server...............................................................................................439
Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host ...........................................................................440
Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information............................................................................................................ 440
Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport.......................................................................................................441
Configuration Tasks for IPv6................................................................................................................................441
Adjusting Your CAM-Profile........................................................................................................................... 441
Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface..................................................................................................442
Assigning a Static IPv6 Route.........................................................................................................................443
Contents
15
Configuring Telnet with IPv6.........................................................................................................................443
SNMP over IPv6................................................................................................................................................ 443
Displaying IPv6 Information...........................................................................................................................444
Displaying an IPv6 Interface Information....................................................................................................444
Showing IPv6 Routes.......................................................................................................................................445
Showing the Running-Configuration for an Interface.............................................................................446
Clearing IPv6 Routes....................................................................................................................................... 447
Configuring IPv6 RA Guard..................................................................................................................................447
Configuring IPv6 RA Guard on an Interface...............................................................................................449
Monitoring IPv6 RA Guard..............................................................................................................................449
25 iSCSI Optimization........................................................................................................................................... 450
iSCSI Optimization Overview.............................................................................................................................. 450
Monitoring iSCSI Traffic Flows.......................................................................................................................451
Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Traffic Flows...........................................................................452
Information Monitored in iSCSI Traffic Flows............................................................................................ 452
Detection and Auto-Configuration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays..............................................................453
Configuring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays................................................................453
Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer.................................................... 454
Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization.......................................................................................................454
Default iSCSI Optimization Values......................................................................................................................455
iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites........................................................................................................................ 455
Configuring iSCSI Optimization..........................................................................................................................455
Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information...................................................................................................... 457
26 Intermediate System to Intermediate System.............................................................................................459
IS-IS Protocol Overview....................................................................................................................................... 459
IS-IS Addressing......................................................................................................................................................459
Multi-Topology IS-IS.............................................................................................................................................460
Transition Mode............................................................................................................................................... 460
Interface Support..............................................................................................................................................461
Adjacencies........................................................................................................................................................461
Graceful Restart...................................................................................................................................................... 461
Timers................................................................................................................................................................. 461
Implementation Information............................................................................................................................... 462
Configuration Information...................................................................................................................................462
Configuration Tasks for IS-IS.........................................................................................................................463
Configuring the Distance of a Route........................................................................................................... 470
Changing the IS-Type......................................................................................................................................471
Redistributing IPv4 Routes..............................................................................................................................473
Redistributing IPv6 Routes............................................................................................................................. 474
Configuring Authentication Passwords....................................................................................................... 475
Setting the Overload Bit..................................................................................................................................475
Debugging IS-IS................................................................................................................................................476
IS-IS Metric Styles...................................................................................................................................................477
Configure Metric Values........................................................................................................................................477
Maximum Values in the Routing Table........................................................................................................ 477
9.10(0.0)
16
Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only...................................................................................... 477
Leaks from One Level to Another.................................................................................................................479
Sample Configurations.........................................................................................................................................480
27 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)..................................................................................................482
Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP........................................................................................................ 482
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................... 482
LACP Modes...................................................................................................................................................... 483
Configuring LACP Commands......................................................................................................................483
LACP Configuration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 484
Creating a LAG..................................................................................................................................................484
Configuring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic..............................................................................................484
Setting the LACP Long Timeout....................................................................................................................485
Monitoring and Debugging LACP.................................................................................................................485
Shared LAG State Tracking.................................................................................................................................. 486
Configuring Shared LAG State Tracking......................................................................................................486
Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking................................................................................. 487
LACP Basic Configuration Example................................................................................................................... 488
Configure a LAG on ALPHA........................................................................................................................... 488
28 Layer 2.................................................................................................................................................................497
Manage the MAC Address Table.........................................................................................................................497
Clearing the MAC Address Table.................................................................................................................. 497
Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries.............................................................................................. 497
Configuring a Static MAC Address............................................................................................................... 498
Displaying the MAC Address Table...............................................................................................................498
MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................................... 498
Setting the MAC Learning Limit.................................................................................................................... 499
mac learning-limit Dynamic..........................................................................................................................499
mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky......................................................................................................499
mac learning-limit station-move................................................................................................................. 500
mac learning-limit no-station-move...........................................................................................................500
Learning Limit Violation Actions................................................................................................................... 500
Setting Station Move Violation Actions........................................................................................................501
Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations................................................................501
Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System.......................................................................................502
NIC Teaming........................................................................................................................................................... 502
Configure Redundant Pairs..................................................................................................................................503
Important Points about Configuring Redundant Pairs.............................................................................505
Far-End Failure Detection....................................................................................................................................506
FEFD State Changes.........................................................................................................................................507
Configuring FEFD.............................................................................................................................................508
Enabling FEFD on an Interface......................................................................................................................508
Debugging FEFD...............................................................................................................................................509
29 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)........................................................................................................... 511
802.1AB (LLDP) Overview......................................................................................................................................511
Contents
17
Protocol Data Units.......................................................................................................................................... 511
Optional TLVs.......................................................................................................................................................... 512
Management TLVs............................................................................................................................................513
TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview.........................................................................................................................514
TIA Organizationally Specific TLVs................................................................................................................515
Configure LLDP.......................................................................................................................................................518
Related Configuration Tasks.......................................................................................................................... 519
Important Points to Remember.....................................................................................................................519
LLDP Compatibility...........................................................................................................................................519
CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Configurations...................................................................................519
Enabling LLDP.........................................................................................................................................................520
Disabling and Undoing LLDP.........................................................................................................................520
Advertising TLVs..................................................................................................................................................... 520
Viewing the LLDP Configuration.........................................................................................................................521
Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents...........................................................................522
Configuring LLDPDU Intervals.............................................................................................................................523
Configuring Transmit and Receive Mode......................................................................................................... 523
Configuring the Time to Live Value....................................................................................................................524
Debugging LLDP.....................................................................................................................................................525
Relevant Management Objects...........................................................................................................................525
30 Microsoft Network Load Balancing...............................................................................................................531
NLB Unicast Mode Scenario.................................................................................................................................531
NLB Multicast Mode Scenario..............................................................................................................................531
Limitations of the NLB Feature............................................................................................................................532
Microsoft Clustering.............................................................................................................................................. 532
Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding ................................................................................................................... 532
Configuring a Switch for NLB .............................................................................................................................532
Enabling a Switch for Multicast NLB.............................................................................................................533
31 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)..............................................................................................534
Protocol Overview................................................................................................................................................. 534
Anycast RP............................................................................................................................................................... 535
Implementation Information............................................................................................................................... 536
Configure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol.............................................................................................536
Related Configuration Tasks..........................................................................................................................536
Enable MSDP...........................................................................................................................................................540
Manage the Source-Active Cache......................................................................................................................541
Viewing the Source-Active Cache................................................................................................................ 541
Limiting the Source-Active Cache................................................................................................................541
Clearing the Source-Active Cache...............................................................................................................542
Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache............................................................................................. 542
Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check.............................................................................542
Specifying Source-Active Messages.................................................................................................................. 545
Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer.........................................................................................546
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source.............................................................................................546
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source........................................................................................ 547
9.10(0.0)
18
Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source........................................................................................ 547
Logging Changes in Peership States..................................................................................................................548
Terminating a Peership.........................................................................................................................................548
Clearing Peer Statistics......................................................................................................................................... 549
Debugging MSDP...................................................................................................................................................549
MSDP with Anycast RP..........................................................................................................................................550
Configuring Anycast RP.........................................................................................................................................551
Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding...............................................................................................552
Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages.......................................................................................552
MSDP Sample Configurations............................................................................................................................. 554
32 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)..................................................................................................... 557
Protocol Overview................................................................................................................................................. 557
Spanning Tree Variations......................................................................................................................................558
Implementation Information......................................................................................................................... 558
Configure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol.................................................................................................... 558
Related Configuration Tasks..........................................................................................................................558
Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally........................................................................................................... 559
Adding and Removing Interfaces........................................................................................................................559
Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances......................................................................................................559
Influencing MSTP Root Selection....................................................................................................................... 561
Interoperate with Non-Dell Bridges...................................................................................................................561
Changing the Region Name or Revision........................................................................................................... 561
Modifying Global Parameters.............................................................................................................................. 562
Modifying the Interface Parameters...................................................................................................................563
Configuring an EdgePort......................................................................................................................................564
Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change............................................................................................. 565
MSTP Sample Configurations..............................................................................................................................565
Router 1 Running-ConfigurationRouter 2 Running-ConfigurationRouter 3 Running-
ConfigurationSFTOS Example Running-Configuration........................................................................... 565
Debugging and Verifying MSTP Configurations..............................................................................................568
33 Multicast Features.............................................................................................................................................570
Enabling IP Multicast............................................................................................................................................. 570
Implementation Information............................................................................................................................... 570
Multicast Policies.................................................................................................................................................... 571
IPv4 Multicast Policies......................................................................................................................................571
34 Object Tracking.................................................................................................................................................579
Object Tracking Overview....................................................................................................................................579
Track Layer 2 Interfaces..................................................................................................................................580
Track Layer 3 Interfaces..................................................................................................................................580
Track IPv4 and IPv6 Routes............................................................................................................................581
Set Tracking Delays..........................................................................................................................................582
VRRP Object Tracking..................................................................................................................................... 582
Object Tracking Configuration........................................................................................................................... 582
Tracking a Layer 2 Interface...........................................................................................................................582
Contents
19
Tracking a Layer 3 Interface...........................................................................................................................583
Track an IPv4/IPv6 Route............................................................................................................................... 585
Displaying Tracked Objects................................................................................................................................. 588
35 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3)......................................................................................... 590
Protocol Overview.................................................................................................................................................590
Autonomous System (AS) Areas....................................................................................................................590
Area Types..........................................................................................................................................................591
Networks and Neighbors................................................................................................................................592
Router Types..................................................................................................................................................... 592
Designated and Backup Designated Routers.............................................................................................594
Link-State Advertisements (LSAs)................................................................................................................. 594
Router Priority and Cost................................................................................................................................. 595
OSPF with Dell Networking OS...........................................................................................................................596
Graceful Restart................................................................................................................................................ 597
Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only).......................................................................................................598
Multi-Process OSPFv2 with VRF................................................................................................................... 598
RFC-2328 Compliant OSPF Flooding..........................................................................................................598
OSPF ACK Packing........................................................................................................................................... 599
Setting OSPF Adjacency with Cisco Routers..............................................................................................599
Configuration Information...................................................................................................................................600
Configuration Task List for OSPFv2 (OSPF for IPv4)................................................................................ 600
Sample Configurations for OSPFv2.................................................................................................................... 613
Basic OSPFv2 Router Topology.....................................................................................................................613
OSPF Area 0 — Te 1/1 and 1/2....................................................................................................................... 613
OSPF Area 0 — Te 3/1 and 3/2...................................................................................................................... 614
OSPF Area 0 — Te 2/1 and 2/2...................................................................................................................... 614
Configuration Task List for OSPFv3 (OSPF for IPv6)....................................................................................... 614
Enabling IPv6 Unicast Routing.......................................................................................................................615
Applying cost for OSPFv3............................................................................................................................... 615
Assigning IPv6 Addresses on an Interface...................................................................................................616
Assigning Area ID on an Interface.................................................................................................................616
Assigning OSPFv3 Process ID and Router ID Globally..............................................................................616
Assigning OSPFv3 Process ID and Router ID to a VRF..............................................................................617
Configuring Stub Areas....................................................................................................................................617
Configuring Passive-Interface....................................................................................................................... 618
Redistributing Routes.......................................................................................................................................618
Configuring a Default Route.......................................................................................................................... 618
Enabling OSPFv3 Graceful Restart................................................................................................................619
OSPFv3 Authentication Using IPsec............................................................................................................. 621
Troubleshooting OSPFv3................................................................................................................................627
36 Policy-based Routing (PBR)............................................................................................................................629
Overview..................................................................................................................................................................629
Implementing PBR.................................................................................................................................................630
Configuration Task List for Policy-based Routing..........................................................................................630
PBR Exceptions (Permit)..................................................................................................................................631
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