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Discharge current:
3 - 5 C, peak 10 C
Final charge voltage:
Cells of 3.6 V nominal voltage = 4.1 Volt
Cells of 3.7 V nominal voltage = 4.2 Volt
Final discharge voltage:
Cells of 3.6 V nominal voltage = 2.4 Volt
Cells of 3.7 V nominal voltage = 2.5 Volt
Important note:
If the stated limits for final charge or disch-
arge voltage are exceeded, the cell will be
damaged; the damage takes the form of per-
manent capacity loss. If the limit values are
exceeded for a protracted period, the cell
will be ruined, and may explode and start a
fire.
Effective cell life:
The theoretical useful life of a cell when
discharged at low discharge currents is
around 500 charge/discharge cycles. Howe-
ver, if the discharge current is relatively high
- around 3-5 C - the cell’s useful life is redu-
ced to around 300 cycles. If even higher
discharge currents are used, the cycle life
suffers a further significant reduction.
Temperature range:
Charging: -> 0° … +45°C
Discharging -> -20° … +60°C
Temperature behaviour
Lithium cells feature a pronounced tempera-
ture index which means that the full nominal
capacity is not available at very low and very
high temperatures.
Order No.
8427 Li
Supplementary operating instructions
POWER PEAK ULTIMATE Li
The POWER PEAK ULTIMATE battery char-
ger has been upgraded by the addition of the
facility to charge various types of Lithium-Ion
battery. Its title now bears the suffix Li.
The unit is capable of charging up to four
Lithium cells wired in series, with a maximum
current of 5 Amps.
To avoid damage please be sure to read
through these instructions carefully before
using the charger.
Introduction
There are various types of Lithium batteries:
1.Lithium-Ion batteries containing fluid elect-
rolyte, and featuring a nominal voltage of
3.6 Volts. This is the first generation of
Lithium cells, and is not often used for
modelling applications.
2.Lithium-Ion batteries containing fluid elect-
rolyte, and featuring a nominal voltage of
3.7 Volts. This is the second generation of
Lithium cell, and is housed in a metal can.
3.Lithium-Ion-Polymer batteries containing
gel-form electrolyte, and featuring a nomi-
nal voltage of
3.7 Volts. This is the current
generation of Lithium cell, and they have
also
become known as Li-Poly batteries.
The gel electrolyte results in a reduced
pressure build-up in the cell during char-
ging and discharging, for which reason a
foil housing is adequate. This cell has
rapidly become very popular for model
purposes due to its low weight and high
energy density.
The charging process is the same for all
Lithium cell types, but the charge termination
voltage varies according to the nominal cell
voltage; this parameter can therefore be
selected in the Ultimate Li’s set-up menu.
In general terms the following specification
applies to all Li-Poly batteries:
Charge curr
ent:
1 C, i.e. capacity value = char
ge current
Example: Li-Poly cell of 1500 mAh capacity:
1 C = 1500 mA (= 1.5 A) charge current
8
Capacity in %
Temperature °C
Temperature curve
Order No.
8427 Li
Supplementary operating instructions
POWER PEAK ULTIMATE Li
9
The external cell temperature should not
exceed 45°C during charging and 60° C
during discharging, otherwise the cell will be
damaged, with a permanent loss of capacity.
If the limit values are exceeded for a pro-
tracted period, the cell will be ruined, and
may explode and start a fire.
Variations in capacity
If several cells are assembled to form a bat-
tery which is then discharged at a fairly high
current, the cells will heat up to different
extents as the internal cell or cells are unable
to dissipate heat effectively.
This results in changes to the cells’ internal
resistance, which in turn reduces their disch-
arge capacity. The cell concerned will then be
discharged more quickly, with the danger
that it will eventually be discharged below the
permissible final charge voltage of 2.5 Volts.
Considerable differences in capacity can
occur when external temperatures are very
low. For example, if a Li-Poly pack is flown in
an electric helicopter, the front cell will be
greatly cooled by the normal airflow, while
the inner cells become significantly warmer.
The colder cell will lose effective capacity,
with the danger that it will be discharged
below the permissible final discharge vol-
tage.
To avoid the danger of permanent cell
damage we recommend that Li-Poly cells
should only be discharged down to a final
discharge voltage of about 3 Volts.
Storage
Li-Poly cells feature an extremely low rate of
self-dischar
ge (appr
ox. 0.2% per day), and
can therefore be stored for long periods wit-
hout pr
oblems. However
, befor
e a pr
otracted
period of storage they should be charged up
to about 50 - 80% capacity, and they should
be topped up again after about 4 - 6 months.
Memory effect, cell capacity
Li-Poly cells do not suffer from the memory
(lazy battery) effect, so the standard proce-
dure with NC and NiMH batteries of dischar-
ging before recharging (cycle charging) is not
necessary.
Indeed, it is actually better to avoid dischar-
ging the cells before recharging.
Each charge process reduces the capacity
of the Li-Poly pack slightly, so this would
lead to an unnecessary loss of capacity.
Assembling battery packs
Li-Poly cells can be wired together in series
or parallel in order to increase pack voltage
or capacity, but this does present problems
due to variations in charge voltage and capa-
city.
For this reason it is important to use
selected cells exclusively if they are to be
wired together to form a battery.
Charging battery packs
Integrated charge protection circuit
Each Li-Poly cell usually contains a voltage
monitor module to protect it from overchar-
ging, deep-discharging or excessive cur-
rents.
However, for modelling applications it is
usual to draw high load currents, which
means that the monitor module would very
often be tripped to protect the cells. For this
very reason most battery packs do not
include this feature.
The lack of the protective circuit can gene-
rate problems in the charging of series-wired
Li-Poly cells. As mentioned earlier, individual
cells in the pack may well have slightly dif
fe-
rent charge states and voltages.
In this case the overall final char
ge voltage is
not distributed evenly amongst the individual
cells, with the result that cells featuring hig-
her voltage can easily be overcharged.
Order No.
8427 Li
Supplementary operating instructions
POWER PEAK ULTIMATE Li
10
To avoid this, the individual cells must be
brought up to the final charge voltage of 4.2
Volts.
In contrast, charging parallel-wired cells
does not present problems, as the total
charge current is distributed to the individual
cells according to their voltage.
We wish to point out expressly at this point
that, in the interests of safety, Li-Poly batte-
ries may only be charged using the Ultimate
Li charger if each individual cell is fitted
with a voltage monitor module.
We accept absolutely no liability for
damage caused by incorrect or incompe-
tent handling of the cells.
Please be sure to read and observe the
safety notes regarding the handling of Li-
Poly cells; you will find them at the end of
these instructions.
The charge process
Lithium-Ion batteries are charged using the
constant voltage method.
For this reason the final charge voltage is
pre-set on the charger according to the num-
ber of cells in the pack. The default charge
current is max. 1 C.
During the initial charge phase the battery
voltage rises slowly to the maximum value of
4.1 or 4.2 V / cell. In this phase the Ultimate
Li char
ger ensur
es that the char
ge curr
ent
remains constantly at the pre-set value.
At a charge current of 1 C and a discharged
battery this initial phase lasts about 50 - 60
minutes, and during this time about 80% of
full battery capacity is charged in.
During the second phase the charge current
falls off, since the difference in voltage bet-
ween charger and battery is steadily decli-
ning. A further 35 - 40 minutes is required in
order to charge in the remaining capacity.
The unit switches off the charge process
when the charge current falls to the bottom
limit of 50 mA.
At present the permissible maximum charge
rate is 1 C, and this means that the total
charge process takes at least 95 minutes if
the battery is initially discharged.
The charger in use
The method of operating the charger
remains basically unchanged, although indi-
vidual menu points have been expanded.
For example, Lithium has now been added
to the battery type select menu.
If you are charging a battery of the Lithium
type, please note the following deviations
from the main battery instructions:
- Charging is only possible in manual mode.
- There is no discharge process.
- The user enters the nominal voltage of the
cell or battery rather than the cell count.
- The charge current is limited to 1 C, calcu-
lated from the battery capacity you have
entered. (1 C = 1 x cell capacity).
Order No.
8427 Li
Supplementary operating instructions
POWER PEAK ULTIMATE Li
11
The following settings must be carried out
before the charge process can be started:
- Select manual mode
- Select the spot memory
- Select the Lithium battery type
- Select the nominal battery voltage
- Enter the battery capacity
Detailed description of procedure:
Selecting manual mode
When you switch on the charger the above
screen display appears. Press the “MAN”
button to select manual mode.
Selecting the spot memory
Press the “+” button to leaf through the
screen display until the arrow indicates Spot
Memory.
Press the Enter button -> the arrow flashes.
Now select a spot memory within the range 0
to 9 using the +/- buttons. Press the Enter
button after making your selection.
Selecting the battery type
Pr
ess the “+” button to leaf thr
ough the
screen display until the arrow indicates Bat-
tery Type.
Use the Enter button to select Lithium as the
battery type from NiCd, Pb (lead-acid), NiMH
and Lithium.
Selecting the nominal voltage
Press the “+” button to leaf through the
screen display until the arrow indicates Cell
Count.
Press the Enter button -> the arrow flashes.
Select the nominal battery voltage using the
+/- buttons.
The following selections are available:
Select the correct nominal voltage for your
battery; the charger calculates the appro-
priate charge termination voltage from this
value.
Press the Enter button after making your
selection.
Setting the battery capacity
Press the “+” button to leaf through the
screen display until the arrow indicates Bat-
tery Capacity.
Press the Enter button -> the arrow flashes.
The battery capacity can now be adjusted in
50 mAh increments within the range 50 …
5000 mAh using the +/- buttons.
Press the Enter button again after making
your selection.
Setting the charge current
Press the “+” button to leaf through the
screen display until the arrow indicates
Charge Current.
Number of cells 3.6 volt type 3.7 volt type
1 3.6 V 3.7 V
2 7.2 V 7.4 V
3 10.8 V 11.1 V
4 14.4 V 14.8 V
Order No.
8427 Li
Supplementary operating instructions
POWER PEAK ULTIMATE Li
12
If you set a charge current higher than 1 C,
the charger automatically limits the value to 1
C. However, it is possible to set lower charge
currents manually.
Press the Enter button -> the arrow flashes.
You can now reduce the charge current in
increments of 100 mA using the +/- buttons.
The smallest value you can set is 0.1 A, the
maximum 5.0 A, but the maximum value is
limited by the preceding capacity setting and
the battery voltage.
Press the Enter button again after making
your selection.
Storing the settings
Press the “+” button to leaf through the
screen display until the arrow indicates End.
Press the Enter button to store the settings
you have selected.
Starting the charge process
The screen display reverts to the starting
point.
- Press the “MAN” button.
- The Start display appears.
- Press the Enter button to select the dis-
played spot memory; the screen shows the
stored parameters so that you can check
them.
Press the
START button to initiate the charge
process.
The working display now appears on the
screen.
The screen shows:
The charge process is stopped by the auto-
matic charge termination circuit; alternatively
you can interrupt it by pressing the STOP
(ENTER) button.
The status display then changes from C =
Charge to F = Finished.
Specification:
Input: 11 - 15 Volts DC
Cell count: NC / NiMH bat-
tery: 1 … 25 cells
Lead-acid battery: 1 … 6 cells
Lithium battery: 1 … 4 cells
Charge current: 0.1 … 5 A
Discharge current: 0.5 … 3 A
Charge termination: Automatic
NC / NiMH: Digital Delta-Peak
Lead-acid /
Lithium batteries: Voltage-
dependent
Dimensions: 155x125x55 mm
Status
Battery voltage
Charge
current
Battery type
Capacity
Time hr:min:sec
Order No.
8427 Li
Supplementary operating instructions
POWER PEAK ULTIMATE Li
13
Safety Notes
relating to Lithium-Ion-Polymer batteries
These operating instructions for the battery
charger can only provide a global overview of
the methods of charging and handling
rechargeable Li-Poly batteries, and should
not be considered as a substitute for the
instructions provided by the battery manu-
facturer.
Please be sure to read the instructions and
information supplied by the battery manu-
facturer.
- Be sure to place the battery on a fireproof,
non-flammable surface for charging and
discharging, and never leave the pack on
charge unsupervised.
- Do not submerge the battery in water or
any other liquid, as this may cause damage
to the monitor module; this in turn could
cause the pack to be charged at an abnor-
mal current.
- Do not heat the battery, throw it into a fire
or place it in a microwave oven.
- Do not short-circuit the pack or charge it
with reverse polarity.
- Do not subject the battery to physical pres-
sure, do not deform or throw it.
- Do not solder directly to the battery.
- Do not modify or open the battery.
- Do not charge the battery to a voltage hig-
her than 4.2 Volts per cell.
- Do not discharge the battery to a voltage
lower than 2.5 Volts per cell.
- These batteries may only be charged using
a char
ger designed expr
essly for this pur
-
pose. Never connect the battery directly to
a mains PSU.
- Never charge or discharge the battery in
direct sunshine, or close to a heater or fire,
as this might damage the monitor module.
- Do not use the battery in any location
which is subject to severe static dischar-
ges.
- Any of these errors may cause the bat-
tery to be damaged, to explode or catch
fire.
- If a battery starts to burn, extinguish it
using salt water.
- Keep the battery well out of the reach of
children.
- If electrolyte should escape, keep it well
away from fire. The substance is highly
inflammable and may burst into flames.
- Avoid the fluid electrolyte contacting your
eyes. If this should occur, rinse the
affected part immediately with plenty of
clean water before seeking medical atten-
tion.
- If the fluid electrolyte should contact your
clothes or any other object, immediately
wash it off using plenty of water.
- Be sure to read and observe the general
safety notes regarding battery charging.
These are included in the main operating
instructions for the charger.
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robbe Modellsport GmbH & Co. KG
Metzloserstr. 36
Telefon:+49 (0) 6644 / 87-0
D36355 Grebenhain
DAE
Errors and omissions excepted. Modifications reserved.
Copyright robbe-Modellsport 2004
Copying and re-printing, in whole or in part, only with prior written
approval of robbe-Modellsport GmbH & Co. KG
Sous réserve de d’erreur et de modification technique.
Copyright robbe-Modellsport 2004
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écrite expresse de la Société robbe-Modellsport GmbH & Co. KG
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modificaciones técnicas y/o errores. Copyright robbe-Modellsport
2004
Queda prohibida la reproducción total o parcial de este documen-
to, excepto con autorización por escrito de robbe-Modellsport
GmbH & Co. KG.
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di modifiche tecniche o eventuali errori. Copyright robbe-
Modellsport 2004
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solamente sotto autorizzazione della robbe-Modellsport GmbH &
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Irrtum und technische Änderungen vorbehalten
Copyright robbe-Modellsport 2004
Kopie und Nachdruck, auch auszugsweise, nur mit schriftlicher
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