Troybilt 12213 Owner's manual

Category
Mini tillers
Type
Owner's manual
GARDEN WAY
_ TRD_J_!LT"
Model
12213- 4.5HP
GARDEN WAYINCORPORATED
Owner'sManual
REAR-TINETILLER
Safety
Assembly
Controls
Operation
Maintenance
Parts List
DearOwner:
You now own one of the finest standard-rotating-tine tillers
available.Your new tiJJerallows you to tiJland cultivateyour
gardenwith ease,andaccomplish dozensof other property
managementprojects aswell. Your tiller isfamous for its
ruggedness,performance and high-quality engineering. We
know you'll enjoyusing it.
Pleasecarefully readthis Manual. It tells you howto safely
and easily assemble, operateand maintain your machine.
Besure that you and anyother operators carefully follow
the recommendedsafety practices atall times. Failureto
do so could result in personal injury or property damage.
Of course, if you should everhaveany problems or
questions, pleasecontact your local authorized dealeror
call the Factory (seehack cover of this Manual). We want to
be sore that you are completely satisfied at arttimes.
NOTE:Be sureto fill out and return the Warranty Registra-
tion Cardthat was supplied with this Manual.
See Back Cover for
Customer Service Information
Safety AlertSymbol
,_ This isa safety alert symbol. It is used in this
manualand on the unit to alertyou to
potential hazards. Whenyou seethis symbol,
readand obeythe messagethat follows it.
Failureto obeysafety messagescould result in personal
injury or property damage.
This machine meets voluntary safety standard B71.8
- 1996, which is sponsored by the Outdoor Power
Equipment Institute, Inc., and is published by the
American National Standards Institute.
WARNING
The engine exhaust from this product contains
chemicals known te the State of California to cause
cancer, birth defects or other reproductive harm.
2
Tableof Contents
SECTION1: SAFETY........................................... 3
SafetyDecals .................................................................... 5
SECTION2: ASSEMBLY....................................... 6
Attach Handlebar............................................................... 7
Move Tiller Off Shipping Platform...................................... 7
Install Forward ClutchCable.............................................. 8
CheckLevelofTransmission GearOil................................ 9
Add Motor Oil to Engine..................................................... 9
CheckHardwarefor Tightness........................................... 9
CheckAir Pressure in Tires................................................ 9
SECTION3: FEATURES& CONTROLS........................ 10
Wheel Drive Pins ............................................................... 10
Forward ClutchBail............................................................ 11
Depth Regulator................................................................. 11
HandlebarHeightAdjustment ............................................ 11
SECTION4: OPERATION...................................... 12
Break-in Operation.......................................................... 12
Starting and Stoppingthe Engine...................................... 12
Operatingthe Tifler ............................................................ 13
Tilling Tips & Techniques.................................................. 15
PowerComposting ............................................................ 17
Loadingand Unloading theTiller ....................................... 17
SECTION5: MAINTENANCE.................................. 18
RequiredMaintenanceSchedule........................................ 18
Tiller Lubdcation................................................................ 19
Checkfor Oil Leaks............................................................ 19
CheckHardware................................................................. 19
CheckTire Pressure........................................................... 19
Transmission GearOil Service........................................... 19
Bold Tines.......................................................................... 20
Checkingand Adjusting Forward Drive BeltTension.......... 21
Forward ClutchBailAdjustment ......................................... 21
EngineCleaning................................................................. 22
Air CleanerService............................................................ 22
EngineOil Service.............................................................. 22
Spark Plug Service............................................................ 22
SparkArrestor ScreenService........................................... 22
CarburetodGovernor Control Adjustments ........................ 22
Off SeasonStorage............................................................ 22
Troubleshooting................................................................. 23
PARTSLIST ..................................................... 24
CUSTOMERSERVICEINFORMATION.............. BackCover
I1
Safety
SPARKARRESTERWARNINGTO RESIDENTSOFCALIFORNIAANDSEVERALOTHERSTATES
UnderCalifornialaw, and under the laws of severalother states, you are not permitted to operatean
internalcombustion engine using hydrocarbon fuels on any forest, brush, hay, grain, or grass
covered land; or land covered by anyflammable agricultural crop without an engine spark arrester in
continuous effectiveworking order.
Theengine on the unit isan internal combustion engine which burns gasoline, a hydrocarbon fuel, and must be equipped with a
spark arrester muffler in continuous effectiveworking order. The spark arrester must beattachedto the engine exhaustsystem in
such a mannerthat flames or heatfrom the system will not ignite flammable material. Failureof the owner/operator ofthe unit to
comply with this regulation is a misdemeanor under California law (and other states) and may alsobe a violation of other state
and/or federal regulations, laws, ordinances or codes. Contactyour local fire marshal or forest servicefor specific information
about which regulations apply in your area.
Training
1. Carefullyreadthis
Owner'sManual,the
separateEngineOwner's
Manual,and any other literature you may
receive.Bethoroughly familiar with the
controls and the proper useof the tiller
and its engine,Know how to stop the unit
and disengagethe controls quickly.
2. Neverallow children to operatethe
tiller. Neverallow adults to operatethe
tiller without proper instruction.
3. Keepthearea of operation clearof all
persons,particularly children and pets.
4. Keepin mind that the operator or user
isresponsible for accidents or hazards
occurring to other people,their property,
andthemselves.
Preparation
1. Thoroughly inspectthe areawherethe
tiller is to be usedand remove all foreign
objects.
2. Be sureall tiller controls are released
and both wheels are in the Wheel Drive
position before starting the engine.
3. Do not operatethe tiller without
wearingadequateouter garments, Avoid
loose garments or jewelry that could get
caught in moving parts.
4. Do not operatethe tiller when barefoot
or wearing sandals,sneakers,or light
footwear. Wear protective footwear that
will improve footing on slippery surfaces,
5. Do nottill near underground electric
cables, telephonelines, pipes or hoses. If
in doubt, contact your telephone or utility
company.
6. Warning: Handlefuel with care; it is
highly flammable and its vapors are
explosive. Besure to take the following
precautions:
a. Storefuel in containers specifically
designedfor this purpose.
b. The gascap shall never be removed
or fuel added while the engine is
running. Allow the engine to cool
for several minutes beforeadding
fuel.
c. Keepmatches, cigarettes, cigars,
pipes, openflames, and sparks
away from the fuel tank and fuel
container.
d. Fillfuel tank outdoors with extreme
care.Neverfill fuel tank indoors.
Usea funnel or spout to prevent
spillage.
e. Replaceall fuel tank and container
caps securely.
f. If fuel is spilled, do not attempt to
start the engine, but move the
machine awayfrom the area of
spillageand avoid creating any
source of ignition until fuel vapors
havedissipated.
7. Nevermake adjustments when engine
is running (unless recommended by
manufacturer).
Operation
1. Do not put handsor feet near or under
rotating parts.
2. Exerciseextreme caution whenon or
crossing graveldrives, walks, or roads.
Stay alertfor hidden hazardsor traffic. Do
not carry passengers.
3, After striking a foreign object, stop the
engine, removethe wire from the spark
plug wire and prevent it from touching
the spark plug. Thoroughly inspectthe
machinefor anydamageand repairthe
damagebefore restarting and operating
the machine.
4. Exercisecaution to avoid slipping or
falling.
5. If the unit should start to vibrate abnor-
mally,stop the engine, disconnect the
spark plug wire and prevent it from
touching the spark plug, and check
immediately for the cause.Vibration is
generallya warning of trouble.
6. Stopthe engine, disconnect the spark
plug wire and prevent it from touching
the spark plug whenever you leavethe
operating position, beforeunclogging the
tines, or when making any repairs, adjust-
ments or inspections.
Section1: Safety
7. Take all possible precautionswhen
leavingthe machine unattended.Stopthe
engine. Disconnectspark plugwire and
move it awayfrom the spark plug. Be
sure both wheels are in the WheelDrive
position.
8. Beforecleaning, repairing, or inspect-
ing, stop the engineand make certain all
moving parts havestopped. Disconnect
the spark plug wire and prevent it from
touching the spark plug to prevent acci-
dental starting.
9. Theflap on the tine hood must be
down when operating the tiller.
10. Never usethe tiller unless proper
guards, plates,or other safety protective
devicesare in place.
11. Do not run engine in an enclosed
area. Engineexhaust contains carbon
monoxide gas, a deadlypoison that is
odorless, colorless, and tasteless.
12. Keepchildren and pets away.
13. Never operatethe tiller under
engine powerifthe wheels are in the
Freewheel position.In the Freewheel
position, the wheels will not hold the tiller
back and the revolving tines could propel
the tiller rapidly, possibly causing loss of
control. Always engagethe wheels with
the wheel drive pins in theWheel Drive
position beforestarting the engine or
engaging the tines/wheels with the
Forward Clutch Bail.
14. Beaware thatthe tiller may unex-
pectedlybounceupwardor jump
forwardif thetines shouldstrike
extremely hardpackedsoil, frozen
ground,or buriedobstacleslike large
stones,roots, or stomps.If in doubt
aboutthe tilling conditions,alwaysuse
the followingoperatingprecautionsto
assistyouin maintainingcontrolofthe
tiller:
a. Walk behindand to oneside ol the
tiller, usingone handonthe han-
dlebars. Relaxyour arm, butusea
securehandgrip.
b. Useshallowerdepthregulator
settings,workinggradually
deeperwith eachpass.
c. Useslower enginespeeds.
d. Clearthetilling area ofall large
stones,rootsand otherdebris.
e. Avoidusingdownwardpressure
on handlebars.If need be, use
slight upwardpressureto keepthe
tines lrom diggingtoodeeply.
f. Beforecontactinghardpackedsoil
atthe end ofa row, reduceengine
speedand lift handlebarsto raise
tines outofthe soil.
go In an emergency, stoptines and
wheels byreleasingwhichever
clutchcontrolisengaged. Donot
attemptto restrainthetiller.
15. Do not overload the tiger's capacity
by attempting to till too deeplyat too fast
a rate.
16. Never operatethetiller at high
transport speeds on hard or slippery
surfaces. Look behind and usecarewhen
backing up.
17. Do not operatethe tiller on a slope
that is too steepfor safety.When on
slopes, slow down and makesure you
havegood footing. Neverpermit the tiller
to freewheel down slopes.
18. Never allow bystanders nearthe unit.
19. Only useattachments and acces-
sories that are approvedby the manufac-
turer of the tiller.
20. Usetiller attachments and acces-
sories when recommended.
21. Neveroperatethe tiller without good
visibility or lighL
22. Neveroperatethe tiller ifyou are
tired, or under the influence of alcohol,
drugs or medication.
23. Operatorsshall not tamper with the
engine-governor settings on the machine;
the governor controls the maximum safe
operating speedto protect the engineand
all moving parts from damagecausedby
overspeed. Authorized serviceshall be
sought if a problem exists.
24. Do not touch engine partswhich may
behot from operation, Let parts cool
down sufficiently,
25. Pleaseremember: You canalways
stop the tines and wheels by releasingthe
Forward Clutch Bail or by moving the
Throttle Control Leveron theengine to
"OFF"or "STOP".
26. Toload or unload the tiller, seethe
instructions in Section 4 of this Manual.
27. Use extremecaution when reversing
or pulling the machine towards you.
28. Start the engine carefully according to
instructions and with feet well away from
thetines.
29. Neverpick up or carry a machine
while the engine is running.
Maintenance and Storage
1. Keepthe tiller, attachments and acces-
sories in safe working condition.
2. Checkall nuts, bolts, and screws at
frequent intervals for proper tightness to
besure the equipment is in safeworking
condition.
3. Neverstore the tiller with fuel in the
fuel tank inside a building where ignition
sources are present such as hot water
and spaceheaters,furnaces, clothes
dryers, stoves, electric motors, etc.).
Allow engineto cool beforestoring in any
enclosure.
4. To reducethe chances of afire hazard,
keepthe engine free ofgrass, leaves,or
excessivegrease.
5. Store gasolinein a cool, welI-ventilated
area,safelyaway from anyspark- or
flame-producing equipment. Store
gasoline in an approved container, safely
awayfrom the reachof children.
6. Referto the Maintenancesections of
this Manual and the separateEngine
Owner's Manual for instructions if the
tiller is to be stored for an extended
period.
7. Neverperform maintenancewhile the
engine is running or the spark plug wire
is connected, exceptwhen specifically
instructed to do so.
8. If the fuel tank hasto be drained, do
this outdoors,
Section1: Safety
Decals
Foryour safety and the safety of
others, various safetyand opera-
tional decalsare located on your
unit (seeFigure 1).
Keepthe decals cleanand legible at
al!times. Contact your local
service dealer or the factory for
replacementsif any decalsare
damaged or missing.
Referto the Parts List pagesin this
Manualfor decallocations, descrip-
tions and part numbers.
ForwardClutchBail
OperatingInstruction
Starting Stabilization
Message(on engine)
WarningMessages
HotSurfaces/MovingBelts
Warning(onbeltcover)
Figure1: LocationofSafetyand OperatingDecals.
OperatingSymbols
Various symbols (shown here, with word
desndptions)areused onthe tiller and engine.
Your unit maynot haveall of the symbols.
FAST SLOW STOP
I-,,-I I+1
CHOKE CHOKE ROTATING
ON OFF TINES
TILLERDIRECTION LEVERDIRECTION
BAIL
ENGAGED
BAIL
DISENGAGED
TO AVOID SERIOUS INJURY:
READTHEOWNER'SMANUAL,
KNOWLOCATIONSAND FUNCTIONSOFALLCONTROLS.
KEEPALLSAFETYDEVICESAND SHIELDSIN PLACEANDWORKING.
NEVERALLOW CHILDRENOR UNINSTRUCTEDADULTSTO OPERATETILLER.
SHUTOFFENGINEANDDISCONNECTSPARKPLUGWIRE BEFOREMANUALLYUNCLOG-
GINGTINESOR MAKINGREPAIRS.
KEEPBYSTANDERSAWAYFROMMACHINE,
KEEPAWAYFROMROTATINGPARTS,
USEEXTREMECAUTIONWHEN REVERSINGORPULLINGTHE MACHINETOWARDSYOU.
I1
Assembly
To preventpersonal injury or property
damage, do net start fhe engine until
all assembly steps are complete and
you have read and understand the
safety and operatinginstructionsin this
manual.
Introduction
Carefullyfollow these assembly stepsto
correctly prepareyour tiller for use. It is
recommendedthat you readthis Section
in its entirety beforebeginning assembly.
Inspectunit
Inspect the unit and carton for damage
immediately after delivery. Contactthe
carrier (trucking company) ifyou find or
suspect damage. Inform them of the
damageand request instructions for filing
a claim. To protect your rights, put your
claim in writing and mail acopy to the
carrier within 15 days after the unit has
been delivered.Contact us atthe factory if
you needassistancein this matter.
STEP1: UnpackingInstructions
NOTE:Becareful not to severelybend any
of the control cableson the unit.
1. Removeanycardboard inserts and
packagingmaterial from the carton.
Removeanystaples from the bottom of
the carton and remove the carton.
2. Thetiller is heavy (approximately 133
]bs.). Oonot attempt to remove it from
the shipping platform until instructed to
do so in these Assembly steps.
3. Removeall unassembledparts and
the separatehardware bagfrom the
carton, Checkthat you havethe items
listed below(contact your local dealeror
the factory if anyitems are missing or
damaged). NOTE: Usethe screw length
template (Fig. 2-1) to identify screws.
LoosePartsList
Qty. Description
1 HandlebarSupport (seeA, Fig. 2-2,
page 7)
1 HandlebarAssembly(see K,Fig.2-2)
Thefollowing items
are in the hardwarebag:
1 Slotted hd. screw, #10-24 x 2"
1 Hexhd. screw, 1/4-20 x 1-1/4"
6 Hexhd. screw, 5/16-t8 x 1-1/2"
2 Hexhd screw, 3/8-16 x 3/4"
2 Flatwasher,3/8"
6 Split Iockwasher,5/16"
1 Hex Iocknut, 1/4'-20
6 Hex nut, 5/16"-18
1 Hex nut,#10-24
2 Hexlocknut, 3/8"-16
1 Spring, cable (seeW, Fig. 2-5,
page8)
1 Bracket,forward clutch cable (see
P,Fig. 2-4, page8)
IMPORTANT:Motor oil must be addedto
the enginecrankcase beforethe engine is
started. Follow the instructions in this
"Assembiy" Section and in the separate
EngineOwner's Manual.
NOTE:LEFTand RIGHTsides of thetiller
are asviewed from the operator's
position behind the handlebars,
Tools/MaterialsNeeded
for Assembly
(1) 3/8" open-end wrench*
(2) 7/16"open-end wrench*
(2) 1/2" open-endwrench*
(2) 9/16" open-endwrench*
(1) Scissors (to trim plasticties)
(1) Ruler(for belt tension check)
(1) Blockof wood (to support tiller
when removing wheels)
(1) Tire pressure gauge (for models with
pneumatic tires)
(1) Cleanoil funnel
(1) Clean,high-quality motor oil. Refer
to the EngineOwner's Manual for
motor oil specifications and quantity
required.
* Adjustable wrenches may be used,
Figure2-1: Toidentifylengthofscrew,
placescrewontemplateasshownand
measuredistancebetweenbottomofscrew
headandtipofscrew
STEP2: Attach Handlebar
1. Looselyattach the two legsof the
handlebarsupport (A,Fig. 2-2) to the
inner sides of the tiller frame usingtwo
3/8"-16 x3/4" hexhd, screws (B), 3/8' flat
washers (C) and 3/8"-16 hexIocknuts (D)
2. Thereare three height adjustment holes
in the two handlebar support brackets (E
and F,Fig. 2-2). Choosea setting that will
position the handlebarsat approximately
waist levelwhen thetines are 3"-4" into
the soil, Loosely attachthe support
bracketsto the handlebar support (A)
using two 5/16"-18 x 1-1/2' screws (G),
5/16" split Iockwashers (H) and 5/16"-18
hexnuts (I) NOTE:If a support bracket
will not move, loosenattaching screw (J)
and nut.
3. Attachthe handlebarassembly (K) to
the handlebar support (A) using four
5/16"-18 x 1-1/2' screws (G), 5/16" split
Iockwashers (H) and 5/16"-18 hexnuts (I).
Tighten the four screws securely
4. Tighten all handlebar mounting
hardware securely.
STEP3: MoveTiller OffShipping
Platform
To move the tiller without the engine
running, put the wheels inthe
FREEWHEELposition, as described below.
1. Use asturdy block under the transmis-
sion to raiseone wheelabout 1' off the
ground.
2. Removethe hairpin cotter (L, Fig.2-3)
and wheel drive pin (M). Slide the wheel
inward on the wheel shaft (N). Reinstall
the wheel drive pin through the wheel
shaft only (not through the wheel hub)
and secure it with the hairpin cotter (push
hairpin cotter in as far as it will go).
Repeatwith the other wheel.
3. Usingthe handlebaras a lever, roll the
tiller to a flat area.
IMPORTANT:Beforestarting the engine,
the wheels must be placedin the WHEEL
DRIVEposition (pins through wheel hubs
and wheelshaft). This procedure is
described in WheelDrive Pins in
Section 3.
Section2: Assembly
K
J
Fig. 2-2:A_achhnndleba_
H
L
Fig.2-3: WheelinFREEWHEELposition
(wheeldrivepinthroughwheelshaftonly).
7
Section2: Assembly
STEP4: Install ForwardClutchCable
1. Attachthe forward clutch cablebracket(P,
Fig. 2-4) to the handlebarsupport (A) with a
1/4"-20 x 1-1/4" hex hd.screw (R, Fig. 2-4) and
1/4"-20 hexIocknut (S). Tightensecurely.
2. Carefullyunwrap the forward clutch cable
(cablewithout a knob) from its shipping
position and slide the thin cablewire (T, Fig.2-
4) into the slot in the cable bracket. Pushthe
cableconnector (U, Fig,2-4) up through the
hole in the bracket until the groove in the
connector snaps into place,
3. Insert the #10-24 x 2" slotted hd.screw (V,
Fig. 2-5) intothe cablespring (W) until the
screw threads extend through the spring.
4. Threadthe #10-24 hex nut (Z, Fig.2-5)
halfwayonto the screw (V).
5. Threadthe screw into the cableadjuster (X).
6. Hook the cable spring (W, Fig. 2-6) into the
"W-shaped bend in the Forward Clutch Bail (Y).
7. Checkfor correct tension on the forward
drive belt bytaking two measurementsofthe
cable spring, asfollows:
a. With the Forward Clutch Sail (Y, Fig.2-6) in
an open (released) position, measurethe
length of the cable spring (W) from the
outermost coil to the outermost coi!.
b. Lift and hold the Forward Clutch Bail against
the handlebar (seeFig. 2-7) and re-measure
the length of the coils while the spring is
under tension. Thebelt tension is correct if
this second measurement is between 1/16"-
to- 3/16" longer than thefirst measurement.
If so, turn the hex nut (Z, Fig. 2-7) tightly
against thecable adjuster (X) while prevent-
ing theadjuster from turning.
c. If the spring length is incorrect, you must
adjust the cabletension asdescribed in
Checkingand Adjusting Forward Drive Belt
Tension in Section 5. Incorrect tension on the
forward drive belt can result in beltslippage
(tension too loose) or unintentional tine
movement whenthe clutch bail is in Neutral
(tension too tight),
Fig, 2-4: Installingforward clutchcable bracketand cable.
w--I
Z-- V
X--
Fig. 2-5: Assemble
springand adjuster.
w
Fig, 2-6: Install forwardclutchcable,
ii
Fig. 2-7: Tocheckforwardbelt tension,take twomeasurements ofthe
overall length ofthe coils in the spring- first with the clutchbail open,
then withthe clutch bail closed againstthe handlebar.
Section2: Assembly
STEP5: Check Level of
Transmission Gear Oil
Thetransmissionwasfilledwithgearoil
atthefactory.However,youshouldcheck
thegearoillevelto makecertainit is
correct,
IMPORTANT:Do not operatethe tiller if
thegear oil levelis low. Doingso will
result in severe damageto the transmis-
sion components,
1. With the tiller on levelground, pull the
Depth Regulator Lever (FF,Fig. 2-8) back
and thenall the way up until the lowest
notch in the leveris engaged.
2. Removethe oil fill plug (GG,Fig. 2-9)
from the transmission housing cover and
locate the main drive shaft situated inside
the housing.
3. Thegear oil level is correct if the gear
oil is approximately halfway up the side of
the maindrive shaft.
4. If the gear oil levelis low, add gear oil
by referring to A. ToCheckthe Transmis-
sion Gear Oil Level in Section 5,
STEP6: Add Motor Oil to Engine
Thetiller is shipped withoutoil in the
engine.
IMPORTANT:Do not start the engine
without first adding motor oil Severe
engine damagewill result if the engineis
run without oil.
1. Referto the separate EngineOwner's
Manual for engine oil specifications and
capacities,
2. With the tiller on levelground, move
the Depth Regulator Lever(FF,Fig, 2-8)
up or down until the engine is level.
3. Add motor eli as described in the
EngineOwner's Manual.
4. Movethe Depth Regulator Leverall
the way down until the highest notch is
engaged. This placesthe tines in the
"travel" position.
Fig. 2-8: AdjustDepthRegulator Lever.
Fig,Z-9:Removegearoilfillplug.
STEP7: Check Hardware far
Tightness
Checkall nutsandscrewsfor tightness,
STEP 8: Check Air Pressure in
Tires(unitswith pneumatictires)
If the tires areequipped with air valves,
checkthe air pressurewith a tire gauge.
Deflateor inflate thetires equallyto 15-
to-2g PSI(pounds per squareinch), Be
surethat bothtires are inflated equallyor
the unit will pull to oneside.
IMPORTANT: This completes the
assembly steps, Beforeoperatingyour
tiller, make sure you readthe following
Sections in this Manual, aswell asthe
separate Engine Owner'sManual:
Section 1:Safety
Section 3: Featuresand Controls
Section 4: Operation
9
FeaturesandControls
Before operating your machine,
carefully read end understand all
safety, controlsand operating instruc-
tions in this Manual, the separate
Engine Owner's Manual, and on the
decalson the machine.
Failure to follow these instructionscan
resultin seriouspersonalinjury.
Forward
ClutchBail
_ DepthRegulator
HandlebarHeight
Adjustment
Introduction
This section describesthe location and
function of the controls on your tiller.
Referto the following section
"Operation" for detailedoperating
instructions.
Practiceusing these controls, with the
engine shut off, until you understandthe
operation ofthe controls and feel
confident with eachof them.
IMPORTANT:Refer to the separate
enginemanufacturer's EngineOwner's
Manualfor informationabout the
controls on the engine.
Wheel Drive Pins
Never allow either ofthe wheels to be
in the FREEWHEELposition when the
engine is running. Always put both
wheels in the WHEEL DRIVE position
beforestartingthe engine.
Failure to comply could cause loss of
tiller control, property damage, or
personalinjury.
Eachwheel is equipped with aWheel
Drive Pin (A, Figures3-2 and 3-3) that
securesthe wheelto thewheel shaft (B),
Thewheels can be positioned in either a
WHEELDRIVEor a FREEWHEELmode.
10
Figure3-1: Featuresandcontrols
Beforestarting the engine,putboth
wheels in the WHEELDRIVEposition by
inserting the WheelDrive Pinsthrough
the wheel hubsand the wheel shaft. This
"locks" the wheelsto thewheel shaft,
causing the wheels to turn whenthe
Forward ClutchBail is engaged.
Use the FREEWHEELmodeonly when the
engine is not running. In FREEWHEEL,
the Wheel Drive Pinsare placed only
through the holes in the wheel shaft (not
the wheel hubs), thus allowing the wheels
to turn freely whenthe tiller is pushedor
pulled by hand.
To Place theWheels in WHEELDRIVEor
FREEWHEEL:
Do not placethe tiller on itsside when
changing the wheel drive positions as
doing so could result in gasoline
leaking fromfhefueltanko
Failure to follow this instructioncould
result in personal injury or property
damage.
Wheel DrivePin
(on eachwheel)
1. Stop the engine,disconnect the spark
plug wire from the spark plug and allow
the engine to cool.
2. Raiseone wheel off the ground and
placea sturdy support under the
transmission,
3. Removethe hairpin cotter (C, Figures
3-2 and 3-3) from the wheel drive pin (A).
4. FORWHEELDRIVEmode (Figure 3-
2): Slide the wheel outward and align the
holes in the wheelhub (D, Figure3-2) and
thewheel shaft (B), Insert the wheel drive
pin (A) through the wheelhub and the
wheel shaft, Securethe wheel drive pin
with the hairpin cotter (C) by pushing the
hairpin cotter in asfar as it will go. Repeat
for the other wheel and then removethe
support from beneaththe transmission.
5. FORFREEWHEELmode (Figure3-3):
Slide the wheel inward and insert the
wheeldrive pin (A, Figure3-3) only
through the hole in the wheelshaft (B),
Securethe wheeldrive pin with the
hairpin cotter (C) by pushing the hairpin
cotter in as far as it will go. Repeatfor the
other wheeland then removethe support
from beneaththetransmission.
Section3: FeaturesandControls
0 1
Figure3-2: WHEELDRIVEposition.
01
B
Figure33: FREEWHEELposition.
Beforestarting the engine, be sure that
both wheels are in the WHEEL DRIVE
position. See "Wheel Drive Pins" for
instructions.
Engagingthe ForwardClutchBail when
the wheels are not in the WHEELDRIVE
positioncould allowthe tines to rapidly
propelthetiller forward.
Failure to comply could cause loss of
tiller control, property damage, or
personalinjury.
Forward Clutch Bail
TheForward ClutchBail (E, Figure3-4)
controls the engagementof forward drive
to the wheels and tines.
To Operatethe ForwardClutchBail:
1. Put the wheels in theWHEELDRIVE
position (seethe "WARNING"statement
above),
2. Lift and hold the bail against the
handlebar. Thewheels and tines wilt
rotate in a forward direction.
3. Releasethe bail to disengage (stop)
the wheels andtines. All forward motion
will stop (the engine will continue to run).
'E
Figure34: ForwardClutchBail(E).
DepthRegulatorLever
This lever (G,Figure 3-5) controls the
tilling depth of the tines. Pull the lever
straight back and slide it up or down to
engagethe notched height settings.
Thehighest notch (leverall the way down)
raisesthe tines approximately 1-1/2' off
the ground. This "travel" setting allows
the tiller to be moved without the tines
digging into the ground. Also usethis
setting when starting the engine.
Move the lever upwardto increasethe
tilling depth. Thelowest notch allows a
tilling depth of approximately 6",
depending on soi! conditions.
Forbestresults,always begintilling at
a veryshallow depthsettingand
graduallyincreasethe tilling depth.
Travel
Position ,_ G
Deep
gs
Figure3-5,"DepthRegulatorLever (G).
Do notattempttotill 1o0deeplytoo
quickly.Graduallyworkdownto
deepertilling depths.
Place the Depth Regulator Lever in
the "travel" position before starting
the engine. This position prevents
the tines from touching the ground
until youare readyto begintilling.
Failure to follow this warning could
result in personal injury or property
damage.
HandlebarHeightAdjustment
The handlebar height is adjustable to
three different settings (see Figure3-6).
As a generalrule, adjust the handlebars
so they are at waist levelwhen the tines
are 3"-4"into the soil.
To AdjusttheHandlebars:
1. Stop the engine,disconnect the spark
plug wire from the spark plug and allow
the engineto cool.
2. Removethe screws, Iockwashers and
nuts, reposition the handlebars,and
reinstall the hardware.
Figure3-6:Handlebarheightadjustment.
ENGINECONTROLS
Referto the enginemanufacturer's Engine
Owner's Manual (included in the tiller lit-
eraturepackage)to identify the controls
on your engine,
IMPORTANT:Thecontrol for stopping the
engine islocatedon the engine.
11
n
Operation
Before operating your machine,
carefully read and understandall safety
(Section 1), controls (Section 3) and
operating instructions (Section 4) in
this Manual, in the separate Engine
Owner'sManual, and on the decals on
the machine.
Failureto follow these instructionscan
resultin seriouspersona]injury.
\
ForwardClutchBail
_lator Lever
INTRODUCTION
Readthis Section of the manualthor-
oughly beforeyou start the engine, Then,
takethe time to familiarizeyourself with
the basic operation of the tiller before
using it in the garden, Findan open, level
areaand practice using thetiller controls
without the tines engaging the soil (put
tines in "travel" setting), Onlyafter
you've becomecompletely familiar with
the tiller should you begin using it in the
garden.
BREAK-IN OPERATION
Perform the following maintenance
during thefirst hours of new operation
(see"Maintenance" Section in this
Manualand in the Engine Owner's
Manual).
1. Changeengine oil after first 2 hours of
new engineoperation,
2. Checkfor looseor missing hardware
on unit. Tighten or replaceas needed.
3. Checktension on forward drive belt
after first 2 hours of operation.
4. Checktransmission gear oil level after
first 2 hours of operation.
Recoil Starter
Figure4-1
STARTINGANDSTOPPING
THE ENGINE
Pro-StartChecklist
Makethe following checks and perform
thefollowing services beforestarting the
engine.
1. Readthe "Safety" and "Controls"
Sections in this Manual. Readthe
separateEngineOwner's Manualprovided
bythe engine manufacturer.
2. Checkthat the wheels are in the
WHEELDRIVEposition (wheel pins must
be through the wheel hubs and thewheel
shaft holes).
3. Checkunit for looseor missing
hardware. Serviceas required.
4. Checkengine oil level. SeeEngine
Owner's Manual.
5. Checkthat all safety guards and
covers are in place,
6. Checkair cleanerand engine cooling
system. SeeEngineOwner's Manual,
7. Attach spark plug wire to spark plug.
Wheel DrivePin
(on eachwheel)
GASOLINEIS HIGHLYFLAMMABLEAND
ITS VAPORSAREEXPLOSIVE.
Follow gasoline safety rules in this
Manual (see Section 1) and in the
separateEngineOwner'sManual.
Failure to follow gasoline safety
instructions can result in serious
personalinjuryand propertydamage.
8. Fillthefuel tank with gasoline
according to the directions in the separate
EngineOwner's Manual, Follow all
instructions and safety rules carefully.
12
Section4: Operation
Starting the Engine
Thefollowing steps describe how to start
and stop the engine. Do notattemptto
engagefhe tines or wheelsuntil you
haveread all ofthe operatinginstruc-
tionsin this Section. Alsoreview
the safetyrules in Section1: Safetyand
thetiller and engine controls
informaUonin Section3: Featuresand
Controls.
To help prevent serious
personal injury or damage to
equipment:
Before starting engine, put both
wheels in the WHEELDRIVEposition.
Never have the wheels in the
FREEWHEEL position when the
engine is running. When the wheels
are in FREEWHEEL,they do not hold
back the tiller and the tines could
propelthe tiller rapidlyforward.
Before starting engine, put Forward
Clutch Bail in neutral (disengaged)
positionby releasinglever.
Never run engine indoors or ifl
enclosed, poorly ventilated areas.
Engine exhaust contains carbon
monoxide, an odorless and deadly
gas.
*Avoid engine muffler and nearby
areas. Temperatures in these areas
may exceed150°F.
1. Completethe Pre-Start Checkliston
the previous page.
2. Putthe wheels in the WHEELDRIVE
position (see WheelDrive Pinsin
Section 3).
3. Putthe Depth Regulator Leverin the
"travel" position (lever all the way down)
so that thetines are clear of the ground.
4. Releaseall controls on the tiller.
5. If engine is equipped with a fuel valve,
turn valve to open position as instructed
in the separateEngine Owner's Manual.
6. PutThrottle Control Leveron engine in
"ON", "RUN", "FAST"or "START"position
asinstructed in the separateEngine
Owner's Manual.
7. Chokeor prime engineas instructed in
the separate EngineOwner's Manual.
8. Placeone hand on the fuel tank to
stabilizethe unit whenyou pull the starter
handle. Usethe recoil starter rope to start
the engine as instructed in the separate
EngineOwner's Manual. When engine
starts, graduallymove choke lever(on
enginesso equipped)to "NO CHOKE",
"CHOKEOFF"or "RUN" position.
9. Usethe "FAST"throttle speedsetting
when tilling.
Keepaway from rotatingtines. Rotating
tines will causeinjury.
Stoppingthe Engineend Tiller
1. To stop the wheels andtines, release
the Forward Clutch Bail,
2. To stop the engine,put the Throttle
Control Leveron the engine in the "OFF"
or "STOP" position.
OPERATINGTHETILLER
The following pagesprovide guidelinesto
using your tiller effectively and safelyin
various gardening applications. Besure
to read Tilling Tips & Techniquesin this
Section beforeyou actually putthe tines
into the soil,
This is a traditional "standard-rotating-
tine" (SRT)tiller with forward rotating
tines. It operates completely differently
from "counter-rotating-tine" (CRT)tillers
or from front-tine tillers.
1. Follow the Pre-StartCheckliston the
previous page. Besure that thewheels
are in the WHEELDRIVEposition.
2. Putthe Depth Regulator Lever in the
"travel" position (lever all the way down)
sothat the tines are clear ofthe ground,
Usethis position when practicing with
your tiller or when moving to or from the
garden. When you are readyto begin
tilling, you must move the Depth
Regulator Leverto the desireddepth
setting (see Tilling Tips & Techniques).
3. Start the engineand allow itto warm
up. Whenwarm, put throttle control in
fast speed setting,
4. For forward motion of thewheels and
tines:
Figure4-2: Useonehandtoguidetiller
whenmovingforward.
(a)
(b)
Pull the Forward Clutch Bail up and
hold it againstthe handlebar. Release
the bail to stop forward motion of the
wheels and tines.
Asthe tiller movesforward, relaxand
letthe wheels pui! the unit along while
the tines dig. Walk behind and a little
to one side of the tiller. Usea light
but secure grip with one hand onthe
handlebars, but keepyour arm loose,
See Figure4-2. Letthe tiller move
aheadat its own paceand do not push
down on the handlebarsto try and
force the tiller to dig deeper-this
takesweight off the wheels, reduces
traction, and causesthe tines to try
and propel thetiller.
13
Section4: Operation
Donot pushdownonthe handlebarsto
tryto make thetiller till more deeply.
Thispreventsthewheels from holding
thetiller backandcanallow thetines
to rapidlypropelthe filler forward,
whichcouldresultin lossofcontrol,
properlydamage, or personalinjury.
5. To move the unit rearward:
(a) Look behind and exercisecaution
when moving in reverse. Do nottill
while in reverse.
(b) Releasethe Forward Clutch Bail.
(c) Tilt the handlebar slightly upward until
the tines are out of the soil.
(d) Swingthe handlebarto the left so the
right wheeltakesa "step" backward.
Next movethe handlebarto the right so
the left wheeltakesa "step" backward.
(e) Repeatto "walk" the tiller rearward. If
longer distances needto be covered in
reverse,shut off the engine,then place
thetwo wheels in FREEWHEEL.
6. ToTurn the Tiller Around:
(a) Practiceturning the tiller in a level,
open area. Bevery carefulto keep
your feet and legsaway fromthe tines.
(b) To makea turn, lift the handlebars
until the engineand tines are balanced
over the wheels (Figure4-4). The
tines must beout of the ground while
turning the tiller.
(c) With the tiller balanced,pushsideways
on the handlebar to move the tiller in
the direction of the turn (Figure4-5).
After completing the turn, slowly lower
the tines into the soil to resume tilling.
Figure4-3: Raisetines offgroundand look
behind whenmoving in reverse. Unitcanbe
"fishtailed" backwardmanually fora short
distance, orrolled backwardwhen wheels
are in FREEWHEEL.)
SteppingtheTiller andEngine
1. To stop the wheels and tines, release
the ForwardClutch Bail.
2. To stop the engine, put theThrottle
Control Leveron the engine in the "OFF"
or "STOP" position.
Beforetilling, contactyourtelephoneor
utilities companyand inquire if under-
groundequipmentor lines are used in
your area. Their representativewill be
glad to answer your questionsand tell
yon if any of their equipment or lines
are buried underground on your
property.
I Turningthe Tiller Around
Figure4-4: Tobegin turn, lift handlebars
until engineand tinesare balancedover
wheels. Besure tinesare outof ground.
Figure4-5". Withtiller balancedover
wheels (andtinesout of the ground),
push handlebarssideways to turn ti!ler.
14
Section4: Operation
TillingTips& Techniques
Letthe tiller dothework
Whiletilling, relaxand letthe wheels
pull the tiller along while the tines do
the digging. Walk on the sidethat is
not yet finished (to avoid making foot-
prints in the freshly tilled soil) and
lightly, but securely grip the handlebar
with just one hand.See Figure4-2.
Avoid pushing down on the handlebars
in an attempt to force the tiller to dig
deeper. Doing so takesthe weight off
the powered wheels,causing them to
lose traction. Without the wheels
helping to hold the tiller back,the tines
will attempt to propelthetiller - often
causing the tiller to skip rapidly across
the ground. (Sometimes, slight
downward pressure on the handlebars
will help getthrough a particularly
tough section of sod or unbroken
ground, but in most casesthis won't be
necessaryat all.)
Tilling depths
Avoid trying to dig too deeplytoo
quickly, especially whenbusting sod or
tilling soil that hasn't been tilled for
some time. Use shallow depth settings
(only an inch or two deep) for the first
passesthrough the garden area. With
eachsucceeding pass,adjust the depth
regulatorto dig another inch or two
deeper, (Watering the garden area a
few days prior to tilling will make tilling
easier, aswill letting the newly worked
soil set for a day or two beforemaking
a final, deeptilling pass.)
Whencultivating (breakingup the
surfacesoil around plants to help
destroy weeds),useveryshallow depth
settings to preventinjuryto plantswhose
rootsoften growcloseto the surface. If
needed,lift up on thehandlebarsslightly
to preventthetines from diggingtoo
deeply. Cultivatingon a regularbasisnot
onlyeliminatesweeds,it alsoloosens
andaeratesthesoil for bettermoisture
absorptionandfasterplantgrowth.)
Avoidtillingwet, soggysoil
Tilling wet soil often results in large,
hard clumps of soil that can interfere
with planting. If time permits, wait a day
or two after heavyrainsto allow the soil
to dry beforetilling. Testthe soil by
squeezingit into a ball. If it compresses
too easily, it is too wet to till.
Avoidmakingfootprints
Whenpossible,walk onthe untilledside
of the unitto avoid makingfootprints in
thefreshlytilled soil. Footprintscause
soil compaction that canhamperroot
penetrationand contributeto soil erosion.
Theycanalso"plant" unwantedweed
seedsbackinto the newlytilled soil.
Choosingcorrectwheel
and tine speeds
With experience,you will find the "just
right" tilling depth and tilling speed com-
bination that is best for your garden.
Setthe engine throttle lever ata speedto
givethe engine adequatepower and yet
allow it to operateat the slowest possible
speed...atleast until you haveachieved
the maximum tilling depth you desire.
Fasterenginespeeds may be desirable
when making final passesthrough the
seedbedor when cultivating. Selection of
the correct engine speed, in relation to
the tilling depth, witl ensure a sufficient
power levelto do the job without causing
the engineto labor.
Suggestedtilling patterns
When preparing a seedbed,go over the
same pathtwice in the first row, then
overlapone-half the tiller width on the
rest of the passes(seeFigure4-6).
Whenfinished in one direction, make a
second pass ata right angle as shown
in Figure4-7. Overlapeachpass for
best results (in very hard ground it
may takethree or four passesto thor-
oughly pulverizethe soil).
If the garden sizewill not permit
lengthwise and then crosswise tilling,
then overlapthe first passesby one-
half a tiller width, followed by succes-
sive passesat one-quarter width (see
Figure4-8),
With planning, you can allow enough
room betweenrows to cultivate (see
Figure4-9). Leaveroom for the hood
width, plus enough extra room for
future plant growth.
Figure4-6
Figure4.7
.d
Figure4-8
.guro,-gIOI@I®I
15
Section4: Operation
TillingTips& Techniques
Clearingthe tines
Thetines havea self-clearing action
which helps to eliminate most tangling
of debris. However, occasionally dry
grass, stringy stalks or tough vines may
become tangled. Follow these proce-
dures to help avoid tangling andto clear
the tines, if necessary.
To reducetangling, set the depth
regulator deepenough to get maximum
"chopping" action asthe tines chop the
material againstthe ground. Also, try
to till under crop residues or cover
crops while they are green,moist and
tender.
While power composting, try swaying
the handlebarsfrom side to side (about
6"to 12°). This "fishtailing" action
often clears the tines of debris.
If tangling occurs on models equipped
with a poweredreverse,lift the tines
out of the soil and run thetiller in
reversefor a few feet. This reversing
action should unwind a good deal of
debris.
It may be necessaryto remove the
debris by hand (a pocket knife will help
you to cut away the material).
Beforeclearing the tines byhand, stop
the engine, allow all moving parts to
stop and disconnect the spark plug
wire.
Failure to follow this warning could
resultin personalinjury.
Tilling onslopes
If you must garden on sloping ground,
deasefollow two very important guide-
lines:
1.Till only on moderate slopes, neveron
steepinclines wherefooting is difficult
(review safety rules in the "Safety"
Section of this Manual).
2. Werecommend tilling up and down
slopes rather thanterracing. Tilling
vertically on a slope allows maximum
planting area andalso leavesroom for
cultivating.
IMPORTANT: Whentilling on slopes, be
;urethe correct oil level is maintained in
the engine (checkevery one-half hour of
operation). The inclineof the slopewill
causethe oil to slant awayfrom its
normal level andthis canstarve engine
_artsof required lubrication. Keepthe
engine eli levelat thefull point at all
times!
A. Tilling up and downslopes:
-To keepsoil erosion to a minimum, be
sureto add enough organic matter to
the soil so that it hasgood moisture-
holding texture and try to avoid leaving
footprints or wheel marks.
Whentilling vertically, try to makethe
first pass uphill asthe tiller digs more
deeplygoing uphill than it does
downhill. In soft soil or weeds,you
may haveto lift the handlebarsslightly
while going uphill. When going
downhill, overlapthe first pass by
aboutone-half the width of thetiller.
B. TerraceGardening:
Whena slope is too steep or too short
for vertical tilling, it may be necessary
to till acrossthe slope and create
terraced rows. Terracesare rows that
are cut intothe side of a slope, creating
a narrow, but flat areaon which to
plant.
Ona long slope, you can makeseveral
terraces, one below the other.
Terracesshould be only 2-to-3 feet
wide. Diggingtoo far intothe side of
the slope will expose poor subsoil that
is unproductive for plants.
To create a terrace,start at thetop of
the slopeand work down. Go back and
forth across the first row as shown in
Figure4-10.
Eachsucceeding lower terrace is
started by walking below the terrace
you're preparing. Foradded stability of
the tiller, always keepthe uphill wheel
in the soft, newly tilled soil Do not till
the last 12"or more of the downhill
outside edgeof eachterrace. This
untilled strip helps prevents the
terracesfrom breaking apart and
washing downhill. It also provides a
walking path between rows.
o::ll *
O _ _""EPEAT
Figure4.10
C.Tilling across slopeswithout using
terraces:
If vertical or terracing gardening aren't
practical for you, then you cantill
laterally across a slope. We don't
reallyrecommend this method as it can
create unsurefooting and invites soil
erosion.
As in terrace gardening, start atthe top
of the slope and overlapthe first pass
by halfthe width of the tiller. For added
stability of the tiller, always keepthe
uphill wheel in the soft, newlytilled soil.
16
Section4: Operation
POWERCOMPOSTING
Power composting simply meanstilling
under and burying in the soil all manner
of organic matter such as crop residues,
leaves,grass clippings and cover crops.
This materialwill decomposeduring the
non-growing season and add important
natural nutrients to the soil.
When power composting,do not keep
the Depth Regulator Lever at a deep
settingifthe tiller jumpsorbucks.
Ifjumping or buckingoccurs,movethe
DepthRegulator Lever down to one of
the shallower settingsand then slowly
increase the tilling depth on later
passes.
Failure to comply could result in loss
of tiller control, property damage or
personalinjury.
The firstplaceto begin iswith crop
residues such asleftover vines, stalks,
stems and roots. Powercompost these
crop residues assoon asthey finish
bearing. Thesooner this is done,the
better, astender green matter is easierto
till under. Usethe deepest depth
regulator setting possible without causing
the engineto labor or the tiller to jump
ahead.
Standing cornstalks of reasonableheight
can be power composted. Pushing over
(but not uprooting) cornstalks will often
make it easierfor your tiller to chop up
the stalks. Keepthe tines clearof
excessivetangling by "fishtailing" or fre-
quently using reverse. Make several
passes,then return a few days laterto
finish off any remaining stubble.
After tilling under crop residues,add more
organic matter such as leaves,grass
clippings and even kitchenscraps. When
tilled into the soil, this organic matterwill
decompose and add evenmore important
nutrients to the soil.
After power composting, you may want to
plant a "green manure" cover crop to
protect the soil during the off-season.
You simply grow a crop of clover, alfalfa,
buckwheat, peas,beans, rye grass, grain,
or kaleand then till it into the soi! prior to
the planting season.
LOADINGAND UNLOADINGTHE
TILLER
Loadingand unloadingthe tiller intoa
vehicle is potentially hazardous and
we don't recommend doingso unless
absolutely necessary, as this could
result in personal injury or property
damage.
However, if you must load or unload
the tiller, to!low the guidelines given
next.
Beforeloading or unloading, stop the
engine,wait for all parts to stop moving,
disconnect the spark plug wire and let
the engine and muffler cool.
The tiller is too heavyand bulky to lift
safely by one person. Two or more
people should sharethe load.
Usesturdy ramps and manually (engine
shut off) roll the tiller into and out of the
vehicle. Two or more peopleare needed
to do this.
Ramps must be strong enoughto
support the combined weight of the tiller
and any handlers. Theramps should
provide good traction to prevent
slipping; they should haveside rails to
guide the tiller along the ramps; andthey
should havea locking device to secure
them to thevehicle.
The handlersshould wear sturdy
footwear that will help to prevent
slipping.
Position the loading vehicle sothat the
ramp angle is asfiat as possible (the
less incline to the ramp, the better).
Turn the vehicle's engineoff and apply
its parking brake.
When going up ramps, stand in the
normal operating position and push the
tiller ahead of you. Havea personat
eachsideto turn the wheels.
* When going down ramps, walk
backwardwith the tiller following you.
Keepalertfor any obstacles behindyou.
Position a person at eachwheelto
control the speedof the tiller. Nevergo
down ramps tilter-first, asthetiller could
tip forward.
Usewooden blocks to placeon the
downhill side of the wheels if you need
to stop the tiller from rolling down the
ramp. Also, usethe blocks to temporar-
ily keepthe tiller in placeon the ramps
(if necessary),and to chock the wheels
in placeafter the tiller is in the vehicle.
Whenthe tiller is in the vehicle, prevent
it from rolling by engaging thewheels in
the WHEELDRIVEposition. Chockthe
wheels with blocks and securelytie the
tiller down.
17
n
Maintenance
Before inspecting, cleaning or
servicingthe machine, shutoffengine,
wait for all moving partsto come to e
complete stop, disconnectspark plug
wire and move wire away from spark
plug. Remove ignitionkey on electric
start models.
Failureto followthese instructionscan
result in serious personal injury or
propertydamage.
REQUIRED MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE
Before Eve_ Eve_ As
PROCEDURE Each 10 30 Noted
Use Hou_ Hon_
Checkengine oil level
Cleanengine
Checkdrive belttension
Checknuts and bolts
Changeengine oil
Lubricate tiller
Service engineair cleanersystem
Checkgearoil levelin
transmission
Checktines for wear
Checktire pressure
(pneumatic tires only)
Service spark plug
And every5
operating hours
-r
* Changemorefrequentlyindustyordirtyconditions. Changeafterfirst2hoursof
break-in operation,
_ Checkafter first 2 hours of break-in operation.
SeeEngineOwner'sManual forservice intervalsandinstructions.
18
Section5: Maintenance
WARNINGBelore inspecting,cleaning or servicingthe unit, shut off engine, wait for all t =,.-.,.
partsto cometo a completestop, disconnectspark plug wire and movewire away from spark
plug. Failure to follow these instructions can result in serious personal injury or
propertydamage.
TILLER LUBRICATION
Proper lubrication of the tiller is an
essential part of your maintenance
program. After every t0 operating
hours, oil or greasethe lubrication points
shown in Figure5-1 and described
below.
Usea good quality lubricating oil (#30
weight engine oil is suitable) and agood
quality general purpose grease(grease
that has a metal lubricant is preferred, if
available).
Removewheels, cleanwheelshaft (A,
Fig.5-1) and apply thin coating of
greaseto shaft.
Greaseback,front and sides of depth
regulator lever(g, Fig. 5-1).
Removetines, clean tine shafts (C, Fig.
5-1) and inspect for rust, rough spots
or burrs (especially around holes). File
or sand smooth and coat ends of shaft
with grease.
Oilthe threadson the handlebar height
adjustment screws andthe handlebar
attachingscrews (D, Fig. 5-1).
D
A
Figure5-I
CHECKFOR OILLEAKS
Beforeeach use, checkyour tiller for
signs of an oil leak- usually a dirty, oily
accumulation either on the unit or on the
floor where it has beenparked.
A little seepagearound a cover or oil sea]
is usually nota cause for alarm. However,
ifthe oil drips overnight then immediate
attention is neededas ignoring a leakcan
result in severetransmission damage.
If a cover isleaking, check for loose
screws. If thescrews are tight, a new
gasket or oil sealmay be required. If the
leakis from around a shaft and oil seal,
the oil seal probably needsto be replaced.
Seeyour authorized dealer or contact the
factory for service or advice.
IMPORTANT:Never operatethe tiller if the
transmission is low on oil. Checkthe oil
levelafter every30 hours of operation and
whenever there is any oil leakage.
CHECK HARDWARE
Checkfor looseor missing hardwareafter
every10 operating hours. Tighten or
replacehardwarebeforeusing the tiller.
Besureto checkthe screws underneath
the tiller hood (lift the hood flap) that
securethe transmission cover andthe
Depth Regulator Leverto the transmis-
sion.
CHECKTIREPRESSURE(Models
withpneumatictires)
Checkthe air pressure inboth tires.
Deflateor inflate both tires evenly from
t 5-to-20 PSI (pounds per square inch).
Besure that both tires havethe same air
pressure or the unit will tend to pull to
one side.
TRANSMISSIONGEAROIL SERVICE
Checkthe transmission gear oil leveiafter
every 30 hours of operation or whenever
you notice anyoil leak, Operatingthe
tiller when the transmission is low on oil
canresult in severe damage.
A. To Checkthe Transmission
GearOil Level:
1. Checkthe gear oil levelwhen thetrans-
mission is cool. Gearoil will expandin
warm operating temperatures and this
expansion will provide an incorrect oil
levelreading.
2. With the tiiler on levelground, pull the
Depth Regulator Leverall the way up.
3. Removethe oil fill plug (A, Fig.5-2)
from the transmission housing and locate
the main drive shaft situated insidethe
housing.
4. Thegear oil level is correct ifthe gear
oil is approximately halfway up the side of
the main drive shaft.
5. If the gear oil levelis low, add gear oil
as described next. If the gear oil levelis
okay,securely replacethe oil fill plug.
IMPORTANT:Do not operatethe tiller if
the gear oil level is Iow. Doing so will
result in severedamageto the transmis-
sion components.
8. If adding only afew ounces of gear
oil, useAPI rated GL-4 or GL-5 gear oil
having a viscosity of SAE140, SAE85W-
140 or SAE80W-90. if refilling an empty
transmission, use only GL-4 gear oil
having a viscosity of SAE85W-140 or
SAE140.
IMPORTANT: Do not useautomatic
transmission fluid or motor oil inthe
transmission.
7. While checking frequently to avoid
overfilling, slowly add gear oil into the oil
fill hole until it reaches the halfway point
on the drive shaft.
8. Securely replacethe oiI fill plug,
B. To Drainthe TransmissionGearOil:
Thetransmission gear oil does not need
to be changedunless it has been contam-
inated with dirt, sand or metal particles.
1. Draingasoline from the fuel tank or
run the engine until the fueI tank is
empty_See"DANGER" statementthat
follows.
19
Section5: Maintenance
WARNING Before inspecting,cleaningor servicingthe unit, shut off engine, wait for all i
partsto cometo a completestop, disconnectsparkplug wire and movewire away fromspark
plug. Failure to foliowthese instructions can result in serious personal injury or
propertydamage.
Gasoline is highly flammable and its
vapors are explosive. Follow these
safety practices to prevent personal
injury or propertydamage from fire or
explosion.
,, Allow the engine and muffler to cool
for at leasttwo minutesbefore draining
thetiller's gasolinetank.
Do not allow open flames, sparks,
matchesor smokingin the area.
* Wipe away spills and pushtiller away
fromspilled fuel.
Use only an approvedfuel container
and store it safely out of the reach of
children.
Do not store gasoline in an area
where its vapors could reach an open
flame or spark, or where ignition
sourcesare present(such as hot water
and space heaters, furnaces, clothes
dryers,stoves, electricmotors,etc.)
2. Drainthe oil from the engine.
3. Removefour screws (B, Figure5-2) and
removetransmission cover and gasket.
4. Removethe left-side wheel.
5. Tilt the left-side wheelshaft into a
drain pan and allow the gear oil to drain
through thetop of the transmission,
6. Reinstallthe wheel, install a new
gasketcover (do not reuseold gasket)
and reinstall the transmission cover.
7. Refill the transmission using GL-4
gear oil (SAE85W-140 or SAE 140).
8. Refill the engine with motor oil and
replenish the fuel tank with gasoline.
BOLOTINES
The bolo tines will wearwith useand they
should be inspectedatthe beginning of
eachtilling seasonand after every 30
operating hours. The tines can be
replacedindividually or as a complete set.
Seethe Parts Listfor tine identification
and part numbers,
2O
Figure5-2: Remove oil fiRplug (A) to check
gear ofl level and toadd gear niL Remove
fourcoverscrews(B) todraingear oil.
A, Tine Inspection:
With use,thetines will becomeshorter,
narrowerand pointed. Badlyworn tines
will result in aloss of tilling depth and
reducedeffectivenesswhenchopping up
and turning under organic matter.
B. Removinga Single Tine:
1. With the engine shot offandthe spark
plug wire disconnected, removethe two
screws (A, Figure5-3) and Iocknuts (B)
that attach a singletine to the tine holder.
If needed,use penetrating oil on the nuts.
2. When installing a single tine, besure to
position it sothat its cutting edge will
enter thesoil first asthe tiller moves
forward.
C. Removinga TineAssembly:
1. A tine assembly consists of eighttines
mounted on atine holder.
2. If removing bothtine assemblies,mark
them "left" and "right" before removal.
Removethe screw (C, Figure5-3) and
Iocknut (D)that secure thetine assembly
to the tine shaft. If necessary,usea
rubber mallet to tap the tine assembly
outward off the shaft.
3. Beforereinstalling thetine assembly,
inspect thetine shaft for rust, rough
spots or burrs andfile or sandas needed.
Apply a thin coat of greaseto the shaft.
4. Install eachtine assembly so that the
cutting edge of the tines will enter the
soil first when thetiller movesforward.
Securethe tine assembly to thetine shaft
using the screw and Iocknut previously
removed.
ENGINE
C
B
Figure5-3: Install tinessothatcuttingedgeof tinesenter softfirst whentiller movesforward.
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Troybilt 12213 Owner's manual

Category
Mini tillers
Type
Owner's manual

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