Campbell Scientific CS475A Owner's manual

Brand: Campbell Scientific

Model: CS475A

Category: Measuring, testing & control

Type: Owner's manual

Revision: 02/2020

Campbell Scientific, Inc.

Limited warranty

“Products manufactured by CSI are warranted by CSI to be free from defects in materials and

workmanship under normal use and service for twelve months from the date of shipment unless

otherwise specified in the corresponding product manual. (Product manuals are available for

review online at www.campbellsci.com.) Products not manufactured by CSI, but that are resold by

CSI, are warranted only to the limits extended by the original manufacturer. Batteries, fine-wire

thermocouples, desiccant, and other consumables have no warranty. CSI’s obligation under this

warranty is limited to repairing or replacing (at CSI’s option) defective Products, which shall be

the sole and exclusive remedy under this warranty. The Customer assumes all costs of removing,

reinstalling, and shipping defective Products to CSI. CSI will return such Products by surface

carrier prepaid within the continental United States of America. To all other locations, CSI will

return such Products best way CIP (port of entry) per Incoterms

2010. This warranty shall not

apply to any Products which have been subjected to modification, misuse, neglect, improper

service, accidents of nature, or shipping damage. This warranty is in lieu of all other warranties,

expressed or implied. The warranty for installation services performed by CSI such as

programming to customer specifications, electrical connections to Products manufactured by CSI,

and Product specific training, is part of CSI's product warranty. CSI EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS AND

EXCLUDES ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR

PURPOSE. CSI hereby disclaims, to the fullest extent allowed by applicable law, any and all

warranties and conditions with respect to the Products, whether express, implied or statutory,

other than those expressly provided herein.”

Assistance

Products may not be returned without prior authorization. The following contact information is

for US and international customers residing in countries served by Campbell Scientific, Inc.

directly. Affiliate companies handle repairs for customers within their territories. Please visit

www.campbellsci.com to determine which Campbell Scientific company serves your country.

To obtain a Returned Materials Authorization (RMA) number, contact CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC,

INC., phone (435) 227-9000. Please write the issued RMA number clearly on the outside of the

shipping container. Campbell Scientific’s shipping address is:

CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC, INC.

RMA#_____

815 West 1800 North

Logan, Utah 84321-1784

For all returns, the customer must fill out a “Statement of Product Cleanliness and

Decontamination” form and comply with the requirements specified in it. The form is available

from our website at www.campbellsci.com/repair. A completed form must be either emailed to

repair@campbellsci.com or faxed to (435) 227-9106. Campbell Scientific is unable to process any

returns until we receive this form. If the form is not received within three days of product receipt

or is incomplete, the product will be returned to the customer at the customer’s expense.

Campbell Scientific reserves the right to refuse service on products that were exposed to

contaminants that may cause health or safety concerns for our employees.

Safety

DANGER — MANY HAZARDS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH INSTALLING, USING, MAINTAINING, AND WORKING ON OR AROUND TRIPODS,

TOWERS, AND ANY ATTACHMENTS TO TRIPODS AND TOWERS SUCH AS SENSORS, CROSSARMS, ENCLOSURES, ANTENNAS, ETC. FAILURE

TO PROPERLY AND COMPLETELY ASSEMBLE, INSTALL, OPERATE, USE, AND MAINTAIN TRIPODS, TOWERS, AND ATTACHMENTS, AND

FAILURE TO HEED WARNINGS, INCREASES THE RISK OF DEATH, ACCIDENT, SERIOUS INJURY, PROPERTY DAMAGE, AND PRODUCT FAILURE.

TAKE ALL REASONABLE PRECAUTIONS TO AVOID THESE HAZARDS. CHECK WITH YOUR ORGANIZATION'S SAFETY COORDINATOR (OR

POLICY) FOR PROCEDURES AND REQUIRED PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT PRIOR TO PERFORMING ANY WORK.

Use tripods, towers, and attachments to tripods and towers only for purposes for which they are designed. Do not exceed design limits. Be

familiar and comply with all instructions provided in product manuals. Manuals are available at www.campbellsci.com or by telephoning

(435) 227-9000 (USA). You are responsible for conformance with governing codes and regulations, including safety regulations, and the

integrity and location of structures or land to which towers, tripods, and any attachments are attached. Installation sites should be evaluated

and approved by a qualified engineer. If questions or concerns arise regarding installation, use, or maintenance of tripods, towers,

attachments, or electrical connections, consult with a licensed and qualified engineer or electrician.

General

l Prior to performing site or installation work, obtain required approvals and permits. Comply with all governing structure-height

regulations, such as those of the FAA in the USA.

l Use only qualified personnel for installation, use, and maintenance of tripods and towers, and any attachments to tripods and

towers. The use of licensed and qualified contractors is highly recommended.

l Read all applicable instructions carefully and understand procedures thoroughly before beginning work.

l Wear a hardhat and eye protection, and take other appropriate safety precautions while working on or around tripods and towers.

l Do not climb tripods or towers at any time, and prohibit climbing by other persons. Take reasonable precautions to secure tripod

and tower sites from trespassers.

l Use only manufacturer recommended parts, materials, and tools.

Utility and Electrical

l You can be killed or sustain serious bodily injury if the tripod, tower, or attachments you are installing, constructing, using, or

maintaining, or a tool, stake, or anchor, come in contact with overhead or underground utility lines.

l Maintain a distance of at least one-and-one-half times structure height, 20 feet, or the distance required by applicable law,

whichever is greater, between overhead utility lines and the structure (tripod, tower, attachments, or tools).

l Prior to performing site or installation work, inform all utility companies and have all underground utilities marked.

l Comply with all electrical codes. Electrical equipment and related grounding devices should be installed by a licensed and qualified

electrician.

Elevated Work and Weather

l Exercise extreme caution when performing elevated work.

l Use appropriate equipment and safety practices.

l During installation and maintenance, keep tower and tripod sites clear of un-trained or non-essential personnel. Take precautions to

prevent elevated tools and objects from dropping.

l Do not perform any work in inclement weather, including wind, rain, snow, lightning, etc.

Maintenance

l Periodically (at least yearly) check for wear and damage, including corrosion, stress cracks, frayed cables, loose cable clamps, cable

tightness, etc. and take necessary corrective actions.

l Periodically (at least yearly) check electrical ground connections.

WHILE EVERY ATTEMPT IS MADE TO EMBODY THE HIGHEST DEGREE OF SAFETY IN ALL CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC PRODUCTS, THE CUSTOMER

ASSUMES ALL RISK FROM ANY INJURY RESULTING FROM IMPROPER INSTALLATION, USE, OR MAINTENANCE OF TRIPODS, TOWERS, OR

ATTACHMENTS TO TRIPODS AND TOWERS SUCH AS SENSORS, CROSSARMS, ENCLOSURES, ANTENNAS, ETC.

Table of contents

1. Introduction 1

2. Precautions 1

3. Initial inspection 2

4. QuickStart 2

5. Overview 5

5.1 Components and hardware 7

6. Specifications 7

6.1 Radar unit 8

6.2 Environmental 9

6.3 Physical 9

7. Installation 10

7.1 Wiring to data logger 10

7.1.1 Built-in self-test (BIST) 11

7.2 Data logger programming 11

7.2.1 SDI-12 programming 12

7.3 Site selection 12

7.4 Mount and align sensor 13

7.5 Determine and set reference stage 16

8. Operation 17

8.1 Default settings 17

8.2 Configuring sensor using Device Configuration Utility 18

8.3 Updating operating system 20

8.4 Configuring sensor via extended SDI-12 commands and terminal emulator 21

8.5 SDI-12 measurement commands 37

9. Diagnostics, repair, and maintenance 41

9.1 Testing procedure 41

9.2 Cyclic redundancy check 41

9.3 Diagnostics 42

Table of Contents - iv

9.4 Maintenance 42

Appendix A. Importing Short Cut code into CRBasic Editor 43

Appendix B. Example programs 44

Appendix C. SDI-12 version 1.4 identify measurement commands and

responses 46

Appendix D. FCC/IC equipment authorization (USA/Canada only) 49

Table of Contents - v

1. Introduction

The CS475A radar sensor monitors the water level of rivers, lakes, tidal seas, and reservoirs, and is

ideal for areas where submersed sensors can be damaged due to corrosion, contamination,

flood-related debris, lightning, or vandalism. It outputs a digital SDI-12 signal to indicate

distance and stage. All contemporary Campbell Scientific data loggers can read the SDI-12 signal.

NOTE:

This manual provides information only for CRBasic data loggers. The CS475A is also

compatible with many of our retired Edlog data loggers. For Edlog data logger support,

contact Campbell Scientific.

2. Precautions

l READ AND UNDERSTAND the Safety (p. iii) section at the front of this manual.

l Follow country-specific installation standards, prevailing safety regulations, accident

prevention rules, and this manual’s safety instructions. The sensor is designed for safe

operation in accordance with the current technical, safety, and ANSI standards.

l The emitting frequencies of the CS475A is well below the internationally permitted limits.

When used correctly, the radar sensor presents no danger to people.

l Do not attempt to install the sensor unless you are qualified to perform the installation.

l Handle the sensor carefully, since it is a precision instrument.

l If installing the sensor from tall structures over water, use appropriate safety equipment

such as a safety harness or a life preserver when installing or performing maintenance on

the sensor.

l The user is responsible for ensuring that the sensor is maintained and functioning properly.

CS475A Radar Water Level Sensor 1

3. Initial inspection

When unpacking the equipment, do the following:

l Unpack the unit in a clean, dry area.

l Carefully open the shipping package, ensuring that the cable jacket is not damaged or cut.

Contact Campbell Scientific if the cable was damaged during unpacking.

l Inspect the equipment for any damage that occurred during shipping. If equipment was

damaged during shipping, file a claim with the carrier and report the damage in detail.

4. QuickStart

A video that describes data logger programming using Short Cut is available at:

www.campbellsci.com/videos/cr1000x-datalogger-getting-started-program-part-3 . Short Cut

is an easy way to program your data logger to measure the sensor and assign data logger wiring

terminals. Short Cut is available as a download on www.campbellsci.com. It is included in

installations of LoggerNet, RTDAQ, PC400, or PC200W.

1. Open Short Cut and click Create New Program.

2. Double-click the data logger model.

3. In the search box under the Available Sensors and Devices heading, start typing CS475A, or

find the sensor in the Sensors > Water > Level & Flow > CS475A Radar Water Level Sensor

folder. Double-click CS475A Radar Water Level Sensor (average stage) or CS475A Radar

Water Level Sensor (stage) (FIGURE 4-1 (p. 3)). The CS475A (stage) measurement issues the

M! command and collects four values (stage, distance, battery voltage at the sensor, and

error codes) (FIGURE 4-2 (p. 3)). The CS475A (average stage) issues the M1! command and

completes a NOAA PORTS measurement; the user must configure the sensor for the

number of measurements included in the average (FIGURE 4-3 (p. 3)).

SDI-12 Address defaults to 0. Enter the correct SDI-12 Address for the radar sensor if it has

been changed from the factory default value. Default units for stage and distance

measurements are in feet. Change the units to Meter if the System Units have been

changed to meters.

CS475A Radar Water Level Sensor 2

NOTE:

Changing the units in Short Cut will NOT change the units in the device or provide any

unit conversions by the data logger. It will only update the units label in the data table.

FIGURE 4-1. Short Cut, Sensor Selection

FIGURE 4-2. Short Cut, CS475A Stage Properties

FIGURE 4-3. Short Cut, CS475A Average Stage Properties

CS475A Radar Water Level Sensor 3

4. Click the Wiring tab to see how the sensor is wired to the data logger. You can change a

wire location by selecting the control terminal (C) (FIGURE 4-4 (p. 4)). Click OK after wiring

the sensor.

FIGURE 4-4. Short Cut, Change Wire Location

CAUTION:

Wire the sensor in this order: white, clear, red, black.

5. Repeat steps three and four for other sensors.

CS475A Radar Water Level Sensor 4

6. In Output Setup, type the scan rate, a Table Name, and Data Output Storage Interval

(FIGURE 4-5 (p. 5)). Click Next.

FIGURE 4-5. Short Cut, Output Setup

NOTE:

Because of the delays using SDI-12, Campbell Scientific recommends measurement

scans of 10 seconds or more.

7. Select the output options.

8. Click Finish and save the program. Send the program to the data logger if the data logger

is connected to the computer.

9. If the sensor is connected to the data logger, check the output of the sensor in the data

display in LoggerNet, RTDAQ, PC400, or PC200W to make sure it is making reasonable

measurements.

5. Overview

The CS475A emits short microwave pulses and measures the elapsed time between the emission

and return of the pulses. The elapsed time measurement is used to calculate the distance

between the sensor face and the target (for example, water, grain, slurry). The distance value can

be used to determine depth of the medium (FIGURE 5-1 (p. 6)).

This radar sensor outputs a digital SDI-12 signal to indicate distance and stage. The output is

acceptable for recording devices with SDI-12 capability.

CS475A Radar Water Level Sensor 5

The CS475A can measure distances up to 35 m (114.8 ft) with an accuracy of ±2 mm (0.0065 ft).

Once the water surface gets within 0.5 m of the sensor, the accuracy will decrease linearly the

closer the water surface gets to the sensor.

FIGURE 5-1. CS475A stage, distance, and offset

Features:

l Meets USGS Office of Surface Water (OSW) requirements for accuracy

l SDI-12 1.4 functionality including SHEF coded metadata

l 1 Hz measurements

l Monitors tides for NOAA physical oceanographic real-time system (PORTS®)

l Supports False Echo Suppression via extended SDI-12 command

l Easy to set up and configure over USB or SDI-12

l Low power mode available

l Optional display

l FCC compliant; individual FCC license not required

l Low maintenance—no moving parts significantly reduces maintenance cost and time

l Rugged enough for harsh environments—IP68 rating

l Compatible with Campbell Scientific data loggers CR6, CR3000, CR1000X, CR800 series,

CR300 series, and CR1000

CS475A Radar Water Level Sensor 6

5.1 Components and hardware

The radar sensor consists of an integrated microwave transmitter and sensor together with a horn

antenna (FIGURE 5-2 (p. 7)). The horn antenna serves to focus the transmitted signal and to

receive the reflected echo. A built-in SDI-12 interface provides data processing and SDI-12

communications with the data logger.

1 Mounting loop

2 Housing side cap

3 Housing cap

Unit secondary 0.5 inch NPT cable port,

primary port on opposite side

5 Instrument horn

FIGURE 5-2. Components and hardware

6. Specifications

Measurement range:

0.5 to 35 m (1.64 to 114.8 ft); d in

FIGURE 6-1 (p. 8)

Accuracy:

±2 mm (±0.0065 ft)

Resolution:

1 mm (0.0033 ft)

CS475A Radar Water Level Sensor 7

Output protocol:

SDI-12 1.4

Complianceinformation:

View the EU Declaration of Conformity at:

www.campbellsci.com/cs475a-l

FIGURE 6-1. Reference line for measurement range

6.1 Radar unit

Frequency:

~26 GHz

Pulse energy:

1 mW maximum

Beam angle:

10° (3-inch diameter horn)

Powerrequirements

Input voltage:

9.6 to 32 VDC

Surge protection:

1.5 kVA

CS475A Radar Water Level Sensor 8

Table 6-1: Power mode, current draw, and measurement response

Power

mode

Nominal Current Draw

Measurement response time

Sleep

state

Measurement

state

Maximum

Normal 5 mA < 7 mA 8 mA < 1 s

Low <550µA <7mA 8mA

60 s + (5 × Integration Time) + (Measurement

Time)

For example:

The measurement response time for the default

integration time of 2 s and a measurement time of

1 s is:

Measurement Response Time = 60 s + (5 × 2 s) + 1

s = 71 s

6.2 Environmental

Operatingtemperaturerange:

–40 to 80 °C

Storage ranges

Temperature:

–40 to 80 °C

Relative humidity:

20 to 80% RH

Vibration resistance:

Mechanical vibrations with 4 g and 5 to 100 Hz

6.3 Physical

See FIGURE 6-2 (p. 10) for dimensions.

Mechanicalrating:

IP66/68

Housing material:

Aluminum

Horn material:

PVDF plastic

Weight:

2 kg (4 lb)

CS475A Radar Water Level Sensor 9

FIGURE 6-2. CS475A dimensions

7. Installation

If you are programming your data logger with Short Cut, skip Wiring to data logger (p. 10) and

Data logger programming (p. 11). Short Cut does this work for you. See QuickStart (p. 2) for a

Short Cut tutorial.

7.1 Wiring to data logger

Connections to Campbell Scientific data loggers are given in Table 7-1 (p. 11).

CAUTION:

Connect the wires in the order shown in Table 7-1 (p. 11).

CS475A Radar Water Level Sensor 10

Table 7-1: Wire color, function, and data logger connection

Wire color Wire function Data logger or RTU terminal

White SDI-12 signal

SDI-12 Data, C, SDI-12,

or U configured for SDI-12

Clear Shield ⏚ (analog ground)

Red Power 12V

Black Power ground G

U and C terminals are automatically configured by the measurement instruction for Campbell Scientific CR6 data

logger.

Campbell Scientific recommends using separate terminals when possible. However, multiple SDI-

12 sensors can be connected to a single data logger control or U terminal. Each SDI-12 device

must have a unique SDI-12 address.

For the CR6 and CR1000X Campbell Scientific data loggers, triggering conflicts may occur when a

companion terminal is used for a triggering instruction such as TimerInput(), PulseCount

(), or WaitDigTrig(). For example, if the CS475A is connected to C3 on a CR1000X, C4

cannot be used in the TimerInput(), PulseCount(), or WaitDigTrig() instructions.

7.1.1 Built-in self-test (BIST)

After connecting the sensor to power, the sensor performs a BIST (built-in self-test) for

approximately 50 seconds (factory default). During this self-check, an internal check of the

electronics occurs.

7.2 Data logger programming

Short Cut is the best source for up-to-date programming code for Campbell Scientific data

loggers. If your data acquisition requirements are simple, you can probably create and maintain a

data logger program exclusively with Short Cut. If your data acquisition needs are more complex,

the files that Short Cut creates are a great source for programming code to start a new program

or add to an existing custom program.

NOTE:

Short Cut cannot edit programs after they are imported and edited in CRBasic Editor.

A Short Cut tutorial is available in QuickStart (p. 2). If you wish to import Short Cut code into

CRBasic Editor to create or add to a customized program, follow the procedure in Importing

Short Cut code into CRBasic Editor (p. 43). Programming basics for CRBasic data loggers are

CS475A Radar Water Level Sensor 11

provided in the following sections. Complete program examples can be found in Example

programs (p. 44).

7.2.1 SDI-12 programming

The SDI12Recorder() instruction is used to measure a CS475A configured for SDI-12

measurements. This instruction sends a request to the sensor to make a measurement and then

retrieves the measurement from the sensor. See SDI-12 measurement commands (p. 37) for more

information.

For most data loggers, the SDI12Recorder() instruction has the following syntax:

SDI12Recorder(Destination, SDIPort, SDIAddress, “SDICommand”, Multiplier,

Offset, FillNAN, WaitonTimeout)

For the SDIAddress, alphabetical characters need to be enclosed in quotes (for example, “A”).

Also enclose the SDICommand in quotes as shown. The Destination parameter must be an

array. The required number of values in the array depends on the command (see Table 8-4 (p.

39)).

FillNAN and WaitonTimeout are optional parameters (refer to CRBasic Help for more

information).

7.3 Site selection

1. Mount the sensor high enough to prevent submersion during flooding conditions.

WARNING:

Since the sensor is commonly installed over water from tall structures, use appropriate

safety equipment such as a safety harness or a life preserver when installing or

performing maintenance on the sensor.

2. Install the sensor above the smoothest part of the water surface.

NOTE:

The smoothest part of the water surface is typically found halfway between bridge piers.

However, bridges with long spans between the piers experience more vibration. For

these bridges, vibration can be minimized by mounting the sensor a quarter to a third

of the distance to the next pier.

3. Avoid mounting near horizontal structural surfaces such as beams, brackets, and sidewall

joints because these surfaces reflect a strong signal. If these structures cannot be avoided,

CS475A Radar Water Level Sensor 12

use the False Echo Supression command (aXFES=xxx.xx!) to map out the interfering

structures in the beam profile.

4. Center the sensor beam a minimum of 2.5 m (8.2 ft) from any obstruction (both above and

under water) in the measurement range. Obstructions to be aware of include excessive

waves, splashing, pipes, wires, rocks, bridge piers, and logs. The radiation beam path

spreads as it leaves the sensor (Table 7-2 (p. 13)).

NOTE:

Usually the beam angle is 10°.

Table 7-2: Radiation beam spread (10° beam angle)

Distance (m) Footprint diameter (m)

1 0.18

5 0.87

10 1.76

15 2.64

20 3.53

25 4.37

30 5.25

35 6.12

5. Be aware that bridges contract and expand with temperature changes. Traffic loads or

trucks can also cause changes to the bridge height.

7.4 Mount and align sensor

1. Orient the sensor such that one of its polarization markings is aligned or parallel with the

wall or pier (FIGURE 7-1 (p. 14)). The polarization markings are designated by the mounting

loop screws.

CS475A Radar Water Level Sensor 13

FIGURE 7-1. Polarization markings

2. Securely mount the sensor. Mounting hardware is included with the sensor.

3. After mounting, you can rotate the housing up to 350° to simplify access to the conduit

entry and terminal compartment. To rotate the housing to the desired position:

a. Loosen the set screw on the housing (FIGURE 7-2 (p. 15)).

b. Rotate the housing as desired.

c. Tighten the set screw.

CS475A Radar Water Level Sensor 14

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Campbell Scientific CS475A Owner's manual

Brand: Campbell Scientific

Model: CS475A

Category: Measuring, testing & control

Type: Owner's manual

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Campbell Scientific CS475A Owner's manual

Campbell Scientific CS475A Owner's manual

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