Dell Force10 MXL Blade User manual

Dell Networking Configuration Guide for the MXL

10/40GbE Switch I/O Module

9.11(0.0)

Notes, cautions, and warnings

NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product.

CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.

WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.

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2017 - 01

Rev. A00

Contents

1 About this Guide...........................................................................................................................................32

Audience............................................................................................................................................................................32

Conventions......................................................................................................................................................................32

Information Symbols........................................................................................................................................................32

Related Documents......................................................................................................................................................... 33

2 Configuration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................34

Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................34

CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................34

Navigating CLI Modes...............................................................................................................................................35

The do Command............................................................................................................................................................ 38

Undoing Commands........................................................................................................................................................ 38

Obtaining Help..................................................................................................................................................................39

Entering and Editing Commands................................................................................................................................... 39

Command History............................................................................................................................................................40

Filtering show Command Outputs.................................................................................................................................40

Multiple Users in Configuration Mode............................................................................................................................41

3 Getting Started........................................................................................................................................... 43

Console Access................................................................................................................................................................44

Serial Console.............................................................................................................................................................44

External Serial Port with a USB Connector............................................................................................................46

Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH................................................................................... 46

Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection..............................................................................................46

Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection........................................................................................46

Boot Process.................................................................................................................................................................... 47

Default Configuration...................................................................................................................................................... 48

Configuring a Host Name............................................................................................................................................... 48

Configuring a Unique Host Name on the System........................................................................................................49

Accessing the System Remotely................................................................................................................................... 49

Accessing the Switch Remotely.............................................................................................................................. 49

Configure the Management Port IP Address.........................................................................................................49

Configure a Management Route............................................................................................................................. 50

Configuring a Username and Password..................................................................................................................50

Configuring the Enable Password................................................................................................................................. 50

Configuration File Management..................................................................................................................................... 51

Copy Files to and from the System..........................................................................................................................51

Save the Running-Configuration............................................................................................................................. 52

Viewing Files...............................................................................................................................................................53

Managing the File System.............................................................................................................................................. 54

View the Command History........................................................................................................................................... 55

Using HTTP for File Transfers....................................................................................................................................... 55

Contents

3

Upgrading and Downgrading the Dell Networking OS............................................................................................... 56

Verify Software Images Before Installation..................................................................................................................56

4 Management............................................................................................................................................... 58

Configuring Privilege Levels........................................................................................................................................... 58

Creating a Custom Privilege Level.......................................................................................................................... 59

Customizing a Privilege Level...................................................................................................................................59

Applying a Privilege Level to a Username................................................................................................................61

Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line.......................................................................................................... 61

Configuring Logging.........................................................................................................................................................61

Audit and Security Logs............................................................................................................................................62

Configuring Logging Format .................................................................................................................................. 63

Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server............................................................................................ 64

Display the Logging Buffer and the Logging Configuration.......................................................................................65

Log Messages in the Internal Buffer.............................................................................................................................65

Configuration Task List for System Log Management.........................................................................................66

Disabling System Logging...............................................................................................................................................66

Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................66

Configuring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.................................................................................................... 66

Changing System Logging Settings.............................................................................................................................. 67

Display the Logging Buffer and the Logging Configuration....................................................................................... 68

Configuring a UNIX Logging Facility Level................................................................................................................... 68

Synchronizing Log Messages.........................................................................................................................................69

Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages....................................................................................................................70

Enabling Secure Management Mode............................................................................................................................ 70

Enabling Secured CLI Mode............................................................................................................................................ 71

File Transfer Services.......................................................................................................................................................71

Configuration Task List for File Transfer Services................................................................................................. 71

Enabling the FTP Server............................................................................................................................................71

Configuring FTP Server Parameters....................................................................................................................... 72

Configuring FTP Client Parameters.........................................................................................................................72

Terminal Lines...................................................................................................................................................................73

Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line............................................................................................... 73

Configuring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines............................................................................................ 74

Setting Time Out of EXEC Privilege Mode...................................................................................................................74

Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device.........................................................................................................75

Lock CONFIGURATION Mode.......................................................................................................................................76

Viewing the Configuration Lock Status.................................................................................................................. 76

Limit Concurrent Login Sessions................................................................................................................................... 76

Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions............................................................................ 77

Configuring Concurrent Session Limit.....................................................................................................................77

Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions.................................................................................................... 77

Track Login Activity.........................................................................................................................................................78

Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity..................................................................................................................78

Configuring Login Activity Tracking.........................................................................................................................78

Display Login Statistics..............................................................................................................................................79

4

Contents

Recovering from a Forgotten Password...................................................................................................................... 80

Recovering from a Forgotten Enable Password.......................................................................................................... 81

Recovering from a Failed Start...................................................................................................................................... 82

5 802.1X......................................................................................................................................................... 83

The Port-Authentication Process..................................................................................................................................86

EAP over RADIUS......................................................................................................................................................87

Configuring 802.1X...........................................................................................................................................................87

Related Configuration Tasks.....................................................................................................................................87

Important Points to Remember..................................................................................................................................... 88

Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................88

Configuring Request Identity Re-Transmissions....................................................................................................89

Configuring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication.....................................................................................90

Configuring dot1x Profile ................................................................................................................................................ 91

Configuring MAC addresses for a do1x Profile.............................................................................................................91

Configuring the Static MAB and MAB Profile .............................................................................................................92

Configuring Critical VLAN ..............................................................................................................................................92

Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port...............................................................................................................93

Re-Authenticating a Port................................................................................................................................................94

Configuring Timeouts......................................................................................................................................................95

Configuring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication.......................................................................... 96

Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs.................................................................................................................... 97

Configuring a Guest VLAN....................................................................................................................................... 98

Configuring an Authentication-Fail VLAN...............................................................................................................98

6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM)................................. 100

Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs................................................................ 100

Guidelines for Configuring ACL VLAN groups.............................................................................................................101

Configuring ACL VLAN Groups and Configuring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters.............................................. 102

Configuring ACL VLAN Groups..............................................................................................................................102

Configuring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters.......................................................................................................103

Viewing CAM Usage...................................................................................................................................................... 103

Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes..................................................................................................................105

7 Access Control Lists (ACLs)...................................................................................................................... 106

IP Access Control Lists (ACLs).................................................................................................................................... 107

Implementing ACL on the Dell Networking OS.......................................................................................................... 108

ACLs and VLANs............................................................................................................................................................108

ACL Optimization........................................................................................................................................................... 108

Determine the Order in which ACLs are Used to Classify Traffic........................................................................... 108

Example of the order Keyword to Determine ACL Sequence............................................................................108

IP Fragment Handling.................................................................................................................................................... 109

IP Fragments ACL Examples........................................................................................................................................ 109

Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples........................................................................................................................................ 109

Configure a Standard IP ACL........................................................................................................................................ 110

Configuring a Standard IP ACL Filter............................................................................................................................ 111

Contents

5

Configure an Extended IP ACL......................................................................................................................................112

Configuring Filters with a Sequence Number..............................................................................................................112

Configuring Filters Without a Sequence Number....................................................................................................... 113

Established Flag...............................................................................................................................................................113

Configure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs............................................................................................................................113

Assign an IP ACL to an Interface.................................................................................................................................. 114

Applying an IP ACL..........................................................................................................................................................114

Counting ACL Hits.......................................................................................................................................................... 115

Configure Ingress ACLs..................................................................................................................................................115

Configure Egress ACLs.................................................................................................................................................. 116

Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane).......................................................................................................... 116

IP Prefix Lists...................................................................................................................................................................117

Implementation Information.....................................................................................................................................117

Configuration Task List for Prefix Lists........................................................................................................................ 117

Creating a Prefix List...................................................................................................................................................... 118

Creating a Prefix List Without a Sequence Number.................................................................................................. 118

Viewing Prefix Lists.........................................................................................................................................................119

Applying a Prefix List for Route Redistribution.......................................................................................................... 120

Applying a Filter to a Prefix List (OSPF).....................................................................................................................120

ACL Resequencing..........................................................................................................................................................121

Resequencing an ACL or Prefix List............................................................................................................................. 121

Route Maps.....................................................................................................................................................................123

Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 123

Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................................123

Configuration Task List for Route Maps..................................................................................................................... 123

Creating a Route Map....................................................................................................................................................123

Configure Route Map Filters.........................................................................................................................................125

Configuring Match Routes............................................................................................................................................125

Configuring Set Conditions........................................................................................................................................... 126

Configure a Route Map for Route Redistribution.......................................................................................................127

Configure a Route Map for Route Tagging.................................................................................................................127

Continue Clause..............................................................................................................................................................128

Logging of ACL Processes............................................................................................................................................128

Guidelines for Configuring ACL Logging..................................................................................................................... 129

Configuring ACL Logging.............................................................................................................................................. 129

Flow-Based Monitoring Support for ACLs..................................................................................................................130

Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring...................................................................................................................... 130

Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring.................................................................................................................................. 131

8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD)..................................................................................................133

How BFD Works.............................................................................................................................................................133

BFD Packet Format................................................................................................................................................. 134

BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................ 135

BFD Three-Way Handshake................................................................................................................................... 136

Session State Changes............................................................................................................................................138

Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................................138

6

Contents

Configure BFD................................................................................................................................................................ 138

Configure BFD for Physical Ports.......................................................................................................................... 139

Enabling BFD Globally.............................................................................................................................................. 139

Changing Physical Port Session Parameters........................................................................................................140

Disabling and Re-Enabling BFD.............................................................................................................................. 140

Configure BFD for Static Routes..................................................................................................................................141

Related Configuration Tasks....................................................................................................................................141

Establishing Sessions for Static Routes.................................................................................................................141

Establishing Static Route Sessions on Specific Neighbors.................................................................................142

Changing Static Route Session Parameters.........................................................................................................143

Disabling BFD for Static Routes............................................................................................................................. 143

Configure BFD for OSPF...............................................................................................................................................143

Related Configuration Tasks...................................................................................................................................144

Establishing Sessions with OSPF Neighbors........................................................................................................ 144

Changing OSPF Session Parameters.................................................................................................................... 145

Disabling BFD for OSPF.......................................................................................................................................... 145

Configure BFD for OSPFv3.......................................................................................................................................... 146

Related Configuration Tasks...................................................................................................................................146

Establishing Sessions with OSPFv3 Neighbors....................................................................................................146

Changing OSPFv3 Session Parameters................................................................................................................ 146

Disabling BFD for OSPFv3...................................................................................................................................... 147

Configure BFD for BGP................................................................................................................................................. 147

Prerequisites..............................................................................................................................................................147

Establishing Sessions with BGP Neighbors...........................................................................................................147

Disabling BFD for BGP.............................................................................................................................................149

Use BFD in a BGP Peer Group...............................................................................................................................150

Displaying BFD for BGP Information..................................................................................................................... 150

Configure BFD for VRRP.............................................................................................................................................. 154

Related Configuration Tasks...................................................................................................................................154

Establishing Sessions with All VRRP Neighbors...................................................................................................154

Establishing VRRP Sessions on VRRP Neighbors............................................................................................... 155

Changing VRRP Session Parameters.................................................................................................................... 156

Disabling BFD for VRRP.......................................................................................................................................... 156

Configure BFD for VLANs.............................................................................................................................................156

Related Configuration Task.....................................................................................................................................157

Establish Sessions with VLAN Neighbors............................................................................................................. 157

Changing VLAN Session Parameters.................................................................................................................... 158

Disabling BFD for VLANs.........................................................................................................................................158

Configure BFD for Port-Channels................................................................................................................................158

Related Configuration Tasks...................................................................................................................................158

Establish Sessions on Port-Channels.................................................................................................................... 159

Changing Physical Port Session Parameters........................................................................................................159

Disabling BFD for Port-Channels........................................................................................................................... 160

Configuring Protocol Liveness......................................................................................................................................160

Troubleshooting BFD.....................................................................................................................................................160

Contents

7

9 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4)....................................................................................................162

Autonomous Systems (AS)...........................................................................................................................................162

Sessions and Peers........................................................................................................................................................ 164

Establish a Session...................................................................................................................................................164

Route Reflectors............................................................................................................................................................ 165

Communities............................................................................................................................................................. 166

BGP Attributes............................................................................................................................................................... 166

Best Path Selection Criteria....................................................................................................................................166

Weight....................................................................................................................................................................... 168

Local Preference...................................................................................................................................................... 168

Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs).......................................................................................................................... 169

Origin..........................................................................................................................................................................170

AS Path.......................................................................................................................................................................171

Next Hop.................................................................................................................................................................... 171

Multiprotocol BGP...........................................................................................................................................................171

Implement BGP with the Dell Networking OS............................................................................................................172

Additional Path (Add-Path) Support..................................................................................................................... 172

Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes........................................................................................ 172

Ignore Router-ID for Some Best-Path Calculations.............................................................................................173

Four-Byte AS Numbers........................................................................................................................................... 173

AS4 Number Representation.................................................................................................................................. 173

AS Number Migration.............................................................................................................................................. 175

BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)........................................................................................................176

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................176

Configuration Information..............................................................................................................................................177

BGP Configuration..........................................................................................................................................................177

Enabling BGP............................................................................................................................................................ 178

Enabling MBGP Configurations............................................................................................................................. 208

BGP Regular Expression Optimization........................................................................................................................209

Debugging BGP............................................................................................................................................................. 209

Storing Last and Bad PDUs.................................................................................................................................... 210

PDU Counters............................................................................................................................................................211

Sample Configurations................................................................................................................................................... 211

10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM)...................................................................................................... 220

CAM Allocation.............................................................................................................................................................. 220

Test CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................ 221

View CAM-ACL Settings...............................................................................................................................................221

CAM Optimization......................................................................................................................................................... 222

11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP)..................................................................................................................223

Configure Control Plane Policing.................................................................................................................................224

Configuring CoPP for Protocols............................................................................................................................225

Configuring CoPP for CPU Queues...................................................................................................................... 226

Show Commands.....................................................................................................................................................227

8

Contents

12 Data Center Bridging (DCB).....................................................................................................................229

Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging.....................................................................................................229

Priority-Based Flow Control...................................................................................................................................230

Enhanced Transmission Selection..........................................................................................................................231

Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx).............................................................................................. 232

Data Center Bridging in a Traffic Flow................................................................................................................. 233

Enabling Data Center Bridging.....................................................................................................................................233

Configuring DCB Maps and its Attributes............................................................................................................234

Data Center Bridging: Default Configuration............................................................................................................. 237

Interworking of DCB Map With DCB Buffer Threshold Settings............................................................................ 237

Configuring Priority-Based Flow Control....................................................................................................................238

Configuring Lossless Queues................................................................................................................................. 239

Configuring the PFC Buffer in a Switch Stack....................................................................................................240

Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buffer Method.............................................................................240

Configure Enhanced Transmission Selection.............................................................................................................242

ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions.......................................................................................................................242

Creating an ETS Priority Group............................................................................................................................. 242

ETS Operation with DCBx......................................................................................................................................243

Configuring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN................................................................................................ 244

Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies...................................................................................................245

Applying DCB Policies with an ETS Configuration.................................................................................................... 245

PFC and ETS Configuration Examples....................................................................................................................... 245

Using PFC and ETS to Manage Data Center Traffic..........................................................................................246

Using PFC and ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Traffic in a Switch Stack............................................ 248

Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack....................................................................................................................248

Configure a DCBx Operation........................................................................................................................................248

DCBx Operation.......................................................................................................................................................248

DCBx Port Roles......................................................................................................................................................249

DCB Configuration Exchange................................................................................................................................250

Configuration Source Election...............................................................................................................................250

Propagation of DCB Information............................................................................................................................251

Auto-Detection and Manual Configuration of the DCBx Version...................................................................... 251

DCBx Example......................................................................................................................................................... 252

DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions.................................................................................................................... 253

Configuring DCBx....................................................................................................................................................253

Verifying the DCB Configuration.................................................................................................................................256

QoS dot1p Traffic Classification and Queue Assignment.........................................................................................264

Configuring the Dynamic Buffer Method...................................................................................................................265

13 Debugging and Diagnostics.......................................................................................................................267

Offline Diagnostics.........................................................................................................................................................267

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 267

Running Offline Diagnostics................................................................................................................................... 268

Trace Logs......................................................................................................................................................................270

Auto Save on Crash or Rollover.............................................................................................................................270

Contents

9

Using the Show Hardware Commands.......................................................................................................................270

Enabling Environmental Monitoring.............................................................................................................................272

Recognize an Over-Temperature Condition........................................................................................................ 273

Troubleshoot an Over-Temperature Condition....................................................................................................273

Recognize an Under-Voltage Condition................................................................................................................274

Troubleshoot an Under-Voltage Condition...........................................................................................................274

Troubleshooting Packet Loss.......................................................................................................................................275

Displaying Drop Counters....................................................................................................................................... 275

Dataplane Statistics.................................................................................................................................................276

Display Stack Port Statistics.................................................................................................................................. 277

Displaying Stack Member Counters...................................................................................................................... 278

Enabling Application Core Dumps................................................................................................................................279

Mini Core Dumps........................................................................................................................................................... 279

Enabling TCP Dumps.................................................................................................................................................... 280

Enabling Buffer Statistics Tracking .............................................................................................................................281

14 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP).........................................................................................283

DHCP Packet Format and Options............................................................................................................................. 283

Assign an IP Address using DHCP.........................................................................................................................285

Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 285

Configure the System to be a DHCP Server.............................................................................................................286

Configuring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation................................................................................. 286

Configuration Tasks.................................................................................................................................................287

Specifying a Default Gateway................................................................................................................................288

Enabling the DHCP Server.....................................................................................................................................288

Configure a Method of Hostname Resolution..................................................................................................... 289

Creating Manual Binding Entries........................................................................................................................... 290

Debugging the DHCP Server.................................................................................................................................290

Using DHCP Clear Commands.............................................................................................................................. 290

Configure the System to be a Relay Agent................................................................................................................ 291

Configure the System to be a DHCP Client...............................................................................................................293

Configuring the DHCP Client System...................................................................................................................293

DHCP Client on a Management Interface............................................................................................................296

DHCP Client Operation with Other Features.......................................................................................................297

Configure Secure DHCP...............................................................................................................................................298

Option 82..................................................................................................................................................................298

DHCP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................................298

Configuring the DHCP secondary-subnet............................................................................................................302

Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only................................................................................................... 302

Dynamic ARP Inspection........................................................................................................................................ 303

Configuring Dynamic ARP Inspection................................................................................................................... 304

Source Address Validation......................................................................................................................................305

15 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)................................................................................................................307

ECMP for Flow-Based Affinity.................................................................................................................................... 307

Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop.............................................................................................................. 307

10

Contents

Link Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................................................. 307

Managing ECMP Group Paths.................................................................................................................................... 308

RTAG7.............................................................................................................................................................................308

Flow-based Hashing for ECMP................................................................................................................................... 309

16 FC FLEXIO FPORT................................................................................................................................... 313

FC FLEXIO FPORT........................................................................................................................................................ 313

Configuring Switch Mode to FCF Port Mode............................................................................................................ 314

Name Server...................................................................................................................................................................315

FCoE Maps......................................................................................................................................................................315

Creating an FCoE Map.................................................................................................................................................. 316

Zoning.............................................................................................................................................................................. 317

Creating Zone and Adding Members...........................................................................................................................318

Creating Zone Alias and Adding Members..................................................................................................................318

Creating Zonesets..........................................................................................................................................................318

Activating a Zoneset......................................................................................................................................................319

Displaying the Fabric Parameters.................................................................................................................................319

17 FCoE Transit............................................................................................................................................ 322

Fibre Channel over Ethernet........................................................................................................................................322

Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network............................................................................................322

FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges.............................................................................................................................. 324

FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack...................................................................................................................................325

Using FIP Snooping....................................................................................................................................................... 326

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................326

Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature....................................................................................................................... 326

Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs.............................................................................................................................326

Configure the FC-MAP Value................................................................................................................................ 327

Configure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link.......................................................................................................327

Configure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link...........................................................................................................327

Impact on Other Software Features..................................................................................................................... 327

FIP Snooping Prerequisites.................................................................................................................................... 328

FIP Snooping Restrictions...................................................................................................................................... 328

Configuring FIP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................328

Displaying FIP Snooping Information...........................................................................................................................329

FCoE Transit Configuration Example..........................................................................................................................334

18 FIPS Cryptography...................................................................................................................................336

Preparing the System................................................................................................................................................... 336

Enabling FIPS Mode...................................................................................................................................................... 336

Generating Host-Keys...................................................................................................................................................337

Monitoring FIPS Mode Status......................................................................................................................................337

Disabling FIPS Mode..................................................................................................................................................... 338

19 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP).................................................................................................. 339

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................339

Contents

11

Ring Status...............................................................................................................................................................340

Multiple FRRP Rings................................................................................................................................................ 341

Important FRRP Points...........................................................................................................................................342

Important FRRP Concepts.....................................................................................................................................343

Implementing FRRP.......................................................................................................................................................344

FRRP Configuration...................................................................................................................................................... 344

Creating the FRRP Group...................................................................................................................................... 344

Configuring the Control VLAN...............................................................................................................................344

Configuring and Adding the Member VLANs.......................................................................................................346

Setting the FRRP Timers........................................................................................................................................347

Clearing the FRRP Counters..................................................................................................................................347

Viewing the FRRP Configuration...........................................................................................................................347

Viewing the FRRP Information.............................................................................................................................. 348

Troubleshooting FRRP..................................................................................................................................................348

Configuration Checks..............................................................................................................................................348

Sample Configuration and Topology........................................................................................................................... 349

FRRP Support on VLT..................................................................................................................................................350

Example Scenario.....................................................................................................................................................351

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................352

20 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP).............................................................................................353

Important Points to Remember...................................................................................................................................353

Configure GVRP............................................................................................................................................................ 353

Related Configuration Tasks..................................................................................................................................354

Enabling GVRP Globally................................................................................................................................................ 354

Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface....................................................................................................................... 355

Configure GVRP Registration......................................................................................................................................355

Configure a GARP Timer..............................................................................................................................................356

21 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP).........................................................................................357

IGMP Protocol Overview..............................................................................................................................................357

IGMP Version 2........................................................................................................................................................357

IGMP Version 3........................................................................................................................................................359

IGMP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................................362

IGMP Snooping Implementation Information.......................................................................................................362

Configuring IGMP Snooping...................................................................................................................................363

Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave.......................................................................................................................... 363

Disabling Multicast Flooding...................................................................................................................................364

Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router......................................................................................364

Configuring the Switch as Querier........................................................................................................................ 364

Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes..................................................................................................365

Designating a Multicast Router Interface...................................................................................................................365

22 Interfaces................................................................................................................................................ 366

Basic Interface Configuration...................................................................................................................................... 366

Advanced Interface Configuration.............................................................................................................................. 366

12

Contents

Interface Types.............................................................................................................................................................. 367

View Basic Interface Information.................................................................................................................................367

Configuring the Default Interface................................................................................................................................369

Enabling a Physical Interface........................................................................................................................................370

Physical Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................................370

Configuration Task List for Physical Interfaces................................................................................................... 370

Overview of Layer Modes....................................................................................................................................... 371

Configuring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode.................................................................................................................. 371

Configuring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode.................................................................................................................. 372

Configuring Layer 3 (Network) Mode...................................................................................................................372

Configuring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode.................................................................................................................. 373

Management Interfaces................................................................................................................................................373

Configuring Management Interfaces on the Switch...........................................................................................374

VLAN Interfaces............................................................................................................................................................ 375

Loopback Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................376

Null Interfaces................................................................................................................................................................ 376

Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................................................376

Port Channel Definition and Standards.................................................................................................................377

Port Channel Benefits............................................................................................................................................. 377

Port Channel Implementation.................................................................................................................................377

100/1000/10000 Mbps Interfaces in Port Channels.......................................................................................... 378

Configuration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................378

Creating a Port Channel......................................................................................................................................... 378

Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.................................................................................................... 379

Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel............................................................................................... 380

Configuring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel...............................................................................381

Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN..............................................................................................381

Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel..........................................................................................................382

Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel.....................................................................................................................382

Load Balancing through Port Channels...................................................................................................................... 382

Changing the Hash Algorithm......................................................................................................................................383

Server Ports................................................................................................................................................................... 384

Default Configuration without Start-up Config...................................................................................................384

Bulk Configuration......................................................................................................................................................... 384

Interface Range....................................................................................................................................................... 384

Bulk Configuration Examples................................................................................................................................. 385

Defining Interface Range Macros................................................................................................................................386

Define the Interface Range.................................................................................................................................... 387

Choosing an Interface-Range Macro....................................................................................................................387

Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces....................................................................................................................... 387

Maintenance Using TDR.........................................................................................................................................388

Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports...........................................................................................................................389

Merging SFP+ Ports to QSFP 40G Ports............................................................................................................389

Configure the MTU Size on an Interface............................................................................................................. 390

Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port................................................................................. 390

Contents

13

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................391

Example Scenarios................................................................................................................................................... 391

Configuring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics................................................................................................391

Layer 2 Flow Control Using Ethernet Pause Frames................................................................................................392

Enabling Pause Frames...........................................................................................................................................392

Configure MTU Size on an Interface.......................................................................................................................... 393

Port-Pipes.......................................................................................................................................................................393

Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces...................................................................................................................393

Setting the Speed and Duplex Mode of Ethernet Interfaces............................................................................ 394

View Advanced Interface Information........................................................................................................................ 396

Configuring the Interface Sampling Size.............................................................................................................. 397

Configuring the Traffic Sampling Size Globally....................................................................................................398

Dynamic Counters...................................................................................................................................................399

Enhanced Control of Remote Fault Indication Processing...................................................................................... 400

Assigning a Front-end Port to a Management VRF................................................................................................. 400

23 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)..........................................................................................................402

Configuring IPSec .........................................................................................................................................................402

24 IPv4 Routing............................................................................................................................................404

IP Addresses...................................................................................................................................................................404

Implementation Information................................................................................................................................... 405

Configuration Tasks for IP Addresses.................................................................................................................. 405

IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview.......................................................................................................................... 407

Using the Configured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages................................................................................. 408

Configuring the ICMP Source Interface...............................................................................................................408

Configuring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection........................................................................................408

Enabling Directed Broadcast........................................................................................................................................409

Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................................................409

Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names......................................................................................................409

Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains..............................................................................410

Configuring DNS with Traceroute..........................................................................................................................410

ARP...................................................................................................................................................................................411

Configuration Tasks for ARP...................................................................................................................................411

ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................................413

ARP Learning via ARP Request....................................................................................................................................413

Configuring ARP Retries................................................................................................................................................414

ICMP................................................................................................................................................................................415

Configuration Tasks for ICMP................................................................................................................................415

UDP Helper..................................................................................................................................................................... 415

Configure UDP Helper............................................................................................................................................. 415

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................415

Enabling UDP Helper................................................................................................................................................416

Configurations Using UDP Helper................................................................................................................................416

UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses...........................................................................................................416

UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses................................................................................................... 417

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Contents

UDP Helper with Configured Broadcast Addresses.............................................................................................417

UDP Helper with No Configured Broadcast Addresses...................................................................................... 418

Troubleshooting UDP Helper........................................................................................................................................ 418

25 IPv6 Addressing.......................................................................................................................................420

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................420

Extended Address Space........................................................................................................................................ 421

Stateless Autoconfiguration....................................................................................................................................421

IPv6 Header Fields.........................................................................................................................................................422

Version (4 bits)........................................................................................................................................................ 422

Traffic Class (8 bits)................................................................................................................................................422

Flow Label (20 bits)................................................................................................................................................ 422

Payload Length (16 bits).........................................................................................................................................422

Next Header (8 bits)............................................................................................................................................... 423

Hop Limit (8 bits).....................................................................................................................................................423

Source Address (128 bits)...................................................................................................................................... 424

Destination Address (128 bits)...............................................................................................................................424

Extension Header Fields................................................................................................................................................424

Hop-by-Hop Options Header.................................................................................................................................424

Addressing......................................................................................................................................................................425

Link-local Addresses................................................................................................................................................425

Static and Dynamic Addressing............................................................................................................................. 425

Implementing IPv6 with the Dell Networking OS......................................................................................................426

ICMPv6...........................................................................................................................................................................429

Path MTU Discovery.....................................................................................................................................................430

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery..............................................................................................................................................430

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets........................................................................................................... 431

Configuring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server........................................................................................................431

Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host .....................................................................................432

Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information......................................................................................................................432

IPv6 Multicast................................................................................................................................................................ 432

Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport............................................................................................................. 432

Configuration Task List for IPv6..................................................................................................................................433

Adjusting Your CAM-Profile................................................................................................................................... 433

Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface...........................................................................................................434

Assigning a Static IPv6 Route................................................................................................................................434

Configuring Telnet with IPv6................................................................................................................................. 435

SNMP over IPv6......................................................................................................................................................435

Showing IPv6 Information......................................................................................................................................435

Showing an IPv6 Interface..................................................................................................................................... 436

Showing IPv6 Routes..............................................................................................................................................436

Showing the Running-Configuration for an Interface.........................................................................................437

Clearing IPv6 Routes...............................................................................................................................................438

26 iSCSI Optimization.................................................................................................................................. 439

iSCSI Optimization Overview.......................................................................................................................................439

Contents

15

Monitoring iSCSI Traffic Flows...............................................................................................................................441

Information Monitored in iSCSI Traffic Flows.......................................................................................................441

Detection and Auto-Configuration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays........................................................................... 441

Configuring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays............................................................................ 442

iSCSI Optimization: Operation............................................................................................................................... 442

Default iSCSI Optimization Values.........................................................................................................................442

Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information................................................................................................................. 443

27 Intermediate System to Intermediate System..........................................................................................445

IS-IS Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................................... 445

IS-IS Addressing.............................................................................................................................................................445

Multi-Topology IS-IS..................................................................................................................................................... 446

Transition Mode.......................................................................................................................................................446

Interface Support.....................................................................................................................................................447

Adjacencies...............................................................................................................................................................447

Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................................................447

Timers........................................................................................................................................................................447

Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 448

Configuration Information.............................................................................................................................................448

Configuration Tasks for IS-IS.................................................................................................................................449

IS-IS Metric Styles.........................................................................................................................................................463

Configure Metric Values...............................................................................................................................................463

Maximum Values in the Routing Table..................................................................................................................463

Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only................................................................................................463

Leaks from One Level to Another......................................................................................................................... 465

Sample Configurations..................................................................................................................................................466

28 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)..............................................................................................470

Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP.................................................................................................................. 470

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 470

LACP Modes............................................................................................................................................................. 471

Configuring LACP Commands................................................................................................................................471

LACP Configuration Tasks............................................................................................................................................472

Creating a LAG.........................................................................................................................................................472

Configuring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic........................................................................................................ 472

Setting the LACP Long Timeout............................................................................................................................473

Shared LAG State Tracking..........................................................................................................................................474

Configuring Shared LAG State Tracking.................................................................................................................... 474

Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking.......................................................................................... 476

LACP Basic Configuration Example............................................................................................................................ 476

Configure a LAG on ALPHA................................................................................................................................... 476

29 Layer 2.................................................................................................................................................... 485

Manage the MAC Address Table................................................................................................................................ 485

Clearing the MAC Address Table.......................................................................................................................... 485

Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries........................................................................................................485

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Contents

Configuring a Static MAC Address....................................................................................................................... 486

Displaying the MAC Address Table....................................................................................................................... 486

MAC Learning Limit.......................................................................................................................................................486

Setting the MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................ 487

mac learning-limit Dynamic.....................................................................................................................................487

mac learning-limit station-move.............................................................................................................................487

Learning Limit Violation Actions.............................................................................................................................487

Setting Station Move Violation Actions................................................................................................................488

Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations...........................................................................488

Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System................................................................................................489

NIC Teaming...................................................................................................................................................................489

MAC Move Optimization.........................................................................................................................................491

30 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP).....................................................................................................492

802.1AB (LLDP) Overview........................................................................................................................................... 492

Protocol Data Units.................................................................................................................................................492

Optional TLVs.................................................................................................................................................................493

Management TLVs..................................................................................................................................................493

TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview............................................................................................................................... 495

TIA Organizationally Specific TLVs....................................................................................................................... 495

Extended Power via MDI TLV................................................................................................................................499

Configure LLDP............................................................................................................................................................. 499

Related Configuration Tasks..................................................................................................................................499

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................500

LLDP Compatibility..................................................................................................................................................500

CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Configurations........................................................................................... 500

Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................................................ 501

Disabling and Undoing LLDP...................................................................................................................................501

Advertising TLVs............................................................................................................................................................ 501

Viewing the LLDP Configuration.................................................................................................................................502

Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents.....................................................................................503

Configuring LLDPDU Intervals.....................................................................................................................................504

Configuring Transmit and Receive Mode...................................................................................................................504

Configuring a Time to Live........................................................................................................................................... 505

Debugging LLDP............................................................................................................................................................506

Relevant Management Objects................................................................................................................................... 507

31 Microsoft Network Load Balancing...........................................................................................................512

NLB Unicast Mode Scenario.........................................................................................................................................512

NLB Multicast Mode Scenario......................................................................................................................................512

Limitations With Enabling NLB on Switches...............................................................................................................513

Benefits and Working of Microsoft Clustering...........................................................................................................513

Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding ............................................................................................................................. 513

Configuring a Switch for NLB ..................................................................................................................................... 513

Multicast NLB Mode................................................................................................................................................514

Contents

17

32 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)......................................................................................... 515

Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 515

Anycast RP......................................................................................................................................................................517

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................518

Configure the Multicast Source Discovery Protocol................................................................................................. 518

Related Configuration Tasks...................................................................................................................................518

Enabling MSDP.............................................................................................................................................................. 522

Manage the Source-Active Cache..............................................................................................................................523

Viewing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................ 523

Limiting the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................ 523

Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................524

Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache.......................................................................................................524

Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check..................................................................................... 524

Specifying Source-Active Messages.......................................................................................................................... 528

Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer.................................................................................................. 529

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source...................................................................................................... 529

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source................................................................................................. 530

Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source.................................................................................................530

Logging Changes in Peership States...........................................................................................................................531

Terminating a Peership..................................................................................................................................................531

Clearing Peer Statistics.................................................................................................................................................532

Debugging MSDP.......................................................................................................................................................... 532

MSDP with Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................533

Configuring Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................534

Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding........................................................................................................ 535

Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages..............................................................................................535

MSDP Sample Configurations......................................................................................................................................537

33 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)................................................................................................540

Protocol Overview........................................................................................................................................................ 540

Spanning Tree Variations.............................................................................................................................................. 541

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................541

Configure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol................................................................................................................541

Related Configuration Tasks..................................................................................................................................542

Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally......................................................................................................................542

Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances............................................................................................................... 542

Influencing MSTP Root Selection............................................................................................................................... 543

Interoperate with Non-Dell Networking OS Bridges.................................................................................................544

Changing the Region Name or Revision.....................................................................................................................544

Modifying Global Parameters.......................................................................................................................................545

Enable BPDU Filtering Globally.................................................................................................................................... 546

Modifying the Interface Parameters...........................................................................................................................546

Configuring an EdgePort.............................................................................................................................................. 547

Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change.......................................................................................................548

MSTP Sample Configurations......................................................................................................................................548

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Contents

Router 1 Running-ConfigurationRouter 2 Running-ConfigurationRouter 3 Running-

ConfigurationSFTOS Example Running-Configuration...................................................................................... 549

Debugging and Verifying MSTP Configurations........................................................................................................552

34 Multicast Features...................................................................................................................................554

Enabling IP Multicast.....................................................................................................................................................554

Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 554

First Packet Forwarding for Lossless Multicast........................................................................................................ 555

Multicast Policies...........................................................................................................................................................555

IPv4 Multicast Policies..................................................................................................................................................555

Limiting the Number of Multicast Routes............................................................................................................556

Preventing a Host from Joining a Group..............................................................................................................556

Rate Limiting IGMP Join Requests....................................................................................................................... 559

Preventing a PIM Router from Forming an Adjacency.......................................................................................559

Preventing a Source from Registering with the RP........................................................................................... 559

Preventing a PIM Router from Processing a Join...............................................................................................562

Understanding Multicast Traceroute (mtrace)......................................................................................................... 562

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................563

Printing Multicast Traceroute (mtrace) Paths..........................................................................................................563

Supported Error Codes.................................................................................................................................................564

mtrace Scenarios...........................................................................................................................................................565

35 Object Tracking........................................................................................................................................571

Object Tracking Overview.............................................................................................................................................571

Track Layer 2 Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................572

Track Layer 3 Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................572

Track IPv4 and IPv6 Routes...................................................................................................................................572

Set Tracking Delays.................................................................................................................................................572

VRRP Object Tracking............................................................................................................................................573

Object Tracking Configuration.....................................................................................................................................573

Tracking a Layer 2 Interface...................................................................................................................................573

Tracking a Layer 3 Interface...................................................................................................................................574

Track an IPv4/IPv6 Route......................................................................................................................................575

Displaying Tracked Objects.......................................................................................................................................... 576

36 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3)................................................................................... 578

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................578

Autonomous System (AS) Areas...........................................................................................................................578

Area Types................................................................................................................................................................579

Networks and Neighbors........................................................................................................................................580

Router Types............................................................................................................................................................580

Link-State Advertisements (LSAs)....................................................................................................................... 582

Router Priority and Cost.........................................................................................................................................583

OSPF with the Dell Networking OS............................................................................................................................584

Graceful Restart...................................................................................................................................................... 585

Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only)............................................................................................................. 586

Contents

19

Processing SNMP and Sending SNMP Traps.....................................................................................................586

OSPF ACK Packing.................................................................................................................................................586

Setting OSPF Adjacency with Cisco Routers......................................................................................................586

Configuration Information.............................................................................................................................................587

Configuration Task List for OSPFv2 (OSPF for IPv4)....................................................................................... 587

Troubleshooting OSPFv2....................................................................................................................................... 598

Configuration Task List for OSPFv3 (OSPF for IPv6)............................................................................................. 602

Enabling IPv6 Unicast Routing...............................................................................................................................603

Applying cost for OSPFv3......................................................................................................................................603

Assigning IPv6 Addresses on an Interface........................................................................................................... 603

Assigning Area ID on an Interface......................................................................................................................... 604

Assigning OSPFv3 Process ID and Router ID Globally....................................................................................... 604

Configuring Stub Areas.......................................................................................................................................... 605

Configuring Passive-Interface............................................................................................................................... 605

Redistributing Routes............................................................................................................................................. 605

Configuring a Default Route.................................................................................................................................. 606

Enabling OSPFv3 Graceful Restart.......................................................................................................................606

Displaying Graceful Restart....................................................................................................................................607

OSPFv3 Authentication Using IPsec.................................................................................................................... 608

37 Policy-based Routing (PBR).................................................................................................................... 616

Overview......................................................................................................................................................................... 616

Implementing Policy-based Routing with Dell Networking OS.................................................................................618

Configuration Task List for Policy-based Routing......................................................................................................618

PBR Exceptions (Permit)....................................................................................................................................... 620

Sample Configuration....................................................................................................................................................622

Create the Redirect-List GOLDAssign Redirect-List GOLD to Interface 2/11View Redirect-List GOLD....623

38 PIM Sparse-Mode (PIM-SM).................................................................................................................. 627

Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 627

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................627

Requesting Multicast Traffic..................................................................................................................................628

Refuse Multicast Traffic.........................................................................................................................................628

Send Multicast Traffic............................................................................................................................................ 628

Configuring PIM-SM.....................................................................................................................................................629

Related Configuration Tasks..................................................................................................................................629

Enable PIM-SM..............................................................................................................................................................629

Configuring S,G Expiry Timers.....................................................................................................................................630

Configuring a Static Rendezvous Point.......................................................................................................................631

Overriding Bootstrap Router Updates...................................................................................................................631

Configuring a Designated Router................................................................................................................................ 632

Creating Multicast Boundaries and Domains............................................................................................................. 632

Enabling PIM-SM Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................633

39 PIM Source-Specific Mode (PIM-SSM).................................................................................................. 634

Configure PIM-SMM.....................................................................................................................................................634

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Contents

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Dell Force10 MXL Blade User manual

Dell Force10 MXL Blade User manual

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