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Force10 MXL Blade

Dell Force10 MXL Blade User manual

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Dell Networking Configuration Guide for the MXL
10/40GbE Switch I/O Module
9.11(0.0)
Notes, cautions, and warnings
NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product.
CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.
WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.
Copyright © 2017 Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved. Dell, EMC, and other trademarks are trademarks of Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. Other
trademarks may be trademarks of their respective owners.
2017 - 01
Rev. A00
Contents
1 About this Guide...........................................................................................................................................32
Audience............................................................................................................................................................................32
Conventions......................................................................................................................................................................32
Information Symbols........................................................................................................................................................32
Related Documents......................................................................................................................................................... 33
2 Configuration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................34
Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................34
CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................34
Navigating CLI Modes...............................................................................................................................................35
The do Command............................................................................................................................................................ 38
Undoing Commands........................................................................................................................................................ 38
Obtaining Help..................................................................................................................................................................39
Entering and Editing Commands................................................................................................................................... 39
Command History............................................................................................................................................................40
Filtering show Command Outputs.................................................................................................................................40
Multiple Users in Configuration Mode............................................................................................................................41
3 Getting Started........................................................................................................................................... 43
Console Access................................................................................................................................................................44
Serial Console.............................................................................................................................................................44
External Serial Port with a USB Connector............................................................................................................46
Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH................................................................................... 46
Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection..............................................................................................46
Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection........................................................................................46
Boot Process.................................................................................................................................................................... 47
Default Configuration...................................................................................................................................................... 48
Configuring a Host Name............................................................................................................................................... 48
Configuring a Unique Host Name on the System........................................................................................................49
Accessing the System Remotely................................................................................................................................... 49
Accessing the Switch Remotely.............................................................................................................................. 49
Configure the Management Port IP Address.........................................................................................................49
Configure a Management Route............................................................................................................................. 50
Configuring a Username and Password..................................................................................................................50
Configuring the Enable Password................................................................................................................................. 50
Configuration File Management..................................................................................................................................... 51
Copy Files to and from the System..........................................................................................................................51
Save the Running-Configuration............................................................................................................................. 52
Viewing Files...............................................................................................................................................................53
Managing the File System.............................................................................................................................................. 54
View the Command History........................................................................................................................................... 55
Using HTTP for File Transfers....................................................................................................................................... 55
Contents
3
Upgrading and Downgrading the Dell Networking OS............................................................................................... 56
Verify Software Images Before Installation..................................................................................................................56
4 Management............................................................................................................................................... 58
Configuring Privilege Levels........................................................................................................................................... 58
Creating a Custom Privilege Level.......................................................................................................................... 59
Customizing a Privilege Level...................................................................................................................................59
Applying a Privilege Level to a Username................................................................................................................61
Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line.......................................................................................................... 61
Configuring Logging.........................................................................................................................................................61
Audit and Security Logs............................................................................................................................................62
Configuring Logging Format .................................................................................................................................. 63
Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server............................................................................................ 64
Display the Logging Buffer and the Logging Configuration.......................................................................................65
Log Messages in the Internal Buffer.............................................................................................................................65
Configuration Task List for System Log Management.........................................................................................66
Disabling System Logging...............................................................................................................................................66
Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................66
Configuring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.................................................................................................... 66
Changing System Logging Settings.............................................................................................................................. 67
Display the Logging Buffer and the Logging Configuration....................................................................................... 68
Configuring a UNIX Logging Facility Level................................................................................................................... 68
Synchronizing Log Messages.........................................................................................................................................69
Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages....................................................................................................................70
Enabling Secure Management Mode............................................................................................................................ 70
Enabling Secured CLI Mode............................................................................................................................................ 71
File Transfer Services.......................................................................................................................................................71
Configuration Task List for File Transfer Services................................................................................................. 71
Enabling the FTP Server............................................................................................................................................71
Configuring FTP Server Parameters....................................................................................................................... 72
Configuring FTP Client Parameters.........................................................................................................................72
Terminal Lines...................................................................................................................................................................73
Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line............................................................................................... 73
Configuring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines............................................................................................ 74
Setting Time Out of EXEC Privilege Mode...................................................................................................................74
Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device.........................................................................................................75
Lock CONFIGURATION Mode.......................................................................................................................................76
Viewing the Configuration Lock Status.................................................................................................................. 76
Limit Concurrent Login Sessions................................................................................................................................... 76
Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions............................................................................ 77
Configuring Concurrent Session Limit.....................................................................................................................77
Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions.................................................................................................... 77
Track Login Activity.........................................................................................................................................................78
Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity..................................................................................................................78
Configuring Login Activity Tracking.........................................................................................................................78
Display Login Statistics..............................................................................................................................................79
4
Contents
Recovering from a Forgotten Password...................................................................................................................... 80
Recovering from a Forgotten Enable Password.......................................................................................................... 81
Recovering from a Failed Start...................................................................................................................................... 82
5 802.1X......................................................................................................................................................... 83
The Port-Authentication Process..................................................................................................................................86
EAP over RADIUS......................................................................................................................................................87
Configuring 802.1X...........................................................................................................................................................87
Related Configuration Tasks.....................................................................................................................................87
Important Points to Remember..................................................................................................................................... 88
Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................88
Configuring Request Identity Re-Transmissions....................................................................................................89
Configuring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication.....................................................................................90
Configuring dot1x Profile ................................................................................................................................................ 91
Configuring MAC addresses for a do1x Profile.............................................................................................................91
Configuring the Static MAB and MAB Profile .............................................................................................................92
Configuring Critical VLAN ..............................................................................................................................................92
Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port...............................................................................................................93
Re-Authenticating a Port................................................................................................................................................94
Configuring Timeouts......................................................................................................................................................95
Configuring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication.......................................................................... 96
Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs.................................................................................................................... 97
Configuring a Guest VLAN....................................................................................................................................... 98
Configuring an Authentication-Fail VLAN...............................................................................................................98
6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM)................................. 100
Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs................................................................ 100
Guidelines for Configuring ACL VLAN groups.............................................................................................................101
Configuring ACL VLAN Groups and Configuring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters.............................................. 102
Configuring ACL VLAN Groups..............................................................................................................................102
Configuring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters.......................................................................................................103
Viewing CAM Usage...................................................................................................................................................... 103
Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes..................................................................................................................105
7 Access Control Lists (ACLs)...................................................................................................................... 106
IP Access Control Lists (ACLs).................................................................................................................................... 107
Implementing ACL on the Dell Networking OS.......................................................................................................... 108
ACLs and VLANs............................................................................................................................................................108
ACL Optimization........................................................................................................................................................... 108
Determine the Order in which ACLs are Used to Classify Traffic........................................................................... 108
Example of the order Keyword to Determine ACL Sequence............................................................................108
IP Fragment Handling.................................................................................................................................................... 109
IP Fragments ACL Examples........................................................................................................................................ 109
Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples........................................................................................................................................ 109
Configure a Standard IP ACL........................................................................................................................................ 110
Configuring a Standard IP ACL Filter............................................................................................................................ 111
Contents
5
Configure an Extended IP ACL......................................................................................................................................112
Configuring Filters with a Sequence Number..............................................................................................................112
Configuring Filters Without a Sequence Number....................................................................................................... 113
Established Flag...............................................................................................................................................................113
Configure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs............................................................................................................................113
Assign an IP ACL to an Interface.................................................................................................................................. 114
Applying an IP ACL..........................................................................................................................................................114
Counting ACL Hits.......................................................................................................................................................... 115
Configure Ingress ACLs..................................................................................................................................................115
Configure Egress ACLs.................................................................................................................................................. 116
Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane).......................................................................................................... 116
IP Prefix Lists...................................................................................................................................................................117
Implementation Information.....................................................................................................................................117
Configuration Task List for Prefix Lists........................................................................................................................ 117
Creating a Prefix List...................................................................................................................................................... 118
Creating a Prefix List Without a Sequence Number.................................................................................................. 118
Viewing Prefix Lists.........................................................................................................................................................119
Applying a Prefix List for Route Redistribution.......................................................................................................... 120
Applying a Filter to a Prefix List (OSPF).....................................................................................................................120
ACL Resequencing..........................................................................................................................................................121
Resequencing an ACL or Prefix List............................................................................................................................. 121
Route Maps.....................................................................................................................................................................123
Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 123
Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................................123
Configuration Task List for Route Maps..................................................................................................................... 123
Creating a Route Map....................................................................................................................................................123
Configure Route Map Filters.........................................................................................................................................125
Configuring Match Routes............................................................................................................................................125
Configuring Set Conditions........................................................................................................................................... 126
Configure a Route Map for Route Redistribution.......................................................................................................127
Configure a Route Map for Route Tagging.................................................................................................................127
Continue Clause..............................................................................................................................................................128
Logging of ACL Processes............................................................................................................................................128
Guidelines for Configuring ACL Logging..................................................................................................................... 129
Configuring ACL Logging.............................................................................................................................................. 129
Flow-Based Monitoring Support for ACLs..................................................................................................................130
Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring...................................................................................................................... 130
Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring.................................................................................................................................. 131
8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD)..................................................................................................133
How BFD Works.............................................................................................................................................................133
BFD Packet Format................................................................................................................................................. 134
BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................ 135
BFD Three-Way Handshake................................................................................................................................... 136
Session State Changes............................................................................................................................................138
Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................................138
6
Contents
Configure BFD................................................................................................................................................................ 138
Configure BFD for Physical Ports.......................................................................................................................... 139
Enabling BFD Globally.............................................................................................................................................. 139
Changing Physical Port Session Parameters........................................................................................................140
Disabling and Re-Enabling BFD.............................................................................................................................. 140
Configure BFD for Static Routes..................................................................................................................................141
Related Configuration Tasks....................................................................................................................................141
Establishing Sessions for Static Routes.................................................................................................................141
Establishing Static Route Sessions on Specific Neighbors.................................................................................142
Changing Static Route Session Parameters.........................................................................................................143
Disabling BFD for Static Routes............................................................................................................................. 143
Configure BFD for OSPF...............................................................................................................................................143
Related Configuration Tasks...................................................................................................................................144
Establishing Sessions with OSPF Neighbors........................................................................................................ 144
Changing OSPF Session Parameters.................................................................................................................... 145
Disabling BFD for OSPF.......................................................................................................................................... 145
Configure BFD for OSPFv3.......................................................................................................................................... 146
Related Configuration Tasks...................................................................................................................................146
Establishing Sessions with OSPFv3 Neighbors....................................................................................................146
Changing OSPFv3 Session Parameters................................................................................................................ 146
Disabling BFD for OSPFv3...................................................................................................................................... 147
Configure BFD for BGP................................................................................................................................................. 147
Prerequisites..............................................................................................................................................................147
Establishing Sessions with BGP Neighbors...........................................................................................................147
Disabling BFD for BGP.............................................................................................................................................149
Use BFD in a BGP Peer Group...............................................................................................................................150
Displaying BFD for BGP Information..................................................................................................................... 150
Configure BFD for VRRP.............................................................................................................................................. 154
Related Configuration Tasks...................................................................................................................................154
Establishing Sessions with All VRRP Neighbors...................................................................................................154
Establishing VRRP Sessions on VRRP Neighbors............................................................................................... 155
Changing VRRP Session Parameters.................................................................................................................... 156
Disabling BFD for VRRP.......................................................................................................................................... 156
Configure BFD for VLANs.............................................................................................................................................156
Related Configuration Task.....................................................................................................................................157
Establish Sessions with VLAN Neighbors............................................................................................................. 157
Changing VLAN Session Parameters.................................................................................................................... 158
Disabling BFD for VLANs.........................................................................................................................................158
Configure BFD for Port-Channels................................................................................................................................158
Related Configuration Tasks...................................................................................................................................158
Establish Sessions on Port-Channels.................................................................................................................... 159
Changing Physical Port Session Parameters........................................................................................................159
Disabling BFD for Port-Channels........................................................................................................................... 160
Configuring Protocol Liveness......................................................................................................................................160
Troubleshooting BFD.....................................................................................................................................................160
Contents
7
9 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4)....................................................................................................162
Autonomous Systems (AS)...........................................................................................................................................162
Sessions and Peers........................................................................................................................................................ 164
Establish a Session...................................................................................................................................................164
Route Reflectors............................................................................................................................................................ 165
Communities............................................................................................................................................................. 166
BGP Attributes............................................................................................................................................................... 166
Best Path Selection Criteria....................................................................................................................................166
Weight....................................................................................................................................................................... 168
Local Preference...................................................................................................................................................... 168
Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs).......................................................................................................................... 169
Origin..........................................................................................................................................................................170
AS Path.......................................................................................................................................................................171
Next Hop.................................................................................................................................................................... 171
Multiprotocol BGP...........................................................................................................................................................171
Implement BGP with the Dell Networking OS............................................................................................................172
Additional Path (Add-Path) Support..................................................................................................................... 172
Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes........................................................................................ 172
Ignore Router-ID for Some Best-Path Calculations.............................................................................................173
Four-Byte AS Numbers........................................................................................................................................... 173
AS4 Number Representation.................................................................................................................................. 173
AS Number Migration.............................................................................................................................................. 175
BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)........................................................................................................176
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................176
Configuration Information..............................................................................................................................................177
BGP Configuration..........................................................................................................................................................177
Enabling BGP............................................................................................................................................................ 178
Enabling MBGP Configurations............................................................................................................................. 208
BGP Regular Expression Optimization........................................................................................................................209
Debugging BGP............................................................................................................................................................. 209
Storing Last and Bad PDUs.................................................................................................................................... 210
PDU Counters............................................................................................................................................................211
Sample Configurations................................................................................................................................................... 211
10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM)...................................................................................................... 220
CAM Allocation.............................................................................................................................................................. 220
Test CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................ 221
View CAM-ACL Settings...............................................................................................................................................221
CAM Optimization......................................................................................................................................................... 222
11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP)..................................................................................................................223
Configure Control Plane Policing.................................................................................................................................224
Configuring CoPP for Protocols............................................................................................................................225
Configuring CoPP for CPU Queues...................................................................................................................... 226
Show Commands.....................................................................................................................................................227
8
Contents
12 Data Center Bridging (DCB).....................................................................................................................229
Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging.....................................................................................................229
Priority-Based Flow Control...................................................................................................................................230
Enhanced Transmission Selection..........................................................................................................................231
Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx).............................................................................................. 232
Data Center Bridging in a Traffic Flow................................................................................................................. 233
Enabling Data Center Bridging.....................................................................................................................................233
Configuring DCB Maps and its Attributes............................................................................................................234
Data Center Bridging: Default Configuration............................................................................................................. 237
Interworking of DCB Map With DCB Buffer Threshold Settings............................................................................ 237
Configuring Priority-Based Flow Control....................................................................................................................238
Configuring Lossless Queues................................................................................................................................. 239
Configuring the PFC Buffer in a Switch Stack....................................................................................................240
Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buffer Method.............................................................................240
Configure Enhanced Transmission Selection.............................................................................................................242
ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions.......................................................................................................................242
Creating an ETS Priority Group............................................................................................................................. 242
ETS Operation with DCBx......................................................................................................................................243
Configuring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN................................................................................................ 244
Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies...................................................................................................245
Applying DCB Policies with an ETS Configuration.................................................................................................... 245
PFC and ETS Configuration Examples....................................................................................................................... 245
Using PFC and ETS to Manage Data Center Traffic..........................................................................................246
Using PFC and ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Traffic in a Switch Stack............................................ 248
Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack....................................................................................................................248
Configure a DCBx Operation........................................................................................................................................248
DCBx Operation.......................................................................................................................................................248
DCBx Port Roles......................................................................................................................................................249
DCB Configuration Exchange................................................................................................................................250
Configuration Source Election...............................................................................................................................250
Propagation of DCB Information............................................................................................................................251
Auto-Detection and Manual Configuration of the DCBx Version...................................................................... 251
DCBx Example......................................................................................................................................................... 252
DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions.................................................................................................................... 253
Configuring DCBx....................................................................................................................................................253
Verifying the DCB Configuration.................................................................................................................................256
QoS dot1p Traffic Classification and Queue Assignment.........................................................................................264
Configuring the Dynamic Buffer Method...................................................................................................................265
13 Debugging and Diagnostics.......................................................................................................................267
Offline Diagnostics.........................................................................................................................................................267
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 267
Running Offline Diagnostics................................................................................................................................... 268
Trace Logs......................................................................................................................................................................270
Auto Save on Crash or Rollover.............................................................................................................................270
Contents
9
Using the Show Hardware Commands.......................................................................................................................270
Enabling Environmental Monitoring.............................................................................................................................272
Recognize an Over-Temperature Condition........................................................................................................ 273
Troubleshoot an Over-Temperature Condition....................................................................................................273
Recognize an Under-Voltage Condition................................................................................................................274
Troubleshoot an Under-Voltage Condition...........................................................................................................274
Troubleshooting Packet Loss.......................................................................................................................................275
Displaying Drop Counters....................................................................................................................................... 275
Dataplane Statistics.................................................................................................................................................276
Display Stack Port Statistics.................................................................................................................................. 277
Displaying Stack Member Counters...................................................................................................................... 278
Enabling Application Core Dumps................................................................................................................................279
Mini Core Dumps........................................................................................................................................................... 279
Enabling TCP Dumps.................................................................................................................................................... 280
Enabling Buffer Statistics Tracking .............................................................................................................................281
14 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP).........................................................................................283
DHCP Packet Format and Options............................................................................................................................. 283
Assign an IP Address using DHCP.........................................................................................................................285
Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 285
Configure the System to be a DHCP Server.............................................................................................................286
Configuring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation................................................................................. 286
Configuration Tasks.................................................................................................................................................287
Specifying a Default Gateway................................................................................................................................288
Enabling the DHCP Server.....................................................................................................................................288
Configure a Method of Hostname Resolution..................................................................................................... 289
Creating Manual Binding Entries........................................................................................................................... 290
Debugging the DHCP Server.................................................................................................................................290
Using DHCP Clear Commands.............................................................................................................................. 290
Configure the System to be a Relay Agent................................................................................................................ 291
Configure the System to be a DHCP Client...............................................................................................................293
Configuring the DHCP Client System...................................................................................................................293
DHCP Client on a Management Interface............................................................................................................296
DHCP Client Operation with Other Features.......................................................................................................297
Configure Secure DHCP...............................................................................................................................................298
Option 82..................................................................................................................................................................298
DHCP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................................298
Configuring the DHCP secondary-subnet............................................................................................................302
Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only................................................................................................... 302
Dynamic ARP Inspection........................................................................................................................................ 303
Configuring Dynamic ARP Inspection................................................................................................................... 304
Source Address Validation......................................................................................................................................305
15 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)................................................................................................................307
ECMP for Flow-Based Affinity.................................................................................................................................... 307
Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop.............................................................................................................. 307
10
Contents
Link Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................................................. 307
Managing ECMP Group Paths.................................................................................................................................... 308
RTAG7.............................................................................................................................................................................308
Flow-based Hashing for ECMP................................................................................................................................... 309
16 FC FLEXIO FPORT................................................................................................................................... 313
FC FLEXIO FPORT........................................................................................................................................................ 313
Configuring Switch Mode to FCF Port Mode............................................................................................................ 314
Name Server...................................................................................................................................................................315
FCoE Maps......................................................................................................................................................................315
Creating an FCoE Map.................................................................................................................................................. 316
Zoning.............................................................................................................................................................................. 317
Creating Zone and Adding Members...........................................................................................................................318
Creating Zone Alias and Adding Members..................................................................................................................318
Creating Zonesets..........................................................................................................................................................318
Activating a Zoneset......................................................................................................................................................319
Displaying the Fabric Parameters.................................................................................................................................319
17 FCoE Transit............................................................................................................................................ 322
Fibre Channel over Ethernet........................................................................................................................................322
Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network............................................................................................322
FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges.............................................................................................................................. 324
FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack...................................................................................................................................325
Using FIP Snooping....................................................................................................................................................... 326
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................326
Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature....................................................................................................................... 326
Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs.............................................................................................................................326
Configure the FC-MAP Value................................................................................................................................ 327
Configure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link.......................................................................................................327
Configure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link...........................................................................................................327
Impact on Other Software Features..................................................................................................................... 327
FIP Snooping Prerequisites.................................................................................................................................... 328
FIP Snooping Restrictions...................................................................................................................................... 328
Configuring FIP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................328
Displaying FIP Snooping Information...........................................................................................................................329
FCoE Transit Configuration Example..........................................................................................................................334
18 FIPS Cryptography...................................................................................................................................336
Preparing the System................................................................................................................................................... 336
Enabling FIPS Mode...................................................................................................................................................... 336
Generating Host-Keys...................................................................................................................................................337
Monitoring FIPS Mode Status......................................................................................................................................337
Disabling FIPS Mode..................................................................................................................................................... 338
19 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP).................................................................................................. 339
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................339
Contents
11
Ring Status...............................................................................................................................................................340
Multiple FRRP Rings................................................................................................................................................ 341
Important FRRP Points...........................................................................................................................................342
Important FRRP Concepts.....................................................................................................................................343
Implementing FRRP.......................................................................................................................................................344
FRRP Configuration...................................................................................................................................................... 344
Creating the FRRP Group...................................................................................................................................... 344
Configuring the Control VLAN...............................................................................................................................344
Configuring and Adding the Member VLANs.......................................................................................................346
Setting the FRRP Timers........................................................................................................................................347
Clearing the FRRP Counters..................................................................................................................................347
Viewing the FRRP Configuration...........................................................................................................................347
Viewing the FRRP Information.............................................................................................................................. 348
Troubleshooting FRRP..................................................................................................................................................348
Configuration Checks..............................................................................................................................................348
Sample Configuration and Topology........................................................................................................................... 349
FRRP Support on VLT..................................................................................................................................................350
Example Scenario.....................................................................................................................................................351
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................352
20 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP).............................................................................................353
Important Points to Remember...................................................................................................................................353
Configure GVRP............................................................................................................................................................ 353
Related Configuration Tasks..................................................................................................................................354
Enabling GVRP Globally................................................................................................................................................ 354
Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface....................................................................................................................... 355
Configure GVRP Registration......................................................................................................................................355
Configure a GARP Timer..............................................................................................................................................356
21 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP).........................................................................................357
IGMP Protocol Overview..............................................................................................................................................357
IGMP Version 2........................................................................................................................................................357
IGMP Version 3........................................................................................................................................................359
IGMP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................................362
IGMP Snooping Implementation Information.......................................................................................................362
Configuring IGMP Snooping...................................................................................................................................363
Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave.......................................................................................................................... 363
Disabling Multicast Flooding...................................................................................................................................364
Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router......................................................................................364
Configuring the Switch as Querier........................................................................................................................ 364
Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes..................................................................................................365
Designating a Multicast Router Interface...................................................................................................................365
22 Interfaces................................................................................................................................................ 366
Basic Interface Configuration...................................................................................................................................... 366
Advanced Interface Configuration.............................................................................................................................. 366
12
Contents
Interface Types.............................................................................................................................................................. 367
View Basic Interface Information.................................................................................................................................367
Configuring the Default Interface................................................................................................................................369
Enabling a Physical Interface........................................................................................................................................370
Physical Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................................370
Configuration Task List for Physical Interfaces................................................................................................... 370
Overview of Layer Modes....................................................................................................................................... 371
Configuring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode.................................................................................................................. 371
Configuring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode.................................................................................................................. 372
Configuring Layer 3 (Network) Mode...................................................................................................................372
Configuring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode.................................................................................................................. 373
Management Interfaces................................................................................................................................................373
Configuring Management Interfaces on the Switch...........................................................................................374
VLAN Interfaces............................................................................................................................................................ 375
Loopback Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................376
Null Interfaces................................................................................................................................................................ 376
Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................................................376
Port Channel Definition and Standards.................................................................................................................377
Port Channel Benefits............................................................................................................................................. 377
Port Channel Implementation.................................................................................................................................377
100/1000/10000 Mbps Interfaces in Port Channels.......................................................................................... 378
Configuration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................378
Creating a Port Channel......................................................................................................................................... 378
Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.................................................................................................... 379
Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel............................................................................................... 380
Configuring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel...............................................................................381
Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN..............................................................................................381
Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel..........................................................................................................382
Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel.....................................................................................................................382
Load Balancing through Port Channels...................................................................................................................... 382
Changing the Hash Algorithm......................................................................................................................................383
Server Ports................................................................................................................................................................... 384
Default Configuration without Start-up Config...................................................................................................384
Bulk Configuration......................................................................................................................................................... 384
Interface Range....................................................................................................................................................... 384
Bulk Configuration Examples................................................................................................................................. 385
Defining Interface Range Macros................................................................................................................................386
Define the Interface Range.................................................................................................................................... 387
Choosing an Interface-Range Macro....................................................................................................................387
Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces....................................................................................................................... 387
Maintenance Using TDR.........................................................................................................................................388
Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports...........................................................................................................................389
Merging SFP+ Ports to QSFP 40G Ports............................................................................................................389
Configure the MTU Size on an Interface............................................................................................................. 390
Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port................................................................................. 390
Contents
13
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................391
Example Scenarios................................................................................................................................................... 391
Configuring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics................................................................................................391
Layer 2 Flow Control Using Ethernet Pause Frames................................................................................................392
Enabling Pause Frames...........................................................................................................................................392
Configure MTU Size on an Interface.......................................................................................................................... 393
Port-Pipes.......................................................................................................................................................................393
Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces...................................................................................................................393
Setting the Speed and Duplex Mode of Ethernet Interfaces............................................................................ 394
View Advanced Interface Information........................................................................................................................ 396
Configuring the Interface Sampling Size.............................................................................................................. 397
Configuring the Traffic Sampling Size Globally....................................................................................................398
Dynamic Counters...................................................................................................................................................399
Enhanced Control of Remote Fault Indication Processing...................................................................................... 400
Assigning a Front-end Port to a Management VRF................................................................................................. 400
23 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)..........................................................................................................402
Configuring IPSec .........................................................................................................................................................402
24 IPv4 Routing............................................................................................................................................404
IP Addresses...................................................................................................................................................................404
Implementation Information................................................................................................................................... 405
Configuration Tasks for IP Addresses.................................................................................................................. 405
IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview.......................................................................................................................... 407
Using the Configured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages................................................................................. 408
Configuring the ICMP Source Interface...............................................................................................................408
Configuring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection........................................................................................408
Enabling Directed Broadcast........................................................................................................................................409
Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................................................409
Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names......................................................................................................409
Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains..............................................................................410
Configuring DNS with Traceroute..........................................................................................................................410
ARP...................................................................................................................................................................................411
Configuration Tasks for ARP...................................................................................................................................411
ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................................413
ARP Learning via ARP Request....................................................................................................................................413
Configuring ARP Retries................................................................................................................................................414
ICMP................................................................................................................................................................................415
Configuration Tasks for ICMP................................................................................................................................415
UDP Helper..................................................................................................................................................................... 415
Configure UDP Helper............................................................................................................................................. 415
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................415
Enabling UDP Helper................................................................................................................................................416
Configurations Using UDP Helper................................................................................................................................416
UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses...........................................................................................................416
UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses................................................................................................... 417
14
Contents
UDP Helper with Configured Broadcast Addresses.............................................................................................417
UDP Helper with No Configured Broadcast Addresses...................................................................................... 418
Troubleshooting UDP Helper........................................................................................................................................ 418
25 IPv6 Addressing.......................................................................................................................................420
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................420
Extended Address Space........................................................................................................................................ 421
Stateless Autoconfiguration....................................................................................................................................421
IPv6 Header Fields.........................................................................................................................................................422
Version (4 bits)........................................................................................................................................................ 422
Traffic Class (8 bits)................................................................................................................................................422
Flow Label (20 bits)................................................................................................................................................ 422
Payload Length (16 bits).........................................................................................................................................422
Next Header (8 bits)............................................................................................................................................... 423
Hop Limit (8 bits).....................................................................................................................................................423
Source Address (128 bits)...................................................................................................................................... 424
Destination Address (128 bits)...............................................................................................................................424
Extension Header Fields................................................................................................................................................424
Hop-by-Hop Options Header.................................................................................................................................424
Addressing......................................................................................................................................................................425
Link-local Addresses................................................................................................................................................425
Static and Dynamic Addressing............................................................................................................................. 425
Implementing IPv6 with the Dell Networking OS......................................................................................................426
ICMPv6...........................................................................................................................................................................429
Path MTU Discovery.....................................................................................................................................................430
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery..............................................................................................................................................430
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets........................................................................................................... 431
Configuring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server........................................................................................................431
Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host .....................................................................................432
Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information......................................................................................................................432
IPv6 Multicast................................................................................................................................................................ 432
Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport............................................................................................................. 432
Configuration Task List for IPv6..................................................................................................................................433
Adjusting Your CAM-Profile................................................................................................................................... 433
Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface...........................................................................................................434
Assigning a Static IPv6 Route................................................................................................................................434
Configuring Telnet with IPv6................................................................................................................................. 435
SNMP over IPv6......................................................................................................................................................435
Showing IPv6 Information......................................................................................................................................435
Showing an IPv6 Interface..................................................................................................................................... 436
Showing IPv6 Routes..............................................................................................................................................436
Showing the Running-Configuration for an Interface.........................................................................................437
Clearing IPv6 Routes...............................................................................................................................................438
26 iSCSI Optimization.................................................................................................................................. 439
iSCSI Optimization Overview.......................................................................................................................................439
Contents
15
Monitoring iSCSI Traffic Flows...............................................................................................................................441
Information Monitored in iSCSI Traffic Flows.......................................................................................................441
Detection and Auto-Configuration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays........................................................................... 441
Configuring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays............................................................................ 442
iSCSI Optimization: Operation............................................................................................................................... 442
Default iSCSI Optimization Values.........................................................................................................................442
Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information................................................................................................................. 443
27 Intermediate System to Intermediate System..........................................................................................445
IS-IS Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................................... 445
IS-IS Addressing.............................................................................................................................................................445
Multi-Topology IS-IS..................................................................................................................................................... 446
Transition Mode.......................................................................................................................................................446
Interface Support.....................................................................................................................................................447
Adjacencies...............................................................................................................................................................447
Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................................................447
Timers........................................................................................................................................................................447
Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 448
Configuration Information.............................................................................................................................................448
Configuration Tasks for IS-IS.................................................................................................................................449
IS-IS Metric Styles.........................................................................................................................................................463
Configure Metric Values...............................................................................................................................................463
Maximum Values in the Routing Table..................................................................................................................463
Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only................................................................................................463
Leaks from One Level to Another......................................................................................................................... 465
Sample Configurations..................................................................................................................................................466
28 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)..............................................................................................470
Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP.................................................................................................................. 470
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 470
LACP Modes............................................................................................................................................................. 471
Configuring LACP Commands................................................................................................................................471
LACP Configuration Tasks............................................................................................................................................472
Creating a LAG.........................................................................................................................................................472
Configuring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic........................................................................................................ 472
Setting the LACP Long Timeout............................................................................................................................473
Shared LAG State Tracking..........................................................................................................................................474
Configuring Shared LAG State Tracking.................................................................................................................... 474
Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking.......................................................................................... 476
LACP Basic Configuration Example............................................................................................................................ 476
Configure a LAG on ALPHA................................................................................................................................... 476
29 Layer 2.................................................................................................................................................... 485
Manage the MAC Address Table................................................................................................................................ 485
Clearing the MAC Address Table.......................................................................................................................... 485
Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries........................................................................................................485
16
Contents
Configuring a Static MAC Address....................................................................................................................... 486
Displaying the MAC Address Table....................................................................................................................... 486
MAC Learning Limit.......................................................................................................................................................486
Setting the MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................ 487
mac learning-limit Dynamic.....................................................................................................................................487
mac learning-limit station-move.............................................................................................................................487
Learning Limit Violation Actions.............................................................................................................................487
Setting Station Move Violation Actions................................................................................................................488
Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations...........................................................................488
Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System................................................................................................489
NIC Teaming...................................................................................................................................................................489
MAC Move Optimization.........................................................................................................................................491
30 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP).....................................................................................................492
802.1AB (LLDP) Overview........................................................................................................................................... 492
Protocol Data Units.................................................................................................................................................492
Optional TLVs.................................................................................................................................................................493
Management TLVs..................................................................................................................................................493
TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview............................................................................................................................... 495
TIA Organizationally Specific TLVs....................................................................................................................... 495
Extended Power via MDI TLV................................................................................................................................499
Configure LLDP............................................................................................................................................................. 499
Related Configuration Tasks..................................................................................................................................499
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................500
LLDP Compatibility..................................................................................................................................................500
CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Configurations........................................................................................... 500
Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................................................ 501
Disabling and Undoing LLDP...................................................................................................................................501
Advertising TLVs............................................................................................................................................................ 501
Viewing the LLDP Configuration.................................................................................................................................502
Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents.....................................................................................503
Configuring LLDPDU Intervals.....................................................................................................................................504
Configuring Transmit and Receive Mode...................................................................................................................504
Configuring a Time to Live........................................................................................................................................... 505
Debugging LLDP............................................................................................................................................................506
Relevant Management Objects................................................................................................................................... 507
31 Microsoft Network Load Balancing...........................................................................................................512
NLB Unicast Mode Scenario.........................................................................................................................................512
NLB Multicast Mode Scenario......................................................................................................................................512
Limitations With Enabling NLB on Switches...............................................................................................................513
Benefits and Working of Microsoft Clustering...........................................................................................................513
Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding ............................................................................................................................. 513
Configuring a Switch for NLB ..................................................................................................................................... 513
Multicast NLB Mode................................................................................................................................................514
Contents
17
32 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)......................................................................................... 515
Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 515
Anycast RP......................................................................................................................................................................517
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................518
Configure the Multicast Source Discovery Protocol................................................................................................. 518
Related Configuration Tasks...................................................................................................................................518
Enabling MSDP.............................................................................................................................................................. 522
Manage the Source-Active Cache..............................................................................................................................523
Viewing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................ 523
Limiting the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................ 523
Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................524
Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache.......................................................................................................524
Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check..................................................................................... 524
Specifying Source-Active Messages.......................................................................................................................... 528
Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer.................................................................................................. 529
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source...................................................................................................... 529
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source................................................................................................. 530
Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source.................................................................................................530
Logging Changes in Peership States...........................................................................................................................531
Terminating a Peership..................................................................................................................................................531
Clearing Peer Statistics.................................................................................................................................................532
Debugging MSDP.......................................................................................................................................................... 532
MSDP with Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................533
Configuring Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................534
Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding........................................................................................................ 535
Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages..............................................................................................535
MSDP Sample Configurations......................................................................................................................................537
33 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)................................................................................................540
Protocol Overview........................................................................................................................................................ 540
Spanning Tree Variations.............................................................................................................................................. 541
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................541
Configure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol................................................................................................................541
Related Configuration Tasks..................................................................................................................................542
Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally......................................................................................................................542
Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances............................................................................................................... 542
Influencing MSTP Root Selection............................................................................................................................... 543
Interoperate with Non-Dell Networking OS Bridges.................................................................................................544
Changing the Region Name or Revision.....................................................................................................................544
Modifying Global Parameters.......................................................................................................................................545
Enable BPDU Filtering Globally.................................................................................................................................... 546
Modifying the Interface Parameters...........................................................................................................................546
Configuring an EdgePort.............................................................................................................................................. 547
Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change.......................................................................................................548
MSTP Sample Configurations......................................................................................................................................548
18
Contents
Router 1 Running-ConfigurationRouter 2 Running-ConfigurationRouter 3 Running-
ConfigurationSFTOS Example Running-Configuration...................................................................................... 549
Debugging and Verifying MSTP Configurations........................................................................................................552
34 Multicast Features...................................................................................................................................554
Enabling IP Multicast.....................................................................................................................................................554
Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 554
First Packet Forwarding for Lossless Multicast........................................................................................................ 555
Multicast Policies...........................................................................................................................................................555
IPv4 Multicast Policies..................................................................................................................................................555
Limiting the Number of Multicast Routes............................................................................................................556
Preventing a Host from Joining a Group..............................................................................................................556
Rate Limiting IGMP Join Requests....................................................................................................................... 559
Preventing a PIM Router from Forming an Adjacency.......................................................................................559
Preventing a Source from Registering with the RP........................................................................................... 559
Preventing a PIM Router from Processing a Join...............................................................................................562
Understanding Multicast Traceroute (mtrace)......................................................................................................... 562
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................563
Printing Multicast Traceroute (mtrace) Paths..........................................................................................................563
Supported Error Codes.................................................................................................................................................564
mtrace Scenarios...........................................................................................................................................................565
35 Object Tracking........................................................................................................................................571
Object Tracking Overview.............................................................................................................................................571
Track Layer 2 Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................572
Track Layer 3 Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................572
Track IPv4 and IPv6 Routes...................................................................................................................................572
Set Tracking Delays.................................................................................................................................................572
VRRP Object Tracking............................................................................................................................................573
Object Tracking Configuration.....................................................................................................................................573
Tracking a Layer 2 Interface...................................................................................................................................573
Tracking a Layer 3 Interface...................................................................................................................................574
Track an IPv4/IPv6 Route......................................................................................................................................575
Displaying Tracked Objects.......................................................................................................................................... 576
36 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3)................................................................................... 578
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................578
Autonomous System (AS) Areas...........................................................................................................................578
Area Types................................................................................................................................................................579
Networks and Neighbors........................................................................................................................................580
Router Types............................................................................................................................................................580
Link-State Advertisements (LSAs)....................................................................................................................... 582
Router Priority and Cost.........................................................................................................................................583
OSPF with the Dell Networking OS............................................................................................................................584
Graceful Restart...................................................................................................................................................... 585
Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only)............................................................................................................. 586
Contents
19
Processing SNMP and Sending SNMP Traps.....................................................................................................586
OSPF ACK Packing.................................................................................................................................................586
Setting OSPF Adjacency with Cisco Routers......................................................................................................586
Configuration Information.............................................................................................................................................587
Configuration Task List for OSPFv2 (OSPF for IPv4)....................................................................................... 587
Troubleshooting OSPFv2....................................................................................................................................... 598
Configuration Task List for OSPFv3 (OSPF for IPv6)............................................................................................. 602
Enabling IPv6 Unicast Routing...............................................................................................................................603
Applying cost for OSPFv3......................................................................................................................................603
Assigning IPv6 Addresses on an Interface........................................................................................................... 603
Assigning Area ID on an Interface......................................................................................................................... 604
Assigning OSPFv3 Process ID and Router ID Globally....................................................................................... 604
Configuring Stub Areas.......................................................................................................................................... 605
Configuring Passive-Interface............................................................................................................................... 605
Redistributing Routes............................................................................................................................................. 605
Configuring a Default Route.................................................................................................................................. 606
Enabling OSPFv3 Graceful Restart.......................................................................................................................606
Displaying Graceful Restart....................................................................................................................................607
OSPFv3 Authentication Using IPsec.................................................................................................................... 608
37 Policy-based Routing (PBR).................................................................................................................... 616
Overview......................................................................................................................................................................... 616
Implementing Policy-based Routing with Dell Networking OS.................................................................................618
Configuration Task List for Policy-based Routing......................................................................................................618
PBR Exceptions (Permit)....................................................................................................................................... 620
Sample Configuration....................................................................................................................................................622
Create the Redirect-List GOLDAssign Redirect-List GOLD to Interface 2/11View Redirect-List GOLD....623
38 PIM Sparse-Mode (PIM-SM).................................................................................................................. 627
Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 627
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................627
Requesting Multicast Traffic..................................................................................................................................628
Refuse Multicast Traffic.........................................................................................................................................628
Send Multicast Traffic............................................................................................................................................ 628
Configuring PIM-SM.....................................................................................................................................................629
Related Configuration Tasks..................................................................................................................................629
Enable PIM-SM..............................................................................................................................................................629
Configuring S,G Expiry Timers.....................................................................................................................................630
Configuring a Static Rendezvous Point.......................................................................................................................631
Overriding Bootstrap Router Updates...................................................................................................................631
Configuring a Designated Router................................................................................................................................ 632
Creating Multicast Boundaries and Domains............................................................................................................. 632
Enabling PIM-SM Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................633
39 PIM Source-Specific Mode (PIM-SSM).................................................................................................. 634
Configure PIM-SMM.....................................................................................................................................................634
20
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