Operation Manual – File System Management
H3C S3610&S5510 Series Ethernet Switches Table of Contents
i
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 File System Management Configuration...................................................................1-1
1.1 File System Management..................................................................................................1-1
1.1.1 File System Overview .............................................................................................1-1
1.1.2 Directory Operations ...............................................................................................1-2
1.1.3 File Operations........................................................................................................1-2
1.1.4 Storage Device Operations.....................................................................................1-4
1.1.5 File System Prompt Mode Setting...........................................................................1-5
1.1.6 File System Operations Example............................................................................1-5
1.2 Configuration File Management.........................................................................................1-6
1.2.1 Configuration File Overview....................................................................................1-6
1.2.2 Saving the Current Configuration............................................................................1-7
1.2.3 Erasing the Startup Configuration File....................................................................1-8
1.2.4 Specifying a Configuration File for Next Startup.....................................................1-9
1.2.5 Backing up/Restoring the Configuration File for Next Startup................................ 1-9
1.3 Displaying and Maintaining Device Configuration...........................................................1-10
Chapter 2 FTP Configuration .......................................................................................................2-1
2.1 FTP Overview....................................................................................................................2-1
2.1.1 Introduction to FTP..................................................................................................2-1
2.1.2 Implementation of FTP............................................................................................2-1
2.2 Configuring the FTP Client ................................................................................................2-2
2.2.1 Establishing an FTP Connection.............................................................................2-2
2.2.2 Configuring the FTP Client......................................................................................2-4
2.2.3 FTP Client Configuration Example..........................................................................2-5
2.3 Configuring the FTP Server...............................................................................................2-7
2.3.1 Configuring FTP Server Operating Parameters......................................................2-7
2.3.2 Configuring Authentication and Authorization for Accessing FTP Server...............2-8
2.3.3 FTP Server Configuration Example ........................................................................2-9
2.4 Displaying and Maintaining FTP......................................................................................2-11
Chapter 3 TFTP Configuration.....................................................................................................3-1
3.1 TFTP Overview..................................................................................................................3-1
3.1.1 Introduction to TFTP ...............................................................................................3-1
3.1.2 Implementation of TFTP..........................................................................................3-1
3.2 Configuring the TFTP Client..............................................................................................3-2
3.3 Displaying and Maintaining the TFTP Client .....................................................................3-4
3.4 TFTP Client Configuration Example..................................................................................3-4
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Chapter 1 File System Management Configuration
When configuring the file system management, go to these sections for information you
are interested in:
z File System Management
z Configuration File Management
z Displaying and Maintaining Device Configuration
Note:
Throughout this document, a filename can be entered as either of the following:
z A fully qualified filename with the path included to indicate a file under a specific
path. The filename can be 1 to 135 characters in length.
z A short filename with the path excluded to indicate a file in the current path. The
filename can be 1 to 91 characters in length.
1.1 File System Management
This section covers these topics:
z File System Overview
z Directory Operations
z File Operations
z Storage Device Operations
z File System Prompt Mode Setting
z File System Operations
1.1.1 File System Overview
A major function of the file system is to manage storage devices. It allows you to
perform operations such as directory create and delete, and file copy and display. If an
operation, delete or overwrite for example, may cause problems such as data loss or
corruption, the file system will ask you to confirm the operation by default.
Depending on the managed object, file system operations fall into Directory Operations,
File Operations, Storage Device Operations, and File System Prompt Mode Setting.
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1.1.2 Directory Operations
Directory operations include create, delete, display the current path, display specified
directory or file information as shown in the following table:
To do… Use the command… Remarks
Create a directory
mkdir directory
Optional
Available in user view
Remove a directory
rmdir directory
Optional
Available in user view
Display the current path
pwd
Optional
Available in user view
Display files or directories dir [ /all ] [ file-url ]
Optional
Available in user view
Change the current path
cd directory
Optional
Available in user view
Note:
z The directory to be removed must be empty, meaning before you remove a directory,
you must delete all the files and the subdirectory under this directory. For file
deletion, refer to the delete command and for subdirectory deletion, refer to the
rmdir command.
z After the execution of the rmdir command, the files in this directory will be
automatically deleted for ever.
1.1.3 File Operations
File operations include delete (removing files into the recycle bin), restore the deleted,
permanently delete (deleting files from the recycle bin), display, rename, copy, and
move files, and display specified directory or file information as shown in the following
table:
To do… Use the command… Remarks
Remove a file to the
recycle bin or delete it
permanently
delete [ /unreserved ]
file-url
Optional
Available in user view
Restore a file from the
recycle bin
undelete file-url
Optional
Available in user view
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To do… Use the command… Remarks
Empty the recycle bin
reset recycle-bin
[ /force ]
Optional
Available in user view
Display the contents of a
file
more file-url
Optional
Currently only a .txt file
can be displayed.
Available in user view
Rename a file
rename fileurl-source
fileurl-dest
Optional
Available in user view
Copy a file
copy fileurl-source
fileurl-dest
Optional
Available in user view
Move a file
move fileurl-source
fileurl-dest
Optional
Available in user view
Display files or directories dir [ /all ] [ file-url ]
Optional
Available in user view
Enter system view
system-view
—
Execute the batch file
execute filename
Optional
Note:
You can create a file by copying or downloading or using the save command.
Caution:
z Empty the recycle bin timely with the reset recycle-bin command to save memory
space.
z As the delete /unreserved file-url command deletes a file permanently and the
action cannot be undone, use it with caution.
z The execute command cannot ensure the execution of each command. For
example, if a certain command is not correctly configured, the system will omit this
command and go to the next one. Therefore, each configuration command in a
batch file must be a standard configuration command, meaning the valid
configuration information which can be displayed with the display
current-configuration command after this command is configured successfully;
otherwise, this command may not be executed correctly.
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1.1.4 Storage Device Operations
I. Naming rules
Naming rules of the storage devices are as follows:
z If there is only one storage device of the same type on the device, the physical
device name of the storage device is the storage device name. For example, for a
device with only one CF card, the physical device name of the CF card is cf.
z If there are multiple storage devices with the same type on the device, the physical
device name of the storage device is composed of the storage device type and the
serial number of the storage device. The serial number is displayed in English
letters such as a, b or c. For example, for a device with multiple CF cards, the
physical device name of the first CF card is cfa, and that of the second is cfb, and
so on.
z If storage device partitioning is supported on the device, the name of the partition
device is composed of the physical device name and partition number. The serial
numbers of partitions are displayed in numbers such as 0, 1 or 2. For a device with
only one CF card for example, the second partition of the CF card is cf1; for a
device with multiple CF cards, the third partition of the second CF card is cfb2. If
there is only one partition on the CF card, the partition name is the physical device
name followed by 0.
II. Memory space management
You can use the fixdisk command to restore the space of a storage device or the
format command to format a specified storage device as shown in the following table:
To do… Use the command… Remarks
Restore the space of a
storage device
fixdisk device
Optional
Available in user view
Format a storage device
format device
Optional
Available in user view
You may use the two commands when some space of a storage device becomes
inaccessible due to abnormal operations for example.
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Caution:
When you format a storage device, all the files stored on it are erased and cannot be
restored. In particular, if there is a startup configuration file on the storage device,
formatting the storage device results in loss of the startup configuration file.
1.1.5 File System Prompt Mode Setting
The file system provides the following two prompt modes:
z alert: where the system warns you about operations that may bring undesirable
consequence such as file corruption or data loss.
z quiet: where the system does not do that in any cases.
To prevent undesirable consequence resulted from misoperations, the alert mode is
preferred.
To do… Use the command… Remarks
Enter system view
system-view
—
Set the operation prompt
mode of the file system
file prompt { alert |
quiet }
Optional
The default is alert.
1.1.6 File System Operations Example
# Display the files and the subdirectory under the current directory.
<Sysname> dir
Directory of flash:/
0 drw- - Feb 16 2006 11:45:36 logfile
1 -rw- 1218 Feb 16 2006 11:46:19 config.cfg
2 drw- - Feb 16 2006 15:20:27 test
3 -rw- 184108 Feb 16 2006 15:30:20 aaa.bin
14605 KB total (6890 KB free)
# Create a new folder called mytest under the test directory.
<Sysname> cd test
<Sysname> mkdir mytest
%Created dir flash:/test/mytest.
# Display the current working directory.
<Sysname> pwd
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flash:/test
# Display the files and the subdirectory under the test directory.
<Sysname> dir
Directory of flash:/test/
0 drw- - Feb 16 2006 15:28:14 mytest
2540 KB total (2519 KB free)
# Return to the upper directory.
<Sysname> cd ..
# Display the current working directory.
<Sysname> pwd
flash:/
1.2 Configuration File Management
The device provides the configuration file management function with a user-friendly
operating interface for you to manage the configuration files conveniently.
This section covers these topics:
z Configuration File Overview
z Saving the Current Configuration
z Erasing the Startup Configuration File
z Specifying a Configuration File for Next Startup
z Backing up/Restoring the Configuration File for Next Startup
1.2.1 Configuration File Overview
A configuration file saves the device configurations in command lines in text format.
You can view configuration information conveniently through the configuration files.
I. Types of configuration
The configuration of a device falls into two types:
z Saved configuration, a configuration file used for initialization. If this file does not
exist, the default parameters are used.
z Current configuration, which refers to the user’s configuration during the operation
of a device. This configuration is stored in the flash. It is removed when the device
is rebooting.
II. Format of configuration file
Configuration files are saved as text files. They:
z Save configuration in the form of commands.
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z Save only non-default configuration settings.
z List commands in sections by view in this view order: system, interface, routing
protocol, and so on. Sections are separated with one or multiple blank lines or
comment lines that start with a pound sign (#).
z End with a return.
III. Startup with the configuration file
The following steps are taken during system startup:
1) If you specify a configuration file and this file exists, the device will initialize its
configuration based on this file.
2) If you specify a configuration file but this file does not exist, the device will:
z Initialize with the default configuration file if it exists;
z Or initialize with empty configuration if the default configuration file does not exist.
1.2.2 Saving the Current Configuration
You can modify the configuration on your device at the command line interface (CLI). To
use the modified configuration for your subsequent startups, you must save it (using the
save command) as a configuration file.
I. Modes in saving the configuration
z Fast saving mode. This is the mode when you use the save command without the
safely keyword. The mode saves the file quicker but is likely to lose the original
configuration file if the device reboots or the power fails during the process.
z Safe mode. This is the mode when you use the save command with the safely
keyword. The mode saves the file slower but can retain the configuration file in the
device even if the device reboots or the power fails during the process.
Caution:
Device reboot or the power failure during configuration file saving may result in loss of
the configuration file for next startup. In this case, the device should be started with
empty configuration and after the device starts, you need to re-specify a configuration
file for next startup. Refer to
Specifying a Configuration File for Next Startup for details.
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Follow the step below to save the current configuration:
To do… Use the command… Remarks
Save the current
configuration
save [ file-name | safely ]
Required
Available in any view
Note:
z Fast saving mode is suitable for environments where power supply is stable. The
safe mode, however, is preferred where stable power supply is unavailable or
remote maintenance is involved.
z The extension name of the configuration file must be .cfg.
z If you press <Enter> after entering the save command, you can save the
configuration file in an interactive way. In this way, you can use the default path or
enter a filename to specify a new path, but the suffix of the filename must be “.cfg”
and the path must be the path of the storage device on the AMB (active main board).
1.2.3 Erasing the Startup Configuration File
With the configuration file erased, your device will boot up with the default configuration
next time it is powered on.
You may need to erase the configuration file for one of these reasons:
z After you upgrade software, the original configuration file does not match the new
software.
z The startup configuration file is corrupted or not the one you need.
Follow the step below to erase the configuration file:
To do… Use the command… Remarks
Erase the startup
configuration file from the
storage device
reset
saved-configuration
Required
Available in user view
Caution:
This command will permanently delete the configuration file from the device. Use it with
caution.
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1.2.4 Specifying a Configuration File for Next Startup
Follow the step below to specify a configuration file for next startup:
To do… Use the command… Remarks
Specify a configuration
file for next startup
startup
saved-configuration cfgfile
Required
Available in user view
Caution:
The configuration file must use “.cfg” as its extension name and the startup
configuration file must be saved under the root directory of the device.
1.2.5 Backing up/Restoring the Configuration File for Next Startup
I. Backup/restore function overview
The backup/restore function allows you to backup or restore a configuration file for next
startup through operations at the CLI. TFTP is used for intercommunication between
the device and the server. The backup function enables you to backup a configuration
file to the TFTP server, while the restore function enables you to download the
configuration file from the TFTP server for next startup.
II. Backing up the configuration file for next startup
To do… Use the command… Remarks
Back up the configuration
file for next startup
backup
startup-configuration to
dest-addr [ filename ]
Required
Available in user view
Note:
Before backup, you should:
z Ensure that the server is reachable, the server is enabled with TFTP service, and
the client has permission to read and write.
z Use the display startup command (in user view) to verify if you have set the startup
configuration file, and use the dir command to verify if this file exists. If the file is set
as NULL or does not exist, the backup will be unsuccessful.
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III. Restoring the startup configuration file
To do… Use the command… Remarks
Restore the startup
configuration file
restore
startup-configuration
from src-addr filename
Required
Available in user view
Note:
z Before restoring a configuration file, you should ensure that the server is reachable,
the server is enabled with TFTP service, and the client has permission to read and
write.
z After the command is successfully executed, you can use the display startup
command (in user view) to verify if the filename of the startup configuration file is the
same with the filename argument, and use the dir command to verify if the restored
file exists.
1.3 Displaying and Maintaining Device Configuration
To do… Use the command… Remarks
Display the configuration
file saved in the storage
device
display saved-configuration
[ by-linenum ]
Available in any
view
Display the configuration
file used for this and next
startup
display startup
Available in any
view
Display the validated
configuration in current
view
display this [ by-linenum ]
Available in any
view
Display current
configuration
display current-configuration
[ [ configuration [ configuration ] |
controller | interface
[ interface-type ]
[ interface-number ] ] [ by-linenum ]
[ | { begin | include | exclude }
text ] ]
Available in any
view
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Note:
For detailed description of the display this and display current-configuration
commands, refer to the System Maintaining and Debugging Configuration part of the
manual.
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H3C S3610&S5510 Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 2 FTP Configuration
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Chapter 2 FTP Configuration
When configuring FTP, go to these sections for information you are interested in:
z FTP Overview
z Configuring the FTP Client
z Configuring the FTP Server
z Displaying and Maintaining FTP
2.1 FTP Overview
2.1.1 Introduction to FTP
The File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is an application layer protocol for sharing files
between server and client over a TCP/IP network.
FTP uses TCP ports 20 and 21 for file transfer. Port 20 is used to transmit data, and port
21 to transmit control commands. Refer to RFC 959 for details of FTP basic operation.
FTP transmits files in two modes:
z Binary mode for program file transmission
z ASCII mode for text file transmission
2.1.2 Implementation of FTP
FTP adopts the server/client model. Your switch can function either as client or as
server (as shown in Figure 2-1). They work in the following way:
z When the switch serves as the FTP client, a PC user first telnets or connects to the
switch through an emulation program, then executes the ftp command to establish
the connection to the remote FTP server, and gain access to the files on the server.
If the remote FTP server supports anonymous FTP, the device can log onto it
directly; if not, the device must obtain FTP username and password first to log
onto the remote FTP server.
z When the switch serves as the FTP server, it must be configured with an IP
address so that a user running FTP client program can access it. For the sake of
security, the switch does not support anonymous FTP. Therefore, you must use
an authenticated username and password. By default, authenticated users can
access the root directory of the switch.
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Figure 2-1 Network diagram for FTP
Caution:
z The FTP function is available when a route exists between the FTP server and the
FTP client.
z When a device serving as the FTP server logs onto the device using IE, some IE
functions are not supported because multiple user connections are established, and
the device supports only one connection currently.
2.2 Configuring the FTP Client
2.2.1 Establishing an FTP Connection
To access an FTP server, the FTP client must connect with it. Two ways are available
for the connection: using the ftp command to establish the connection directly; using
the open command in FTP client view.
Multiple routes may exist for the FTP client to successfully access the FTP server. You
can specify one by configuring the source address of the packets of the FTP client to
meet the requirement of the security policy of the FTP client. You can configure the
source address by configuring the source interface or source IP address. The primary
IP address configured on the source interface is the source address of the transmitted
packets. The source address of the transmitted packets is selected following these
rules:
z If no source address of the FTP client is specified, a device uses the IP address of
the interface determined by the routing protocol as the source IP address to
communicate with an FTP server.
z If the source address is specified with the ftp client source or ftp command, this
source address is used to communicate with an FTP server.
z If the source address is specified with the ftp client source command and then
with the ftp command, the address specified with the latter one is used to
communicate with an FTP server.
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The source address specified with the ftp client source command is valid for all ftp
connections and the source address specified with the ftp command is valid only for the
current FTP connection.
Follow these steps to establish an FTP connection (In IPv4 networking):
To do… Use the command… Remarks
Enter system view
system-view
—
Configure the source
address of the FTP client
ftp client source
{ interface interface-type
interface-number | ip
source-ip-address }
Optional
A device uses the IP
address of the interface
determined by the routing
protocol as the source IP
address to communicate
with the FTP server by
default.
Exit to system view
quit
—
Log onto the remote FTP
server directly in user
view
ftp [ server-address
[ service-port ] [ source
{ interface interface-type
interface-number | ip
source-ip-address } ] ]
ftp
Log onto the remote FTP
server indirectly in FTP
client view
open server-address
[ service-port ]
Use either approach.
Available in user view
Note:
z If no primary IP address is configured on the source interface, the FTP connection
fails.
z If you use the ftp client source command to first configure the source interface and
then the source IP address of the transmitted packets, the new source IP address
will overwrite the current one, and vice versa.
Follow these steps to establish an FTP connection (In IPv6 networking):
To do… Use the command… Remarks
Log onto the remote FTP
server directly in user
view
ftp ipv6 [ server-address
[ service-port ] [ source ipv6
source-ipv6-address ] [ -i
interface-type interface-number ] ]
Log onto the remote FTP
ftp ipv6
Use either
approach.
Available in user
view
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To do… Use the command… Remarks
server indirectly in FTP
client view
open ipv6 server-address
[ service-port ] [ -i interface-type
interface-number ]
2.2.2 Configuring the FTP Client
After a device serving as the FTP client has established a connection with the FTP
server (For establishing FTP connection, refer to
Establishing an FTP Connection.), the
device can perform the following operations for the authorized directory:
To do… Use the command… Remarks
Display help information
of FTP-related commands
supported by the remote
FTP server
remotehelp
[ protocol-command ]
Optional
Enable information
display in a detailed
manner
verbose
Optional
Enabled by default
Use other username to
relog after logging onto
the FTP server
successfully
user username
[ password ]
Optional
Set the file transfer mode
to ASCII
ascii
Optional
ASCII by default
Set the file transfer mode
to binary
binary
Optional
ASCII by default
Change the working path
on the remote FTP server
cd pathname
Optional
Exit the current directory
and enter the upper level
directory
cdup
Optional
Display files/directories
information on the FTP
server
dir [ remotefile [ localfile ] ] Optional
Check files/directories on
the FTP server
ls [ remotefile [ localfile ] ] Optional
Download a file from the
FTP server
get remotefile [ localfile ] Optional
Upload a file to the FTP
server
put localfile [ remotefile ] Optional
View the working directory
of the remote FTP server
pwd
Optional
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To do… Use the command… Remarks
Find the working path of
the FTP client
lcd
Optional
Create a directory on the
FTP server
mkdir directory
Optional
Set the data transfer
mode to passive
passive
Optional
Passive by default
Delete specified file on the
FTP server
delete remotefile
Optional
Delete specified directory
on the FTP server
rmdir directory
Optional
Disconnect with the FTP
server without exiting the
FTP client view
disconnect
Optional
Equal to the close
command
Disconnect with the FTP
server without exiting the
FTP client view
close
Optional
Equal to the disconnect
command
Disconnect with the FTP
server and exit to user
view
bye
Optional
Terminate the connection
with the remote FTP
server, and exit to user
view
quit
Optional
Available in FTP client
view, equal to the bye
command
Note:
z FTP uses two modes for file transfer: ASCII mode and binary mode.
z The Is command can only display the file/directory name, while the dir command
can display more information, such as the size and date of creation of files or
directories.
2.2.3 FTP Client Configuration Example
I. Network requirements
z Use your device as an FTP client to download a startup file from the FTP server.
z The IP address of the FTP server is 10.1.1.1/16.
z On the FTP server, an FTP user account has been created for the FTP client, with
the username being abc and the password being pwd.
z The PC performs operations on the device through Console port.
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II. Network diagram
Switch
IP network
FTP Client
10.2.2.1/16
Console
FTP Server
10.1.1.1/16
Figure 2-2 Network diagram for FTPing an image file from an FTP server
III. Configuration procedure
# Check files on your device. Remove those redundant to ensure adequate space for
the startup file to be downloaded.
<Sysname> dir
Directory of flash:/
0 drw- - Dec 07 2005 10:00:57 filename
1 drw- - Jan 02 2006 14:27:51 logfile
2 -rw- 1216 Jan 02 2006 14:28:59 config.cfg
3 -rw- 1216 Jan 02 2006 16:27:26 backup.cfg
14605 KB total (6890 KB free)
<Sysname> delete /unreserved flash:/backup.cfg
# Download the startup file from the server.
<Sysname> ftp 10.1.1.1
Trying 10.1.1.1.
Press CTRL+K to abort
Connected to 10.1.1.1
220 FTP service ready
User(10.1.1.1:(none)):abc
331 Give me your password, please
Password:
331 Password required for abc.
Password:
230 User logged in.
[ftp] binary
200 Type set to I.
[ftp] get aaa.bin bbb.bin
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227 Entering Passive Mode (10.1.1.1,4,1).
125 BINARY mode data connection already open, transfer starting for aaa.bin.
.....226 Transfer complete.
FTP: 5805100 byte(s) received in 19.898 second(s) 291.74Kbyte(s)/sec.
[ftp] bye
# Specify the startup file for next startup with the boot-loader command.
<Sysname> boot-loader file bbb.bin
<Sysname> reboot
Caution:
Startup files for next startup must be saved under the root directory. You can copy or
move a file to change the path of it to the root directory. For description of the
corresponding command, refer to the System Maintaining and Debugging part of the
manual.
2.3 Configuring the FTP Server
2.3.1 Configuring FTP Server Operating Parameters
The FTP server uses two modes to update files when you upload files (use the put
command) to the FTP server:
z In fast mode, the FTP server starts writing data to the Flash after file transfer
completes. This protects the files intended to be overwritten on the device from
being corrupted in the event that anomalies, power failure for example, occur
during a file transfer.
z In normal mode, the FTP server writes data to the Flash during file transfer. This
means that any anomaly, power failure for example, during file transfer might
result in file corruption on the router. This mode, however, consumes less memory
space than the fast mode.
Follow these steps to configure the FTP server:
To do… Use the command… Remarks
Enter system view
system-view
—
Enable the FTP
server
ftp server enable
Required
Disabled by default.
Operation Manual – File System Management
H3C S3610&S5510 Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 2 FTP Configuration
2-8
To do… Use the command… Remarks
Configure the
idle-timeout timer
ftp timeout minutes
Optional
30 minutes by default.
In idle-timeout time, if there is no
information interaction between
the FTP server and client, the
connection between them is
terminated.
Set the file update
mode in FTP
ftp update { fast |
normal }
Optional
Normal update is used by default.
2.3.2 Configuring Authentication and Authorization for Accessing FTP
Server
To allow an FTP user to access certain directories on the FTP server, you need to
create an account for the user, authorizing access to the directories and associating the
username and password with the account.
Follow these steps to configure authentication and authorization for FTP server:
To do… Use the command… Remarks
Enter system view
system-view
—
Create a local user and
enter its view
local-user user-name
Required
No local user exists by default,
and the system does not
support FTP anonymous user
access.
Assign a password to
the user
password { simple |
cipher } password
Required
Assign the FTP service
to the user
service-type ftp
[ ftp-directory
directory ]
Required
By default, the system does not
support anonymous FTP
access, and does not assign
any service. If the FTP service
is assigned, the root directory
of the device is used by default.
Specify the directory
an FTP user can
access
work-directory
directory-name
Optional
By default, the FTP/SFTP
users can access the root
directory of the device.
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