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Force10 MXL Blade

Dell Force10 MXL Blade User manual

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Dell Networking Conguration Guide for the MXL
10/40GbE Switch I/O Module
9.9(0.0)
Notes, cautions, and warnings
NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your computer.
CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the
problem.
WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.
Copyright © 2015 Dell Inc. All rights reserved. This product is protected by U.S. and international copyright and intellectual property laws. Dell
™
and the Dell logo are trademarks of Dell Inc. in the United States and/or other jurisdictions. All other marks and names mentioned herein may be
trademarks of their respective companies.
2015 - 09
Rev. A00
Contents
1 About this Guide.............................................................................................................31
Audience........................................................................................................................................................................... 31
Conventions......................................................................................................................................................................31
Information Symbols..........................................................................................................................................................31
Related Documents.......................................................................................................................................................... 32
2 Conguration Fundamentals..........................................................................................33
Accessing the Command Line.......................................................................................................................................... 33
CLI Modes........................................................................................................................................................................33
Navigating CLI Modes................................................................................................................................................ 34
The do Command.............................................................................................................................................................37
Undoing Commands......................................................................................................................................................... 37
Obtaining Help..................................................................................................................................................................38
Entering and Editing Commands...................................................................................................................................... 38
Command History............................................................................................................................................................ 39
Filtering show Command Outputs.................................................................................................................................... 39
Multiple Users in Conguration Mode...............................................................................................................................40
3 Getting Started............................................................................................................. 42
Console Access................................................................................................................................................................ 43
Serial Console.............................................................................................................................................................43
External Serial Port with a USB Connector................................................................................................................ 45
Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH........................................................................................... 45
Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection....................................................................................................45
Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection.............................................................................................. 45
Boot Process....................................................................................................................................................................46
Default Conguration........................................................................................................................................................47
Conguring a Host Name................................................................................................................................................. 47
Conguring a Host Name.................................................................................................................................................48
Accessing the System Remotely...................................................................................................................................... 48
Accessing the Switch Remotely................................................................................................................................. 48
Congure the Management Port IP Address..............................................................................................................48
Congure a Management Route.................................................................................................................................49
Conguring a Username and Password...................................................................................................................... 49
Conguring the Enable Password.....................................................................................................................................49
Conguration File Management....................................................................................................................................... 50
Copy Files to and from the System............................................................................................................................ 50
Save the Running-Conguration................................................................................................................................. 51
Viewing Files.............................................................................................................................................................. 52
Managing the File System................................................................................................................................................ 53
View the Command History..............................................................................................................................................54
Using HTTP for File Transfers.......................................................................................................................................... 54
3
Upgrading and Downgrading the Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................... 54
Using Hashes to Verify Software Images Before Installation.............................................................................................54
4 Management.................................................................................................................56
Conguring Privilege Levels............................................................................................................................................. 56
Creating a Custom Privilege Level..............................................................................................................................56
Customizing a Privilege Level..................................................................................................................................... 57
Applying a Privilege Level to a Username................................................................................................................... 58
Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line...............................................................................................................58
Conguring Logging......................................................................................................................................................... 59
Audit and Security Logs............................................................................................................................................. 59
Conguring Logging Format ......................................................................................................................................61
Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server................................................................................................... 61
Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration............................................................................................... 62
Log Messages in the Internal Buer................................................................................................................................. 63
Conguration Task List for System Log Management................................................................................................ 63
Disabling System Logging.................................................................................................................................................63
Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server................................................................................................................. 63
Conguring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server..........................................................................................................63
Changing System Logging Settings..................................................................................................................................64
Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration............................................................................................... 64
Conguring a UNIX Logging Facility Level........................................................................................................................65
Synchronizing Log Messages........................................................................................................................................... 66
Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages.........................................................................................................................67
Enabling Secure Mode......................................................................................................................................................67
File Transfer Services....................................................................................................................................................... 68
Conguration Task List for File Transfer Services....................................................................................................... 68
Enabling the FTP Server............................................................................................................................................ 68
Conguring FTP Server Parameters...........................................................................................................................68
Conguring FTP Client Parameters............................................................................................................................ 69
Terminal Lines...................................................................................................................................................................69
Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line......................................................................................................69
Conguring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines................................................................................................... 70
Setting Time Out of EXEC Privilege Mode........................................................................................................................ 71
Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device................................................................................................................ 71
Lock CONFIGURATION Mode..........................................................................................................................................72
Viewing the Conguration Lock Status.......................................................................................................................72
Limit Concurrent Login Sessions.......................................................................................................................................73
Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions.................................................................................... 73
Conguring Concurrent Session Limit.........................................................................................................................73
Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions..........................................................................................................73
Track Login Activity...........................................................................................................................................................74
Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity.......................................................................................................................74
Conguring Login Activity Tracking.............................................................................................................................74
Display Login Statistics............................................................................................................................................... 75
Recovering from a Forgotten Password............................................................................................................................76
4
Recovering from a Forgotten Enable Password................................................................................................................ 76
Recovering from a Failed Start......................................................................................................................................... 77
5 802.1X........................................................................................................................... 78
The Port-Authentication Process..................................................................................................................................... 79
EAP over RADIUS...................................................................................................................................................... 80
Conguring 802.1X............................................................................................................................................................81
Related Conguration Tasks........................................................................................................................................ 81
Important Points to Remember......................................................................................................................................... 81
Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................ 82
Conguring Request Identity Re-Transmissions.......................................................................................................... 83
Conguring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication............................................................................................ 84
Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port....................................................................................................................85
Re-Authenticating a Port................................................................................................................................................. 85
Conguring Timeouts.......................................................................................................................................................86
Conguring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication................................................................................... 87
Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs........................................................................................................................ 88
Conguring a Guest VLAN......................................................................................................................................... 89
Conguring an Authentication-Fail VLAN................................................................................................................... 89
6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM)......91
Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs.............................................................................91
Guidelines for Conguring ACL VLAN groups...................................................................................................................92
Conguring ACL VLAN Groups and Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters........................................................... 92
Conguring ACL VLAN Groups.................................................................................................................................. 92
Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters............................................................................................................. 93
Viewing CAM Usage.........................................................................................................................................................94
Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes........................................................................................................................ 95
7 Access Control Lists (ACLs).......................................................................................... 97
IP Access Control Lists (ACLs)......................................................................................................................................... 97
Implementing ACL on the Dell Networking OS................................................................................................................. 98
ACLs and VLANs..............................................................................................................................................................98
ACL Optimization............................................................................................................................................................. 98
Determine the Order in which ACLs are Used to Classify Trac...................................................................................... 98
Example of the order Keyword to Determine ACL Sequence......................................................................................98
IP Fragment Handling.......................................................................................................................................................99
IP Fragments ACL Examples............................................................................................................................................ 99
Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples............................................................................................................................................ 99
Congure a Standard IP ACL..........................................................................................................................................100
Conguring a Standard IP ACL Filter............................................................................................................................... 101
Congure an Extended IP ACL........................................................................................................................................102
Conguring Filters with a Sequence Number..................................................................................................................102
Conguring Filters Without a Sequence Number............................................................................................................ 103
Established Flag..............................................................................................................................................................103
Congure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs...............................................................................................................................103
5
Assign an IP ACL to an Interface.....................................................................................................................................104
Applying an IP ACL......................................................................................................................................................... 104
Counting ACL Hits..........................................................................................................................................................105
Congure Ingress ACLs.................................................................................................................................................. 105
Congure Egress ACLs................................................................................................................................................... 106
Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane)............................................................................................................... 106
IP Prex Lists..................................................................................................................................................................107
Implementation Information.......................................................................................................................................107
Conguration Task List for Prex Lists............................................................................................................................ 107
Creating a Prex List...................................................................................................................................................... 108
Creating a Prex List Without a Sequence Number........................................................................................................108
Viewing Prex Lists.........................................................................................................................................................109
Applying a Prex List for Route Redistribution.................................................................................................................110
Applying a Filter to a Prex List (OSPF).......................................................................................................................... 110
ACL Resequencing........................................................................................................................................................... 111
Resequencing an ACL or Prex List..................................................................................................................................111
Route Maps..................................................................................................................................................................... 113
Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................... 113
Important Points to Remember........................................................................................................................................113
Conguration Task List for Route Maps...........................................................................................................................113
Creating a Route Map......................................................................................................................................................113
Congure Route Map Filters............................................................................................................................................115
Conguring Match Routes...............................................................................................................................................115
Conguring Set Conditions..............................................................................................................................................116
Congure a Route Map for Route Redistribution............................................................................................................. 117
Congure a Route Map for Route Tagging.......................................................................................................................117
Continue Clause.............................................................................................................................................................. 118
Logging of ACL Processes...............................................................................................................................................118
Guidelines for Conguring ACL Logging...........................................................................................................................119
Conguring ACL Logging.................................................................................................................................................119
Flow-Based Monitoring Support for ACLs...................................................................................................................... 120
Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring..........................................................................................................................120
Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring.....................................................................................................................................122
8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD)....................................................................123
How BFD Works............................................................................................................................................................. 123
BFD Packet Format.................................................................................................................................................. 124
BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................125
BFD Three-Way Handshake...................................................................................................................................... 126
Session State Changes............................................................................................................................................. 128
Important Points to Remember.......................................................................................................................................128
Congure BFD................................................................................................................................................................ 128
Congure BFD for Physical Ports..............................................................................................................................129
Enabling BFD Globally............................................................................................................................................... 129
Establishing a Session on Physical Ports...................................................................................................................130
Changing Physical Port Session Parameters..............................................................................................................131
6
Disabling and Re-Enabling BFD................................................................................................................................. 132
Congure BFD for Static Routes.....................................................................................................................................132
Related Conguration Tasks......................................................................................................................................132
Establishing Sessions for Static Routes.....................................................................................................................133
Changing Static Route Session Parameters.............................................................................................................. 133
Disabling BFD for Static Routes................................................................................................................................ 134
Congure BFD for OSPF.................................................................................................................................................134
Related Conguration Tasks......................................................................................................................................134
Establishing Sessions with OSPF Neighbors.............................................................................................................135
Changing OSPF Session Parameters........................................................................................................................ 136
Disabling BFD for OSPF............................................................................................................................................136
Congure BFD for OSPFv3.............................................................................................................................................136
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................... 137
Establishing Sessions with OSPFv3 Neighbors..........................................................................................................137
Changing OSPFv3 Session Parameters.....................................................................................................................137
Disabling BFD for OSPFv3........................................................................................................................................ 137
Congure BFD for BGP.................................................................................................................................................. 138
Prerequisites............................................................................................................................................................. 138
Establishing Sessions with BGP Neighbors............................................................................................................... 138
Disabling BFD for BGP..............................................................................................................................................140
Use BFD in a BGP Peer Group..................................................................................................................................140
Displaying BFD for BGP Information.......................................................................................................................... 141
Congure BFD for VRRP................................................................................................................................................ 144
Related Conguration Tasks......................................................................................................................................145
Establishing Sessions with All VRRP Neighbors........................................................................................................ 145
Establishing VRRP Sessions on VRRP Neighbors..................................................................................................... 145
Changing VRRP Session Parameters........................................................................................................................ 146
Disabling BFD for VRRP............................................................................................................................................147
Congure BFD for VLANs...............................................................................................................................................147
Related Conguration Task........................................................................................................................................147
Establish Sessions with VLAN Neighbors..................................................................................................................148
Changing VLAN Session Parameters........................................................................................................................ 148
Disabling BFD for VLANs.......................................................................................................................................... 149
Congure BFD for Port-Channels................................................................................................................................... 149
Related Conguration Tasks......................................................................................................................................149
Establish Sessions on Port-Channels........................................................................................................................ 149
Changing Physical Port Session Parameters.............................................................................................................150
Disabling BFD for Port-Channels.............................................................................................................................. 150
Conguring Protocol Liveness........................................................................................................................................ 150
Troubleshooting BFD....................................................................................................................................................... 151
9 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4)...................................................................... 152
Autonomous Systems (AS)............................................................................................................................................. 152
Sessions and Peers......................................................................................................................................................... 154
Establish a Session....................................................................................................................................................154
Route Reectors.............................................................................................................................................................155
7
Communities.............................................................................................................................................................156
BGP Attributes............................................................................................................................................................... 156
Best Path Selection Criteria......................................................................................................................................156
Weight...................................................................................................................................................................... 158
Local Preference.......................................................................................................................................................158
Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)..............................................................................................................................159
Origin........................................................................................................................................................................160
AS Path.................................................................................................................................................................... 160
Next Hop...................................................................................................................................................................161
Multiprotocol BGP........................................................................................................................................................... 161
Implement BGP with the Dell Networking OS..................................................................................................................161
Additional Path (Add-Path) Support..........................................................................................................................161
Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes...............................................................................................162
Ignore Router-ID for Some Best-Path Calculations................................................................................................... 162
Four-Byte AS Numbers.............................................................................................................................................162
AS4 Number Representation.................................................................................................................................... 163
AS Number Migration............................................................................................................................................... 164
BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)............................................................................................................ 166
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................166
Conguration Information................................................................................................................................................167
BGP Conguration.......................................................................................................................................................... 167
Enabling BGP............................................................................................................................................................168
Enabling MBGP Congurations.................................................................................................................................196
BGP Regular Expression Optimization.............................................................................................................................197
Debugging BGP.............................................................................................................................................................. 197
Storing Last and Bad PDUs...................................................................................................................................... 198
PDU Counters...........................................................................................................................................................199
Sample Congurations....................................................................................................................................................199
10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM)........................................................................ 208
CAM Allocation.............................................................................................................................................................. 208
Test CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................209
View CAM-ACL Settings................................................................................................................................................209
CAM Optimization.......................................................................................................................................................... 210
11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP).....................................................................................211
Congure Control Plane Policing.....................................................................................................................................212
Conguring CoPP for Protocols................................................................................................................................213
Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues.......................................................................................................................... 214
Show Commands......................................................................................................................................................215
12 Data Center Bridging (DCB)....................................................................................... 217
Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging............................................................................................................217
Priority-Based Flow Control......................................................................................................................................218
Enhanced Transmission Selection............................................................................................................................. 218
Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx).................................................................................................... 220
8
Data Center Bridging in a Trac Flow...................................................................................................................... 220
Enabling Data Center Bridging....................................................................................................................................... 220
Conguring DCB Maps and its Attributes................................................................................................................. 221
Data Center Bridging: Default Conguration...................................................................................................................224
Interworking of DCB Map With DCB Buer Threshold Settings.....................................................................................224
Conguring Priority-Based Flow Control........................................................................................................................ 225
Conguring Lossless Queues....................................................................................................................................226
Conguring the PFC Buer in a Switch Stack..........................................................................................................227
Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buer Method..................................................................................... 228
Congure Enhanced Transmission Selection.................................................................................................................. 229
ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions...........................................................................................................................229
Creating an ETS Priority Group................................................................................................................................ 229
ETS Operation with DCBx........................................................................................................................................230
Conguring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN.......................................................................................................231
Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies........................................................................................................ 232
Applying DCB Policies with an ETS Conguration.......................................................................................................... 232
PFC and ETS Conguration Examples............................................................................................................................232
Using PFC and ETS to Manage Data Center Trac................................................................................................. 233
Using PFC and ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac in a Switch Stack........................................................ 234
Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack........................................................................................................................ 235
Congure a DCBx Operation.......................................................................................................................................... 235
DCBx Operation....................................................................................................................................................... 235
DCBx Port Roles...................................................................................................................................................... 235
DCB Conguration Exchange................................................................................................................................... 237
Conguration Source Election.................................................................................................................................. 237
Propagation of DCB Information.............................................................................................................................. 238
Auto-Detection and Manual Conguration of the DCBx Version.............................................................................. 238
DCBx Example......................................................................................................................................................... 238
DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions........................................................................................................................ 239
Conguring DCBx.................................................................................................................................................... 239
Verifying the DCB Conguration.................................................................................................................................... 243
QoS dot1p Trac Classication and Queue Assignment..................................................................................................251
Conguring the Dynamic Buer Method........................................................................................................................252
13 Debugging and Diagnostics........................................................................................254
Oine Diagnostics......................................................................................................................................................... 254
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................ 254
Running Oine Diagnostics......................................................................................................................................254
Trace Logs......................................................................................................................................................................257
Auto Save on Crash or Rollover................................................................................................................................257
Using the Show Hardware Commands...........................................................................................................................257
Enabling Environmental Monitoring................................................................................................................................ 258
Recognize an Over-Temperature Condition.............................................................................................................. 260
Troubleshoot an Over-Temperature Condition.......................................................................................................... 260
Recognize an Under-Voltage Condition.....................................................................................................................261
Troubleshoot an Under-Voltage Condition.................................................................................................................261
9
Troubleshooting Packet Loss...........................................................................................................................................261
Displaying Drop Counters......................................................................................................................................... 262
Dataplane Statistics................................................................................................................................................. 262
Display Stack Port Statistics.................................................................................................................................... 263
Displaying Stack Member Counters..........................................................................................................................264
Enabling Application Core Dumps...................................................................................................................................264
Mini Core Dumps............................................................................................................................................................264
Enabling TCP Dumps..................................................................................................................................................... 265
Enabling Buer Statistics Tracking ................................................................................................................................266
14 Dynamic Host Conguration Protocol (DHCP)...........................................................267
DHCP Packet Format and Options.................................................................................................................................267
Assign an IP Address using DHCP............................................................................................................................269
Implementation Information............................................................................................................................................269
Congure the System to be a DHCP Server...................................................................................................................270
Conguring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation.........................................................................................270
Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................................271
Specifying a Default Gateway...................................................................................................................................272
Enabling the DHCP Server....................................................................................................................................... 272
Congure a Method of Hostname Resolution...........................................................................................................272
Creating Manual Binding Entries...............................................................................................................................273
Debugging the DHCP Server....................................................................................................................................274
Using DHCP Clear Commands................................................................................................................................. 274
Congure the System to be a Relay Agent..................................................................................................................... 274
Congure the System to be a DHCP Client....................................................................................................................276
Conguring the DHCP Client System.......................................................................................................................276
DHCP Client on a Management Interface.................................................................................................................279
DHCP Client Operation with Other Features............................................................................................................280
Congure Secure DHCP................................................................................................................................................. 281
Option 82..................................................................................................................................................................281
DHCP Snooping........................................................................................................................................................281
Conguring the DHCP secondary-subnet................................................................................................................ 284
Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only.........................................................................................................285
Dynamic ARP Inspection..........................................................................................................................................285
Conguring Dynamic ARP Inspection.......................................................................................................................286
Source Address Validation........................................................................................................................................ 287
15 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)................................................................................. 289
ECMP for Flow-Based Anity....................................................................................................................................... 289
Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop.................................................................................................................. 289
Link Bundle Monitoring...................................................................................................................................................289
Managing ECMP Group Paths....................................................................................................................................... 290
RTAG7........................................................................................................................................................................... 290
Flow-based Hashing for ECMP.......................................................................................................................................291
16 FC FLEXIO FPORT.................................................................................................... 294
10
FC FLEXIO FPORT........................................................................................................................................................ 294
Conguring Switch Mode to FCF Port Mode.................................................................................................................295
Name Server..................................................................................................................................................................295
FCoE Maps.................................................................................................................................................................... 296
Creating an FCoE Map...................................................................................................................................................296
Zoning............................................................................................................................................................................298
Creating Zone and Adding Members..............................................................................................................................298
Creating Zone Alias and Adding Members......................................................................................................................298
Creating Zonesets..........................................................................................................................................................299
Activating a Zoneset...................................................................................................................................................... 299
Displaying the Fabric Parameters................................................................................................................................... 299
17 FCoE Transit.............................................................................................................. 303
Fibre Channel over Ethernet.......................................................................................................................................... 303
Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network...................................................................................................303
FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges................................................................................................................................. 304
FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack..................................................................................................................................... 306
Using FIP Snooping........................................................................................................................................................306
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................306
Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature...........................................................................................................................306
Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs................................................................................................................................307
Congure the FC-MAP Value...................................................................................................................................307
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link............................................................................................................ 307
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link................................................................................................................307
Impact on Other Software Features.........................................................................................................................307
FIP Snooping Prerequisites...................................................................................................................................... 308
FIP Snooping Restrictions........................................................................................................................................308
Conguring FIP Snooping........................................................................................................................................ 308
Displaying FIP Snooping Information.............................................................................................................................. 309
FCoE Transit Conguration Example...............................................................................................................................314
18 FIPS Cryptography.....................................................................................................316
Preparing the System..................................................................................................................................................... 316
Enabling FIPS Mode........................................................................................................................................................316
Generating Host-Keys.....................................................................................................................................................317
Monitoring FIPS Mode Status.........................................................................................................................................317
Disabling FIPS Mode....................................................................................................................................................... 318
19 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)..................................................................... 319
Protocol Overview.......................................................................................................................................................... 319
Ring Status.............................................................................................................................................................. 320
Multiple FRRP Rings................................................................................................................................................. 321
Important FRRP Points............................................................................................................................................ 322
Important FRRP Concepts....................................................................................................................................... 323
Implementing FRRP....................................................................................................................................................... 324
FRRP Conguration....................................................................................................................................................... 324
11
Creating the FRRP Group........................................................................................................................................ 324
Conguring the Control VLAN..................................................................................................................................324
Conguring and Adding the Member VLANs........................................................................................................... 326
Setting the FRRP Timers..........................................................................................................................................327
Clearing the FRRP Counters.................................................................................................................................... 327
Viewing the FRRP Conguration.............................................................................................................................. 327
Viewing the FRRP Information................................................................................................................................. 327
Troubleshooting FRRP....................................................................................................................................................328
Conguration Checks...............................................................................................................................................328
Sample Conguration and Topology............................................................................................................................... 328
20 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)............................................................... 331
Important Points to Remember.......................................................................................................................................331
Congure GVRP............................................................................................................................................................. 331
Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 332
Enabling GVRP Globally..................................................................................................................................................332
Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface............................................................................................................................333
Congure GVRP Registration.........................................................................................................................................333
Congure a GARP Timer................................................................................................................................................334
21 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)...........................................................335
IGMP Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................................... 335
IGMP Version 2........................................................................................................................................................335
IGMP Version 3........................................................................................................................................................336
IGMP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................................339
IGMP Snooping Implementation Information............................................................................................................339
Conguring IGMP Snooping.....................................................................................................................................340
Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave............................................................................................................................. 340
Disabling Multicast Flooding......................................................................................................................................341
Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router..............................................................................................341
Conguring the Switch as Querier............................................................................................................................ 341
Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes..........................................................................................................341
Designating a Multicast Router Interface....................................................................................................................... 342
22 Interfaces..................................................................................................................343
Basic Interface Conguration......................................................................................................................................... 343
Advanced Interface Conguration..................................................................................................................................343
Interface Types...............................................................................................................................................................343
View Basic Interface Information....................................................................................................................................344
Conguring the Default Interface...................................................................................................................................346
Enabling a Physical Interface..........................................................................................................................................346
Physical Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................... 347
Conguration Task List for Physical Interfaces......................................................................................................... 347
Overview of Layer Modes........................................................................................................................................ 347
Conguring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode..................................................................................................................... 348
Conguring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode...................................................................................................................... 348
12
Conguring Layer 3 (Network) Mode...................................................................................................................... 348
Conguring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode...................................................................................................................... 349
Management Interfaces.................................................................................................................................................350
Conguring Management Interfaces on the MXL Switch........................................................................................ 350
VLAN Interfaces............................................................................................................................................................. 351
Loopback Interfaces.......................................................................................................................................................352
Null Interfaces................................................................................................................................................................352
Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................................................. 353
Port Channel Denition and Standards.....................................................................................................................353
Port Channel Benets..............................................................................................................................................353
Port Channel Implementation...................................................................................................................................353
100/1000/10000 Mbps Interfaces in Port Channels.................................................................................................354
Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces...................................................................................................... 354
Creating a Port Channel...........................................................................................................................................354
Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel..........................................................................................................355
Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel..................................................................................................... 356
Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel......................................................................................357
Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN................................................................................................... 357
Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel...............................................................................................................358
Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel........................................................................................................................ 358
Load Balancing through Port Channels.......................................................................................................................... 358
Changing the Hash Algorithm........................................................................................................................................ 359
Server Ports...................................................................................................................................................................360
Default Conguration without Start-up Cong........................................................................................................ 360
Bulk Conguration..........................................................................................................................................................360
Interface Range....................................................................................................................................................... 360
Bulk Conguration Examples.....................................................................................................................................361
Dening Interface Range Macros................................................................................................................................... 362
Dene the Interface Range...................................................................................................................................... 362
Choosing an Interface-Range Macro........................................................................................................................362
Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces........................................................................................................................... 363
Maintenance Using TDR.......................................................................................................................................... 364
Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports...............................................................................................................................364
Merging SFP+ Ports to QSFP 40G Ports.................................................................................................................365
Congure the MTU Size on an Interface..................................................................................................................365
Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port......................................................................................... 366
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................366
Example Scenarios................................................................................................................................................... 367
Layer 2 Flow Control Using Ethernet Pause Frames.......................................................................................................367
Enabling Pause Frames.............................................................................................................................................367
Congure MTU Size on an Interface.............................................................................................................................. 368
Port-Pipes......................................................................................................................................................................369
Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces....................................................................................................................... 369
Setting the Speed and Duplex Mode of Ethernet Interfaces.................................................................................... 369
View Advanced Interface Information............................................................................................................................. 371
13
Conguring the Interface Sampling Size...................................................................................................................372
Dynamic Counters.................................................................................................................................................... 373
Enhanced Control of Remote Fault Indication Processing...............................................................................................374
23 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)............................................................................ 375
Conguring IPSec ......................................................................................................................................................... 375
24 IPv4 Routing..............................................................................................................377
IP Addresses...................................................................................................................................................................377
Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................377
Conguration Tasks for IP Addresses........................................................................................................................377
IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview..............................................................................................................................380
Using the Congured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages......................................................................................... 380
Conguring the ICMP Source Interface.................................................................................................................... 381
Conguring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection................................................................................................381
Enabling Directed Broadcast........................................................................................................................................... 381
Resolution of Host Names..............................................................................................................................................382
Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names...........................................................................................................382
Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains.....................................................................................382
Conguring DNS with Traceroute.............................................................................................................................383
ARP................................................................................................................................................................................383
Conguration Tasks for ARP.................................................................................................................................... 384
ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP.................................................................................................................................. 385
ARP Learning via ARP Request......................................................................................................................................385
Conguring ARP Retries................................................................................................................................................ 386
ICMP..............................................................................................................................................................................387
Conguration Tasks for ICMP...................................................................................................................................387
UDP Helper.................................................................................................................................................................... 387
Congure UDP Helper..............................................................................................................................................387
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................ 387
Enabling UDP Helper................................................................................................................................................388
Congurations Using UDP Helper.................................................................................................................................. 388
UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses............................................................................................................... 388
UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses........................................................................................................389
UDP Helper with Congured Broadcast Addresses..................................................................................................389
UDP Helper with No Congured Broadcast Addresses............................................................................................ 390
Troubleshooting UDP Helper..........................................................................................................................................390
25 IPv6 Addressing......................................................................................................... 391
Protocol Overview.......................................................................................................................................................... 391
Extended Address Space.......................................................................................................................................... 391
Stateless Autoconguration...................................................................................................................................... 391
IPv6 Header Fields......................................................................................................................................................... 393
Version (4 bits).........................................................................................................................................................393
Trac Class (8 bits)................................................................................................................................................. 393
Flow Label (20 bits)................................................................................................................................................. 393
14
Payload Length (16 bits)...........................................................................................................................................393
Next Header (8 bits)................................................................................................................................................ 393
Hop Limit (8 bits).....................................................................................................................................................394
Source Address (128 bits)........................................................................................................................................ 394
Destination Address (128 bits)..................................................................................................................................394
Extension Header Fields.................................................................................................................................................394
Hop-by-Hop Options Header................................................................................................................................... 395
Addressing..................................................................................................................................................................... 395
Link-local Addresses.................................................................................................................................................396
Static and Dynamic Addressing................................................................................................................................396
Implementing IPv6 with the Dell Networking OS............................................................................................................396
ICMPv6......................................................................................................................................................................... 400
Path MTU Discovery......................................................................................................................................................400
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery................................................................................................................................................ 401
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets............................................................................................................... 402
Conguring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server............................................................................................................ 402
Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host ............................................................................................403
Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information......................................................................................................................... 403
IPv6 Multicast................................................................................................................................................................403
Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport...................................................................................................................403
Conguration Task List for IPv6..................................................................................................................................... 404
Adjusting Your CAM-Prole......................................................................................................................................404
Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface............................................................................................................... 405
Assigning a Static IPv6 Route.................................................................................................................................. 405
Conguring Telnet with IPv6....................................................................................................................................406
SNMP over IPv6......................................................................................................................................................406
Showing IPv6 Information........................................................................................................................................406
Showing an IPv6 Interface....................................................................................................................................... 407
Showing IPv6 Routes............................................................................................................................................... 407
Showing the Running-Conguration for an Interface............................................................................................... 408
Clearing IPv6 Routes................................................................................................................................................408
26 iSCSI Optimization.....................................................................................................410
iSCSI Optimization Overview.......................................................................................................................................... 410
Monitoring iSCSI Trac Flows...................................................................................................................................411
Information Monitored in iSCSI Trac Flows............................................................................................................. 411
Detection and Auto-Conguration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays....................................................................................412
Conguring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays..................................................................................... 412
iSCSI Optimization: Operation...................................................................................................................................412
Default iSCSI Optimization Values.............................................................................................................................413
Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information.......................................................................................................................413
27 Intermediate System to Intermediate System.............................................................415
IS-IS Protocol Overview..................................................................................................................................................415
IS-IS Addressing..............................................................................................................................................................415
Multi-Topology IS-IS........................................................................................................................................................416
15
Transition Mode........................................................................................................................................................ 416
Interface Support......................................................................................................................................................416
Adjacencies...............................................................................................................................................................416
Graceful Restart..............................................................................................................................................................417
Timers.......................................................................................................................................................................417
Implementation Information.............................................................................................................................................417
Conguration Information............................................................................................................................................... 418
Conguration Tasks for IS-IS.....................................................................................................................................418
IS-IS Metric Styles......................................................................................................................................................... 432
Congure Metric Values.................................................................................................................................................432
Maximum Values in the Routing Table...................................................................................................................... 433
Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only..................................................................................................... 433
Leaks from One Level to Another.............................................................................................................................434
Sample Congurations................................................................................................................................................... 435
28 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)................................................................440
Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP.......................................................................................................................440
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................440
LACP Modes.............................................................................................................................................................441
Conguring LACP Commands.................................................................................................................................. 441
LACP Conguration Tasks..............................................................................................................................................442
Creating a LAG.........................................................................................................................................................442
Conguring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic.............................................................................................................442
Setting the LACP Long Timeout.............................................................................................................................. 443
Shared LAG State Tracking............................................................................................................................................ 444
Conguring Shared LAG State Tracking......................................................................................................................... 444
Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking................................................................................................. 445
LACP Basic Conguration Example................................................................................................................................446
Congure a LAG on ALPHA..................................................................................................................................... 446
29 Layer 2...................................................................................................................... 454
Manage the MAC Address Table.................................................................................................................................... 454
Clearing the MAC Address Table..............................................................................................................................454
Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries.............................................................................................................454
Conguring a Static MAC Address...........................................................................................................................455
Displaying the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................... 455
MAC Learning Limit....................................................................................................................................................... 455
Setting the MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................... 456
mac learning-limit Dynamic...................................................................................................................................... 456
mac learning-limit station-move............................................................................................................................... 456
Learning Limit Violation Actions................................................................................................................................456
Setting Station Move Violation Actions....................................................................................................................456
Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations...................................................................................457
NIC Teaming...................................................................................................................................................................457
MAC Move Optimization..........................................................................................................................................459
16
30 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP).......................................................................460
802.1AB (LLDP) Overview............................................................................................................................................. 460
Protocol Data Units..................................................................................................................................................460
Optional TLVs................................................................................................................................................................. 461
Management TLVs....................................................................................................................................................461
TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview................................................................................................................................... 463
TIA Organizationally Specic TLVs........................................................................................................................... 463
Extended Power via MDI TLV.................................................................................................................................. 466
Congure LLDP..............................................................................................................................................................467
Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 467
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................ 467
LLDP Compatibility...................................................................................................................................................467
CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Congurations...................................................................................................467
Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................................................468
Disabling and Undoing LLDP.................................................................................................................................... 468
Advertising TLVs............................................................................................................................................................ 469
Viewing the LLDP Conguration.................................................................................................................................... 470
Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents.............................................................................................470
Conguring LLDPDU Intervals........................................................................................................................................ 471
Conguring Transmit and Receive Mode........................................................................................................................472
Conguring a Time to Live..............................................................................................................................................473
Debugging LLDP............................................................................................................................................................ 474
Relevant Management Objects...................................................................................................................................... 474
31 Microsoft Network Load Balancing............................................................................ 479
NLB Unicast Mode Scenario.......................................................................................................................................... 479
NLB Multicast Mode Scenario........................................................................................................................................479
Limitations With Enabling NLB on Switches...................................................................................................................480
Benets and Working of Microsoft Clustering................................................................................................................480
Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding ................................................................................................................................480
Conguring a Switch for NLB ....................................................................................................................................... 480
Multicast NLB Mode.................................................................................................................................................481
32 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)...........................................................482
Protocol Overview..........................................................................................................................................................482
Anycast RP.................................................................................................................................................................... 484
Implementation Information............................................................................................................................................484
Congure the Multicast Source Discovery Protocol....................................................................................................... 484
Related Conguration Tasks.....................................................................................................................................485
Enabling MSDP.............................................................................................................................................................. 489
Manage the Source-Active Cache................................................................................................................................. 490
Viewing the Source-Active Cache............................................................................................................................490
Limiting the Source-Active Cache............................................................................................................................490
Clearing the Source-Active Cache............................................................................................................................491
Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache.............................................................................................................491
17
Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check..............................................................................................491
Specifying Source-Active Messages..............................................................................................................................495
Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer.........................................................................................................496
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source............................................................................................................ 496
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source.........................................................................................................497
Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source........................................................................................................497
Logging Changes in Peership States.............................................................................................................................. 498
Terminating a Peership...................................................................................................................................................498
Clearing Peer Statistics..................................................................................................................................................499
Debugging MSDP.......................................................................................................................................................... 499
MSDP with Anycast RP.................................................................................................................................................500
Conguring Anycast RP..................................................................................................................................................501
Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding............................................................................................................. 502
Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages....................................................................................................502
MSDP Sample Congurations........................................................................................................................................504
33 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP).................................................................. 507
Protocol Overview..........................................................................................................................................................507
Spanning Tree Variations................................................................................................................................................508
Implementation Information........................................................................................................................................... 508
Congure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol.................................................................................................................... 508
Related Conguration Tasks.....................................................................................................................................508
Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally.......................................................................................................................... 509
Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances.....................................................................................................................509
Inuencing MSTP Root Selection................................................................................................................................... 510
Interoperate with Non-Dell Networking OS Bridges........................................................................................................510
Changing the Region Name or Revision...........................................................................................................................511
Modifying Global Parameters...........................................................................................................................................511
Enable BPDU Filtering Globally........................................................................................................................................512
Modifying the Interface Parameters................................................................................................................................513
Conguring an EdgePort.................................................................................................................................................514
Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change..............................................................................................................515
MSTP Sample Congurations.........................................................................................................................................515
Router 1 Running-CongurationRouter 2 Running-CongurationRouter 3 Running-CongurationSFTOS
Example Running-Conguration................................................................................................................................515
Debugging and Verifying MSTP Congurations.............................................................................................................. 518
34 Multicast Features.................................................................................................... 520
Enabling IP Multicast......................................................................................................................................................520
Implementation Information............................................................................................................................................520
First Packet Forwarding for Lossless Multicast...............................................................................................................521
Multicast Policies............................................................................................................................................................521
IPv4 Multicast Policies....................................................................................................................................................521
Limiting the Number of Multicast Routes................................................................................................................. 521
Preventing a Host from Joining a Group...................................................................................................................522
Rate Limiting IGMP Join Requests........................................................................................................................... 524
18
Preventing a PIM Router from Forming an Adjacency..............................................................................................525
Preventing a Source from Registering with the RP.................................................................................................. 525
Preventing a PIM Router from Processing a Join..................................................................................................... 527
35 Object Tracking.........................................................................................................529
Object Tracking Overview..............................................................................................................................................529
Track Layer 2 Interfaces...........................................................................................................................................530
Track Layer 3 Interfaces...........................................................................................................................................530
Track IPv4 and IPv6 Routes.....................................................................................................................................530
Set Tracking Delays..................................................................................................................................................530
VRRP Object Tracking............................................................................................................................................. 530
Object Tracking Conguration.........................................................................................................................................531
Tracking a Layer 2 Interface...................................................................................................................................... 531
Tracking a Layer 3 Interface..................................................................................................................................... 532
Track an IPv4/IPv6 Route........................................................................................................................................533
Displaying Tracked Objects.............................................................................................................................................534
36 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3)..................................................... 536
Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 536
Autonomous System (AS) Areas..............................................................................................................................536
Area Types................................................................................................................................................................537
Networks and Neighbors......................................................................................................................................... 538
Router Types............................................................................................................................................................538
Link-State Advertisements (LSAs)...........................................................................................................................540
Router Priority and Cost........................................................................................................................................... 541
OSPF with the Dell Networking OS............................................................................................................................... 542
Graceful Restart.......................................................................................................................................................543
Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only)..................................................................................................................544
Processing SNMP and Sending SNMP Traps...........................................................................................................544
OSPF ACK Packing..................................................................................................................................................544
Setting OSPF Adjacency with Cisco Routers........................................................................................................... 544
Conguration Information.............................................................................................................................................. 545
Conguration Task List for OSPFv2 (OSPF for IPv4)...............................................................................................545
Troubleshooting OSPFv2......................................................................................................................................... 556
Conguration Task List for OSPFv3 (OSPF for IPv6).....................................................................................................559
Enabling IPv6 Unicast Routing.................................................................................................................................559
Applying cost for OSPFv3........................................................................................................................................560
Assigning IPv6 Addresses on an Interface................................................................................................................560
Assigning Area ID on an Interface.............................................................................................................................560
Assigning OSPFv3 Process ID and Router ID Globally...............................................................................................561
Conguring Stub Areas.............................................................................................................................................561
Conguring Passive-Interface...................................................................................................................................561
Redistributing Routes...............................................................................................................................................562
Conguring a Default Route.....................................................................................................................................562
Enabling OSPFv3 Graceful Restart.......................................................................................................................... 562
Displaying Graceful Restart......................................................................................................................................563
19
OSPFv3 Authentication Using IPsec........................................................................................................................565
37 Policy-based Routing (PBR)...................................................................................... 573
Overview........................................................................................................................................................................573
Implementing Policy-based Routing with Dell Networking OS........................................................................................ 574
Conguration Task List for Policy-based Routing............................................................................................................575
PBR Exceptions (Permit)......................................................................................................................................... 577
Sample Conguration.....................................................................................................................................................579
Create the Redirect-List GOLDAssign Redirect-List GOLD to Interface 2/11View Redirect-List GOLD....................580
38 PIM Sparse-Mode (PIM-SM)....................................................................................584
Implementation Information............................................................................................................................................584
Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 584
Requesting Multicast Trac.....................................................................................................................................584
Refuse Multicast Trac........................................................................................................................................... 585
Send Multicast Trac.............................................................................................................................................. 585
Conguring PIM-SM......................................................................................................................................................585
Related Conguration Tasks.....................................................................................................................................586
Enable PIM-SM..............................................................................................................................................................586
Conguring S,G Expiry Timers........................................................................................................................................587
Conguring a Static Rendezvous Point..........................................................................................................................588
Overriding Bootstrap Router Updates......................................................................................................................588
Conguring a Designated Router................................................................................................................................... 589
Creating Multicast Boundaries and Domains.................................................................................................................. 589
Enabling PIM-SM Graceful Restart................................................................................................................................589
39 PIM Source-Specic Mode (PIM-SSM)................................................................... 590
Congure PIM-SMM..................................................................................................................................................... 590
Related Conguration Tasks.....................................................................................................................................590
Implementation Information........................................................................................................................................... 590
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................590
Enabling PIM-SSM......................................................................................................................................................... 591
Use PIM-SSM with IGMP Version 2 Hosts..................................................................................................................... 591
Conguring PIM-SSM with IGMPv2.........................................................................................................................591
40 Port Monitoring.........................................................................................................593
Important Points to Remember......................................................................................................................................593
Conguring Port Monitoring...........................................................................................................................................594
Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring....................................................................................................................................595
Remote Port Mirroring................................................................................................................................................... 596
Remote Port Mirroring Example...............................................................................................................................596
Conguring Remote Port Mirroring.......................................................................................................................... 597
Displaying Remote-Port Mirroring Congurations.................................................................................................... 598
Conguring the Sample Remote Port Mirroring....................................................................................................... 599
Conguring the Encapsulated Remote Port Mirroring....................................................................................................602
Conguration steps for ERPM ................................................................................................................................ 602
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